Pub Date : 2023-09-28DOI: 10.1177/26349833231186162
Nilesh D Ghetiya, Shalok Bharti, Kaushik M Patel, Sudhir Kumar, Seyed Saeid Rahimian Koloor
Aluminum alloys are known for their extensive use in aerospace, automobile, marine, etc., industries due to their excellent inherent properties. Recent studies have developed different methods to modify the surface properties of aluminum by producing surface composites, such as the friction stir processing (FSP) method. The current study made an effort to develop a new hybrid surface composite of AA5083/(SiC-Gr) using the FSP method. For FSP process optimization, the response surface methodology (RSM) has been used. For creating the mathematical model using RSM, various input process parameters of the FSP are selected to predict the output characteristics of the prepared hybrid composite. A Box–Behnken design was used for the process with four factors, each factor was used with three levels, and the RSM was utilized to form a regression model to predict the responses. The ANOVA analysis suggests that NoP (number of passes): 3 and RV (reinforcement volume): 75:25 (SiC: Gr) ratio are the significant parameters of the study with a p-value less than .05. The novelty of this study lies in the development of a new hybrid surface composite of AA5083/(SiC-Gr) using the friction stir processing (FSP) method, with optimization achieved through the response surface methodology (RSM) and multi-objective selection criteria, resulting in predicted outcomes within a range of ±10% of the experimental observations.
{"title":"An insight on optimization of FSP process parameters for the preparation of AA5083/(SiC-Gr) hybrid surface composites using the response surface methodology","authors":"Nilesh D Ghetiya, Shalok Bharti, Kaushik M Patel, Sudhir Kumar, Seyed Saeid Rahimian Koloor","doi":"10.1177/26349833231186162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/26349833231186162","url":null,"abstract":"Aluminum alloys are known for their extensive use in aerospace, automobile, marine, etc., industries due to their excellent inherent properties. Recent studies have developed different methods to modify the surface properties of aluminum by producing surface composites, such as the friction stir processing (FSP) method. The current study made an effort to develop a new hybrid surface composite of AA5083/(SiC-Gr) using the FSP method. For FSP process optimization, the response surface methodology (RSM) has been used. For creating the mathematical model using RSM, various input process parameters of the FSP are selected to predict the output characteristics of the prepared hybrid composite. A Box–Behnken design was used for the process with four factors, each factor was used with three levels, and the RSM was utilized to form a regression model to predict the responses. The ANOVA analysis suggests that NoP (number of passes): 3 and RV (reinforcement volume): 75:25 (SiC: Gr) ratio are the significant parameters of the study with a p-value less than .05. The novelty of this study lies in the development of a new hybrid surface composite of AA5083/(SiC-Gr) using the friction stir processing (FSP) method, with optimization achieved through the response surface methodology (RSM) and multi-objective selection criteria, resulting in predicted outcomes within a range of ±10% of the experimental observations.","PeriodicalId":10608,"journal":{"name":"Composites and Advanced Materials","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135425395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-25DOI: 10.1177/26349833231200907
Elizabeth Mekonnen Feyissa, Adane Dagnaw Gudayu
The use and disposal of traditional fiber-reinforced polymer composites is an important environmental challenge as one of the factors contributing to worsening climate change. The primary objective of this research is to synthesize thermoplastic starch (TPS) from edible banana skins which can potentially be used as a matrix to produce bio-composite films. For the synthesis of TPS, the preparation of banana peels was performed followed by plasticization to obtain the banana peels TPS. For bio-composite film fabrication, the TPS was mixed with short false banana fibers (FBF) (10–30% by weight of the film) with an electronic blender to form a uniform dispersion of the fibers in the TPS. The FBF/TPS blend was applied uniformly on the surface of the rectangular metal mold. The autoclave method has been adopted for curing and molding the bio-composite film. Then, it was hot pressed varying the temperature and pressure from 131–141 OC to 3–6 MPa, respectively, to obtain the final cured film. The specimen was then solidified or hardened at ambient temperature. Finally, optimization of process parameters, fiber content, and their interaction effects on the tear strength, tensile strength, and bending modulus of the bio composite films were conducted using response surface methodology. The results indicate that both the effects of one factor and the interaction of factors have a significant effect on the mechanical properties of composite films. The optimum processing parameters for TPS production are a temperature of 50 OC and a drying time of 24 h. The optimal result indicates that, at 30% fiber loading, the optimum processing temperature and pressure are 135.14°C and 4.33 MPa, respectively, resulting in a composite film with good mechanical properties.
{"title":"Synthesis of starch-derived biopolymer reinforced Enset fiber green composite packaging films: Processes and properties optimization","authors":"Elizabeth Mekonnen Feyissa, Adane Dagnaw Gudayu","doi":"10.1177/26349833231200907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/26349833231200907","url":null,"abstract":"The use and disposal of traditional fiber-reinforced polymer composites is an important environmental challenge as one of the factors contributing to worsening climate change. The primary objective of this research is to synthesize thermoplastic starch (TPS) from edible banana skins which can potentially be used as a matrix to produce bio-composite films. For the synthesis of TPS, the preparation of banana peels was performed followed by plasticization to obtain the banana peels TPS. For bio-composite film fabrication, the TPS was mixed with short false banana fibers (FBF) (10–30% by weight of the film) with an electronic blender to form a uniform dispersion of the fibers in the TPS. The FBF/TPS blend was applied uniformly on the surface of the rectangular metal mold. The autoclave method has been adopted for curing and molding the bio-composite film. Then, it was hot pressed varying the temperature and pressure from 131–141 OC to 3–6 MPa, respectively, to obtain the final cured film. The specimen was then solidified or hardened at ambient temperature. Finally, optimization of process parameters, fiber content, and their interaction effects on the tear strength, tensile strength, and bending modulus of the bio composite films were conducted using response surface methodology. The results indicate that both the effects of one factor and the interaction of factors have a significant effect on the mechanical properties of composite films. The optimum processing parameters for TPS production are a temperature of 50 OC and a drying time of 24 h. The optimal result indicates that, at 30% fiber loading, the optimum processing temperature and pressure are 135.14°C and 4.33 MPa, respectively, resulting in a composite film with good mechanical properties.","PeriodicalId":10608,"journal":{"name":"Composites and Advanced Materials","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135770981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-22DOI: 10.1177/26349833231203742
Sabreen Waleed Ibrahim, Thekra Ismael Hamad
Using coated implant materials has been demonstrated to enhance bone regeneration and expedite healing around implant sites significantly. Generally, employing a polymeric matrix reinforced with ceramic materials has been considered a promising composite material for the coating of implants. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of mixing varying concentrations of nano-barium titanate (nanoBaTiO3) (9, 18, and 36 wt%) to polycaprolactone (PCL) (18 wt%) on the properties of coatings applied to commercially pure titanium (CpTi) and Ti13Nb13Zr alloys implant materials. The electrospinning technique was utilised to fabricate the coatings, and the samples were characterised using atomic force microscopy (AFM) to investigate the composite coating’s surface roughness and topography; the incorporation of a high amount of BaTiO3 resulted in increased roughness of the coating layer on CpTi and Ti13Nb13Zr alloys (69.78 nm and 96.88 nm, respectively). Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) was used to investigate the surface morphology; the fibre diameters of BT/PCL composite were 80 to 534 nm for different mixture concentrations. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) verified the chemical bonds in the composite coating. Results indicated that increasing the proportion of nano-barium titanate in the coating composition reduced water contact angles and enhanced the adhesion strength of the composite coating to the substrate. These findings provide valuable information for developing new coating materials to promote the growth of new bone and accelerate healing around implants.
{"title":"Electrospun nano-barium titanate/polycaprolactone composite coatings on titanium and Ti13Nb13Zr alloy","authors":"Sabreen Waleed Ibrahim, Thekra Ismael Hamad","doi":"10.1177/26349833231203742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/26349833231203742","url":null,"abstract":"Using coated implant materials has been demonstrated to enhance bone regeneration and expedite healing around implant sites significantly. Generally, employing a polymeric matrix reinforced with ceramic materials has been considered a promising composite material for the coating of implants. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of mixing varying concentrations of nano-barium titanate (nanoBaTiO3) (9, 18, and 36 wt%) to polycaprolactone (PCL) (18 wt%) on the properties of coatings applied to commercially pure titanium (CpTi) and Ti13Nb13Zr alloys implant materials. The electrospinning technique was utilised to fabricate the coatings, and the samples were characterised using atomic force microscopy (AFM) to investigate the composite coating’s surface roughness and topography; the incorporation of a high amount of BaTiO3 resulted in increased roughness of the coating layer on CpTi and Ti13Nb13Zr alloys (69.78 nm and 96.88 nm, respectively). Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) was used to investigate the surface morphology; the fibre diameters of BT/PCL composite were 80 to 534 nm for different mixture concentrations. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) verified the chemical bonds in the composite coating. Results indicated that increasing the proportion of nano-barium titanate in the coating composition reduced water contact angles and enhanced the adhesion strength of the composite coating to the substrate. These findings provide valuable information for developing new coating materials to promote the growth of new bone and accelerate healing around implants.","PeriodicalId":10608,"journal":{"name":"Composites and Advanced Materials","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136062280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-18DOI: 10.1177/26349833231188980
J. Olusanya, T. Mohan, K. Kanny
In this paper, fracture toughness of banana fiber reinforced thermoplastic starch (BF_TPS) material was studied. Fiber weight percent (30, 40, and 50 wt.%) to starch polymer was fabricated using hot press at a pressure of 5 MPa of 160°C for 30 min. Experimental result shows that 40 wt.% BF_TPS biocomposite gave optimum tensile strength. Furthermore, nanoclay with varying weight percentage (1–5 wt.%) of dry cornstarch (CS) powder was added to enhance the property of the optimum 40 wt.% BF_TPS biocomposite, hence, forming hybrid clay/BF_TPS biocomposite. Tensile, impact, and fracture mechanics (Mode I fracture test) through Single End Notched Bending (SENB) Test were studied concurrently. Thermal properties and degradations were equally studied through Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). Results show that tensile strength and impact resistance increased to the maximum of 65% and 15.6%, respectively, at 3 wt.% clay addition. Critical stress intensity factor ( K IC) was approximately higher by 276% when compared to neat BF_TPS material. Strain energy release rates ( G IC) values were minimal. Delamination and catastrophic failures occurred with less fiber crack propagation along the crack initiation notches. In TGA, less weight reduction was observed at 3 wt.% clay/BF_TPS material, while a positive shift occurred in DMA tan delta (Tan δ) T g by 30°C. The micrography of the clay-enhanced biocomposites resulted in better bonding interaction between the polymer and fiber.
{"title":"Fracture toughness of hybrid natural fiber/nanoclay reinforced starch biocomposite material","authors":"J. Olusanya, T. Mohan, K. Kanny","doi":"10.1177/26349833231188980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/26349833231188980","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, fracture toughness of banana fiber reinforced thermoplastic starch (BF_TPS) material was studied. Fiber weight percent (30, 40, and 50 wt.%) to starch polymer was fabricated using hot press at a pressure of 5 MPa of 160°C for 30 min. Experimental result shows that 40 wt.% BF_TPS biocomposite gave optimum tensile strength. Furthermore, nanoclay with varying weight percentage (1–5 wt.%) of dry cornstarch (CS) powder was added to enhance the property of the optimum 40 wt.% BF_TPS biocomposite, hence, forming hybrid clay/BF_TPS biocomposite. Tensile, impact, and fracture mechanics (Mode I fracture test) through Single End Notched Bending (SENB) Test were studied concurrently. Thermal properties and degradations were equally studied through Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). Results show that tensile strength and impact resistance increased to the maximum of 65% and 15.6%, respectively, at 3 wt.% clay addition. Critical stress intensity factor ( K IC) was approximately higher by 276% when compared to neat BF_TPS material. Strain energy release rates ( G IC) values were minimal. Delamination and catastrophic failures occurred with less fiber crack propagation along the crack initiation notches. In TGA, less weight reduction was observed at 3 wt.% clay/BF_TPS material, while a positive shift occurred in DMA tan delta (Tan δ) T g by 30°C. The micrography of the clay-enhanced biocomposites resulted in better bonding interaction between the polymer and fiber.","PeriodicalId":10608,"journal":{"name":"Composites and Advanced Materials","volume":"124 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80373174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-27DOI: 10.1177/26349833231192673
Lai Liangqing, Zheng Ruiqian, Xu Yihan, Zhao Zhiyan, Jiao Yuxi
Elastomeric bearings consist of alternating rubber and metal spacer layers bonded via vulcanization technique. As important structural components in aerospace and bridge construction as well as other industries, the reliability of elastomeric bearings has a significant impact on the safety of the whole system. In this work, the finite element method is used to study the stress and displacement distributions of spherical laminated elastomeric bearings during helicopter flight, and then the theory of cumulative fatigue damage is used to analyze the fatigue lifetime of the bearing. By means of the comparative analysis of six single-load cases and a multiple-load case of the bearing categorized from the viewpoint of helicopter flight characteristics, the main influencing factors and how they affect the stress and displacement distributions are revealed. Finally, a durability test is conducted and the experimental results are well consistent with the calculated results, which indicates the prediction accuracy of the model. The work would be beneficial to the optimal design and reliable service of elastomeric bearings.
{"title":"Finite element analysis on strength and durability of spherical laminated elastomeric bearings","authors":"Lai Liangqing, Zheng Ruiqian, Xu Yihan, Zhao Zhiyan, Jiao Yuxi","doi":"10.1177/26349833231192673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/26349833231192673","url":null,"abstract":"Elastomeric bearings consist of alternating rubber and metal spacer layers bonded via vulcanization technique. As important structural components in aerospace and bridge construction as well as other industries, the reliability of elastomeric bearings has a significant impact on the safety of the whole system. In this work, the finite element method is used to study the stress and displacement distributions of spherical laminated elastomeric bearings during helicopter flight, and then the theory of cumulative fatigue damage is used to analyze the fatigue lifetime of the bearing. By means of the comparative analysis of six single-load cases and a multiple-load case of the bearing categorized from the viewpoint of helicopter flight characteristics, the main influencing factors and how they affect the stress and displacement distributions are revealed. Finally, a durability test is conducted and the experimental results are well consistent with the calculated results, which indicates the prediction accuracy of the model. The work would be beneficial to the optimal design and reliable service of elastomeric bearings.","PeriodicalId":10608,"journal":{"name":"Composites and Advanced Materials","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78697488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-14DOI: 10.1177/26349833231189516
R. Ganapathy Srinivasan, N. Pragadish, E. Esakkiraj, M. Selvam, C. Rajaravi
This research paper focuses on the tribology analysis of MMT - Montmorillonite nanoclay alkali-treated coconut sheath reinforced hybrid composite. The study aims to analyze the mechanical properties of coconut sheath reinforced polymer composites as compared to traditional synthetic fibers. The specific impact of MMT clay on the material’s mechanical properties is also considered. The experimental method involves the use of compression molding for fabrication, and various treatments are applied to the coconut sheath to improve its mechanical properties. The microstructure, tensile, flexural, and impact characterization of the specimens are analyzed. The results indicate that alkali-treated coconut sheath outperforms untreated coconut sheath in terms of surface quality. Additionally, the addition of MMT clay improves the bonding and surface area coverage, resulting in better mechanical properties. However, the brittleness of the treated coconut sheath specimen increased, reducing its energy absorption in impact tests. Overall, the study highlights the potential of coconut sheath as a natural fiber reinforcement for polymer composites and the impact of MMT clay on its mechanical properties.
{"title":"Tribology analysis of MMT nanoclay alkali-treated coconut sheath reinforced hybrid composite","authors":"R. Ganapathy Srinivasan, N. Pragadish, E. Esakkiraj, M. Selvam, C. Rajaravi","doi":"10.1177/26349833231189516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/26349833231189516","url":null,"abstract":"This research paper focuses on the tribology analysis of MMT - Montmorillonite nanoclay alkali-treated coconut sheath reinforced hybrid composite. The study aims to analyze the mechanical properties of coconut sheath reinforced polymer composites as compared to traditional synthetic fibers. The specific impact of MMT clay on the material’s mechanical properties is also considered. The experimental method involves the use of compression molding for fabrication, and various treatments are applied to the coconut sheath to improve its mechanical properties. The microstructure, tensile, flexural, and impact characterization of the specimens are analyzed. The results indicate that alkali-treated coconut sheath outperforms untreated coconut sheath in terms of surface quality. Additionally, the addition of MMT clay improves the bonding and surface area coverage, resulting in better mechanical properties. However, the brittleness of the treated coconut sheath specimen increased, reducing its energy absorption in impact tests. Overall, the study highlights the potential of coconut sheath as a natural fiber reinforcement for polymer composites and the impact of MMT clay on its mechanical properties.","PeriodicalId":10608,"journal":{"name":"Composites and Advanced Materials","volume":"515 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77099252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-13DOI: 10.1177/26349833231189296
Hariharan Kb, V. S, N. G, P. R, M. Alwetaishi, A. Alahmadi, A. Alzaed, Kalam Ma, K. Shahapurkar
In order to enhance the fitness of the product and in order to improve productivity in turning operations, greater amount of challenges have been faced. In this paper, we have made a comparative analysis of HSS and carbide coated HSS drills while machining with H13 steel plates. For the drilling operation, process parameters were analysed using the Taguchi design of experiments. The response performance characteristics of surface roughness of H13 die steel plates for the drilling settings, cutting speed (rpm), and feed rate (mm/min) is optimized. The design of the experiment was conducted using the Taguchi technique for the L18 orthogonal array, and an analysis of variance was observed. The effect of drilling settings on the quality of drilled holes is examined; variation in surface roughness for various levels of speed and feed and the different combinations of these levels will form an L18 orthogonal array design of experiment by Taguchi analysis. A total of 36 cutting tests were performed with two different drill bits; here three different cutting speeds of 300, 600, and 900 rpm were taken with a feed rate of 0.02, 0.04, and 0.06 mm/rev combinations. The response of SN ratio for surface roughness of HSS and carbide tool has been found out for different levels of speed and feed. From this Taguchi analysis, it is identified that the optimal parameter. As a result, the factors are analysed, and optimized parameters have been concluded for H13 material using HSS, and carbide tools were examined both statistically and experimentally. The carbide coated drill bit gives 60% better surface roughness value based on experimental data obtained. The surface roughness value based on experimentation for HSS tool was found to be 34.16% and carbide coated drill bit was 23.40%.
{"title":"Effects of machining parameters on H13 die steel using CNC drilling machine","authors":"Hariharan Kb, V. S, N. G, P. R, M. Alwetaishi, A. Alahmadi, A. Alzaed, Kalam Ma, K. Shahapurkar","doi":"10.1177/26349833231189296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/26349833231189296","url":null,"abstract":"In order to enhance the fitness of the product and in order to improve productivity in turning operations, greater amount of challenges have been faced. In this paper, we have made a comparative analysis of HSS and carbide coated HSS drills while machining with H13 steel plates. For the drilling operation, process parameters were analysed using the Taguchi design of experiments. The response performance characteristics of surface roughness of H13 die steel plates for the drilling settings, cutting speed (rpm), and feed rate (mm/min) is optimized. The design of the experiment was conducted using the Taguchi technique for the L18 orthogonal array, and an analysis of variance was observed. The effect of drilling settings on the quality of drilled holes is examined; variation in surface roughness for various levels of speed and feed and the different combinations of these levels will form an L18 orthogonal array design of experiment by Taguchi analysis. A total of 36 cutting tests were performed with two different drill bits; here three different cutting speeds of 300, 600, and 900 rpm were taken with a feed rate of 0.02, 0.04, and 0.06 mm/rev combinations. The response of SN ratio for surface roughness of HSS and carbide tool has been found out for different levels of speed and feed. From this Taguchi analysis, it is identified that the optimal parameter. As a result, the factors are analysed, and optimized parameters have been concluded for H13 material using HSS, and carbide tools were examined both statistically and experimentally. The carbide coated drill bit gives 60% better surface roughness value based on experimental data obtained. The surface roughness value based on experimentation for HSS tool was found to be 34.16% and carbide coated drill bit was 23.40%.","PeriodicalId":10608,"journal":{"name":"Composites and Advanced Materials","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83348196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-31DOI: 10.1177/26349833231178331
Pok Lam Marvin Lau, J. Belnoue, S. Hallett
This paper presents a novel methodology to detect and isolate individual ply information contained within a relatively low-resolution cross-section image of thick composite laminate specimens. The proposed method can process laminate sample images and construct detailed geometric models in a fast and automated manner with minimal user interaction. The finite element models can be used directly for structural and strength simulations to analyse the effect of waviness defects. The algorithm processes the greyscale sample image and splits it into multiple slices. The initial starting points for each ply were identified by analysing the pixel brightness of the image. The pixel brightness variation was used to identify the different plies in all image slices and a list of possible ply centreline coordinate is generated. The ply centreline points are grouped and connected by selecting the points with minimal distance to the previous one in the ply. A finite element mesh is created for each ply by creating a boundary at the midpoint between two adjacent plies. The geometric information of the isolated plies is then used to create structured finite element models using an in-house meshing algorithm.
{"title":"Automatic ply detection and finite element model generation for composite laminates","authors":"Pok Lam Marvin Lau, J. Belnoue, S. Hallett","doi":"10.1177/26349833231178331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/26349833231178331","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a novel methodology to detect and isolate individual ply information contained within a relatively low-resolution cross-section image of thick composite laminate specimens. The proposed method can process laminate sample images and construct detailed geometric models in a fast and automated manner with minimal user interaction. The finite element models can be used directly for structural and strength simulations to analyse the effect of waviness defects. The algorithm processes the greyscale sample image and splits it into multiple slices. The initial starting points for each ply were identified by analysing the pixel brightness of the image. The pixel brightness variation was used to identify the different plies in all image slices and a list of possible ply centreline coordinate is generated. The ply centreline points are grouped and connected by selecting the points with minimal distance to the previous one in the ply. A finite element mesh is created for each ply by creating a boundary at the midpoint between two adjacent plies. The geometric information of the isolated plies is then used to create structured finite element models using an in-house meshing algorithm.","PeriodicalId":10608,"journal":{"name":"Composites and Advanced Materials","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87806038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-15DOI: 10.1177/26349833231176838
Hisham Alnahari, Annas Al-Sharabi, A. Al-Hammadi, Abdel-Basit Al-Odayni, Adnan Alnehia
Multi-phase metal oxides nanocomposites (NCs) have attracted considerable attention due to their extraordinary properties and novel applications over monometallic ones. Hence, trimetallic oxides nanoparticles (NPs) are preferred because of their immensely improved optical, catalytic, and biological properties, but few materials have been reported. Besides, glycine is an excellent structure-directing agent for NPs production with tailored physicochemical properties. Thus, in this work, a novel tri-phase CuO–Fe2O3–MgO (1:1:1) NCs was prepared via a sol-gel method in the presence of glycine as a fuel. The obtained NCs were characterized by Fourier transmission infrared, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron micrographs, and UV-Vis. The XRD analysis emphasized the formation of NCs with monoclinic CuO, cubic MgO, hexagonal Fe2O3, and tetragonal CuFe2O4 crystals. The average crystallite size (D) was in the order of 10th of nm as computed by Scherrer method, with ternary phase seemingly affect the straightforward influence of glycine fuel concentration on the final crystallite sizes. UV-Vis analysis indicates two optical energy bandgaps which increased as glycine concentration increase. The antibacterial test against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria revealed comparable activity to that of Azithromycin standard drug, which increased with glycine concentration increase. The glycine-based tailored structural, optical, and biological properties of such trimetallic NCs making them of considerable candidate for certain applications development, possibly electronics and antibiotics; a case that encourage further investigations.
{"title":"Synthesis of glycine-mediated CuO–Fe2O3–MgO nanocomposites: Structural, optical, and antibacterial properties","authors":"Hisham Alnahari, Annas Al-Sharabi, A. Al-Hammadi, Abdel-Basit Al-Odayni, Adnan Alnehia","doi":"10.1177/26349833231176838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/26349833231176838","url":null,"abstract":"Multi-phase metal oxides nanocomposites (NCs) have attracted considerable attention due to their extraordinary properties and novel applications over monometallic ones. Hence, trimetallic oxides nanoparticles (NPs) are preferred because of their immensely improved optical, catalytic, and biological properties, but few materials have been reported. Besides, glycine is an excellent structure-directing agent for NPs production with tailored physicochemical properties. Thus, in this work, a novel tri-phase CuO–Fe2O3–MgO (1:1:1) NCs was prepared via a sol-gel method in the presence of glycine as a fuel. The obtained NCs were characterized by Fourier transmission infrared, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron micrographs, and UV-Vis. The XRD analysis emphasized the formation of NCs with monoclinic CuO, cubic MgO, hexagonal Fe2O3, and tetragonal CuFe2O4 crystals. The average crystallite size (D) was in the order of 10th of nm as computed by Scherrer method, with ternary phase seemingly affect the straightforward influence of glycine fuel concentration on the final crystallite sizes. UV-Vis analysis indicates two optical energy bandgaps which increased as glycine concentration increase. The antibacterial test against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria revealed comparable activity to that of Azithromycin standard drug, which increased with glycine concentration increase. The glycine-based tailored structural, optical, and biological properties of such trimetallic NCs making them of considerable candidate for certain applications development, possibly electronics and antibiotics; a case that encourage further investigations.","PeriodicalId":10608,"journal":{"name":"Composites and Advanced Materials","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89546207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-11DOI: 10.1177/26349833231165320
Laser sintering (LS) enables cost-effective production of small batches as well as complex functional integration due to the direct build-up process without the need for specific tools. Further, geometrical restrictions are non-existent or only very limited. The combination of LS components with series components, for example, from injection molding (IM), allows to follow the growing trend of customizing and time tightening in the development process as well as the implementation of application-specific functions in small quantities. In order to exploit these potentials, reproducible and mechanically highly loadable joining processes are required for joining LS and IM components. Vibration welding represents a highly robust and stable process, which in this study is investigated for the production of LS-IM joints. Thereby, the focus is on the existing interactions between the two joining partners in the bonding zone. The investigations show that high bond strengths (in the area of the base materials) can be achieved by vibration welding. In contrast to other joining processes such as infrared welding, the bond quality is only marginally affected by the welding parameters. The characteristics of the weld seam are striking. While on the IM side a typical seam structure as known in the literature results, it deviates significantly for the LS side. Independent of the weld parameters, a highly oriented microstructure is recognizable that exhibits transcrystalline structures. In addition, less melt is generated and displaced into the weld bead for the LS component. Both aspects have been attributed to the different material properties of the joining partners.
{"title":"Functionalization of series components by joining laser-sintered with injection-molded parts: Weld seam characteristics in vibration welding","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/26349833231165320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/26349833231165320","url":null,"abstract":"Laser sintering (LS) enables cost-effective production of small batches as well as complex functional integration due to the direct build-up process without the need for specific tools. Further, geometrical restrictions are non-existent or only very limited. The combination of LS components with series components, for example, from injection molding (IM), allows to follow the growing trend of customizing and time tightening in the development process as well as the implementation of application-specific functions in small quantities. In order to exploit these potentials, reproducible and mechanically highly loadable joining processes are required for joining LS and IM components. Vibration welding represents a highly robust and stable process, which in this study is investigated for the production of LS-IM joints. Thereby, the focus is on the existing interactions between the two joining partners in the bonding zone. The investigations show that high bond strengths (in the area of the base materials) can be achieved by vibration welding. In contrast to other joining processes such as infrared welding, the bond quality is only marginally affected by the welding parameters. The characteristics of the weld seam are striking. While on the IM side a typical seam structure as known in the literature results, it deviates significantly for the LS side. Independent of the weld parameters, a highly oriented microstructure is recognizable that exhibits transcrystalline structures. In addition, less melt is generated and displaced into the weld bead for the LS component. Both aspects have been attributed to the different material properties of the joining partners.","PeriodicalId":10608,"journal":{"name":"Composites and Advanced Materials","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76534969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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