Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology最新文献_第7页

Concurrent endoplasmic reticulum stress and demyelination in DEHP-exposed zebrafish larvae at the early developmental stages 暴露于dehp的斑马鱼幼体在早期发育阶段并发内质网应激和脱髓鞘。

IF 4.3 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology

Pub Date : 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2025.110394

Garima Jindal , Anuradha Mangla , Mehjbeen Javed , Mohd. Anas Saifi , Iqra Mazahir , Padmshree Mudgal , Shiekh Raisuddin

Di-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) is an endocrine disruptor with established neurotoxic as well as potential neurodegenerative effects. The myelin sheath plays a crucial role in maintaining the health of the nervous system, whereas demyelination contributes to the onset of brain diseases. This study investigated the effect of DEHP on the neurological development with special reference to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, inflammation, and concurrently with demyelination and cellular apoptotic development in zebrafish larvae. Results indicated that DEHP exposure can lead to demyelination through ER stress and inflammation, as evident from the decreased expression of myelin basic protein (Mbp) in both the brain and spinal cord of zebrafish larvae analyzed through immunofluorescent assay. The mRNA expression of axon marker nfl significantly increased, while tuba1a was decreased with DEHP exposure. Western blotting analysis revealed that ER stress markers such as phosphorylated inositol-requiring enzyme 1 alpha (p-Ire1α), activating transcription factor 4 (Atf4), binding immunoglobulin protein (Bip), phosphorylated e-IF2 alpha (p-eIF2α), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (Chop), and inflammatory markers (nuclear factor kappa B subunit p65; Nf-κb p65), ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba1), and glial fibrillary acid protein (Gfap), were significantly upregulated on exposure to DEHP. Scototaxis, a behavioral assay, showed an altered anxiety-like behaviour in DEHP-treated larvae. Oxidative stress markers, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and monoamine oxidase (MAO) were also elevated. Apoptotic cells were observed in DEHP-treated zebrafish larvae in acridine orange staining. Overall, the DEHP exposure to zebrafish larvae caused myelin sheath degeneration and axonal dysfunction due to the generation of ER stress and inflammation.

邻苯二甲酸二乙基己酯（DEHP）是一种内分泌干扰物，具有神经毒性和潜在的神经退行性作用。髓鞘在维持神经系统健康方面起着至关重要的作用，而脱髓鞘则会导致脑部疾病的发生。本研究探讨了DEHP对斑马鱼幼体神经发育的影响，特别是内质网应激、炎症以及同时发生的脱髓鞘和细胞凋亡发育。结果表明，DEHP暴露可通过内质网应激和炎症导致脱髓鞘脱髓鞘，免疫荧光分析显示斑马鱼幼鱼脑和脊髓中髓鞘碱性蛋白（Mbp）表达降低。DEHP暴露后，轴突标记物nfl mRNA表达显著升高，tuba1a mRNA表达降低。内质网应激标志物如肌醇要求酶1 α (Ire1)、激活转录因子4 （Atf4）、结合免疫球蛋白蛋白（Bip）、磷酸化e-IF2 α （p-eIF2α)、CCAAT/增强子结合蛋白同源蛋白（Chop）、炎症标志物（核因子κ B亚基p65； Nf-κb p65）、离子钙结合接头分子1 （Iba1）和胶质原纤维酸蛋白（Gfap））在DEHP暴露时显著上调。在dehp处理的幼虫中，行为性测定也发生了变化。氧化应激标志物如超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶和单胺氧化酶（MAO）也升高。用吖啶橙染色观察dehp处理的斑马鱼幼虫细胞凋亡。总体而言，DEHP暴露于斑马鱼幼虫后，由于内质网应激和炎症的产生，导致髓鞘变性和轴突功能障碍。

{"title":"Concurrent endoplasmic reticulum stress and demyelination in DEHP-exposed zebrafish larvae at the early developmental stages","authors":"Garima Jindal , Anuradha Mangla , Mehjbeen Javed , Mohd. Anas Saifi , Iqra Mazahir , Padmshree Mudgal , Shiekh Raisuddin","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2025.110394","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2025.110394","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Di-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) is an endocrine disruptor with established neurotoxic as well as potential neurodegenerative effects. The myelin sheath plays a crucial role in maintaining the health of the nervous system, whereas demyelination contributes to the onset of brain diseases. This study investigated the effect of DEHP on the neurological development with special reference to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, inflammation, and concurrently with demyelination and cellular apoptotic development in zebrafish larvae. Results indicated that DEHP exposure can lead to demyelination through ER stress and inflammation, as evident from the decreased expression of myelin basic protein (Mbp) in both the brain and spinal cord of zebrafish larvae analyzed through immunofluorescent assay. The mRNA expression of axon marker <em>nfl</em> significantly increased, while <em>tuba1a</em> was decreased with DEHP exposure. Western blotting analysis revealed that ER stress markers such as phosphorylated inositol-requiring enzyme 1 alpha (p-Ire1α), activating transcription factor 4 (Atf4), binding immunoglobulin protein (Bip), phosphorylated e-IF2 alpha (p-eIF2α), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (Chop), and inflammatory markers (nuclear factor kappa B subunit p65; Nf-κb p65), ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba1), and glial fibrillary acid protein (Gfap), were significantly upregulated on exposure to DEHP. Scototaxis, a behavioral assay, showed an altered anxiety-like behaviour in DEHP-treated larvae. Oxidative stress markers, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and monoamine oxidase (MAO) were also elevated. Apoptotic cells were observed in DEHP-treated zebrafish larvae in acridine orange staining. Overall, the DEHP exposure to zebrafish larvae caused myelin sheath degeneration and axonal dysfunction due to the generation of ER stress and inflammation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10602,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology","volume":"301 ","pages":"Article 110394"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145563064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Non-lethal heat shock induces cross-tolerance to different stressors in two strains of Brachionus koreanus (Rotifera: Monogononta): Mechanisms of increased tolerance to hydrogen peroxide 非致死性热休克诱导两株朝鲜臂尾虫对不同应激源的交叉耐受性：过氧化氢耐受性增加的机制。

IF 4.3 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology

Pub Date : 2025-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2025.110389

Luana Granada , Inês F.C. Morão , Marco F.L. Lemos , Peter Bossier , Sara C. Novais

The rotifer Brachionus sp. is of great importance for aquaculture, as the reproduction cycle under rearing conditions of many economically important species larvae depends on the use of rotifers as first live feed. Establishing a protocol that results in an improved tolerance of rotifers to environmental stressors will allow for a more stable rotifer production. The exposure to non-lethal heat shocks (NLHS) already proved to enhance the tolerance, not only to heat stress, but also to other stressors in several aquatic species, by activating the heat shock response and epigenetic mechanisms. This study aimed to determine the potential of a single NLHS to induce tolerance to different abiotic stressors in two strains of B. koreanus (MRS10 and IBA3) and to evaluate possible molecular mechanisms involved in the achievement of increased tolerance to hydrogen peroxide induced by NLHS. Cross-tolerance was achieved for both strains, namely to high salinity, cadmium chloride, and hydrogen peroxide. Scale-up tests resulted in increased tolerance to hydrogen peroxide only for MRS10. During the exposure to this substance, heat-shocked MRS10 rotifers showed an up-regulation of genes related to oxidative stress response and histone modifications, increased production of HSP70, and higher levels of total acetylation of histone H3. A single NLHS proved to induce epigenetic effects when rotifers were exposed to other stressor later in life. However, further studies should elucidate if the NLHS conditions used in this study can yield a persistent outcome, allowing the establishment of tolerant rotifer strain lines and, consequently, a more stable production.

轮虫Brachionus sp.对水产养殖具有重要意义，因为许多经济上重要的物种幼虫在饲养条件下的繁殖周期依赖于将轮虫作为第一活饲料。建立一种方案，提高轮虫对环境压力的耐受性，将使轮虫的生产更加稳定。暴露于非致死性热冲击（NLHS）已经被证明不仅可以通过激活热冲击反应和表观遗传机制来增强对热应激的耐受性，而且还可以通过激活热冲击反应和其他应激源来增强对几种水生物种的耐受性。本研究旨在确定单一NLHS诱导两株韩国双歧杆菌（MRS10和IBA3）对不同非生物应激源耐受性的潜力，并评估NLHS诱导过氧化氢耐受性增强的可能分子机制。这两种菌株对高盐、氯化镉和过氧化氢具有交叉耐受性。扩大试验结果表明，只有MRS10对过氧化氢的耐受性增加。在暴露于这种物质期间，热休克MRS10轮虫表现出与氧化应激反应和组蛋白修饰相关的基因上调，HSP70的产生增加，组蛋白H3的总乙酰化水平更高。当轮虫在以后的生活中暴露于其他压力源时，单个NLHS被证明会诱导表观遗传效应。然而，进一步的研究应该阐明本研究中使用的NLHS条件是否能产生持久的结果，从而建立耐受性轮虫品系，从而实现更稳定的生产。

{"title":"Non-lethal heat shock induces cross-tolerance to different stressors in two strains of Brachionus koreanus (Rotifera: Monogononta): Mechanisms of increased tolerance to hydrogen peroxide","authors":"Luana Granada , Inês F.C. Morão , Marco F.L. Lemos , Peter Bossier , Sara C. Novais","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2025.110389","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2025.110389","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rotifer <em>Brachionus</em> sp. is of great importance for aquaculture, as the reproduction cycle under rearing conditions of many economically important species larvae depends on the use of rotifers as first live feed. Establishing a protocol that results in an improved tolerance of rotifers to environmental stressors will allow for a more stable rotifer production. The exposure to non-lethal heat shocks (NLHS) already proved to enhance the tolerance, not only to heat stress, but also to other stressors in several aquatic species, by activating the heat shock response and epigenetic mechanisms. This study aimed to determine the potential of a single NLHS to induce tolerance to different abiotic stressors in two strains of <em>B. koreanus</em> (MRS10 and IBA3) and to evaluate possible molecular mechanisms involved in the achievement of increased tolerance to hydrogen peroxide induced by NLHS. Cross-tolerance was achieved for both strains, namely to high salinity, cadmium chloride, and hydrogen peroxide. Scale-up tests resulted in increased tolerance to hydrogen peroxide only for MRS10. During the exposure to this substance, heat-shocked MRS10 rotifers showed an up-regulation of genes related to oxidative stress response and histone modifications, increased production of HSP70, and higher levels of total acetylation of histone H3. A single NLHS proved to induce epigenetic effects when rotifers were exposed to other stressor later in life. However, further studies should elucidate if the NLHS conditions used in this study can yield a persistent outcome, allowing the establishment of tolerant rotifer strain lines and, consequently, a more stable production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10602,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology","volume":"300 ","pages":"Article 110389"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145534408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ancestral exposure to amitriptyline disrupts the behavior and gene expression in zebrafish F2 offspring 祖先接触阿米替林会破坏斑马鱼F2后代的行为和基因表达。

IF 4.3 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology

Pub Date : 2025-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2025.110390

Anqi Liu , Kun Chen , Xuchun Qiu , Yuki Takai , Yohei Shimasaki , Yuji Oshima

Amitriptyline (AMI), a commonly used tricyclic antidepressant, has been identified as a significant pharmaceutical contaminant in aquatic environments. Although parental exposure of zebrafish to AMI has been found to induce changes in the development, behavior, and gene expression of their F1 offspring, it is unclear whether such adverse effects will be further extended to subsequent generations. In the current study, we explored the effects of ancestral exposure to AMI at environmentally relevant concentrations (0 and 0.8 μg/L) on the early life stages of zebrafish F2 offspring. The results showed that ancestral exposure to AMI had no significant effect on the survival and development of the zebrafish F2 offspring. However, significant hyperactivity was observed in the F2 larvae in the ancestral AMI exposure group during the dark periods of a light-dark locomotion assay. Transcription analysis revealed that ancestral exposure to AMI significantly disrupted pathways associated with xenobiotic biodegradation and metabolism, as well as the metabolism of cofactors and vitamins. Furthermore, ancestral exposure to AMI significantly decreased the level of cytochrome P450 and the activity of glutathione S-transferase within the F2 larvae, which are critical enzymes involved in xenobiotic metabolism. These findings provide valuable insights into the multigenerational effects of AMI exposure in zebrafish, emphasizing the importance of assessing the risks posed by such pollutants to fish populations.

阿米替林（AMI）是一种常用的三环抗抑郁药，已被确定为水生环境中的重要药物污染物。虽然已经发现父母接触AMI会诱导F1后代的发育、行为和基因表达发生变化，但尚不清楚这种不良影响是否会进一步延伸到后代。在本研究中，我们探讨了祖先暴露于环境相关浓度（0和0.8 μg/L）的AMI对斑马鱼F2后代早期生命阶段的影响。结果表明，祖先接触AMI对斑马鱼F2后代的生存和发育没有显著影响。然而，在光-暗运动试验的黑暗时期，祖先AMI暴露组的F2幼虫观察到显著的过度活跃。转录分析显示，祖先暴露于AMI显著破坏了与外源生物降解和代谢相关的途径，以及辅助因子和维生素的代谢。此外，祖先暴露于AMI导致F2幼虫体内参与外源代谢的关键酶水平显著降低，特别是细胞色素P450和谷胱甘肽s -转移酶。这些发现为了解AMI暴露对斑马鱼的多代影响提供了有价值的见解，强调了评估此类污染物对鱼类种群构成的风险的重要性。

{"title":"Ancestral exposure to amitriptyline disrupts the behavior and gene expression in zebrafish F2 offspring","authors":"Anqi Liu , Kun Chen , Xuchun Qiu , Yuki Takai , Yohei Shimasaki , Yuji Oshima","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2025.110390","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2025.110390","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Amitriptyline (AMI), a commonly used tricyclic antidepressant, has been identified as a significant pharmaceutical contaminant in aquatic environments. Although parental exposure of zebrafish to AMI has been found to induce changes in the development, behavior, and gene expression of their F1 offspring, it is unclear whether such adverse effects will be further extended to subsequent generations. In the current study, we explored the effects of ancestral exposure to AMI at environmentally relevant concentrations (0 and 0.8 μg/L) on the early life stages of zebrafish F2 offspring. The results showed that ancestral exposure to AMI had no significant effect on the survival and development of the zebrafish F2 offspring. However, significant hyperactivity was observed in the F2 larvae in the ancestral AMI exposure group during the dark periods of a light-dark locomotion assay. Transcription analysis revealed that ancestral exposure to AMI significantly disrupted pathways associated with xenobiotic biodegradation and metabolism, as well as the metabolism of cofactors and vitamins. Furthermore, ancestral exposure to AMI significantly decreased the level of cytochrome P450 and the activity of glutathione S-transferase within the F2 larvae, which are critical enzymes involved in xenobiotic metabolism. These findings provide valuable insights into the multigenerational effects of AMI exposure in zebrafish, emphasizing the importance of assessing the risks posed by such pollutants to fish populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10602,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology","volume":"300 ","pages":"Article 110390"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145530475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Anti-sea lice products azamethiphos and hydrogen peroxide effects on five coastal marine organisms 抗海虱产品偶氮硫磷和过氧化氢对五种沿海海洋生物的影响。

IF 4.3 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology

Pub Date : 2025-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2025.110392

Davide Asnicar , Benjamin de Jourdan

Azamethiphos and hydrogen peroxide are active ingredients (AI) of formulations used as water-bath pesticides in Atlantic salmon aquaculture to remove ectoparasitic copepods. Despite their long-term use, unknowns and concerns are still present, particularly regarding the toxicity towards non-target commercially and ecologically important species in Atlantic Canada, and potential differences in toxicity between the AI and the formulated product.

Here, we tested the acute effects of azamethiphos and hydrogen peroxide on five marine species. Hazard data (half maximal effective and lethal concentrations, respectively EC50 and LC50) were determined for 10 endpoints, assessed at various timepoints, during the exposure of Stage I larval American lobster Homarus americanus, green sea urchin Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis gametes, haemocytes and adults of blue mussel Mytilus edulis, common periwinkle snail Littorina littorea, and copepod Acartia tonsa.

To investigate whether formulations had the same effect as the AI, for azamethiphos, both the AI and the formulation (Salmosan® Vet) were tested. For hydrogen peroxide, potential differences in the toxicity of three formulations (purchased solutions 50 %, 35 %, and 3 %) were compared.

Results suggest no differences between the azamethiphos and Salmosan® Vet, with similar L/EC50 values. Little differences were found among the three hydrogen peroxide formulations. For azamethiphos, the most sensitive species was the American lobster, followed by sea urchin, whereas for hydrogen peroxide, sea urchin was the most sensitive, followed by A. tonsa. L. littorea was the least sensitive species tested. Overall, results showed that all the endpoints were greater than the Environmental Quality Standard previously determined for the two compounds.

Azamethiphos和过氧化氢是大西洋鲑鱼养殖中用于去除外寄生桡足类动物的水浴农药配方的活性成分。尽管它们长期使用，但未知因素和担忧仍然存在，特别是对加拿大大西洋地区非目标商业和生态重要物种的毒性，以及人工智能和配方产品之间毒性的潜在差异。在这里，我们测试了azamethiphos和过氧化氢对五种海洋物种的急性影响。在不同的时间点，测定了10个终点的危害数据（最大有效浓度和致死浓度的一半，分别为EC50和LC50），评估了暴露于美洲小龙虾（Homarus americanus）、绿海胆（strongylocentrrotus droebacachiensis）配子、蓝贻贝（Mytilus edulis）、常青螺（Littorina littorea）和桡足动物（Acartia tonsa）的I期幼虫。为了研究制剂是否与人工智能具有相同的效果，对噻虫磷进行了人工智能和制剂（Salmosan®Vet）的测试。对于过氧化氢，比较了三种配方（购买的溶液50 %，35 %和3 %）毒性的潜在差异。结果表明，azamethiphos和Salmosan®Vet之间没有差异，L/EC50值相似。三种过氧化氢配方之间差异不大。对偶氮硫磷最敏感的是美洲龙虾，其次是海胆；对双氧水最敏感的是海胆，其次是沙棘。littorea是最不敏感的物种。总体而言，结果表明所有终点都大于先前确定的两种化合物的环境质量标准。

{"title":"Anti-sea lice products azamethiphos and hydrogen peroxide effects on five coastal marine organisms","authors":"Davide Asnicar , Benjamin de Jourdan","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2025.110392","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2025.110392","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Azamethiphos and hydrogen peroxide are active ingredients (AI) of formulations used as water-bath pesticides in Atlantic salmon aquaculture to remove ectoparasitic copepods. Despite their long-term use, unknowns and concerns are still present, particularly regarding the toxicity towards non-target commercially and ecologically important species in Atlantic Canada, and potential differences in toxicity between the AI and the formulated product.</div><div>Here, we tested the acute effects of azamethiphos and hydrogen peroxide on five marine species. Hazard data (half maximal effective and lethal concentrations, respectively EC50 and LC50) were determined for 10 endpoints, assessed at various timepoints, during the exposure of Stage I larval American lobster <em>Homarus americanus</em>, green sea urchin <em>Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis</em> gametes, haemocytes and adults of blue mussel <em>Mytilus edulis</em>, common periwinkle snail <em>Littorina littorea</em>, and copepod <em>Acartia tonsa</em>.</div><div>To investigate whether formulations had the same effect as the AI, for azamethiphos, both the AI and the formulation (Salmosan® Vet) were tested. For hydrogen peroxide, potential differences in the toxicity of three formulations (purchased solutions 50 %, 35 %, and 3 %) were compared.</div><div>Results suggest no differences between the azamethiphos and Salmosan® Vet, with similar L/EC50 values. Little differences were found among the three hydrogen peroxide formulations. For azamethiphos, the most sensitive species was the American lobster, followed by sea urchin, whereas for hydrogen peroxide, sea urchin was the most sensitive, followed by <em>A. tonsa</em>. <em>L. littorea</em> was the least sensitive species tested. Overall, results showed that all the endpoints were greater than the Environmental Quality Standard previously determined for the two compounds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10602,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology","volume":"300 ","pages":"Article 110392"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145530464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chronic cylindrospermopsin exposure impairs oocyte growth and maturation by stress-induced endocrine disruption and immune activation of NF-κB/TNF-α pathway in female zebrafish 慢性柱状精子蛋白酶暴露通过应激诱导的内分泌干扰和NF-κB/TNF-α通路的免疫激活，损害雌性斑马鱼卵母细胞的生长和成熟。

IF 4.3 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology

Pub Date : 2025-11-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2025.110387

Chayan Biswas, Madhuchhanda Adhikari, Kousik Pramanick

Cyanotoxins are one of the major threats to aquatic ecosystems due to their diverse toxic effects on aquatic organisms. Cylindrospermopsin is a globally reported freshwater cyanotoxin that exhibits hepatotoxic, cytotoxic, immunotoxic, and neurotoxic effects in teleosts; however, its harmful effects on reproductive health remain less explored. This study investigates the impacts of cylindrospermopsin on the reproductive endocrine and paracrine system, emphasising the HPGL axis of female zebrafish. Following 14 days of in-vivo cylindrospermopsin exposure, decreased gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indices were observed. The number of fully grown (vitellogenic and post-vitellogenic) oocytes was decreased in treated groups, signifying oocyte growth impairments. Disruption of serum gonadotropin levels (FSH and LH) and steroid (17β-estradiol/testosterone) ratio was also observed, indicating the endocrine-disrupting effects of cylindrospermopsin. Following in-vitro cylindrospermopsin exposure for 8 h, increased GVBD was observed, representing early oocyte maturation. Besides endocrine regulation, stress-induced immune-activation of paracrine factors also regulates oocyte maturation. Subsequently, elevated lipid peroxidation and antioxidant activity were observed in the ovary of exposed groups, which disrupts the expression of different steroidogenesis and antioxidant marker genes. This is followed by upregulated expression of paracrine factors: nf-κb, tnf-α and il-1β genes in the ovary, which further activates the apoptotic cascade in the CYN-treated oocytes by upregulating p53, bax, casp3 and suppressing bcl2 gene expression. This revealed that cylindrospermopsin is an effective endocrine disruptor that induces reproductive toxicity by promoting oxidative stress and inducing early oocyte maturation by immune-activation of the NF-κB/TNF-α pathway, emphasising the importance of deciphering its ecotoxicological risk.

蓝藻毒素对水生生物具有多种毒性作用，是水生生态系统的主要威胁之一。柱体精子素是一种全球报道的淡水藻毒素，对硬骨鱼具有肝毒性、细胞毒性、免疫毒性和神经毒性作用；然而，其对生殖健康的有害影响仍未得到充分探讨。本研究探讨了柱精子素对雌性斑马鱼生殖内分泌和旁分泌系统的影响，重点研究了柱精子素对雌性斑马鱼生殖内分泌和旁分泌系统的影响。在体内暴露柱精子素14 天后，观察到促性腺和肝体指标下降。在治疗组中，完全生长的卵母细胞（卵黄形成和卵黄形成后）的数量减少，表明卵母细胞生长受损。还观察到血清促性腺激素水平（FSH和LH）和类固醇（17β-雌二醇/睾酮）比的破坏，表明柱精子素的内分泌干扰作用。体外柱精子素暴露8 h后，观察到GVBD增加，表明卵母细胞成熟提前。除了内分泌调节外，应激诱导的旁分泌因子免疫激活也调节卵母细胞成熟。随后，暴露组卵巢脂质过氧化和抗氧化活性升高，这破坏了不同类固醇生成和抗氧化标记基因的表达。随后，卵巢旁分泌因子nf-κb、tnf-α和il-1β基因表达上调，通过上调p53、bax、casp3，抑制bcl2基因表达，进一步激活cyn处理的卵母细胞凋亡级联反应。这表明，柱精子素是一种有效的内分泌干扰物，通过免疫激活NF-κB/TNF-α途径，促进氧化应激和诱导卵母细胞早期成熟，从而诱导生殖毒性，强调了破译其生态毒理学风险的重要性。

{"title":"Chronic cylindrospermopsin exposure impairs oocyte growth and maturation by stress-induced endocrine disruption and immune activation of NF-κB/TNF-α pathway in female zebrafish","authors":"Chayan Biswas, Madhuchhanda Adhikari, Kousik Pramanick","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2025.110387","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2025.110387","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cyanotoxins are one of the major threats to aquatic ecosystems due to their diverse toxic effects on aquatic organisms. Cylindrospermopsin is a globally reported freshwater cyanotoxin that exhibits hepatotoxic, cytotoxic, immunotoxic, and neurotoxic effects in teleosts; however, its harmful effects on reproductive health remain less explored. This study investigates the impacts of cylindrospermopsin on the reproductive endocrine and paracrine system, emphasising the HPGL axis of female zebrafish. Following 14 days of <em>in-vivo</em> cylindrospermopsin exposure, decreased gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indices were observed. The number of fully grown (vitellogenic and post-vitellogenic) oocytes was decreased in treated groups, signifying oocyte growth impairments. Disruption of serum gonadotropin levels (FSH and LH) and steroid (17β-estradiol/testosterone) ratio was also observed, indicating the endocrine-disrupting effects of cylindrospermopsin. Following <em>in-vitro</em> cylindrospermopsin exposure for 8 h, increased GVBD was observed, representing early oocyte maturation. Besides endocrine regulation, stress-induced immune-activation of paracrine factors also regulates oocyte maturation. Subsequently, elevated lipid peroxidation and antioxidant activity were observed in the ovary of exposed groups, which disrupts the expression of different steroidogenesis and antioxidant marker genes. This is followed by upregulated expression of paracrine factors: <em>nf-κb</em>, <em>tnf-α</em> and <em>il-1β</em> genes in the ovary, which further activates the apoptotic cascade in the CYN-treated oocytes by upregulating <em>p53, bax, casp3</em> and suppressing <em>bcl2</em> gene expression. This revealed that cylindrospermopsin is an effective endocrine disruptor that induces reproductive toxicity by promoting oxidative stress and inducing early oocyte maturation by immune-activation of the NF-κB/TNF-α pathway, emphasising the importance of deciphering its ecotoxicological risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10602,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology","volume":"300 ","pages":"Article 110387"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145480561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A review of ammonia toxicity on aquatic organisms: Species-specific responses, microbial shifts, and environmental interactions 氨对水生生物的毒性研究综述：物种特异性反应、微生物转移和环境相互作用。

IF 4.3 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology

Pub Date : 2025-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2025.110388

Seong Chan Yun , Haksoo Jeong , Jin-Sol Lee , Jin-Hyoung Kim , Il-Chan Kim , Piotr Maszczyk , Zhou Yang , Atsushi Hagiwara , Jae-Seong Lee

Ammonia (NH₃) is a widespread environmental pollutant with significant ecological and physiological impacts on aquatic organisms. While ammonia plays a key role in nitrogen cycling, excessive amounts disrupt homeostasis and cause toxic effects in various species. Its toxicity is influenced by environmental conditions such as pH, temperature, and salinity, with un-ionized ammonia being especially harmful due to its high membrane permeability. High ammonia levels impair ion balance, disturb nitrogen metabolism, trigger oxidative stress, affect neurophysiological functions at the intracellular level. Furthermore, ammonia can damage vital tissues, eliciting species-specific differential responses (fish, invertebrates, and amphibians), and impair survival, development, reproductive ability, and even movement. In addition, ammonia can alter the microorganisms' composition and metabolic functions. These findings highlight a complex relationship between microbial changes and host health conditions. Therefore, this review can aid in understanding the profound toxicity of ammonia, which affects both organisms and microorganisms, while emphasizing the need for monitoring and management strategies. As climate change intensifies environmental variability, a more profound understanding of ammonia toxicity is essential for protecting aquatic biodiversity and maintaining ecosystem stability.

氨（NH3）是一种广泛存在的环境污染物，对水生生物具有重要的生态和生理影响。虽然氨在氮循环中起着关键作用，但过量的氨会破坏体内平衡并导致各种物种的毒性作用。其毒性受pH、温度、盐度等环境条件的影响，其中非离子化氨的膜透性高，危害特别大。高氨水平破坏离子平衡，扰乱氮代谢，引发氧化应激，影响细胞内神经生理功能。此外，氨可以损害重要组织，引起物种特异性差异反应（鱼类、无脊椎动物和两栖动物），并损害生存、发育、繁殖能力，甚至运动。此外，氨可以改变微生物的组成和代谢功能。这些发现强调了微生物变化与宿主健康状况之间的复杂关系。因此，本综述有助于了解氨的深层毒性，它影响生物体和微生物，同时强调监测和管理策略的必要性。随着气候变化加剧了环境的变异性，更深入地了解氨毒性对于保护水生生物多样性和维持生态系统稳定至关重要。

{"title":"A review of ammonia toxicity on aquatic organisms: Species-specific responses, microbial shifts, and environmental interactions","authors":"Seong Chan Yun , Haksoo Jeong , Jin-Sol Lee , Jin-Hyoung Kim , Il-Chan Kim , Piotr Maszczyk , Zhou Yang , Atsushi Hagiwara , Jae-Seong Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2025.110388","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2025.110388","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) is a widespread environmental pollutant with significant ecological and physiological impacts on aquatic organisms. While ammonia plays a key role in nitrogen cycling, excessive amounts disrupt homeostasis and cause toxic effects in various species. Its toxicity is influenced by environmental conditions such as pH, temperature, and salinity, with un-ionized ammonia being especially harmful due to its high membrane permeability. High ammonia levels impair ion balance, disturb nitrogen metabolism, trigger oxidative stress, affect neurophysiological functions at the intracellular level. Furthermore, ammonia can damage vital tissues, eliciting species-specific differential responses (fish, invertebrates, and amphibians), and impair survival, development, reproductive ability, and even movement. In addition, ammonia can alter the microorganisms' composition and metabolic functions. These findings highlight a complex relationship between microbial changes and host health conditions. Therefore, this review can aid in understanding the profound toxicity of ammonia, which affects both organisms and microorganisms, while emphasizing the need for monitoring and management strategies. As climate change intensifies environmental variability, a more profound understanding of ammonia toxicity is essential for protecting aquatic biodiversity and maintaining ecosystem stability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10602,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology","volume":"300 ","pages":"Article 110388"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145480296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

From metabolites to tissues: A comprehensive analysis of salinity-driven modulation of tetracycline effects in Mytilus galloprovincialis 从代谢物到组织：盐度驱动的四环素在加洛野贻贝中的调节作用的综合分析。

IF 4.3 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology

Pub Date : 2025-11-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2025.110383

Marta Cunha , Alessio Lenzi , Constança Figueiredo , Lucia De Marchi , Carla Leite , Tania Russo , Gianfranca Monni , Valentina Meucci , Amadeu M.V.M. Soares , Gianluca Polese , Eduarda Pereira , Carlo Pretti , Rosa Freitas

Environmental salinity shifts, intensified by climate change, can influence the toxicity of pollutants such as antibiotics in marine organisms. In this study, specimens of the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis were exposed for 28 days to three salinity levels (20, 30, and 40) in the presence or absence of tetracycline (TC) (1 mg/L). At the end of the exposure period, the effects were evaluated using an integrated metabolomic, biochemical, and histopathological approach. Tetracycline bioaccumulation did not differ significantly across salinities, indicating that biological effects were driven by stressor interactions rather than uptake. Metabolomic profiling showed that salinity and salinity-TC combinations had stronger impacts than TC alone. At salinity 20, mussels exhibited early oxidative stress and metabolic adjustments, along with tissue atrophy and lipofuscin buildup. Mussels at salinity 30 displayed relative physiological stability despite moderate histological changes under TC. In contrast, salinity 40 caused severe cellular damage, including membrane remodeling, lipid peroxidation, depleted antioxidants, and neurotoxic responses. The integrated multi-level analysis revealed coordinated stress responses involving oxidative stress, altered energy metabolism, and detoxification. Overall, these findings highlight salinity 30 as the optimal condition for M. galloprovincialis and emphasize the synergistic effects of climate-driven salinity changes and antibiotic pollution, underscoring the need to account for abiotic stressors in ecotoxicological assessments.

由于气候变化而加剧的环境盐度变化可以影响海洋生物中抗生素等污染物的毒性。在这项研究中，在四环素（1 mg/L）存在或不存在的情况下，将贻贝（Mytilus galloprovincialis）标本暴露在三种盐度水平（20、30和40）下28 天。在暴露期结束时，使用综合代谢组学、生化和组织病理学方法评估其影响。TC的生物积累在不同盐度下没有显著差异，表明生物效应是由应激源相互作用驱动的，而不是由吸收驱动的。代谢组学分析显示，盐度和盐度-TC组合比单独使用TC有更强的影响。盐度为20时，贻贝表现出早期的氧化应激和代谢调节，以及组织萎缩和脂褐素的积累。盐度为30的贻贝在TC下表现出相对的生理稳定性，但组织学变化不大。相反，盐度40引起严重的细胞损伤，包括膜重塑、脂质过氧化、抗氧化剂耗尽和神经毒性反应。综合多层次分析揭示了包括氧化应激、能量代谢改变和解毒在内的协调应激反应。总的来说，这些发现强调了盐度30是加洛省分枝杆菌生存的最佳条件，并强调了气候驱动的盐度变化和抗生素污染的协同效应，强调了在生态毒理学评估中考虑非生物应激源的必要性。

{"title":"From metabolites to tissues: A comprehensive analysis of salinity-driven modulation of tetracycline effects in Mytilus galloprovincialis","authors":"Marta Cunha , Alessio Lenzi , Constança Figueiredo , Lucia De Marchi , Carla Leite , Tania Russo , Gianfranca Monni , Valentina Meucci , Amadeu M.V.M. Soares , Gianluca Polese , Eduarda Pereira , Carlo Pretti , Rosa Freitas","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2025.110383","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2025.110383","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Environmental salinity shifts, intensified by climate change, can influence the toxicity of pollutants such as antibiotics in marine organisms. In this study, specimens of the mussel <em>Mytilus galloprovincialis</em> were exposed for 28 days to three salinity levels (20, 30, and 40) in the presence or absence of tetracycline (TC) (1 mg/L). At the end of the exposure period, the effects were evaluated using an integrated metabolomic, biochemical, and histopathological approach. Tetracycline bioaccumulation did not differ significantly across salinities, indicating that biological effects were driven by stressor interactions rather than uptake. Metabolomic profiling showed that salinity and salinity-TC combinations had stronger impacts than TC alone. At salinity 20, mussels exhibited early oxidative stress and metabolic adjustments, along with tissue atrophy and lipofuscin buildup. Mussels at salinity 30 displayed relative physiological stability despite moderate histological changes under TC. In contrast, salinity 40 caused severe cellular damage, including membrane remodeling, lipid peroxidation, depleted antioxidants, and neurotoxic responses. The integrated multi-level analysis revealed coordinated stress responses involving oxidative stress, altered energy metabolism, and detoxification. Overall, these findings highlight salinity 30 as the optimal condition for <em>M. galloprovincialis</em> and emphasize the synergistic effects of climate-driven salinity changes and antibiotic pollution, underscoring the need to account for abiotic stressors in ecotoxicological assessments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10602,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology","volume":"300 ","pages":"Article 110383"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145457878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of short-chain chlorinated paraffins on feeding, oxidative status, and multigenerational parameters in the water flea Moina macrocopa 短链氯化石蜡对大水蚤取食、氧化状态和多代参数的影响

IF 4.3 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2025.110384

Jaehee Kim , Seong Duk Do , Jae-Sung Rhee

Despite being persistent pollutants of global concern and frequently detected in aquatic environments, the detrimental effects of short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs) on aquatic crustaceans remain limited. Here, we analyzed the acute and chronic effects of SCCPs on the freshwater flea Moina macrocopa. The no observed effect concentration (NOEC) value of SCCPs for 48 h was determined to be 0.24 μg L⁻¹, while the 10 % (LC10) and 50 % (LC50) lethality values were measured as 3.7 and 36 μg L⁻¹, respectively. In the acute exposure experiment, exposure to the LC10 value of SCCPs reduced feeding performance, acetylcholinesterase activity, and thoracic limb movement. In response to the LC10 value, reactive oxygen species levels increased, accompanied by elevated concentrations of malondialdehyde and glutathione. Enzymatic activities of glutathione S-transferase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase were significantly elevated at the LC10 value, indicating active involvement of the antioxidant defense system in mitigating oxidative stress. Long-term exposure to the 1/10 NOEC and NOEC values across three generations showed multigenerational detrimental impacts of SCCPs, including reductions in survival, growth, and reproduction in the second and/or third generations. Taken together, our results suggest that even sublethal concentrations of SCCPs can acutely induce cholinergic impairment and oxidative stress, while chronically impairing population maintenance in M. macrocopa.

尽管短链氯化石蜡（SCCPs）是全球关注的持久性污染物，并且经常在水生环境中被检测到，但对水生甲壳类动物的有害影响仍然有限。在此，我们分析了sccp对淡水蚤Moina macrocopa的急性和慢性影响。测定48 h SCCPs的无效应浓度（NOEC）值为0.24 μ L-1, 10 % （LC10）和50 % （LC50）致死值分别为3.7和36 μ L-1。在急性暴露实验中，暴露于LC10值的SCCPs降低了摄食性能、乙酰胆碱酯酶活性和胸部肢体运动。随着LC10值的升高，活性氧水平升高，丙二醛和谷胱甘肽浓度升高。在LC10值时，谷胱甘肽s -转移酶、过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和谷胱甘肽还原酶活性显著升高，表明抗氧化防御系统积极参与缓解氧化应激。长期暴露在1/10的NOEC和NOEC值下的三代显示出sccp的多代有害影响，包括第二代和/或第三代的生存、生长和繁殖减少。综上所述，我们的研究结果表明，即使是亚致死浓度的SCCPs也能急性诱导胆碱能损伤和氧化应激，同时慢性损害巨巨支原体的种群维持。

{"title":"Effects of short-chain chlorinated paraffins on feeding, oxidative status, and multigenerational parameters in the water flea Moina macrocopa","authors":"Jaehee Kim , Seong Duk Do , Jae-Sung Rhee","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2025.110384","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2025.110384","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite being persistent pollutants of global concern and frequently detected in aquatic environments, the detrimental effects of short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs) on aquatic crustaceans remain limited. Here, we analyzed the acute and chronic effects of SCCPs on the freshwater flea <em>Moina macrocopa</em>. The no observed effect concentration (NOEC) value of SCCPs for 48 h was determined to be 0.24 μg L<sup>−1</sup>, while the 10 % (LC10) and 50 % (LC50) lethality values were measured as 3.7 and 36 μg L<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. In the acute exposure experiment, exposure to the LC10 value of SCCPs reduced feeding performance, acetylcholinesterase activity, and thoracic limb movement. In response to the LC10 value, reactive oxygen species levels increased, accompanied by elevated concentrations of malondialdehyde and glutathione. Enzymatic activities of glutathione <em>S</em>-transferase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase were significantly elevated at the LC10 value, indicating active involvement of the antioxidant defense system in mitigating oxidative stress. Long-term exposure to the 1/10 NOEC and NOEC values across three generations showed multigenerational detrimental impacts of SCCPs, including reductions in survival, growth, and reproduction in the second and/or third generations. Taken together, our results suggest that even sublethal concentrations of SCCPs can acutely induce cholinergic impairment and oxidative stress, while chronically impairing population maintenance in <em>M. macrocopa</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10602,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology","volume":"300 ","pages":"Article 110384"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145437270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Triclosan induces spermatogenic damage via the oxidative stress-P53-apoptosis pathway in zebrafish 三氯生通过氧化应激- p53 -凋亡通路诱导斑马鱼生精损伤。

IF 4.3 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology

Pub Date : 2025-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2025.110379

Fan Wang, Yiran Liu, Huiwen Yang, Ying Zhang, Fei Liu

Triclosan (TCS), a widely used antimicrobial agent, has been identified as a reproductive endocrine disruptor. However, the mechanisms underlying TCS-induced gonadal damage remain incompletely understood. In this study, zebrafish were chronically exposed to TCS from 4 h post-fertilization (hpf) to 120 days post-fertilization (dpf). A comprehensive analysis was conducted, including assessment of testicular cell apoptosis in adult fish, evaluation of apoptosis-related genes and proteins in both adult testes and 50-day-old juveniles, and transcriptome sequencing. The results showed that TCS exposure downregulated mRNA expression of oxidative stress-related and anti-apoptotic genes, while upregulating pro-apoptotic gene expression along with P53 and Caspase 3 protein levels, ultimately leading to a significant increase in testicular apoptotic cells. Transcriptome sequencing analysis revealed enrichment of the P53 signaling pathway, apoptosis pathway, response to oxidative stress biological process. These findings indicate that postembryonic exposure to TCS causes gonadal damage primarily by inducing oxidative stress, which increases P53 expression, subsequently regulating pro-apoptotic gene expression and suppressing anti-apoptotic proteins, thereby activating the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway and death receptor pathway, potentially affecting growth, development, and reproductive toxicity. This study systematically elucidates the molecular mechanism by which TCS induces reproductive toxicity through the oxidative stress-P53 axis, which triggers both the mitochondrial and death receptor apoptotic pathways. Our findings provide important experimental evidence and a theoretical reference for the scientific assessment of TCS-related reproductive health risks.

三氯生（TCS）是一种广泛使用的抗菌剂，已被确定为生殖内分泌干扰物。然而，tcs诱导性腺损伤的机制仍不完全清楚。在本研究中，斑马鱼从受精后4 h （hpf）到受精后120 d （dpf）长期暴露于TCS。我们进行了全面的分析，包括评估成鱼睾丸细胞凋亡，评估成鱼睾丸和50日龄幼鱼中凋亡相关基因和蛋白，以及转录组测序。结果表明，TCS暴露可下调氧化应激相关基因和抗凋亡基因的mRNA表达，上调促凋亡基因的表达以及P53和Caspase 3蛋白水平，最终导致睾丸凋亡细胞显著增加。转录组测序分析显示P53信号通路、凋亡通路富集，响应氧化应激的生物过程。这些研究结果表明，胚胎后暴露于TCS主要通过诱导氧化应激导致性腺损伤，氧化应激增加P53表达，随后调节促凋亡基因表达，抑制抗凋亡蛋白，从而激活线粒体凋亡途径和死亡受体途径，可能影响生长发育和生殖毒性。本研究系统阐明了TCS通过氧化应激- p53轴诱导生殖毒性的分子机制，该轴触发线粒体和死亡受体凋亡途径。本研究结果为科学评估tcs相关生殖健康风险提供了重要的实验依据和理论参考。

{"title":"Triclosan induces spermatogenic damage via the oxidative stress-P53-apoptosis pathway in zebrafish","authors":"Fan Wang, Yiran Liu, Huiwen Yang, Ying Zhang, Fei Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2025.110379","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2025.110379","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Triclosan (TCS), a widely used antimicrobial agent, has been identified as a reproductive endocrine disruptor. However, the mechanisms underlying TCS-induced gonadal damage remain incompletely understood. In this study, zebrafish were chronically exposed to TCS from 4 h post-fertilization (hpf) to 120 days post-fertilization (dpf). A comprehensive analysis was conducted, including assessment of testicular cell apoptosis in adult fish, evaluation of apoptosis-related genes and proteins in both adult testes and 50-day-old juveniles, and transcriptome sequencing. The results showed that TCS exposure downregulated mRNA expression of oxidative stress-related and anti-apoptotic genes, while upregulating pro-apoptotic gene expression along with P53 and Caspase 3 protein levels, ultimately leading to a significant increase in testicular apoptotic cells. Transcriptome sequencing analysis revealed enrichment of the P53 signaling pathway, apoptosis pathway, response to oxidative stress biological process. These findings indicate that postembryonic exposure to TCS causes gonadal damage primarily by inducing oxidative stress, which increases P53 expression, subsequently regulating pro-apoptotic gene expression and suppressing anti-apoptotic proteins, thereby activating the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway and death receptor pathway, potentially affecting growth, development, and reproductive toxicity. This study systematically elucidates the molecular mechanism by which TCS induces reproductive toxicity through the oxidative stress-P53 axis, which triggers both the mitochondrial and death receptor apoptotic pathways. Our findings provide important experimental evidence and a theoretical reference for the scientific assessment of TCS-related reproductive health risks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10602,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology","volume":"300 ","pages":"Article 110379"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145430368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Behavioral and biochemical effects of benzophenone-3 ingestion in dusky damselfish Stegastes fuscus 食入二苯甲酮-3对暗鲷的行为和生化影响。

IF 4.3 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology

Pub Date : 2025-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2025.110386

Jéssica Ferreira de Souza , Mayara Moura Silveira , Ana Luisa Pires Moreira , Juliana Alves Costa Ribeiro Souza , Rafael Xavier Martins , Davi Farias , Francisco Carlos da Silva Junior , Ana Carolina Luchiari

Oxybenzone (also known as benzophenone-3 or BP-3) is an organic ultraviolet (UV) filter commonly used in personal care products. BP-3 has been detected in various aquatic environments and is a major concern in reef areas due to their biological richness and vital role in marine ecosystems. This research focused on investigating the effects of BP-3 exposure in dusky damselfish Stegastes fuscus, an endemic species of the Brazilian coast, analyzing behavioral responses, enzymatic biomarkers on encephalon and liver (catalase (CAT), glutathione S-transferase (GST), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)), and general health indicators (growth rate and hepatosomatic index). Adults of S. fuscus were fed a diet containing BP-3 at concentrations of 10 μg/g food and 20 μg/g food for 44 days, with behavioral tests starting after 30 days of exposure. Light-dark preference, novel tank and aggressiveness tests were conducted. Our results showed that BP-3 exposure decreased health indicators and altered fish behavior, decreasing risk-perception and locomotion, although agonistic behavior remained unaffected. Enzymatic assays revealed changes that varied depending on the tissue analyzed. These findings highlight the potential of BP-3 to impair behavioral and physiological processes in reef fish, emphasizing the need for regulations on UV filters to protect marine ecosystems and reef life.

氧苯酮（也称为二苯甲酮-3或BP-3）是一种有机紫外线（UV）过滤器，通常用于个人护理产品。BP-3已在各种水生环境中被检测到，由于其丰富的生物多样性和在海洋生态系统中的重要作用，它是珊瑚礁地区的主要关注点。本研究旨在研究BP-3暴露对巴西海岸特有物种褐豆鲷的影响，分析其行为反应、脑和肝脏酶生物标志物（过氧化氢酶（CAT）、谷胱甘肽s -转移酶（GST）、乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）和乳酸脱氢酶（LDH））以及一般健康指标（生长速度和肝体指数）。以10 μg和20 μg/g的BP-3为饵料饲喂褐曲虫成虫44 天，暴露30 天后开始行为测试。进行了光暗偏好、新槽和侵袭性试验。我们的研究结果表明，BP-3暴露降低了鱼的健康指标，改变了鱼的行为，降低了风险感知和运动，尽管激动行为不受影响。酶分析揭示了不同组织的变化。这些发现强调了BP-3对珊瑚鱼行为和生理过程的潜在影响，强调了对紫外线过滤器进行监管以保护海洋生态系统和珊瑚礁生物的必要性。

{"title":"Behavioral and biochemical effects of benzophenone-3 ingestion in dusky damselfish Stegastes fuscus","authors":"Jéssica Ferreira de Souza , Mayara Moura Silveira , Ana Luisa Pires Moreira , Juliana Alves Costa Ribeiro Souza , Rafael Xavier Martins , Davi Farias , Francisco Carlos da Silva Junior , Ana Carolina Luchiari","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2025.110386","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2025.110386","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Oxybenzone (also known as benzophenone-3 or BP-3) is an organic ultraviolet (UV) filter commonly used in personal care products. BP-3 has been detected in various aquatic environments and is a major concern in reef areas due to their biological richness and vital role in marine ecosystems. This research focused on investigating the effects of BP-3 exposure in dusky damselfish <em>Stegastes fuscus</em>, an endemic species of the Brazilian coast, analyzing behavioral responses, enzymatic biomarkers on encephalon and liver (catalase (CAT), glutathione S-transferase (GST), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)), and general health indicators (growth rate and hepatosomatic index). Adults of <em>S. fuscus</em> were fed a diet containing BP-3 at concentrations of 10 μg/g food and 20 μg/g food for 44 days, with behavioral tests starting after 30 days of exposure. Light-dark preference, novel tank and aggressiveness tests were conducted. Our results showed that BP-3 exposure decreased health indicators and altered fish behavior, decreasing risk-perception and locomotion, although agonistic behavior remained unaffected. Enzymatic assays revealed changes that varied depending on the tissue analyzed. These findings highlight the potential of BP-3 to impair behavioral and physiological processes in reef fish, emphasizing the need for regulations on UV filters to protect marine ecosystems and reef life.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10602,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology","volume":"300 ","pages":"Article 110386"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145430158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0