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Adverse effects of thimerosal on the early life stages of zebrafish 硫柳汞对斑马鱼早期生命阶段的不利影响。
IF 3.9 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110046
Lixia Li , Kejun Dong , LeYan Li , Qingchen Li , Youqin Su , Chenrui Zong
Thimerosal (THI) is an organic mercury compound that is widely used in drugs, vaccines and antibacterial products. Its extensive production and use have resulted in significant environmental contamination, posing a considerable threat to aquatic life. However, the knowledge of the toxicity of THI to aquatic organisms is still insufficient. In this study, we conducted a 5-day THI exposure experiment using zebrafish, from 0 to 5 days post fertilization (dpf). The possible adverse effects of THI on the early-life stages of zebrafish were explored by investigating variations in their physiological parameters, behavioral traits, and neurotransmitter levels. The results showed THI exhibited significant developmental toxicity to aquatic organisms. Exposure to THI significantly induced serious malformation (at 50 μg/L), accelerated hatching, and elevated heart rate (at 5 and 50 μg/L). The behavioral traits of zebrafish larvae had an increased first and then decreased relationship with increasing concentration of THI, which induced hyperactivity at 0.5 μg/L but opposite at 50 μg/L. Furthermore, exposure to 50 μg/L THI significantly raised levels of 5-HT, 5-HIAA, DA, DOPAC and ACH in zebrafish larvae. In addition, several significant correlations between behavioral traits and the neurotransmitter contents were detected, which seemed to reveal an important mechanism of the neurobehavioral toxicity of THI to fish.
硫柳汞(THI)是一种有机汞化合物,广泛用于药物、疫苗和抗菌产品中。它的广泛生产和使用造成了严重的环境污染,对水生生物构成了相当大的威胁。然而,人们对 THI 对水生生物毒性的了解仍然不足。在本研究中,我们使用斑马鱼进行了为期 5 天的 THI 暴露实验,实验时间从受精后 0 天到 5 天 (dpf)。通过研究斑马鱼生理参数、行为特征和神经递质水平的变化,探讨了 THI 对生命早期阶段斑马鱼可能产生的不利影响。结果表明,THI 对水生生物具有明显的发育毒性。暴露于 THI 会明显诱发严重畸形(浓度为 50 μg/L)、孵化加速和心率升高(浓度为 5 和 50 μg/L)。斑马鱼幼体的行为特征与 THI 浓度的增加呈先增后减的关系,在 0.5 μg/L 浓度下,THI 会诱发多动症,但在 50 μg/L 浓度下则相反。此外,暴露于 50 μg/L THI 会显著提高斑马鱼幼体中的 5-羟色胺、5-HIAA、DA、DOPAC 和 ACH 水平。此外,还发现了行为特征与神经递质含量之间的一些重要相关性,这似乎揭示了 THI 对鱼类神经行为毒性的一个重要机制。
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引用次数: 0
Environmental toxicology of microplastic particles on fish: A review 微塑料颗粒对鱼类的环境毒理学:综述。
IF 3.9 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110042
Mahdi Banaee , Cristiana Roberta Multisanti , Federica Impellitteri , Giuseppe Piccione , Caterina Faggio
The increase in plastic debris and its environmental impact has been a major concern for scientists. Physical destruction, chemical reactions, and microbial activity can degrade plastic waste into particles smaller than 5 mm, known as microplastics (MPs). MPs may eventually enter aquatic ecosystems through surface runoff. The accumulation of MPs in aquatic environments poses a potential threat to finfish, shellfish, and the ecological balance. This study investigated the effect of MP exposure on freshwater and marine fish. MPs could cause significant harm to fish, including physical damage, death, inflammation, oxidative stress, disruption of cell signalling and cellular biochemical processes, immune system suppression, genetic damage, and reduction in fish growth and reproduction rates. The activation of the detoxification system of fish exposed to MPs may be associated with the toxicity of MPs and chemical additives to plastic polymers. Furthermore, MPs can enhance the bioavailability of other xenobiotics, allowing these harmful substances to more easily enter and accumulate in fish. Accumulation of MPs and associated chemicals in fish can have adverse effects on the fish and humans who consume them, with these toxic substances magnifying as they move up the food chain. Changes in migration and reproduction patterns and disruptions in predator-prey relationships in fish exposed to MPs can significantly affect ecological dynamics. These interconnected changes can lead to cascading effects throughout aquatic ecosystems. Thus, implementing solutions like reducing plastic production, enhancing recycling efforts, using biodegradable materials, and improving waste management is essential to minimize plastic waste and its environmental impact.
塑料垃圾的增加及其对环境的影响一直是科学家们关注的主要问题。物理破坏、化学反应和微生物活动可将塑料垃圾降解为小于 5 毫米的颗粒,即所谓的微塑料(MPs)。微塑料最终会通过地表径流进入水生生态系统。MPs 在水生环境中的积累对鱼类、贝类和生态平衡构成潜在威胁。本研究调查了接触 MP 对淡水鱼和海水鱼的影响。MPs 可对鱼类造成严重危害,包括身体损伤、死亡、炎症、氧化应激、细胞信号和细胞生化过程破坏、免疫系统抑制、遗传损伤以及鱼类生长和繁殖率降低。鱼类接触 MPs 后,解毒系统会被激活,这可能与 MPs 和塑料聚合物化学添加剂的毒性有关。此外,MPs 还能提高其他异种生物的生物利用率,使这些有害物质更容易进入鱼类体内并在鱼类体内积累。MPs 和相关化学物质在鱼类体内的积累会对鱼类和食用鱼类的人类产生不利影响,这些有毒物质会随着食物链的上升而放大。鱼类暴露于 MPs 后,其洄游和繁殖模式会发生变化,捕食者与猎物之间的关系也会受到破坏,从而严重影响生态动态。这些相互关联的变化会对整个水生生态系统产生连带效应。因此,实施减少塑料生产、加强回收利用、使用可生物降解材料和改善废物管理等解决方案,对于最大限度地减少塑料废物及其对环境的影响至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Biochemical and toxicological characteristics of polyphenol oxidase from red palm weevil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) 红掌象鼻虫 Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) 多酚氧化酶的生物化学和毒理学特征。
IF 3.9 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110044
Manal M.E. Ghanem, Ahmed M. Abd-Elaziz, Magda A. Mohamed
Red palm weevil (RPW) Rhynchophorus ferrugineus is the most destructive insect pests of numerous palm species in the world. The introduction of botanical extract(s) as integral part of an integrated pest management (IPM) programs against RPW will reduce the use of chemical insecticides. Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) is one of the RPW innate immune mechanisms and inhibition of such enzyme could result in a disorder of the insect's immune system. A one single PO isoenzyme has been purified from the hemolymph of the 12th instar larvae of RPW. Using L-DOPA as substrate, R. ferrugineus PPO exhibited specific activity 428 Units/mg proteins with 8.3-fold purification, optimum pH and temperature for activity at 7.5 and 40 °C, respectively and is enhanced by Cu2+ with 1.76-fold. The rank order for oxidizing R. ferrugineus PPO different substrates is catechol > pyrogallol > L-DOPA > pyrocatechuic acid and not tyrosine. The kinetic parameters Km, Vmax and Vmax/Km for L-DOPA are 3.3 mM, 1.3 μmol/ml/min, and 0.39, respectively. The catalytic efficiency of the enzyme towards catechol is 5.3-fold higher than that for L-DOPA. The enzyme completely inhibited by thiourea, ascorbic acid, dithiothreitol, and SDS. R. ferrugineus PPO is a catechol oxidase di-phenol: O2 oxidoreductase. Based on the toxicological studies of various botanical extracts, the IC50 ranged from 20 to 90 mg/ml. The enzyme completely inhibited by 50 mg/ml Cinnamomum camphora. Gallic acid, the major phenolic compound, has IC50 0.8 mM and competitively inhibited the enzyme with Ki 0.54 mM. C. camphora could be a useful natural RPW-controlling agent and used as integral part in IPM programs. This interpretation can be validated in future through an in vivo investigation.
红掌象鼻虫(RPW)Rhynchophorus ferrugineus 是世界上众多棕榈树品种中最具破坏性的害虫。引入植物提取物作为虫害综合防治(IPM)计划的组成部分,可以减少化学杀虫剂的使用。多酚氧化酶(PPO)是 RPW 固有的免疫机制之一,抑制这种酶会导致昆虫免疫系统紊乱。研究人员从红腹锦鸡 12 龄幼虫的血淋巴中纯化出了一种单一的 PPO 同工酶。以 L-DOPA 为底物,铁锈蛛 PPO 的特异性活性为 428 单位/毫克蛋白质,纯度为 8.3 倍,活性的最佳 pH 值和温度分别为 7.5 和 40 °C,Cu2+ 可使其活性增强 1.76 倍。铁锈色葡萄球菌 PPO 氧化不同底物的顺序是儿茶酚 > 焦枯醇 > L-DOPA > 焦儿茶酸,而不是酪氨酸。L-DOPA 的动力学参数 Km、Vmax 和 Vmax/Km 分别为 3.3 mM、1.3 μmol/ml/min 和 0.39。该酶对儿茶酚的催化效率是对 L-DOPA 催化效率的 5.3 倍。硫脲、抗坏血酸、二硫苏糖醇和 SDS 可完全抑制该酶。R. ferrugineus PPO 是一种儿茶酚氧化酶二酚:O2 氧化还原酶。根据对各种植物提取物的毒理学研究,其 IC50 介于 20 至 90 毫克/毫升之间。50 毫克/毫升的樟脑肉桂可完全抑制该酶。主要酚类化合物没食子酸的 IC50 值为 0.8 毫摩尔,对该酶的竞争性抑制 Ki 值为 0.54 毫摩尔。樟脑可能是一种有用的天然 RPW 控制剂,可作为 IPM 计划的组成部分。这一解释可在今后的体内研究中得到验证。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of exposure to 17α-methyltestosterone on hepatic lipid metabolism in Gobiocypris rarus 暴露于 17α- 甲基睾酮对豚鼠肝脂代谢的影响
IF 3.9 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110041
Tongyao Li , Zijun Xiong , Weiya Rong , Qiong Yang , Yue Chen , Haiyan Zhao , Qing Liu , Jing Song , Weiwei Wang , Yu Liu , Xianzong Wang , Shaozhen Liu

This study aimed to investigate the effects of 17α-Methyltestosterone (MT) on hepatic lipid metabolism in Gobiocypris rarus. G. rarus was exposed to varying concentrations of MT (0, 25, 50, and 100 ng/L) for durations of 7, 14, and 21 d. Biochemical and transcriptomic analyses were conducted using methods, such as ELISA, RT-qPCR, Western Blotting, and RNA-seq, to decipher the key signals and molecular mechanisms triggered by MT in vivo. The results revealed that MT induced hepatomegaly in G. rarus and markedly increased the hepatic steatosis index (HSI). After 14 d of exposure, significant increase in PPARγ mRNA expression was observed, whereas after 21 d, PPARα mRNA expression was significantly reduced. The expression pattern of SREBP1C mRNA initially decreased before increasing, mirroring the trend observed for SREBP1C protein expression. Furthermore, MT increased the levels of key lipid synthesis enzymes, including HSL, CPT1, GPAT, and FAS, thereby fostering lipid accumulation. RNA-seq analysis revealed that MT modulated hepatic bile acid metabolism via the PPAR pathway, consequently influencing cholesterol and lipid metabolism. Considering the differential metabolic pathways of MT across genders, it is postulated that MT may undergo aromatization to estrogen within G. rarus, thereby exerting estrogenic effects. These findings provide crucial experimental insights into the detrimental effects of MT in aquatic settings, underscoring its implications for safeguarding aquatic organisms and human health.

本研究旨在探讨 17α-甲基睾酮(MT)对白疣梭子蟹肝脂代谢的影响。采用ELISA、RT-qPCR、Western Blotting和RNA-seq等方法进行生化和转录组分析,以解读MT在体内引发的关键信号和分子机制。结果表明,MT 会诱导 G. rarus 肝脏肿大,并显著增加肝脏脂肪变性指数(HSI)。暴露 14 d 后,PPARγ mRNA 表达明显增加,而 21 d 后,PPARα mRNA 表达明显减少。SREBP1C mRNA 的表达模式最初先降低后升高,与 SREBP1C 蛋白表达的趋势一致。此外,MT 提高了关键脂质合成酶的水平,包括 HSL、CPT1、GPAT 和 FAS,从而促进了脂质积累。RNA-seq分析显示,MT通过PPAR途径调节肝脏胆汁酸代谢,从而影响胆固醇和脂质代谢。考虑到 MT 在不同性别间的代谢途径不同,推测 MT 可能会在 G. rarus 内芳香化为雌激素,从而产生雌激素效应。这些发现为了解 MT 在水生环境中的有害影响提供了重要的实验启示,强调了 MT 对保护水生生物和人类健康的意义。
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引用次数: 0
Abamectin at environmentally relevant concentrations impairs bone development in zebrafish larvae 环境相关浓度的阿维菌素会损害斑马鱼幼体的骨骼发育
IF 3.9 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110039
Yuting Wang , Jiawen He , Min Li , Jiawen Xu , Hui Yang , Yingying Zhang

Abamectin (ABM) is a widely used pesticide in agriculture and veterinary medicine, which primarily acts by disrupting the neurological physiology of pests, leading to their paralysis and death. Its extensive application has resulted in contamination of many natural water bodies. While the adverse effects of ABM on the growth and development of non-target organisms are well documented, its impact on bone development remains inadequately studied. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of ABM (1, 5, 25 μg/L) on early bone development in zebrafish. Our results indicated that ABM significantly affected both cartilage and bone development of zebrafish larvae, accompanied by dose-dependent increase in deformity and mortality rates, as well as exacerbated apoptosis. ABM exposure led to deformities in the ceratobranchial (cb) and hyosymplectic (hs), accompanied by significant increases in the length of the palatoquadrate (pq). Furthermore, significant decreases in the CH-CH angle, Meckel's-Meckel's angle, and Meckel's-PQ angle were noted. Even at the safe concentration of 5 μg/L (1/10 of the 96 h LC50), ABM delayed the process of bone mineralization in zebrafish larvae. Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR results demonstrated that ABM induced differential gene expression associated with cartilage and bone development in zebrafish. Thus, this study provides preliminary insights into the effects and molecular mechanisms underlying ABM's impact on the bone development of zebrafish larvae and offers new evidence for a better understanding of its toxicity.

阿维菌素(ABM)是一种广泛应用于农业和兽医领域的杀虫剂,其主要作用是破坏害虫的神经生理机能,导致害虫瘫痪和死亡。它的广泛应用已导致许多自然水体受到污染。虽然 ABM 对非目标生物的生长和发育产生的不利影响已被充分记录,但其对骨骼发育的影响仍未得到充分研究。本研究旨在探讨环境相关浓度的 ABM(1、5、25 μg/L)对斑马鱼早期骨骼发育的影响。结果表明,ABM 对斑马鱼幼体的软骨和骨骼发育均有明显影响,同时会导致畸形率和死亡率呈剂量依赖性增加,并加剧细胞凋亡。暴露于 ABM 会导致颚骨(cb)和腮骨(hs)畸形,同时腭舟骨(pq)的长度显著增加。此外,CH-CH 角、Meckel's-Meckel's 角和 Meckel's-PQ 角也明显减小。即使在 5 μg/L(96 小时半数致死浓度的 1/10)的安全浓度下,ABM 也能延迟斑马鱼幼体的骨矿化过程。实时荧光定量 PCR 结果表明,ABM 可诱导斑马鱼体内与软骨和骨骼发育相关的不同基因表达。因此,本研究初步揭示了 ABM 影响斑马鱼幼体骨骼发育的效应和分子机制,为更好地了解其毒性提供了新的证据。
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引用次数: 0
Time-restricted feeding modulates gene expression related with rhythm and inflammation in Mongolian gerbils 限时喂养可调节蒙古沙鼠体内与节律和炎症有关的基因表达。
IF 3.9 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110038
Lin Yang , Xi-Zhi Wang , Chen-Zhu Wang , De-Hua Wang , Zhen-Shan Wang , Xue-Ying Zhang

Time-restricted feeding (TRF) has the potential to modulate circadian rhythm and widely studied in humans and laboratory mice. However, less is known about the physiological responses to TRF in wild mammals. Here, we used Mongolian gerbils, Meriones unguiculatus, to explore the effect of 6-week TRF on gene expression related with circadian rhythm and inflammation. The TRF gerbils had higher cumulative food intake than the ad libitum (AL) group, but body mass, feeding frequency/time and metabolic rate did not differ between groups. In the hypothalamus, downregulation of rhythm-related genes Per3, Cry1 and Dbp was detected in the daytime-restricted feeding (DRF) group and Cry1 was downregulated in the nighttime-restricted feeding (NRF) group. In the liver, the expression of Per1/3, Rev-erbα/β and Dbp was lower, and Bmal1 was higher in the DRF than in AL group, while NRF gerbils showed no changes. In the colon, the expression of Bmal1 and Cry1 was higher but Per3, Rev-erbα/β and Dbp were lower in the DRF than in AL group. Further, the expression of inflammation-related genes such as NF-κB, IL-1β, IL-18 and Nlrp3 was lower in the liver of DRF gerbils, and IL-1β was lower both in the hypothalamus and liver of NRF gerbils. Moreover, the genes related with inflammation such as NF-κB, Nlrp3, IL-10/18/1β and Tnf-α were positively or negatively correlated with multiple rhythm-related genes in the central and peripheral organs. In conclusion, TRF, particularly DRF, could modulate rhythm-related genes in the central and peripheral tissues and reduce hepatic expression of inflammation-related genes in gerbils.

限时喂食(TRF)具有调节昼夜节律的潜力,并在人类和实验鼠身上得到广泛研究。然而,人们对野生哺乳动物对TRF的生理反应知之甚少。在这里,我们用蒙古沙鼠(Meriones unguiculatus)来探讨为期6周的TRF对昼夜节律和炎症相关基因表达的影响。与自由采食组相比,TRF组沙鼠的累积食物摄入量更高,但体重、采食频率/时间和代谢率在组间没有差异。在下丘脑中,日间限食(DRF)组发现昼夜节律基因Per3、Cry1和Dbp表达下调,而夜间限食(NRF)组发现Cry1表达下调。在肝脏中,DRF组Per1/3、Rev-erbα/β和Dbp的表达量低于AL组,Bmal1的表达量高于AL组,而NRF组沙鼠的表达量没有变化。在结肠中,DRF组的Bmal1和Cry1表达量高于AL组,但Per3、Rev-erbα/β和Dbp的表达量低于AL组。此外,炎症相关基因如NF-κB、IL-1β、IL-18和Nlrp3在DRF组沙鼠肝脏中的表达量较低,而IL-1β在NRF组沙鼠下丘脑和肝脏中的表达量均较低。此外,NF-κB、Nlrp3、IL-10/18/1β和Tnf-α等炎症相关基因与中枢和外周器官的多个节律相关基因呈正或负相关。总之,TRF(尤其是DRF)可以调节中枢和外周组织中的节律相关基因,减少沙鼠肝脏炎症相关基因的表达。
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引用次数: 0
Ammonia exposure impairs bone mineralization in zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae 氨暴露会影响斑马鱼(Danio rerio)幼体的骨矿化
IF 3.9 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110040
Jun-Yi Wang , Hsuan-Yi Hsu , Sian-Tai Liu , Chia-Hao Lin

Ammonia is a major pollutant of freshwater environments. Previous studies have indicated that ammonia exposure adversely affects the physiology of freshwater fish. However, its effect on bone mineralization in freshwater fish larvae remains unclear. In this study, zebrafish larvae were used as a model to investigate the effects of different ammonia levels (0, 2.5, 5, and 10 mM NH4Cl) on the survival rate, body length, and bone mineralization of fish. The survival rate of zebrafish embryos exposed to different NH4Cl concentrations for 8 days was not affected. In contrast, the body length and bone mineralization of zebrafish larvae at 8 days post fertilization (dpf) were significantly reduced at 5 and 10 mM NH4Cl exposure. Further investigations revealed that ammonia exposure decreased the mRNA expression of osteoblast-related genes and increased that of osteoclast-related genes. Additionally, exposure to 5 mM and 10 mM NH4Cl induced the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). 10 mM—but not 5 mM—NH4Cl exposure reduced the calcium and phosphorus content in 8 dpf zebrafish larvae. In conclusion, ammonia exposure induces bone resorption, while decreasing the calcium and phosphorus content of the whole body and bone formation, resulting in impaired bone mineralization in fish larvae.

氨是淡水环境中的一种主要污染物。以往的研究表明,接触氨气会对淡水鱼的生理产生不利影响。然而,氨对淡水鱼幼体骨矿化的影响仍不清楚。本研究以斑马鱼幼体为模型,研究不同氨氮水平(0、2.5、5 和 10 mM NH4Cl)对鱼类存活率、体长和骨矿化的影响。暴露在不同浓度 NH4Cl 中 8 天的斑马鱼胚胎的存活率未受影响。相反,斑马鱼幼体在受精后 8 天(dpf)的体长和骨矿化度在暴露于 5 毫摩尔和 10 毫摩尔 NH4Cl 时显著降低。进一步研究发现,暴露于氨气会降低成骨细胞相关基因的 mRNA 表达,增加破骨细胞相关基因的 mRNA 表达。此外,暴露于 5 mM 和 10 mM NH4Cl 会诱导活性氧(ROS)的产生。暴露于 10 mM 而非 5 mM NH4Cl 会降低斑马鱼 8 dpf 幼体中的钙和磷含量。总之,暴露于氨诱导骨吸收,同时降低全身的钙和磷含量以及骨形成,导致鱼类幼体骨矿化受损。
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引用次数: 0
Negative effects on the adaptive strategies of the lizards (Eremias argus) under starvation after exposure to Glufosinate-ammonium 暴露于草铵膦后,饥饿对蜥蜴(Eremias argus)适应策略的负面影响
IF 3.9 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110036
Luyao Zhang , Danyang Zhang , Bufan Xu , Yixuan Li , Jinling Diao

Herbicide exposure poses a higher risk to reptiles due to their frequent contact with soil. Besides, food restriction is also a common environmental pressure that can seriously affect the survival of reptiles. The adaptive strategies of reptiles in the face of emerging herbicide pollution and food shortage challenges are not yet known. Therefore, Eremias Argus (a kind of small reptile) was selected as the model to simulate the real scenario of food shortage in lizards, aiming to explore the comprehensive impact of glufosinate-ammonium (GLA: an emerging herbicide) and food restriction on lizards. The results revealed that lizards often regulate their physiological and biochemical activities through body thermal selection and tend to choose lower body temperature, reduce digestibility, and actively participate in fat energy mobilization to avoid oxidative damage in the state of hunger, finally in order to achieve homeostasis. However, herbicide GLA disrupted the lizards' efforts to resist the stress of food shortage and interfered with the normal thermoregulation and energy mobilization strategies of lizards facing starvation. The results of this study would improve our understanding of the impacts of Lizards under extreme stresses, help supplement reptile toxicology data and provide scientific basis for the risk assessment of herbicide GLA.

由于爬行动物经常接触土壤,接触除草剂对它们构成的风险更高。此外,食物限制也是严重影响爬行动物生存的常见环境压力。面对新出现的除草剂污染和食物短缺挑战,爬行动物的适应策略尚不清楚。因此,研究人员选择了小型爬行动物阿古斯(Eremias Argus)作为模型,模拟蜥蜴食物短缺的真实场景,旨在探讨草铵膦和食物限制对蜥蜴的综合影响。结果发现,蜥蜴常通过体热选择来调节其生理生化活动,在饥饿状态下倾向于选择较低的体温,降低消化率,并积极参与脂肪能量动员以避免氧化损伤,最终达到体内平衡。然而,除草剂GLA破坏了蜥蜴抵抗食物短缺应激的努力,干扰了蜥蜴面临饥饿时正常的体温调节和能量动员策略。该研究结果将有助于我们了解蜥蜴在极端胁迫下所受到的影响,有助于补充爬行动物毒理学数据,为除草剂GLA的风险评估提供科学依据。
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引用次数: 0
TPT disrupts early embryonic development and glucose metabolism of marine medaka in different salinites TPT干扰不同盐渍条件下海鳉的早期胚胎发育和葡萄糖代谢
IF 3.9 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110035
Tengzhou Li , Luoxin Li , Bin Liu , Shaoying Xing , Ling Liu , Ping Li , Zhi-Hua Li

Triphenyltin (TPT) is an organotin compound frequently detected in coastal estuaries, yet studies on TPT's effects in regions with significant salinity fluctuations, such as coastal estuaries, are currently limited. To investigate the toxic effects of TPT under different salinity conditions, this study focused on marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) embryos. Through early morphological observations, RNA-seq analysis, biochemical marker assays, and qPCR detection, we explored the impact of TPT exposure on the early embryonic development of marine medaka under varying salinities. The study found that TPT exposure significantly increased embryo mortality at salinities of 0 ppt and 30 ppt. RNA-seq analysis revealed that TPT primarily affects glucose metabolism and glycogen synthesis processes in embryos. Under high salinity conditions, TPT may inhibit glucose metabolism by suppressing glycolysis and promoting gluconeogenesis. Furthermore, TPT exposure under different salinities led to the downregulation of genes associated with the insulin signaling pathway (ins, insra, irs2b, pik3ca, pdk1b, akt1, foxo1a), which may be linked to suppressed glucose metabolism and increased embryonic mortality. In summary, TPT exposure under different salinities affects the early development of marine medaka embryos and inhibits glucose metabolism. This study provides additional data to support research on organotin compounds in coastal estuaries.

三苯基锡(TPT)是一种经常在沿海河口检测到的有机锡化合物,但目前对 TPT 在沿海河口等盐度波动较大地区的影响的研究还很有限。为了研究 TPT 在不同盐度条件下的毒性效应,本研究以海鳉(Oryzias melastigma)胚胎为研究对象。通过早期形态观察、RNA-seq分析、生化标记检测和qPCR检测,我们探讨了不同盐度条件下TPT暴露对海鳉早期胚胎发育的影响。研究发现,在盐度为 0 ppt 和 30 ppt 时,暴露于 TPT 会显著增加胚胎死亡率。RNA-seq分析显示,TPT主要影响胚胎的葡萄糖代谢和糖原合成过程。在高盐度条件下,TPT 可能通过抑制糖酵解和促进糖原生成来抑制葡萄糖代谢。此外,在不同盐度条件下接触 TPT 会导致与胰岛素信号通路相关的基因(ins、insra、irs2b、pik3ca、pdk1b、akt1、foxo1a)下调,这可能与糖代谢受抑制和胚胎死亡率增加有关。总之,在不同盐度下暴露于 TPT 会影响青鳉胚胎的早期发育并抑制葡萄糖代谢。这项研究为沿海河口的有机锡化合物研究提供了更多数据支持。
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引用次数: 0
Perfluorodecanoic acid induces the increase of innate cells in zebrafish embryos by upregulating oxidative stress levels 全氟癸酸通过上调氧化应激水平诱导斑马鱼胚胎中先天性细胞的增加。
IF 3.9 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.110037
Juhua Xiao , Dou Yang , Boxi Hu , Wenwen Zha , Weirong Li , Ying Wang , Fasheng Liu , Xinjun Liao , Huimin Li , Qiang Tao , Shouhua Zhang , Zigang Cao
Several studies reported that the widespread use of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) causes increased environmental pollution, subsequently impacting aquatic organisms. Perfluoroalkyl substances such as perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) reportedly cause cardiotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and developmental toxicity in different organisms. However, whether perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA), a widely used perfluoroalkyl substance, induces animal embryos developmental toxicity remain unknown. Here, we explored the immunotoxicity and associated mechanisms of PFDA in zebrafish embryos via RNA sequencing, morphological assessment and behavioral alteration detection following exposure to 0.5, 1 and 2 mg/L of PFDA. Interestingly, We found that with the increase of PFDA to drug concentration, including neutrophils and macrophages, significantly increased the number of inherent cells, immune related genes expression. Furthermore, oxidative stress increased in the PFDA-treated embryos in a dose-dependent manner and inhibition of oxidative stress levels effectively rescued the number of neutrophils. Changes in embryonic behavior were observed after exposure to PFDA. Overall, our results suggest that PFDA may induce innate immune response by accumulation of oxidative stress in zebrafish at early developmental stages, and concern is needed about its environmental exposure risks for animals embryos development.

Environmental implication

Perfluorinated and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFASs) are a class of synthetic organic compounds containing fluorine widely used as lubricants, surfactants, insecticides, etc. The PFDA, a typical perfluorinated compound, is often used as a wetting agent and flame retardant in industries.
Several studies showed that PFASs can cause serious environmental pollution, leading to developmental toxicity to various animals, including reproductive toxicity, liver toxicity, heart toxicity, neurotoxicity, and immunotoxicity.
However, there are still limited studies on the effects and mechanisms of PFDA on aquatic organisms. Therefore, there is a need to evaluate the ecological risks of PFDA in animals.
一些研究报告指出,全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质(PFASs)的广泛使用导致环境污染加剧,进而影响水生生物。据报道,全氟辛烷磺酸(PFOS)和全氟辛酸(PFOA)等全氟烷基物质会对不同生物造成心脏毒性、神经毒性和发育毒性。然而,作为一种广泛使用的全氟烷基物质,全氟癸酸(PFDA)是否会诱发动物胚胎发育毒性仍是未知数。在此,我们通过 RNA 测序、形态学评估和行为改变检测,探讨了斑马鱼胚胎在暴露于 0.5、1 和 2 mg/L PFDA 后的免疫毒性和相关机制。有趣的是,我们发现随着 PFDA 药物浓度的增加,包括中性粒细胞和巨噬细胞在内的固有细胞数量、免疫相关基因的表达量都显著增加。此外,经 PFDA 处理的胚胎中氧化应激以剂量依赖的方式增加,而抑制氧化应激水平可有效挽救中性粒细胞的数量。暴露于 PFDA 后,胚胎行为也发生了变化。总之,我们的研究结果表明,在斑马鱼的早期发育阶段,PFDA 可能会通过氧化应激的积累诱导先天性免疫反应,因此需要关注其环境暴露对动物胚胎发育的风险。环境意义:全氟和多氟烷基物质(PFASs)是一类含氟的合成有机化合物,被广泛用作润滑剂、表面活性剂、杀虫剂等。PFDA 是一种典型的全氟化合物,在工业中常被用作润湿剂和阻燃剂。多项研究表明,全氟辛烷磺酸会造成严重的环境污染,导致各种动物的发育毒性,包括生殖毒性、肝脏毒性、心脏毒性、神经毒性和免疫毒性。然而,有关全氟辛烷磺酸对水生生物的影响和机制的研究仍然有限。因此,有必要对全氟辛烷磺酸在动物体内的生态风险进行评估。
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Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology
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