Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology最新文献_第6页

Deficiency of PvDRAM2 increased the nitrite sensitivity of Pacific white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) by inhibiting autophagy 缺乏 PvDRAM2 会抑制自噬，从而增加太平洋白对虾（Penaeus vannamei）对亚硝酸盐的敏感性。

IF 3.9 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology

Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110068

Xing-Hao Lin , Bei-Bei Dong , Qing-Jian Liang

Autophagy is an essential response mechanism to environmental stress during the evolution of organisms. DRAM2 (Damage-regulated autophagy regulator 2) is recognized as necessary for the process of p53-mediated cell apoptosis. Although the role of DRAM2 in apoptosis has been confirmed, the mechanism of its relationship with autophagy is still unclear. Here we describe PvDRAM2 features and functions. We found that nitrite stress induced autophagy accumulation and ROS production. A novel DRAM-homologous protein, DRAM2, was cloned, and its expression is significantly up-regulated under nitrite stress conditions. PvDRAM2 primarily localizes within the cytoplasmic lysosome.Loss of PvDRAM2 increased sensitivity response to nitrite stress of Pacific white shrimp. And silenced of PvDRAM2 promoted ROS production and inhibited autophagy accumulation. In addition, silenced of PvDRAM2 decreased the autophagy-related protein of p62, Beclin 1, and LC3 expression under nitrite stress of Pacific white shrimp. Collectively, these studies uncover a novel critical role for PvDRAM2 in regulating autophagy under nitrite stress. Specifically, PvDRAM2 is essential for the induction of autophagy, enabling Pacific white shrimp to adapt to environmental stress. This provides mechanistic insight into how autophagy functions as a way for Pacific white shrimp to cope with environmental challenges.

自噬是生物进化过程中对环境压力的一种基本反应机制。DRAM2（损伤调控自噬调节因子 2）被认为是 p53 介导的细胞凋亡过程所必需的。尽管 DRAM2 在细胞凋亡中的作用已被证实，但其与自噬的关系机制仍不清楚。在此，我们描述了 PvDRAM2 的特征和功能。我们发现亚硝酸盐应激会诱导自噬积累和 ROS 生成。我们克隆了一种新的 DRAM 同源蛋白 DRAM2，它的表达在亚硝酸盐胁迫条件下显著上调。PvDRAM2主要定位于细胞质溶酶体内。沉默 PvDRAM2 会促进 ROS 的产生并抑制自噬的积累。此外，在亚硝酸盐胁迫下，沉默的PvDRAM2会降低自噬相关蛋白p62、Beclin 1和LC3的表达。总之，这些研究发现了PvDRAM2在亚硝酸盐胁迫下调节自噬的新的关键作用。具体来说，PvDRAM2 是诱导自噬的关键，使太平洋白对虾能够适应环境胁迫。这从机理上揭示了自噬如何作为太平洋白对虾应对环境挑战的一种方式。

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引用次数: 0

Understanding the effects of perfluorobutane sulfonate in zebrafish larvae model (Danio rerio): Insights into potential ecotoxicological risks and human health 了解全氟丁烷磺酸对斑马鱼幼鱼模型（Danio rerio）的影响：洞察潜在的生态毒理学风险和人类健康。

IF 3.9 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology

Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110069

Jenila John Santhi , Ajay Guru , Mohammed Rafi Shaik , Shaik Althaf Hussain , Praveen Kumar Issac

Perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS) is a synthetic organic molecule that belongs to the per and polyfluoroalkyl substances family. Due to its unique physicochemical characteristics, PFBS has been extensively used in consumer products and industries. However, its increasing usage and chemical stability cause environmental pollution and bioaccumulation. The toxicological effects of PFBS were not well studied. In this study, the impact of PFBS on zebrafish embryos was evaluated. PFBS (1000–1500 μM) exposure exhibited increased mortality and malformation in a concentration-dependent manner. After 96 hour post-fertilization of PFBS exposure, the LC50 was estimated to be 1378 μM. Furthermore, PFBS (1.4, 14, 140, 1400 μM) exposure significantly increases oxidative stress by suppressing antioxidant levels. Locomotor behavior analysis revealed that PFBS exposure caused locomotor changes in zebrafish larvae. Acetylcholine esterase activity was also reduced in the PFBS-exposed groups. Gene expression study showed that PFBS exposure downregulated the antioxidant gene expression in zebrafish larvae. Overall, the current study reveals that PFBS can trigger oxidative stress-induced apoptosis by reducing antioxidant activity in zebrafish larvae.

全氟丁烷磺酸（PFBS）是一种合成有机分子，属于全氟和多氟烷基物质家族。由于其独特的物理化学特性，PFBS 已被广泛应用于消费品和工业领域。然而，其用量的增加和化学稳定性造成了环境污染和生物累积。对全氟辛烷磺酸的毒理学影响研究不多。本研究评估了 PFBS 对斑马鱼胚胎的影响。暴露于 1000-1500 μM 的 PFBS 会增加死亡率和畸形率，且呈浓度依赖性。受精后 96 小时接触 PFBS 后，半数致死浓度估计为 1378 μM。此外，接触 PFBS（1.4、14、140、1400 μM）会抑制抗氧化剂水平，从而显著增加氧化应激。运动行为分析表明，暴露于 PFBS 会导致斑马鱼幼体的运动变化。PFBS暴露组的乙酰胆碱酯酶活性也有所降低。基因表达研究表明，暴露于 PFBS 会降低斑马鱼幼体中抗氧化基因的表达。总之，本研究揭示了 PFBS 可通过降低斑马鱼幼体的抗氧化活性来引发氧化应激诱导的细胞凋亡。

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引用次数: 0

Pitfalls in measuring solution toxicity using the level of bioluminescence inhibition in Aliivibrio fischeri 利用鲍曼不动杆菌的生物发光抑制水平测量溶液毒性的误区。

IF 3.9 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology

Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110067

Cheng-Kun He , Ming-Chun Hung , Chong-Hao Hxu , Yi-Hsien Hsieh , Yung-Sheng Lin

Toxic emission from industrial activity is a serious problem, particularly with regard to the quality of water. Thus, the ISO 11348-3 standard for assessing water quality has been established. This method is used to determine solution toxicity from the bioluminescence inhibition of Aliivibrio fischeri. However, the accuracy of measurements is influenced by the selection of individual reaction time points. This study explores the utility of the area under the curve (AUC) method in water quality detection and evaluates how A. fischeri responds to three toxicants, namely ethanol, acetone, and zinc sulfate, over time. The half-maximal effective concentrations of these three substances were found to be 10.13 %, 5.02 %, and 19.49 mg/L, respectively. Compared with the results from individual reaction time point assessments, the results of AUC comprehensively captured the effects of the toxicants, including time-dependent effects and hormetic effects, by capturing dynamic changes under different toxicant concentrations and reaction times. Therefore, AUC analysis mitigates the pitfalls associated with individual reaction times and provides a more accurate and reliable assessment method for water quality detection, contributing to a better understanding of the impact of toxic substances on aquatic environments.

工业活动的有毒排放是一个严重的问题，尤其是在水质方面。因此，制定了 ISO 11348-3 水质评估标准。该方法用于通过抑制弗氏阿里弧菌的生物发光来确定溶液毒性。然而，测量的准确性受单个反应时间点选择的影响。本研究探讨了曲线下面积（AUC）法在水质检测中的实用性，并评估了鱼腥藻如何随着时间的推移对乙醇、丙酮和硫酸锌这三种毒性物质做出反应。结果发现，这三种物质的半最大有效浓度分别为 10.13%、5.02% 和 19.49 mg/L。与单个反应时间点的评估结果相比，AUC 的结果通过捕捉不同毒物浓度和反应时间下的动态变化，全面捕捉了毒物的影响，包括时间依赖效应和激素效应。因此，AUC 分析可减少单个反应时间带来的缺陷，为水质检测提供更准确可靠的评估方法，有助于更好地了解有毒物质对水生环境的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Assessing antioxidant responses in C6 and U-87 MG cell lines exposed to high copper levels 评估暴露于高浓度铜的 C6 和 U-87 MG 细胞系的抗氧化反应。

IF 3.9 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology

Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110065

Lara Stoeberl , Madson Silveira de Melo , Letícia Cordeiro Koppe de França , Lorena Aparecida de Souza , Roberta de Cássia Panazzollo , Aline Pertile Remor , Viviane Glaser

Copper excess has been tested as an anticancer therapy, due to its properties to generate oxidative stress resulting in tumoral cell death. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of copper excess on oxidative stress and antioxidant responses in glioma cells, establishing the antioxidant system as a target of copper toxicity in tumoral cells. C6 and U-87 MG cells were exposed to CuSO₄ (0–600 μM) for 24-48 h. SOD, CAT, GPx, GR, and CK activities, protein and non-protein thiol levels (PSH and NPSH), and O₂⁻ production were assessed, alongside SOD1, GPx1, and GR gene expression. Results revealed a decrease in GPx, GR, and CAT activity after CuSO₄ exposure in both cell lines over 24-48 h, while SOD activity initially increased, then declined after 48 h. CK activity was also decreased in C6 cells. NPSH and PSH levels dropped after 24 h, and O₂⁻ production was observed in all CuSO₄ concentrations. GR mRNA was reduced in both cell lines, contrasting with increased GPx1 mRNA in C6. U-87 MG cells exhibited higher levels of SOD1 mRNA, while C6 cells displayed lower expression. Our findings suggest that copper excess limits antioxidant enzyme activity and thiol levels, particularly in the C6 cells, likely attributable to oxidative stress or direct copper-enzyme interactions. Moreover, our results imply differences in copper toxicity regarding the cell lineage used, highlighting the importance of analyzing high copper levels effects in different models. Moreover, it could be proposed that the antioxidant system is a target of copper toxicity, contributing to glioma cell death.

铜过量会产生氧化应激，导致肿瘤细胞死亡，因此已被测试为一种抗癌疗法。因此，本研究旨在评估铜过量对胶质瘤细胞氧化应激和抗氧化反应的影响，将抗氧化系统确定为肿瘤细胞铜毒性的靶点。将 C6 和 U-87 MG 细胞暴露于 CuSO4（0-600 μM）24-48 小时。在评估 SOD1、GPx1 和 GR 基因表达的同时，还评估了 SOD、CAT、GPx、GR 和 CK 活性、蛋白质和非蛋白质硫醇水平（PSH 和 NPSH）以及 O2-产生情况。结果显示，在接触 CuSO4 24-48 小时后，两种细胞系的 GPx、GR 和 CAT 活性都有所下降，而 SOD 活性最初有所上升，48 小时后又有所下降。C6 细胞中的 CK 活性也有所下降。24 小时后，NPSH 和 PSH 水平下降，在所有 CuSO4 浓度下都观察到 O2-产生。两种细胞系的 GR mRNA 都减少了，而 C6 细胞的 GPx1 mRNA 则增加了。U-87 MG 细胞的 SOD1 mRNA 水平较高，而 C6 细胞的表达较低。我们的研究结果表明，铜过量限制了抗氧化酶活性和硫醇水平，尤其是在C6细胞中，这可能归因于氧化应激或铜与酶的直接相互作用。此外，我们的研究结果表明，铜的毒性因所使用的细胞系而异，这凸显了在不同模型中分析高浓度铜效应的重要性。此外，可以认为抗氧化系统是铜毒性的一个靶点，导致了胶质瘤细胞的死亡。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of lead on photosynthetic pigments, antioxidant responses, metabolomics, thalli morphology and cell ultrastructure of Iridaea cordata (Rhodophyta) from Antarctica 铅对南极 Iridaea cordata（红藻纲）光合色素、抗氧化反应、代谢组学、叶片形态和细胞超微结构的影响。

IF 3.9 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology

Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110063

Riccardo Trentin , Ilaria Nai , Sophia Schumann , Gianfranco Santovito , Emanuela Moschin , Luísa Custódio , Isabella Moro

Over the past decades, the concern about lead pollution in marine environments has increased due to its remarkable toxicity, even at low concentrations. Lead is one of the significant contaminants arising from human activities in Antarctica. However, its effects on polar photosynthetic organisms are poorly known. This work aims to evaluate the effects of two different environmental concentrations of lead (10 μg/L and 50 μg/L) on pigment content, antioxidant enzyme activities (catalase, superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione–S–transferase), metabolome, thalli morphology and cell ultrastructure of the red seaweed Iridaea cordata (Turner) Bory from Terra Nova Bay (Ross Sea, Antarctica). The results highlighted that lead exposure decreased phycocyanin and phycoerythrin content, starting from 10 μg/L, while induced carotenoid accumulation at 50 μg/L. Catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase activities generally increased after lead exposure and distinct biochemical features were identified in the control and treatment groups. Further lead–related effects on cell ultrastructure comprised floridean starch accumulation and plastoglobuli formation. Overall, our results suggested that the enhanced formation of reactive oxygen species in response to lead altered the photosynthetic pigment pattern, antioxidant defenses, metabolome and ultrastructure of I. cordata.

在过去的几十年里，由于铅即使在低浓度下也具有显著的毒性，人们对海洋环境中铅污染的关注与日俱增。铅是南极洲人类活动产生的重要污染物之一。然而，人们对其对极地光合生物的影响知之甚少。本研究旨在评估两种不同环境浓度的铅（10 μg/L 和 50 μg/L）对 Terra Nova 海湾（南极洲罗斯海）红藻 Iridaea cordata (Turner) Bory 的色素含量、抗氧化酶活性（过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶和谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶）、代谢组、藻体形态和细胞超微结构的影响。结果表明，从 10 μg/L 开始，铅暴露会降低藻蓝蛋白和藻红蛋白的含量，而在 50 μg/L 时会诱导类胡萝卜素的积累。铅暴露后，过氧化氢酶、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶和超氧化物歧化酶的活性普遍升高，对照组和处理组的生化特征截然不同。铅对细胞超微结构的进一步影响包括花生淀粉积累和质体形成。总之，我们的研究结果表明，活性氧的形成对铅的反应增强，改变了灯心草的光合色素模式、抗氧化防御能力、代谢组和超微结构。

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引用次数: 0

Tire rubber-derived contaminant 6PPD had the potential to induce metabolism disorder in early developmental stage of zebrafish 源自轮胎橡胶的污染物 6PPD 有可能诱发斑马鱼早期发育阶段的代谢紊乱

IF 3.9 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology

Pub Date : 2024-10-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110062

Fang Chanlin , Di Shanshan , Wang Caihong , Hu Qinglian , Jin Yuanxiang

The increasing release of tire-derived particles, particularly those containing N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N′-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6PPD), into the environment has raised concerns regarding their ecological impact. This study aims to elucidate the toxicological effects of 6PPD on the metabolism in early developmental stage of zebrafish. Larval zebrafish were exposed to 10 and 100 μg/L 6PPD, and some endpoints in biochemical parameters, gene expression, and metabolism were analyzed. The results showed that 6PPD exposure disrupted glucolipid metabolism in zebrafish larvae, evidenced by increased triglyceride (TG) levels and decreased glucose content. Nile red staining indicated significant lipid accumulation in the liver and intestines. Additionally, RT-qPCR analysis revealed the upregulation of genes involved in lipid synthesis and metabolism, such as ppar-γ and fas, and downregulation of glycolysis-related genes like pk and gk. Furthermore, the untargeted metabolomics technique was used to identify a total of 220 differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) with changes in amino acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, and the TCA cycle. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis highlighted disruptions mainly in Taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, Arginine and proline metabolism, and Histidine metabolism, which played very important roles on energy metabolism in zebrafish. The results provided some critical insights into the ecological risks associated with 6PPD.

越来越多的轮胎衍生颗粒，尤其是含有 N-（1,3-二甲基丁基）-N′-苯基-对苯二胺（6PPD）的轮胎衍生颗粒被释放到环境中，引起了人们对其生态影响的关注。本研究旨在阐明 6PPD 对斑马鱼早期发育阶段代谢的毒理影响。将幼体斑马鱼暴露于 10 和 100 μg/L 的 6PPD 中，分析其生化指标、基因表达和新陈代谢的一些终点。结果表明，暴露于 6PPD 会破坏斑马鱼幼体的糖脂代谢，表现为甘油三酯（TG）水平升高和葡萄糖含量降低。尼罗河红染色表明，肝脏和肠道中存在大量脂质积累。此外，RT-qPCR 分析显示，参与脂质合成和代谢的基因（如 ppar-γ 和 fas）上调，而糖酵解相关基因（如 pk 和 gk）下调。此外，利用非靶向代谢组学技术，共鉴定出 220 个差异表达代谢物（DEMs），这些代谢物涉及氨基酸代谢、脂质代谢和 TCA 循环。KEGG 通路富集分析显示，斑马鱼的能量代谢主要受牛磺酸和低牛磺酸代谢、精氨酸和脯氨酸代谢以及组氨酸代谢的干扰，而这些代谢对斑马鱼的能量代谢起着非常重要的作用。研究结果为了解与 6PPD 相关的生态风险提供了一些重要启示。

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引用次数: 0

Probing the interaction mechanisms between three β-lactam antibiotics and penicillin-binding proteins of Escherichia coli by molecular dynamics simulations 通过分子动力学模拟探索三种β-内酰胺类抗生素与大肠杆菌青霉素结合蛋白之间的相互作用机制。

IF 3.9 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology

Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110057

Yuanfan Zhao, Jin Zhang, Yixin Gui, Guangzhen Ji, Xianhuai Huang, Fazhi Xie, Huiyan Shen

The presence of antibiotic residues in the aquatic environments poses great potential risks to the aquatic organisms, and even human health. Elucidating the interaction mechanisms between antibiotics and biomacromolecules is crucial for accurately assessing and preventing their potential risks. Therefore, the toxicity of three beta-lactam antibiotics on Escherichia coli (E. coli) was investigated by using the time-dependent toxicity microplate analysis method in this study. Then, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation technologies were used to elucidate the potential molecular interactions between β-lactam antibiotics and penicillin-binding proteins of E. coli, and their correlation with the physical and chemical behaviors observed in the physiological and biochemical experiments. The results show that three antibiotics exert inhibitory effects on E. coli cells by modifying their membrane permeability, and even more severe cell damage including rupture, wrinkling, adhesion, indentation, elongation and size alterations. But, toxic effect of the three antibiotics on E. coli varies, and toxicity order is followed by meropenem > cefoperazone > amoxicillin. Van der Waals forces play a vital role in the molecular interactions between the three antibiotics penicillin binding protein of E. coli and the sequence of binding free energy is consistent with the observed toxicity order. Shape compensation is the principal determinant for the binding of antibiotics to penicillin binding proteins, which pertains to the drug-induced alteration in the three-dimensional conformation of penicillin binding proteins.

水生环境中存在的抗生素残留物对水生生物甚至人类健康都构成了巨大的潜在风险。阐明抗生素与生物大分子之间的相互作用机制对于准确评估和预防其潜在风险至关重要。因此，本研究采用时间依赖性毒性微孔板分析方法研究了三种β-内酰胺类抗生素对大肠杆菌（E. coli）的毒性。然后，利用分子对接和分子动力学模拟技术阐明了β-内酰胺类抗生素与大肠杆菌青霉素结合蛋白之间潜在的分子相互作用及其与生理生化实验中观察到的理化行为的相关性。结果表明，三种抗生素通过改变大肠杆菌细胞膜的通透性对其产生抑制作用，甚至会造成更严重的细胞损伤，包括破裂、皱缩、粘连、压痕、伸长和大小改变。但是，三种抗生素对大肠杆菌的毒性作用各不相同，毒性顺序依次为美罗培南 > 头孢哌酮 > 阿莫西林。范德华力在大肠杆菌的三种抗生素青霉素结合蛋白之间的分子相互作用中起着重要作用，结合自由能的顺序与观察到的毒性顺序一致。形状补偿是抗生素与青霉素结合蛋白结合的主要决定因素，它与药物引起的青霉素结合蛋白三维构象的改变有关。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of water immersion on immune, intestinal flora and metabolome of Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) after air exposure 水浸对中华绒螯蟹暴露于空气后的免疫、肠道菌群和代谢组的影响

IF 3.9 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology

Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110060

Xiangyi Deng , Zhiqiang Li , Liang Luo , Shihui Wang , Rui Zhang , Kun Guo , Guo Qiao , Yuhong Yang , Zhigang Zhao

Air exposure stress can induce stress response of Eriocheir sinensis and affect its normal life activities. The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of water immersion on the recovery of hepatopancreas immune-related enzyme activity, intestinal microbial diversity and metabolic level of Chinese mitten crabs after exposure to air. The results show that immersion can effectively alleviate the adverse effects of air exposure on the antioxidant capacity and immune capacity of Chinese mitten crabs, and the longer the time of immersion, the more obvious the recovery effect. Among them, the levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase significantly increased after exposure to air (P < 0.05), reached a peak at 3 h, began to decline after immersion, and returned to a level close to the initial value at 24 h (P < 0.05). In addition, after exposure to air, the glucose and total cholesterol in haemolymph of Eriocheir sinensis were significantly different from the initial values (P < 0.05), gradually recovered to the initial level after re-immersion. However, changes in intestinal flora and hepatopancreas metabolism caused by air exposure did not fully recover after water exposure, and its negative effects did not completely disappear. The sequencing results showed that the species composition and diversity of intestinal microorganisms of Chinese mitten crab changed after air exposure and immersion treatment. The relative abundance of Actinomycetes increased significantly, while that of Proteobacteria and Firmicutes decreased significantly. Metabolomics analysis showed that air exposure and immersion destroyed the metabolic balance of amino acids and carnitine, reduced the level of carnitine metabolism, hindered the absorption of nutrients, and led to the accumulation of harmful substances.

空气暴露应激可诱导中华绒螯蟹产生应激反应，影响其正常生命活动。本研究旨在探讨浸水对中华绒螯蟹暴露于空气后肝胰腺免疫相关酶活性、肠道微生物多样性和代谢水平恢复的影响。结果表明，浸泡能有效缓解空气暴露对中华绒螯蟹抗氧化能力和免疫能力的不利影响，且浸泡时间越长，恢复效果越明显。其中，天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶、丙氨酸氨基转移酶、碱性磷酸酶和酸性磷酸酶水平在暴露于空气中后明显升高（P

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引用次数: 0

Ferulic acid alleviates cardiac injury by inhibiting avermectin-induced oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis 阿魏酸可抑制阿维菌素诱导的氧化应激、炎症和细胞凋亡，从而减轻心脏损伤。

IF 3.9 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology

Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110058

Qiao Wang , Shasha Zhang , Jiahao Ding , Zhiqiang Zhang , Xinxuan Li , Yuxin Chen , Yangye Zhu , Danping Zeng , Jingquan Dong , Yi Liu

Avermectin (AVM) is a broad-spectrum antibiotic from the macrolide class, extensively employed in fisheries and aquaculture. Nevertheless, its indiscriminate utilisation has resulted in a substantial accumulation of remnants in the aquatic ecosystem, potentially inflicting significant harm to the cardiovascular system of aquatic species. Ferulic acid (FA) is a naturally occurring compound in wheat grain husks. It possesses potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, which can help reduce cardiovascular damage. Additionally, its affordability makes it an excellent option for aquaculture usage as a feed additive. This article explored the potential of FA as a feed additive to protect against AVM-induced heart damage in carp. We subjected carp to AVM for 30 days and provided them with a diet of 400 mg/kg of FA. FA substantially reduced the pathogenic damage to heart tissue caused by AVM, as shown through hematoxylin-eosin staining. The biochemical analysis revealed that FA markedly enhanced the activity of antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) while reducing the malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Furthermore, qPCR analysis demonstrated a substantial increase in the mRNA levels of transforming growth factor-β1 (tgf-β1) and interleukin-10 (il-10) simultaneously, significantly reducing the expression levels of interleukin-10 (il-6), interleukin-1β (il-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (tnf-α) and inductible nitric oxide synthase (inos). Through the mitochondrial apoptotic route, FA reduced AVM-induced cell death in carp heart cells by upregulating bcl-2 while downregulating the mRNA expression levels of bax, fas, caspase8 and caspase9. In summary, FA alleviated cardiac injury by inhibiting AVM-induced oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and apoptosis in carp heart tissue.

阿维菌素（AVM）是一种大环内酯类广谱抗生素，被广泛用于渔业和水产养殖业。然而，对它的滥用导致其残留物在水生生态系统中大量积累，可能对水生物种的心血管系统造成严重危害。阿魏酸（FA）是一种天然存在于小麦谷壳中的化合物。它具有强大的抗炎和抗氧化特性，有助于减少对心血管的损害。此外，FA 价格低廉，是水产养殖中用作饲料添加剂的极佳选择。本文探讨了 FA 作为饲料添加剂保护鲤鱼免受 AVM 引起的心脏损伤的潜力。我们对鲤鱼进行了为期 30 天的反车辆地雷实验，并为其提供了每公斤含 400 毫克 FA 的饲料。苏木精-伊红染色显示，FA 能显著降低 AVM 对心脏组织造成的致病性损伤。生化分析表明，FA 显著提高了抗氧化酶过氧化氢酶（CAT）、谷胱甘肽（GSH）和总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）的活性，同时降低了丙二醛（MDA）的含量。此外，qPCR 分析表明，转化生长因子-β1（tgf-β1）和白细胞介素-10（il-10）的 mRNA 水平同时大幅提高，白细胞介素-10（il-6）、白细胞介素-1β（il-1β）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（tnf-α）和可诱导一氧化氮合酶（inos）的表达水平显著降低。通过线粒体凋亡途径，FA 上调了 bcl-2 的表达，同时下调了 bax、fas、caspase8 和 caspase9 的 mRNA 表达水平，从而减少了 AVM 诱导的鲤鱼心脏细胞死亡。总之，FA 通过抑制 AVM 诱导的鲤鱼心脏组织氧化应激、炎症反应和细胞凋亡，减轻了心脏损伤。

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引用次数: 0

Quercetin, the new stress buster: Investigating the transcriptional and behavioral effects of this flavonoid on multiple stressors using Lymnaea stagnalis 槲皮素，新的压力克星：利用滞育鳗研究这种类黄酮对多种压力的转录和行为影响。

IF 3.9 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology

Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110053

Veronica Rivi , Anuradha Batabyal , Cristina Benatti , Fabio Tascedda , Johanna Maria Catharina Blom , Ken Lukowiak

Growing evidence suggests that a flavonoid-rich diet can prevent or reverse the effects of stressors, although the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. One common and abundant flavonoid found in numerous foods is quercetin. This study utilizes the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis, a valid model organism for learning and memory, and a simple but robust learning paradigm—operant conditioning of aerial respiration—to explore the behavioral and transcriptional effects of different stressors on snails' cognitive functions and to investigate whether quercetin exposure can prevent stress effects on learning and memory formation. Our findings demonstrate that three different stressors—severe food deprivation, lipopolysaccharide injection (an inflammatory challenge), and fluoride exposure (a neurotoxic agent)—block memory formation for operant conditioning and affect the expression levels of key targets related to stress response, energy balance, and immune response in the snails' central ring ganglia. Remarkably, exposing snails to quercetin for 1 h before stress presentation prevents these effects at both the behavioral and transcriptional levels, demonstrating the potent stress-preventive properties of quercetin. Despite the evolutionary distance from humans, L. stagnalis has proven to be a valuable model for studying conserved mechanisms by which bioactive compounds like quercetin mitigate the adverse effects of various stressors on cognitive functions across species. Moreover, these findings offer insights into quercetin's potential for mitigating stress-induced physiological and cognitive impairments.

越来越多的证据表明，富含类黄酮的饮食可以预防或逆转压力因素的影响，尽管人们对其基本机制仍知之甚少。槲皮素是众多食物中常见且含量丰富的类黄酮。本研究利用池塘蜗牛（Lymnaea stagnalis）这一有效的学习和记忆模型生物，以及一个简单但强大的学习范式--空中呼吸操作条件--来探讨不同应激源对蜗牛认知功能的行为和转录影响，并研究暴露于槲皮素是否能预防应激源对学习和记忆形成的影响。我们的研究结果表明，三种不同的应激源--严重的食物剥夺、脂多糖注射（一种炎症挑战）和氟化物暴露（一种神经毒剂）--会阻碍操作性条件反射记忆的形成，并影响蜗牛中央环神经节中与应激反应、能量平衡和免疫反应相关的关键靶点的表达水平。值得注意的是，在蜗牛出现应激反应之前让其接触槲皮素1小时，可以在行为和转录水平上防止这些影响，这证明了槲皮素具有强大的应激预防特性。尽管与人类在进化过程中相距甚远，但事实证明，滞游蟾蜍是研究槲皮素等生物活性化合物减轻各种应激因素对不同物种认知功能的不利影响的保守机制的宝贵模型。此外，这些发现还让人们了解到槲皮素在减轻压力引起的生理和认知障碍方面的潜力。

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引用次数: 0