Haematology provides a vital source of diagnostic information in veterinary medicine. Advancement in technology has improved the availability of in-house automated analysers in first opinion practices, allowing practitioners quick access to complete blood count results to aid day-to-day clinical decisions. Most in-house analysers use flow cytometry or electrical impedence technologies which provide fairly accurate complete blood count results. However, practitioners must exercise care when interpreting these results as sample factors such as lipaemia, haemolysis, and the presence of atypical white blood cells, may have an effect on the accuracy of the results. Interpreting complete blood count results alongside a good quality blood smear is important, as it serves as a quality control tool to assess the accuracy of the complete blood count results and also provides useful information on the cell morphology. Good sample handling and good smear making technique are important to produce a blood smear of diagnostic value.
{"title":"Essential haematology for companion animal vets in first opinion practice","authors":"Sei Ming Lee, Sara Pflaum","doi":"10.12968/coan.2022.0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12968/coan.2022.0011","url":null,"abstract":"Haematology provides a vital source of diagnostic information in veterinary medicine. Advancement in technology has improved the availability of in-house automated analysers in first opinion practices, allowing practitioners quick access to complete blood count results to aid day-to-day clinical decisions. Most in-house analysers use flow cytometry or electrical impedence technologies which provide fairly accurate complete blood count results. However, practitioners must exercise care when interpreting these results as sample factors such as lipaemia, haemolysis, and the presence of atypical white blood cells, may have an effect on the accuracy of the results. Interpreting complete blood count results alongside a good quality blood smear is important, as it serves as a quality control tool to assess the accuracy of the complete blood count results and also provides useful information on the cell morphology. Good sample handling and good smear making technique are important to produce a blood smear of diagnostic value.","PeriodicalId":10606,"journal":{"name":"Companion Animal","volume":"399 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80216046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study was designed to examine the factors that impact emergency veterinarians' decisions in selecting a place of employment and their perceptions of job aspects that are important to foster a work environment conducive to long term employment. An electronic survey was distributed to members of the Veterinary Information Network through its data collection portal. The factors rated by veterinarians as most important in selecting a place of employment include collegiality of co-workers, working with a highly trained support staff, and the opportunity to work fewer, but longer, shifts. Factor analysis identified five factors conducive to long-term employment: schedule, professional growth, environmental tone/atmosphere, medical support, and leadership. The factor found to be most important was leadership. All factors, except for professional growth, were rated as more important by female versus male practitioners. Emergency medicine recruitment and retention efforts can benefit from focusing on schedule, professional growth, environmental tone/atmosphere, medical support and leadership. By better understanding the impact of gender, children status, and years in practice on the perceived importance in creating workplace environments conducive to long term employment, hospitals can be better equipped to meet the needs current employees as well as potential new hires.
{"title":"Good leadership: what emergency veterinarians value most when evaluating job opportunities and employment longevity","authors":"L. Kogan, M. Booth, M. Rishniw","doi":"10.12968/coan.2023.0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12968/coan.2023.0008","url":null,"abstract":"This study was designed to examine the factors that impact emergency veterinarians' decisions in selecting a place of employment and their perceptions of job aspects that are important to foster a work environment conducive to long term employment. An electronic survey was distributed to members of the Veterinary Information Network through its data collection portal. The factors rated by veterinarians as most important in selecting a place of employment include collegiality of co-workers, working with a highly trained support staff, and the opportunity to work fewer, but longer, shifts. Factor analysis identified five factors conducive to long-term employment: schedule, professional growth, environmental tone/atmosphere, medical support, and leadership. The factor found to be most important was leadership. All factors, except for professional growth, were rated as more important by female versus male practitioners. Emergency medicine recruitment and retention efforts can benefit from focusing on schedule, professional growth, environmental tone/atmosphere, medical support and leadership. By better understanding the impact of gender, children status, and years in practice on the perceived importance in creating workplace environments conducive to long term employment, hospitals can be better equipped to meet the needs current employees as well as potential new hires.","PeriodicalId":10606,"journal":{"name":"Companion Animal","volume":"321 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80258494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-02DOI: 10.12968/coan.2023.28.06.66
Angelo Tapia-Araya, Simone Monti, José Sampayo, Francisco Martinez Gomariz, Juan Granados Ortega, Silvia Enciso, Francisco Sánchez-Margallo
Laparoscopic surgery has benefitted from many technical advances, achieving better results and reduced complications in comparison to conventional surgical techniques. Specialist equipment has been developed to better aid the minimally invasive approach, allowing for more precision, becoming a method of choice for biopsy. It is of particular value in patients where the sites are small or present in locations unsuitable for image-guided biopsy, or where adequate tissue cannot be obtained by image-guided biopsy. Laparoscopy has been proven to offer several benefits to the patient both intraoperatively and postoperatively, therefore, it can be said that laparoscopy provides a safe and effective means of obtaining biopsies in small animal practice.
{"title":"Minimally invasive laparoscopic methods of biopsy in small animal practice","authors":"Angelo Tapia-Araya, Simone Monti, José Sampayo, Francisco Martinez Gomariz, Juan Granados Ortega, Silvia Enciso, Francisco Sánchez-Margallo","doi":"10.12968/coan.2023.28.06.66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12968/coan.2023.28.06.66","url":null,"abstract":"Laparoscopic surgery has benefitted from many technical advances, achieving better results and reduced complications in comparison to conventional surgical techniques. Specialist equipment has been developed to better aid the minimally invasive approach, allowing for more precision, becoming a method of choice for biopsy. It is of particular value in patients where the sites are small or present in locations unsuitable for image-guided biopsy, or where adequate tissue cannot be obtained by image-guided biopsy. Laparoscopy has been proven to offer several benefits to the patient both intraoperatively and postoperatively, therefore, it can be said that laparoscopy provides a safe and effective means of obtaining biopsies in small animal practice.","PeriodicalId":10606,"journal":{"name":"Companion Animal","volume":"49 18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136039122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As one of the project leads for the dog friendly clinic scheme, Kate Main, Veterinary Intervention Development Officer at Dogs Trust outlines key areas of how the initiative can improve veterinary visits for dogs.
{"title":"Dog friendly clinics: helping pets have a positive experience","authors":"Kate Main","doi":"10.12968/coan.2023.0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12968/coan.2023.0013","url":null,"abstract":"As one of the project leads for the dog friendly clinic scheme, Kate Main, Veterinary Intervention Development Officer at Dogs Trust outlines key areas of how the initiative can improve veterinary visits for dogs.","PeriodicalId":10606,"journal":{"name":"Companion Animal","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136039124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A 3-year-old Horsfield tortoise was presented for lethargy, anorexia, blepharedema and mucopurulent ocular and nasal discharge. Culture of nasal exudates was negative, but real-time polymerase chain reaction on an oral swab revealed the presence of Mycoplasma agassizii. Multimodal therapy consisted of ocular and nasal flushing, systemic and topical antibiotics, nebulisation, analgesia and supportive care in the form of warmth, fluid therapy and nutritional support. As Mycoplasma spp. remain latent within the body, correction of husbandry and nutritional deficits was particularly important to enhance the animal's immune system, in order to prevent recrudescence of clinical signs. To avoid disease spread, the client was advised against introducing new tortoises into the collection.
{"title":"Management of Mycoplasma agassizii infection in a Horsfield tortoise (Testudo horsfieldii)","authors":"Julie Vandekerckove","doi":"10.12968/coan.2023.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12968/coan.2023.0002","url":null,"abstract":"A 3-year-old Horsfield tortoise was presented for lethargy, anorexia, blepharedema and mucopurulent ocular and nasal discharge. Culture of nasal exudates was negative, but real-time polymerase chain reaction on an oral swab revealed the presence of Mycoplasma agassizii. Multimodal therapy consisted of ocular and nasal flushing, systemic and topical antibiotics, nebulisation, analgesia and supportive care in the form of warmth, fluid therapy and nutritional support. As Mycoplasma spp. remain latent within the body, correction of husbandry and nutritional deficits was particularly important to enhance the animal's immune system, in order to prevent recrudescence of clinical signs. To avoid disease spread, the client was advised against introducing new tortoises into the collection.","PeriodicalId":10606,"journal":{"name":"Companion Animal","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79410400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of this study was to describe the radiological findings of short tibia syndrome and its possible association with cranial cruciate ligament degeneration in dogs. A retrospective study calculated limb length discrepancy, with a particular emphasis on the tibia, using entire hind limb radiographs taken from 84 dogs with long progressive ligamentous degeneration and subsequent rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament and a control group. The control group was subdivided into two groups; group A consisted of nine dogs that had a definite traumatic injury to the stifle before the rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament and had no histological evidence of ligament degeneration, and group B consisted of 22 healthy dogs which had no history, clinical or radiological evidence supporting a diagnosis of cranial cruciate ligament degeneration or rupture, but presented with other orthopaedic conditions that required radiographs of both hind limbs to be performed. In the study population group, all 84 dogs had a statistically significant total limb length discrepancy measurement because of significant underlying tibial asymmetry. Entire hind limbs radiographs showed one tibia appearing shorter than the other and different grades of stifle osteoarthritis. The radiographic investigation showed that 67% of the inter-observer inter-class correlation coefficients had high correlation and the remaining 33% had good correlation. Short tibia syndrome was consistently associated with stifle joint instability, cruciate ligament disease and progressive osteoarthritis. The radiographic investigation made by the three observers showed that tibial measurements were repeatable and reproducible, and the selected tibial measurement protocol had good to high correlation and was therefore dependable and reliable.
{"title":"A study of short tibia syndrome and its association with cranial cruciate ligament degeneration in dogs","authors":"F. Hanna","doi":"10.12968/coan.2022.0029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12968/coan.2022.0029","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to describe the radiological findings of short tibia syndrome and its possible association with cranial cruciate ligament degeneration in dogs. A retrospective study calculated limb length discrepancy, with a particular emphasis on the tibia, using entire hind limb radiographs taken from 84 dogs with long progressive ligamentous degeneration and subsequent rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament and a control group. The control group was subdivided into two groups; group A consisted of nine dogs that had a definite traumatic injury to the stifle before the rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament and had no histological evidence of ligament degeneration, and group B consisted of 22 healthy dogs which had no history, clinical or radiological evidence supporting a diagnosis of cranial cruciate ligament degeneration or rupture, but presented with other orthopaedic conditions that required radiographs of both hind limbs to be performed. In the study population group, all 84 dogs had a statistically significant total limb length discrepancy measurement because of significant underlying tibial asymmetry. Entire hind limbs radiographs showed one tibia appearing shorter than the other and different grades of stifle osteoarthritis. The radiographic investigation showed that 67% of the inter-observer inter-class correlation coefficients had high correlation and the remaining 33% had good correlation. Short tibia syndrome was consistently associated with stifle joint instability, cruciate ligament disease and progressive osteoarthritis. The radiographic investigation made by the three observers showed that tibial measurements were repeatable and reproducible, and the selected tibial measurement protocol had good to high correlation and was therefore dependable and reliable.","PeriodicalId":10606,"journal":{"name":"Companion Animal","volume":"137 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75473620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To celebrate National Puppy Day, Lorna Winter breaks down the five most common ways puppies communicate with us through their body language, and the best way to respond.
{"title":"Decoding puppy behaviour","authors":"Lorna Winter","doi":"10.12968/coan.2023.000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12968/coan.2023.000","url":null,"abstract":"To celebrate National Puppy Day, Lorna Winter breaks down the five most common ways puppies communicate with us through their body language, and the best way to respond.","PeriodicalId":10606,"journal":{"name":"Companion Animal","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73890929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-02DOI: 10.12968/coan.2023.28.00.000
A. Tapia-Araya, Simone Monti, José Sampayo, F. M. Gomariz, Juan Granados Ortega, S. Enciso, F. Sánchez-Margallo
Laparoscopic surgery has benefitted from many technical advances, achieving better results and reduced complications in comparison to conventional surgical techniques. Specialist equipment has been developed to better aid the minimally invasive approach, allowing for more precision, becoming a method of choice for biopsy. It is of particular value in patients where the sites are small or present in locations unsuitable for image-guided biopsy, or where adequate tissue cannot be obtained by image-guided biopsy. Laparoscopy has been proven to offer several benefits to the patient both intraoperatively and postoperatively, therefore, it can be said that laparoscopy provides a safe and effective means of obtaining biopsies in small animal practice.
{"title":"Minimally invasive laparoscopic methods of biopsy in small animal practice","authors":"A. Tapia-Araya, Simone Monti, José Sampayo, F. M. Gomariz, Juan Granados Ortega, S. Enciso, F. Sánchez-Margallo","doi":"10.12968/coan.2023.28.00.000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12968/coan.2023.28.00.000","url":null,"abstract":"Laparoscopic surgery has benefitted from many technical advances, achieving better results and reduced complications in comparison to conventional surgical techniques. Specialist equipment has been developed to better aid the minimally invasive approach, allowing for more precision, becoming a method of choice for biopsy. It is of particular value in patients where the sites are small or present in locations unsuitable for image-guided biopsy, or where adequate tissue cannot be obtained by image-guided biopsy. Laparoscopy has been proven to offer several benefits to the patient both intraoperatively and postoperatively, therefore, it can be said that laparoscopy provides a safe and effective means of obtaining biopsies in small animal practice.","PeriodicalId":10606,"journal":{"name":"Companion Animal","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80963529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Widespread pandemic-related disruption has led to increasingly challenging client interactions. The British Veterinary Association found that 57% of veterinary staff surveyed in 2021 reported feeling intimidated by client behaviour during the previous year; a 10% increase from 2019. The psychological impact of consistently difficult or abusive interactions can be significant and contribute to the high incidences of stress, burnout, attrition and potentially suicide increasingly noted in the industry. This understanding further highlights the need to focus on developing individual self-care strategies and leaders offering appropriate support to their team. Historically, veterinary education has overlooked the importance of training in interpersonal skills, such as communication, conflict resolution and emotional intelligence. However, human and veterinary medicine is evolving with increasing recognition of the significance of communication skills training to help prevent and manage of challenging client behaviour. This may help to ensure practitioners are better prepared for the challenges that await them.
{"title":"Using interpersonal skills to manage challenging client behaviour","authors":"Emma Stansfield","doi":"10.12968/coan.2023.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12968/coan.2023.0004","url":null,"abstract":"Widespread pandemic-related disruption has led to increasingly challenging client interactions. The British Veterinary Association found that 57% of veterinary staff surveyed in 2021 reported feeling intimidated by client behaviour during the previous year; a 10% increase from 2019. The psychological impact of consistently difficult or abusive interactions can be significant and contribute to the high incidences of stress, burnout, attrition and potentially suicide increasingly noted in the industry. This understanding further highlights the need to focus on developing individual self-care strategies and leaders offering appropriate support to their team. Historically, veterinary education has overlooked the importance of training in interpersonal skills, such as communication, conflict resolution and emotional intelligence. However, human and veterinary medicine is evolving with increasing recognition of the significance of communication skills training to help prevent and manage of challenging client behaviour. This may help to ensure practitioners are better prepared for the challenges that await them.","PeriodicalId":10606,"journal":{"name":"Companion Animal","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135311184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Snake and lizard skin is highly adapted to being tough and impervious, reflecting their evolutionary emergence in a more arid lifestyle. These special features include the formation of scales and the need to shed the skin at intervals to permit growth. To the clinician, these adaptations present a different range of diseases compared to those in more ‘routine’ species, most of all, the need for a different approach to their investigation. This article looks at the most common clinical signs of dermatological diseases in snakes and lizards and explains how to investigate based on the differential diagnoses for each sign.
{"title":"Dermatological diseases of snakes and lizards and how to investigate them","authors":"J. Chitty","doi":"10.12968/coan.2022.0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12968/coan.2022.0025","url":null,"abstract":"Snake and lizard skin is highly adapted to being tough and impervious, reflecting their evolutionary emergence in a more arid lifestyle. These special features include the formation of scales and the need to shed the skin at intervals to permit growth. To the clinician, these adaptations present a different range of diseases compared to those in more ‘routine’ species, most of all, the need for a different approach to their investigation. This article looks at the most common clinical signs of dermatological diseases in snakes and lizards and explains how to investigate based on the differential diagnoses for each sign.","PeriodicalId":10606,"journal":{"name":"Companion Animal","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76908005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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