The objective of this retrospective cohort study was to evaluate the prevalence, risk factors and level of clinically apparent disease associated with appendicular osteoarthritis in a population of rabbits under veterinary care. Computed tomography reports of 311 rabbits taken for any reason over a 4-year period were evaluated for recorded evidence of appendicular osteoarthritis and the joint(s) affected. Risk factors including age, weight, body condition, breed, sex and neuter status were investigated. In rabbits with evidence of osteoarthritis, clinical notes were examined to evaluate if the condition was clinically apparent. Out of 311 computed tomography reports, 61 described evidence of osteoarthritis (19.6%). The most common joints affected were the elbow and stifle. No significant relationship between sex, body condition and neuter status in males and presence of osteoarthritis was found. A statistically significant relationship between greater age, greater weight and neuter status in females and the presence of osteoarthritis was found. Only 9 out of 61 (14.8%) of the rabbits with computed tomography evidence of osteoarthritis had clinical signs of osteoarthritis recorded in the clinical notes. Following the results of this study, it may be concluded that greater age and weight, as well as female neuter status, are related to increased risk of appendicular osteoarthritis in rabbits, but changes on imaging may relate poorly to clinically apparent disease.
{"title":"Incidental osteoarthritis: risk factors, prevalence and clinical evidence in rabbits","authors":"Fatima Bagha, Emma Keeble","doi":"10.12968/coan.2023.0049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12968/coan.2023.0049","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this retrospective cohort study was to evaluate the prevalence, risk factors and level of clinically apparent disease associated with appendicular osteoarthritis in a population of rabbits under veterinary care. Computed tomography reports of 311 rabbits taken for any reason over a 4-year period were evaluated for recorded evidence of appendicular osteoarthritis and the joint(s) affected. Risk factors including age, weight, body condition, breed, sex and neuter status were investigated. In rabbits with evidence of osteoarthritis, clinical notes were examined to evaluate if the condition was clinically apparent. Out of 311 computed tomography reports, 61 described evidence of osteoarthritis (19.6%). The most common joints affected were the elbow and stifle. No significant relationship between sex, body condition and neuter status in males and presence of osteoarthritis was found. A statistically significant relationship between greater age, greater weight and neuter status in females and the presence of osteoarthritis was found. Only 9 out of 61 (14.8%) of the rabbits with computed tomography evidence of osteoarthritis had clinical signs of osteoarthritis recorded in the clinical notes. Following the results of this study, it may be concluded that greater age and weight, as well as female neuter status, are related to increased risk of appendicular osteoarthritis in rabbits, but changes on imaging may relate poorly to clinically apparent disease.","PeriodicalId":10606,"journal":{"name":"Companion Animal","volume":"76 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139683518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A 3-year-old female spayed English Cocker Spaniel presented with a 2-month history of lethargy. The owner reported a single tonic-clonic seizure 7 months before presentation and intermittent mild gastrointestinal signs for the past 18 months. Initial investigations revealed hyponatraemia, hyperkalaemia and increased levels of liver enzymes. An adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulation test excluded hypocortisolism. The gastrointestinal signs resolved following a dietary change, suggesting that chronic enteropathy and most primary and secondary causes of hepatic disease were excluded, leaving idiopathic chronic hepatitis as the most likely cause of increased levels of liver enzymes. Liver parameters reduced to levels just above reference range after immunosuppressive doses of prednisolone. Aldosterone levels pre- and post-adrenocorticotrophic hormone stimulation were <20 pmol/litre, consistent with mineralocorticoid deficiency. The mineralocorticoid deficiency was treated with desoxycorticosterone pivalate at 1–1.3 mg/kg subcutaneously every 48–87 days, which resulted in immediate and complete resolution of the clinical signs and electrolyte imbalance. Given the dog's signalment and results from clinical investigations, the isolated hypoaldosteronism is speculated to be caused by immune-mediated adrenal gland destruction. Isolated hypoaldosteronism should be considered a differential diagnosis for hyponatraemia in dogs, when an adrenocorticotrophic hormone stimulation test excludes hypocortisolism.
{"title":"Primary hypoaldosteronism in a dog with concurrent suspected chronic hepatitis","authors":"Marina Hernández Perelló, Carolina Albuquerque","doi":"10.12968/coan.2023.0043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12968/coan.2023.0043","url":null,"abstract":"A 3-year-old female spayed English Cocker Spaniel presented with a 2-month history of lethargy. The owner reported a single tonic-clonic seizure 7 months before presentation and intermittent mild gastrointestinal signs for the past 18 months. Initial investigations revealed hyponatraemia, hyperkalaemia and increased levels of liver enzymes. An adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulation test excluded hypocortisolism. The gastrointestinal signs resolved following a dietary change, suggesting that chronic enteropathy and most primary and secondary causes of hepatic disease were excluded, leaving idiopathic chronic hepatitis as the most likely cause of increased levels of liver enzymes. Liver parameters reduced to levels just above reference range after immunosuppressive doses of prednisolone. Aldosterone levels pre- and post-adrenocorticotrophic hormone stimulation were <20 pmol/litre, consistent with mineralocorticoid deficiency. The mineralocorticoid deficiency was treated with desoxycorticosterone pivalate at 1–1.3 mg/kg subcutaneously every 48–87 days, which resulted in immediate and complete resolution of the clinical signs and electrolyte imbalance. Given the dog's signalment and results from clinical investigations, the isolated hypoaldosteronism is speculated to be caused by immune-mediated adrenal gland destruction. Isolated hypoaldosteronism should be considered a differential diagnosis for hyponatraemia in dogs, when an adrenocorticotrophic hormone stimulation test excludes hypocortisolism.","PeriodicalId":10606,"journal":{"name":"Companion Animal","volume":"112 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139810112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Katarzyna Atmaca, Hilario González Montaño, Hannah Padley, Catrina Pennington
A two-year-old, male, neutered, crossbreed dog was presented to Anderson Moores Veterinary Specialists with a history of bilateral pelvic limb lameness. Right pelvic limb lameness was first noted 3 months prior to presentation. Right superficial digital flexor tendon tendinopathy and associated bursitis were diagnosed based on computed tomography scans performed by the referring veterinarian. Conservative management, consisting of analgesia and exercise restriction, did not resolve the clinical signs and referral was sought. At the time of presentation, left pelvic limb lameness of 1 week's duration was reported additionally by the owner. Clinical examination and imaging findings were consistent with bilateral superficial digital flexor tendon luxation. Surgical management consisting of relocation of the superficial digital flexor tendon into the central position of the calcaneal groove alongside a retinaculoplasty and calcaneoplasty was performed bilaterally. Half-cast dressings were placed on both pelvic limbs and were removed after 3 weeks due to mild soft tissue complications. The patient was cage rested for 5 weeks in total. The re-examination 8 weeks after surgical treatment revealed that the tendons remained stable and could not be manually luxated.
一只两岁大的雄性杂交犬因双侧骨盆肢体跛行来到 Anderson Moores 兽医专科就诊。首次发现右侧骨盆肢体跛行是在就诊前 3 个月。根据转诊兽医进行的计算机断层扫描，确诊为右侧浅层数字屈肌腱肌腱病变和相关滑囊炎。保守治疗包括镇痛和限制运动，但并不能消除临床症状，因此需要转诊。就诊时，狗主人还报告说它的左侧骨盆肢体跛行了 1 周。临床检查和影像学检查结果一致，为双侧数字屈肌腱浅层松弛。手术治疗包括将浅层数字屈肌腱移至小腿骨沟的中央位置，同时进行视网膜成形术和小腿骨成形术。在双侧骨盆肢体上放置了半石膏敷料，3周后因轻微的软组织并发症而拆除。患者总共在笼中休息了 5 周。手术治疗8周后的复查显示，肌腱保持稳定，无法手动松动。
{"title":"Surgical treatment of a bilateral superficial flexor tendon luxation","authors":"Katarzyna Atmaca, Hilario González Montaño, Hannah Padley, Catrina Pennington","doi":"10.12968/coan.2023.0069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12968/coan.2023.0069","url":null,"abstract":"A two-year-old, male, neutered, crossbreed dog was presented to Anderson Moores Veterinary Specialists with a history of bilateral pelvic limb lameness. Right pelvic limb lameness was first noted 3 months prior to presentation. Right superficial digital flexor tendon tendinopathy and associated bursitis were diagnosed based on computed tomography scans performed by the referring veterinarian. Conservative management, consisting of analgesia and exercise restriction, did not resolve the clinical signs and referral was sought. At the time of presentation, left pelvic limb lameness of 1 week's duration was reported additionally by the owner. Clinical examination and imaging findings were consistent with bilateral superficial digital flexor tendon luxation. Surgical management consisting of relocation of the superficial digital flexor tendon into the central position of the calcaneal groove alongside a retinaculoplasty and calcaneoplasty was performed bilaterally. Half-cast dressings were placed on both pelvic limbs and were removed after 3 weeks due to mild soft tissue complications. The patient was cage rested for 5 weeks in total. The re-examination 8 weeks after surgical treatment revealed that the tendons remained stable and could not be manually luxated.","PeriodicalId":10606,"journal":{"name":"Companion Animal","volume":"39 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139868662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Katarzyna Atmaca, Hilario González Montaño, Hannah Padley, Catrina Pennington
A two-year-old, male, neutered, crossbreed dog was presented to Anderson Moores Veterinary Specialists with a history of bilateral pelvic limb lameness. Right pelvic limb lameness was first noted 3 months prior to presentation. Right superficial digital flexor tendon tendinopathy and associated bursitis were diagnosed based on computed tomography scans performed by the referring veterinarian. Conservative management, consisting of analgesia and exercise restriction, did not resolve the clinical signs and referral was sought. At the time of presentation, left pelvic limb lameness of 1 week's duration was reported additionally by the owner. Clinical examination and imaging findings were consistent with bilateral superficial digital flexor tendon luxation. Surgical management consisting of relocation of the superficial digital flexor tendon into the central position of the calcaneal groove alongside a retinaculoplasty and calcaneoplasty was performed bilaterally. Half-cast dressings were placed on both pelvic limbs and were removed after 3 weeks due to mild soft tissue complications. The patient was cage rested for 5 weeks in total. The re-examination 8 weeks after surgical treatment revealed that the tendons remained stable and could not be manually luxated.
一只两岁大的雄性杂交犬因双侧骨盆肢体跛行来到 Anderson Moores 兽医专科就诊。首次发现右侧骨盆肢体跛行是在就诊前 3 个月。根据转诊兽医进行的计算机断层扫描，确诊为右侧浅层数字屈肌腱肌腱病变和相关滑囊炎。保守治疗包括镇痛和限制运动，但并不能消除临床症状，因此需要转诊。就诊时，狗主人还报告说它的左侧骨盆肢体跛行了 1 周。临床检查和影像学检查结果一致，为双侧数字屈肌腱浅层松弛。手术治疗包括将浅层数字屈肌腱移至小腿骨沟的中央位置，同时进行视网膜成形术和小腿骨成形术。在双侧骨盆肢体上放置了半石膏敷料，3周后因轻微的软组织并发症而拆除。患者总共在笼中休息了 5 周。手术治疗8周后的复查显示，肌腱保持稳定，无法手动松动。
{"title":"Surgical treatment of a bilateral superficial flexor tendon luxation","authors":"Katarzyna Atmaca, Hilario González Montaño, Hannah Padley, Catrina Pennington","doi":"10.12968/coan.2023.0069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12968/coan.2023.0069","url":null,"abstract":"A two-year-old, male, neutered, crossbreed dog was presented to Anderson Moores Veterinary Specialists with a history of bilateral pelvic limb lameness. Right pelvic limb lameness was first noted 3 months prior to presentation. Right superficial digital flexor tendon tendinopathy and associated bursitis were diagnosed based on computed tomography scans performed by the referring veterinarian. Conservative management, consisting of analgesia and exercise restriction, did not resolve the clinical signs and referral was sought. At the time of presentation, left pelvic limb lameness of 1 week's duration was reported additionally by the owner. Clinical examination and imaging findings were consistent with bilateral superficial digital flexor tendon luxation. Surgical management consisting of relocation of the superficial digital flexor tendon into the central position of the calcaneal groove alongside a retinaculoplasty and calcaneoplasty was performed bilaterally. Half-cast dressings were placed on both pelvic limbs and were removed after 3 weeks due to mild soft tissue complications. The patient was cage rested for 5 weeks in total. The re-examination 8 weeks after surgical treatment revealed that the tendons remained stable and could not be manually luxated.","PeriodicalId":10606,"journal":{"name":"Companion Animal","volume":"66 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139808870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A 3-year-old female spayed English Cocker Spaniel presented with a 2-month history of lethargy. The owner reported a single tonic-clonic seizure 7 months before presentation and intermittent mild gastrointestinal signs for the past 18 months. Initial investigations revealed hyponatraemia, hyperkalaemia and increased levels of liver enzymes. An adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulation test excluded hypocortisolism. The gastrointestinal signs resolved following a dietary change, suggesting that chronic enteropathy and most primary and secondary causes of hepatic disease were excluded, leaving idiopathic chronic hepatitis as the most likely cause of increased levels of liver enzymes. Liver parameters reduced to levels just above reference range after immunosuppressive doses of prednisolone. Aldosterone levels pre- and post-adrenocorticotrophic hormone stimulation were <20 pmol/litre, consistent with mineralocorticoid deficiency. The mineralocorticoid deficiency was treated with desoxycorticosterone pivalate at 1–1.3 mg/kg subcutaneously every 48–87 days, which resulted in immediate and complete resolution of the clinical signs and electrolyte imbalance. Given the dog's signalment and results from clinical investigations, the isolated hypoaldosteronism is speculated to be caused by immune-mediated adrenal gland destruction. Isolated hypoaldosteronism should be considered a differential diagnosis for hyponatraemia in dogs, when an adrenocorticotrophic hormone stimulation test excludes hypocortisolism.
{"title":"Primary hypoaldosteronism in a dog with concurrent suspected chronic hepatitis","authors":"Marina Hernández Perelló, Carolina Albuquerque","doi":"10.12968/coan.2023.0043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12968/coan.2023.0043","url":null,"abstract":"A 3-year-old female spayed English Cocker Spaniel presented with a 2-month history of lethargy. The owner reported a single tonic-clonic seizure 7 months before presentation and intermittent mild gastrointestinal signs for the past 18 months. Initial investigations revealed hyponatraemia, hyperkalaemia and increased levels of liver enzymes. An adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulation test excluded hypocortisolism. The gastrointestinal signs resolved following a dietary change, suggesting that chronic enteropathy and most primary and secondary causes of hepatic disease were excluded, leaving idiopathic chronic hepatitis as the most likely cause of increased levels of liver enzymes. Liver parameters reduced to levels just above reference range after immunosuppressive doses of prednisolone. Aldosterone levels pre- and post-adrenocorticotrophic hormone stimulation were <20 pmol/litre, consistent with mineralocorticoid deficiency. The mineralocorticoid deficiency was treated with desoxycorticosterone pivalate at 1–1.3 mg/kg subcutaneously every 48–87 days, which resulted in immediate and complete resolution of the clinical signs and electrolyte imbalance. Given the dog's signalment and results from clinical investigations, the isolated hypoaldosteronism is speculated to be caused by immune-mediated adrenal gland destruction. Isolated hypoaldosteronism should be considered a differential diagnosis for hyponatraemia in dogs, when an adrenocorticotrophic hormone stimulation test excludes hypocortisolism.","PeriodicalId":10606,"journal":{"name":"Companion Animal","volume":"60 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139870067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The intraocular lens is uniquely designed to aid focused vision, and diseases of the lens such as cataracts are a common cause of blindness in dogs. The causes of cataracts are discussed including the main aetiologies such as hereditary cataract, senile and diabetic cataracts. The article focuses on dogs, as cataracts are less common in cats, although traumatic cataracts and rarely, inherited, congenital and developmental cataracts do occur in felines. The article discusses ways to examine and classify a cataract; the best way to diagnose an early cataract is examination with a veterinary ophthalmologist. Early detection is important, as it is not advised to breed from dogs affected with hereditary cataracts. Surgical extraction is currently the only method to remove a cataract and restore vision, and the common complications of cataract surgery are also explored.
{"title":"Canine cataracts","authors":"Helen Appelboam","doi":"10.12968/coan.2023.0053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12968/coan.2023.0053","url":null,"abstract":"The intraocular lens is uniquely designed to aid focused vision, and diseases of the lens such as cataracts are a common cause of blindness in dogs. The causes of cataracts are discussed including the main aetiologies such as hereditary cataract, senile and diabetic cataracts. The article focuses on dogs, as cataracts are less common in cats, although traumatic cataracts and rarely, inherited, congenital and developmental cataracts do occur in felines. The article discusses ways to examine and classify a cataract; the best way to diagnose an early cataract is examination with a veterinary ophthalmologist. Early detection is important, as it is not advised to breed from dogs affected with hereditary cataracts. Surgical extraction is currently the only method to remove a cataract and restore vision, and the common complications of cataract surgery are also explored.","PeriodicalId":10606,"journal":{"name":"Companion Animal","volume":"14 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139452236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Phaeochromocytomas are neuroendocrine tumours arising from chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla. Clinical signs are primarily associated with excessive catecholamine secretion and, to a lesser extent, with the space-occupying or invasive nature of the tumour. The diagnosis of phaeochromocytoma relies on clinical suspicion, biochemical testing, diagnostic imaging and histopathology. Biochemical testing mainly depends on the measurement of levels of plasma or urinary metanephrines, with normetanephrine demonstrating superior diagnostic performance compared to metanephrine. Adrenalectomy is the treatment of choice, but may not be possible in cases with extensive local invasion, concurrent disorders or distant metastasis. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography is recommended for surgical planning and metastasis screening. Vascular invasion is frequently observed, yet surgery remains a viable option in many cases. Recent studies question the necessity of alpha-blockade before surgery, and randomised controlled clinical trials are necessary to evaluate this. Long-term survival is often seen in dogs that survive the perioperative period. For patients in which surgery is not deemed feasible, medical treatment with tyrosine-kinase inhibitors may be considered. Given the current scarcity of effective medical treatment, there is an urgent need to identify novel therapeutic options. This review provides recommendations on the diagnosis and management of canine phaeochromocytoma.
{"title":"Canine phaeochromocytoma: a guide to diagnosis and treatment","authors":"M. F. van den Berg, S. Galac","doi":"10.12968/coan.2023.0036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12968/coan.2023.0036","url":null,"abstract":"Phaeochromocytomas are neuroendocrine tumours arising from chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla. Clinical signs are primarily associated with excessive catecholamine secretion and, to a lesser extent, with the space-occupying or invasive nature of the tumour. The diagnosis of phaeochromocytoma relies on clinical suspicion, biochemical testing, diagnostic imaging and histopathology. Biochemical testing mainly depends on the measurement of levels of plasma or urinary metanephrines, with normetanephrine demonstrating superior diagnostic performance compared to metanephrine. Adrenalectomy is the treatment of choice, but may not be possible in cases with extensive local invasion, concurrent disorders or distant metastasis. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography is recommended for surgical planning and metastasis screening. Vascular invasion is frequently observed, yet surgery remains a viable option in many cases. Recent studies question the necessity of alpha-blockade before surgery, and randomised controlled clinical trials are necessary to evaluate this. Long-term survival is often seen in dogs that survive the perioperative period. For patients in which surgery is not deemed feasible, medical treatment with tyrosine-kinase inhibitors may be considered. Given the current scarcity of effective medical treatment, there is an urgent need to identify novel therapeutic options. This review provides recommendations on the diagnosis and management of canine phaeochromocytoma.","PeriodicalId":10606,"journal":{"name":"Companion Animal","volume":"135 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139453097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Deciduous teeth should erupt and exfoliate in the few months before a dog enters adulthood. For this reason, there is often reluctance or a lack of knowledge as to why these teeth may need to be extracted. However, there are three main indications for the extraction of deciduous teeth; injury or fracture; persistence of a deciduous tooth; or to manage a malocclusion with extractions, which is also known as ‘interceptive orthodontics’. The extractions for all three indications are time sensitive. They should be viewed as urgent in the case of fractures, and procedures to perform as soon as possible for the other indications. Extraction should be done with a careful open approach; they need to be complete, and radiographs are essential.
{"title":"Why, when and how to successfully extract a deciduous tooth","authors":"Tom Rhys Williams","doi":"10.12968/coan.2023.0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12968/coan.2023.0027","url":null,"abstract":"Deciduous teeth should erupt and exfoliate in the few months before a dog enters adulthood. For this reason, there is often reluctance or a lack of knowledge as to why these teeth may need to be extracted. However, there are three main indications for the extraction of deciduous teeth; injury or fracture; persistence of a deciduous tooth; or to manage a malocclusion with extractions, which is also known as ‘interceptive orthodontics’. The extractions for all three indications are time sensitive. They should be viewed as urgent in the case of fractures, and procedures to perform as soon as possible for the other indications. Extraction should be done with a careful open approach; they need to be complete, and radiographs are essential.","PeriodicalId":10606,"journal":{"name":"Companion Animal","volume":"142 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139452995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Feline gastrointestinal eosinophilic sclerosing fibroplasia is a recently described disease in cats that presents as eosinophilic masses that are associated with the gastrointestinal tract and associated abdominal lymph nodes, often localised near the pylorus or ileocaecocolic junction. Feline gastrointestinal eosinophilic sclerosing fibroplasia is seen predominantly in middle-aged cats, with Ragdoll cats being overrepresented. Clinical signs are often chronic, typically including weight loss, hyporexia and vomiting. Bloodwork abnormalities most frequently documented in cats with feline gastrointestinal eosinophilic sclerosing fibroplasia are eosinophilia, anaemia and hypoalbuminaemia. The diagnosis of feline gastrointestinal eosinophilic sclerosing fibroplasia is usually confirmed on histopathology and infectious organisms are identified in about one-to two-thirds of cases in different studies. Corticosteroids are important in the treatment of cats with feline gastrointestinal eosinophilic sclerosing fibroplasia, with cats being treated by surgery alone having a significantly shorter survival time than those cats treated with surgery and corticosteroids combined.
{"title":"Understanding feline gastrointestinal eosinophilic sclerosing fibroplasia","authors":"P. Černá","doi":"10.12968/coan.2023.0050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12968/coan.2023.0050","url":null,"abstract":"Feline gastrointestinal eosinophilic sclerosing fibroplasia is a recently described disease in cats that presents as eosinophilic masses that are associated with the gastrointestinal tract and associated abdominal lymph nodes, often localised near the pylorus or ileocaecocolic junction. Feline gastrointestinal eosinophilic sclerosing fibroplasia is seen predominantly in middle-aged cats, with Ragdoll cats being overrepresented. Clinical signs are often chronic, typically including weight loss, hyporexia and vomiting. Bloodwork abnormalities most frequently documented in cats with feline gastrointestinal eosinophilic sclerosing fibroplasia are eosinophilia, anaemia and hypoalbuminaemia. The diagnosis of feline gastrointestinal eosinophilic sclerosing fibroplasia is usually confirmed on histopathology and infectious organisms are identified in about one-to two-thirds of cases in different studies. Corticosteroids are important in the treatment of cats with feline gastrointestinal eosinophilic sclerosing fibroplasia, with cats being treated by surgery alone having a significantly shorter survival time than those cats treated with surgery and corticosteroids combined.","PeriodicalId":10606,"journal":{"name":"Companion Animal","volume":"140 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139453266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Closing the year at the London Vet Show","authors":"Gillian Davies","doi":"10.12968/coan.2023.0068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12968/coan.2023.0068","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10606,"journal":{"name":"Companion Animal","volume":"32 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138985594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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