Pub Date : 2023-04-01Epub Date: 2022-11-11DOI: 10.4103/ccd.ccd_583_21
Warat Leelapornpisid, Thanapat Sastraruji, Phumisak Louwakul, Anat Dewi
Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a simple irrigating device, which produced from the apical negative pressure concept, as a final irrigating method after calcium hydroxide (CH) medication on the bond strength of epoxy resin-based sealer in the oval-shaped root canal.
Methods: Forty-eight single-rooted premolars with oval-shaped canals were included in the study. The crown was decoronized and canal instrumented with Mtwo (VDW GmbH, Munich, Germany) up to size 40/04. The specimens were assigned to four groups according to the irrigation protocol after 1 week of CH medication: control group (no medication) and three experimental groups conventional needle irrigation (CNI), passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), and simple apical negative pressure kit (sANP). The teeth were obturated with a warm vertical technique using epoxy resin-based sealers. After 1 week, the roots were transversally sectioned at coronal, middle, and apical thirds. A push-out test was performed by a universal testing machine, and statistical analysis was performed using One-Way ANOVA with Duncan's post hoc test.
Results: The bond strength in the control group was significantly higher than the CNI group in all root canal thirds (P < 0.05). At coronal third, sANP showed lower bond strength than PUI group (P < 0.05). However, the bond strength of sANP group was comparable to the control group (P > 0.05) which was significantly higher than the PUI group at apical third (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: A sANP enhanced the bond strength of epoxy resin-based sealer in the apical third of CH-medicated root canal in the oval-shaped canal.
{"title":"The Bond Strength of Root Canal Filling after Calcium Hydroxide Removal with a Simple Apical Negative Pressure Kit in Oval-Shaped Root Canal.","authors":"Warat Leelapornpisid, Thanapat Sastraruji, Phumisak Louwakul, Anat Dewi","doi":"10.4103/ccd.ccd_583_21","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ccd.ccd_583_21","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a simple irrigating device, which produced from the apical negative pressure concept, as a final irrigating method after calcium hydroxide (CH) medication on the bond strength of epoxy resin-based sealer in the oval-shaped root canal.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-eight single-rooted premolars with oval-shaped canals were included in the study. The crown was decoronized and canal instrumented with Mtwo (VDW GmbH, Munich, Germany) up to size 40/04. The specimens were assigned to four groups according to the irrigation protocol after 1 week of CH medication: control group (no medication) and three experimental groups conventional needle irrigation (CNI), passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), and simple apical negative pressure kit (sANP). The teeth were obturated with a warm vertical technique using epoxy resin-based sealers. After 1 week, the roots were transversally sectioned at coronal, middle, and apical thirds. A push-out test was performed by a universal testing machine, and statistical analysis was performed using One-Way ANOVA with Duncan's <i>post hoc</i> test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The bond strength in the control group was significantly higher than the CNI group in all root canal thirds (<i>P</i> < 0.05). At coronal third, sANP showed lower bond strength than PUI group (<i>P</i> < 0.05). However, the bond strength of sANP group was comparable to the control group (<i>P</i> > 0.05) which was significantly higher than the PUI group at apical third (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A sANP enhanced the bond strength of epoxy resin-based sealer in the apical third of CH-medicated root canal in the oval-shaped canal.</p>","PeriodicalId":10632,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Clinical Dentistry","volume":"14 2","pages":"98-103"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/13/81/CCD-14-98.PMC10399799.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9955826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01Epub Date: 2023-06-30DOI: 10.4103/ccd.ccd_537_22
S K Aziz Ikbal, Sanjay Gupta, Vandana Tiwari, Gurpreet Dhinsa, Neelu Verma
Background and aim: Studies showed bidirectional relationship between chronic periodontitis (CPD) and diabetes. This study was conducted to estimate the levels of serum interleukin (IL)-10 in patients with CPD and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) to evaluate the association of serum IL-10 levels with glycemic status and to evaluate the influence of periodontal inflammation on glycemic control.
Setting and design: A cross-sectional observational study.
Materials and methods: Eighty patients were divided into four groups consisting of 20 patients in each group. Group 1: healthy control, Group 2: T2DM without chronic periodontitis, Group 3: chronic periodontitis only (CPD), and Group 4: T2DM with chronic periodontitis (CPD). Plaque index, gingival index, pocket probing depth, clinical attachment loss, random blood sugar, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level were recorded for categorizing patients into aforestated groups. Serum IL-10 level was measured by ELISA kit.
Statistical analysis used: ANOVA statistics and post hoc Tukey's test were performed for comparing individual groups.
Results: IL-10 was detected lowest in Group 3 followed by Group 4. Highest level of IL-10 was found in the healthy group then in Group 2.
Conclusion: IL-10 levels have an inverse relationship with HbA1c. Lowest level of IL-10 in CPD dictates periodontal inflammation itself influences in regulating serum IL-10 level and poor glycemic control. Serum IL-10 level may be one of the predictors of glycemia.
{"title":"Association of Serum Interleukin-10 Level with Glycemic Status to Predict Glycemic Alteration with Periodontitis: A Cross-Sectional, Observational Study.","authors":"S K Aziz Ikbal, Sanjay Gupta, Vandana Tiwari, Gurpreet Dhinsa, Neelu Verma","doi":"10.4103/ccd.ccd_537_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ccd.ccd_537_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>Studies showed bidirectional relationship between chronic periodontitis (CPD) and diabetes. This study was conducted to estimate the levels of serum interleukin (IL)-10 in patients with CPD and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) to evaluate the association of serum IL-10 levels with glycemic status and to evaluate the influence of periodontal inflammation on glycemic control.</p><p><strong>Setting and design: </strong>A cross-sectional observational study.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Eighty patients were divided into four groups consisting of 20 patients in each group. Group 1: healthy control, Group 2: T2DM without chronic periodontitis, Group 3: chronic periodontitis only (CPD), and Group 4: T2DM with chronic periodontitis (CPD). Plaque index, gingival index, pocket probing depth, clinical attachment loss, random blood sugar, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level were recorded for categorizing patients into aforestated groups. Serum IL-10 level was measured by ELISA kit.</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis used: </strong>ANOVA statistics and <i>post hoc Tukey's</i> test were performed for comparing individual groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>IL-10 was detected lowest in Group 3 followed by Group 4. Highest level of IL-10 was found in the healthy group then in Group 2.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>IL-10 levels have an inverse relationship with HbA1c. Lowest level of IL-10 in CPD dictates periodontal inflammation itself influences in regulating serum IL-10 level and poor glycemic control. Serum IL-10 level may be one of the predictors of glycemia.</p>","PeriodicalId":10632,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Clinical Dentistry","volume":"14 2","pages":"152-156"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/65/8f/CCD-14-152.PMC10399803.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9955827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01Epub Date: 2023-06-30DOI: 10.4103/ccd.ccd_195_23
Vaibhav Gupta, Usha Agrawal, Poonam Goel
Objective: The successful management of cancer depends on proper screening and treatment methods. Bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) is an established technique in detecting breast cancer, cervical cancer, and prostate cancer. This systematic review sought to investigate the current evidence regarding the clinical application of bioimpedance in the detection of oral squamous cell carcinoma and oral potentially malignant disorders.
Study design: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed to perform this review. Electronic databases such as PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, EBSCOhost, and Google Scholar were searched till March 2022. Articles published in the English medical literature on human participants report on the application of BIS in the screening of precancerous and cancerous lesions. The primary endpoint was defined as the ability to differentiate between normal and cancerous tissue.
Results: A total of 6754 articles were identified; of which 481 were eligible for inclusion. Only five articles met the eligibility criteria and were included in the study. Qualitative analysis for each study was done to assess the data provided. All the studies demonstrated a significant divergence in BIS metrics between cancerous and normal tissue at 20 Hz and 50 KHz.
Conclusion: Bioimpedance appears to be a promising novel tool for the detection of various malignancies which can be used in community screening due to its noninvasiveness and portability.
{"title":"Bioimpedance: A Tool for Screening Oral Cancer - A Systematic Review.","authors":"Vaibhav Gupta, Usha Agrawal, Poonam Goel","doi":"10.4103/ccd.ccd_195_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ccd.ccd_195_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The successful management of cancer depends on proper screening and treatment methods. Bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) is an established technique in detecting breast cancer, cervical cancer, and prostate cancer. This systematic review sought to investigate the current evidence regarding the clinical application of bioimpedance in the detection of oral squamous cell carcinoma and oral potentially malignant disorders.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed to perform this review. Electronic databases such as PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, EBSCOhost, and Google Scholar were searched till March 2022. Articles published in the English medical literature on human participants report on the application of BIS in the screening of precancerous and cancerous lesions. The primary endpoint was defined as the ability to differentiate between normal and cancerous tissue.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 6754 articles were identified; of which 481 were eligible for inclusion. Only five articles met the eligibility criteria and were included in the study. Qualitative analysis for each study was done to assess the data provided. All the studies demonstrated a significant divergence in BIS metrics between cancerous and normal tissue at 20 Hz and 50 KHz.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Bioimpedance appears to be a promising novel tool for the detection of various malignancies which can be used in community screening due to its noninvasiveness and portability.</p>","PeriodicalId":10632,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Clinical Dentistry","volume":"14 2","pages":"91-97"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/03/c8/CCD-14-91.PMC10399808.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9950584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01Epub Date: 2023-06-30DOI: 10.4103/ccd.ccd_399_22
Sheila Soesanto, Evangelista Rachel Hepziba, Yasnill, Armelia Sari Widyarman
Objective: This study aimed to determine the antibacterial and antibiofilm effects of amoxicillin combined with extract of Mangifera indica L. leaves against Staphylococcus aureus and Porphyromonas gingivalis.
Materials and methods: This was an experimental laboratory in vitro study with a posttest-only control group design. An antibacterial test using the plate count method and an antibiofilm test using the microtiter plate biofilm assay method were conducted. The research samples comprised extract of M. indica L. leaves with a concentration of 100%; amoxicillin and extract concentrations of 3.125%, 6.25%, 12.5%, 25%, 50%, and 100%; and amoxicillin. Dimethyl sulfoxide served as a negative control and co-amoxiclav served as a positive control.
Results: The combination of amoxicillin and the extract exhibited an antibacterial effect against S. aureus at a concentration of 12.5% and higher and more effective than co-amoxiclac P. gingivalis at a concentration of 3.125% and higher. In the antibiofilm test, the combination of amoxicillin and the extract at a concentration of 25% after 1 h of incubation and a concentration of 6.25% after 3 h of incubation inhibited S. aureus. The inhibition of S. aureus biofilms at a concentration of 100% after 24 h of incubation was as effective as that of co-amoxiclav. The extract at a concentration of 25% over the entire incubation period showed more potent inhibition against the P. gingivalis biofilm than co-amoxiclav.
Conclusions: The ethanolic extract of M. indica L. leaves and the combination of amoxicillin and the extract have the potential to inhibit the growth and formation of S. aureus and P. gingivalis biofilms.
{"title":"The Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Effect of Amoxicillin and <i>Mangifera indica</i> L. Leaves Extract on Oral Pathogens.","authors":"Sheila Soesanto, Evangelista Rachel Hepziba, Yasnill, Armelia Sari Widyarman","doi":"10.4103/ccd.ccd_399_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ccd.ccd_399_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to determine the antibacterial and antibiofilm effects of amoxicillin combined with extract of <i>Mangifera indica</i> L. leaves against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i>.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This was an experimental laboratory <i>in vitro</i> study with a posttest-only control group design. An antibacterial test using the plate count method and an antibiofilm test using the microtiter plate biofilm assay method were conducted. The research samples comprised extract of <i>M. indica</i> L. leaves with a concentration of 100%; amoxicillin and extract concentrations of 3.125%, 6.25%, 12.5%, 25%, 50%, and 100%; and amoxicillin. Dimethyl sulfoxide served as a negative control and co-amoxiclav served as a positive control.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The combination of amoxicillin and the extract exhibited an antibacterial effect against <i>S. aureus</i> at a concentration of 12.5% and higher and more effective than co-amoxiclac <i>P. gingivalis</i> at a concentration of 3.125% and higher. In the antibiofilm test, the combination of amoxicillin and the extract at a concentration of 25% after 1 h of incubation and a concentration of 6.25% after 3 h of incubation inhibited <i>S. aureus</i>. The inhibition of <i>S. aureus</i> biofilms at a concentration of 100% after 24 h of incubation was as effective as that of co-amoxiclav. The extract at a concentration of 25% over the entire incubation period showed more potent inhibition against the <i>P. gingivalis</i> biofilm than co-amoxiclav.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The ethanolic extract of <i>M. indica</i> L. leaves and the combination of amoxicillin and the extract have the potential to inhibit the growth and formation of <i>S. aureus</i> and <i>P. gingivalis</i> biofilms.</p>","PeriodicalId":10632,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Clinical Dentistry","volume":"14 2","pages":"145-151"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/0d/b4/CCD-14-145.PMC10399797.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9950590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Jeslin Mary, Veeran Veeravarmal, Isaac Joseph Tharmasahayam, Percy Ida Augustine, D. Angelin, Mohamed Hanifa Mohamed Nassar
Abstract Background: Due to their wide spectrum of phytochemical components and lack of side effects, the use of plants for the prevention and treatment of cancer has recently attracted increased attention. One among them is Annona muricata , commonly called soursop. According to recent investigations, several types of cancer have been successfully treated using this plant’s extracts. However, studies on oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are very limited. Aim: In the present study, we aimed to investigate the cytotoxic potential of leaf extract of A. muricata (LEAM) against oral tongue SCC-15 cell lines, using in vitro assays. Materials and Methods: 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-dipenyltetrazolium bromide assay was performed to assess cytotoxic activity, and the apoptotic effect was determined using gene expression analyses of Bcl 2-associated X protein (Bax), B-cell C/lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), and tumor-suppressor phosphoprotein (p53). Results: Significant cytotoxicity ( P ≤ 0.05) with a minimum inhibitory concentration value of 40 μg/ml was observed with the LEAM on SCC-15 cell lines. A highly significant decrease was observed in Bcl-2 gene expression ( P < 0.05), whereas p53 and BAX genes revealed a highly significant increase ( P < 0.05) when SCC-15 cell lines were treated with LEAM in the study group compared to the control. Conclusion: These results show that LEAM has the potential for development as a therapeutic agent for cytotoxicity, particularly on oral SCC cells, following further investigation.
{"title":"In vitro Evaluation of Cytotoxic Effects of Methanolic Leaf Extracts of Annona muricata on Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma-15 Cell Lines and its Effect On Expression of Bcl 2-associated X protein, B-cell C/Lymphoma 2 and p53 Genes","authors":"S. Jeslin Mary, Veeran Veeravarmal, Isaac Joseph Tharmasahayam, Percy Ida Augustine, D. Angelin, Mohamed Hanifa Mohamed Nassar","doi":"10.4103/ccd.ccd_81_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ccd.ccd_81_23","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background: Due to their wide spectrum of phytochemical components and lack of side effects, the use of plants for the prevention and treatment of cancer has recently attracted increased attention. One among them is Annona muricata , commonly called soursop. According to recent investigations, several types of cancer have been successfully treated using this plant’s extracts. However, studies on oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are very limited. Aim: In the present study, we aimed to investigate the cytotoxic potential of leaf extract of A. muricata (LEAM) against oral tongue SCC-15 cell lines, using in vitro assays. Materials and Methods: 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-dipenyltetrazolium bromide assay was performed to assess cytotoxic activity, and the apoptotic effect was determined using gene expression analyses of Bcl 2-associated X protein (Bax), B-cell C/lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), and tumor-suppressor phosphoprotein (p53). Results: Significant cytotoxicity ( P ≤ 0.05) with a minimum inhibitory concentration value of 40 μg/ml was observed with the LEAM on SCC-15 cell lines. A highly significant decrease was observed in Bcl-2 gene expression ( P < 0.05), whereas p53 and BAX genes revealed a highly significant increase ( P < 0.05) when SCC-15 cell lines were treated with LEAM in the study group compared to the control. Conclusion: These results show that LEAM has the potential for development as a therapeutic agent for cytotoxicity, particularly on oral SCC cells, following further investigation.","PeriodicalId":10632,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Clinical Dentistry","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134980222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Background: Betel quid (BQ) consumption is prevalent globally, majorly consumed in South-Asia and South-East Asian countries. Among the other country studies done on BQ, the focus has been on its consumption prevalence, its physiological and psychological effects, and aids to discontinue this habit. Systematic literature research on suitability of different instruments (metric or scale) to measure BQ dependency is scarce, hence pointing to the need of more evidence-based studies in this domain. Aim: The aim of the article was to identify the instruments used in the published literature to measure BQ dependency among young and adult chewers and draw a comparison. Methodology: The electronic retrieval systems and databases PubMed (Medline), Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched independently by two authors from January 2011 to September 2022 for the collection of desired data. Results: Among 1271 articles, 337 were duplicates and removed, 866 did not meet selection criteria. Out of 68 articles, 57 were excluded due to the lack of relevant data. Finally, only 11 articles were included for the analysis in this systematic review. Conclusion: Due to a scarcity of researches in this direction, no scale can be assigned as the best Dependence Scale, thus necessitating more such systematic reviews and meta-analysis for better comprehension and usage of present dependence scales.
背景:槟榔果液(BQ)消费在全球普遍存在，主要在南亚和东南亚国家消费。在对BQ进行的其他国家研究中，重点是其消费流行程度、其生理和心理影响以及如何戒掉这种习惯。关于不同工具(公制或量表)测量BQ依赖性的适用性的系统文献研究很少，因此需要在该领域开展更多基于证据的研究。目的:本文的目的是确定在已发表的文献中使用的工具来测量年轻和成年咀嚼者的BQ依赖性，并进行比较。方法:2011年1月至2022年9月，两位作者独立检索PubMed (Medline)、Cochrane Library、Scopus、Web of Science和Google Scholar等电子检索系统和数据库，收集所需数据。结果:1271篇文献中有重复337篇被剔除，866篇不符合入选标准。68篇文章中，57篇因缺乏相关数据而被排除。最后，只有11篇文章被纳入本系统综述的分析。结论:由于这方面的研究较少，没有一个量表可以作为最佳的依赖量表，因此需要更多的系统评价和meta分析，以便更好地理解和使用现有的依赖量表。
{"title":"Instruments to Measure Betel Quid Dependency among Young and Adult Chewers – A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis","authors":"Ashwini Deshpande, Ravleen Nagi, Amit Byatnal, Ashok Lingappa, Sujatha Ashok, Pitambra Sahu","doi":"10.4103/ccd.ccd_101_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ccd.ccd_101_23","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background: Betel quid (BQ) consumption is prevalent globally, majorly consumed in South-Asia and South-East Asian countries. Among the other country studies done on BQ, the focus has been on its consumption prevalence, its physiological and psychological effects, and aids to discontinue this habit. Systematic literature research on suitability of different instruments (metric or scale) to measure BQ dependency is scarce, hence pointing to the need of more evidence-based studies in this domain. Aim: The aim of the article was to identify the instruments used in the published literature to measure BQ dependency among young and adult chewers and draw a comparison. Methodology: The electronic retrieval systems and databases PubMed (Medline), Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched independently by two authors from January 2011 to September 2022 for the collection of desired data. Results: Among 1271 articles, 337 were duplicates and removed, 866 did not meet selection criteria. Out of 68 articles, 57 were excluded due to the lack of relevant data. Finally, only 11 articles were included for the analysis in this systematic review. Conclusion: Due to a scarcity of researches in this direction, no scale can be assigned as the best Dependence Scale, thus necessitating more such systematic reviews and meta-analysis for better comprehension and usage of present dependence scales.","PeriodicalId":10632,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Clinical Dentistry","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134980260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nour M. Almokri, Doaa H. Alsaggaf, Fahad Faiz Alsulaimani, Khalid H. Zawawi
Abstract Objectives: We aimed to assess adult Saudi patients’ facial anthropometry and cephalometric characteristics with skeletal Class III malocclusions compared to Class I malocclusion patients. Materials and Methods: Our cross-sectional study included a review of the orthodontic records of 108 patients: 54 patients with skeletal Class III malocclusions and 54 patients with skeletal Class I malocclusions, equally distributed between males and females. Using anthropometric landmarks, seven angular and eight linear measurements were recorded and compared between Class III and Class I patients. In addition, we compared three horizontal facial proportions and three horizontal neoclassical canons between the two groups. Finally, we used Student’s t -tests to compare continuous variables and Chi-square tests for categorical variables. Results: Class III patients had significantly larger mandibular length, mandibular plane angle, mid- and lower-anterior face height, and posterior face height ( P < 0.05) compared to Class I patients. Class III patients had significantly proclined upper incisors, retroclined lower incisors, and an obtuse interincisal angle ( P < 0.05). The mouth: nose ratio differed significantly between skeletal Class III and I patients ( P = 0.008). The orbital canon was valid in 14.8% of Class I and 9.3% of Class III patients, respectively. The orbitonasal proportion applied only to 31.5% and 20.4% of Class I and III patients, respectively. The naso-oral canon occurred in 18.5% and 1.9% of Class I and III patients, respectively. Conclusion: Saudis with Class III skeletal profiles have some distinctive Class III characteristics not observed in most other ethnic groups. The established horizontal facial proportions, neoclassical facial canons, and Class III skeletal profile did not apply to Saudis with skeletal Class I malocclusions, indicating that these proportions and characteristics may not be suitable as references when planning the surgical treatment for these patients.
{"title":"Anthropometric and Cephalometric Facial Characteristics of Adult Saudi Patients with Skeletal Class III Malocclusions","authors":"Nour M. Almokri, Doaa H. Alsaggaf, Fahad Faiz Alsulaimani, Khalid H. Zawawi","doi":"10.4103/ccd.ccd_220_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ccd.ccd_220_23","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objectives: We aimed to assess adult Saudi patients’ facial anthropometry and cephalometric characteristics with skeletal Class III malocclusions compared to Class I malocclusion patients. Materials and Methods: Our cross-sectional study included a review of the orthodontic records of 108 patients: 54 patients with skeletal Class III malocclusions and 54 patients with skeletal Class I malocclusions, equally distributed between males and females. Using anthropometric landmarks, seven angular and eight linear measurements were recorded and compared between Class III and Class I patients. In addition, we compared three horizontal facial proportions and three horizontal neoclassical canons between the two groups. Finally, we used Student’s t -tests to compare continuous variables and Chi-square tests for categorical variables. Results: Class III patients had significantly larger mandibular length, mandibular plane angle, mid- and lower-anterior face height, and posterior face height ( P < 0.05) compared to Class I patients. Class III patients had significantly proclined upper incisors, retroclined lower incisors, and an obtuse interincisal angle ( P < 0.05). The mouth: nose ratio differed significantly between skeletal Class III and I patients ( P = 0.008). The orbital canon was valid in 14.8% of Class I and 9.3% of Class III patients, respectively. The orbitonasal proportion applied only to 31.5% and 20.4% of Class I and III patients, respectively. The naso-oral canon occurred in 18.5% and 1.9% of Class I and III patients, respectively. Conclusion: Saudis with Class III skeletal profiles have some distinctive Class III characteristics not observed in most other ethnic groups. The established horizontal facial proportions, neoclassical facial canons, and Class III skeletal profile did not apply to Saudis with skeletal Class I malocclusions, indicating that these proportions and characteristics may not be suitable as references when planning the surgical treatment for these patients.","PeriodicalId":10632,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Clinical Dentistry","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134981325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vinni Arora, Rekha Sharma, Davender Kumar, Gayathri Mohan, Anjali Narwal
Abstract Introduction: The use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has gained popularity in orthodontics in the past decade. PRP is an autologous concentration of platelets rich in growth factors and is hypothesized to play a role in orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) due to its bone remodeling capacity. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of PRP on the rate of tooth movement in humans. Materials and Methods: Fourteen patients requiring bilateral extraction of upper first premolars were included in the study. PRP (×4) was prepared and injected in the alveolar mucosa, distal to canine on experimental sides. Canine retraction was initiated on the same day of PRP injection using NiTi closed coil springs on both sides. The amount of canine retraction was measured and compared between both sides at the 4 th , 8 th , 12 th , and 16 th weeks by measuring the distance between lateral incisor and canine on the cast. Results: Results showed mean displacement of 1.355 mm, 1.232 mm, 1.191 mm, and 1.085 mm on experimental side and 1.265 mm, 1.126 mm, 1.031 mm, and 0.879 mm on control side at the 4 th , 8 th , 12 th , and 16 th weeks, respectively. Although increased OTM (13.85% or 1.1 times faster) was observed on experimental side at all time intervals compared to the control group, the result was not statistically significant. Conclusion: 4× concentration of PRP does not accelerate OTM significantly.
{"title":"Effect of Submucosal Injection of Platelet-rich Plasma on the Rate of Canine Retraction – A Split-mouth Randomized Clinical Study","authors":"Vinni Arora, Rekha Sharma, Davender Kumar, Gayathri Mohan, Anjali Narwal","doi":"10.4103/ccd.ccd_567_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ccd.ccd_567_22","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction: The use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has gained popularity in orthodontics in the past decade. PRP is an autologous concentration of platelets rich in growth factors and is hypothesized to play a role in orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) due to its bone remodeling capacity. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of PRP on the rate of tooth movement in humans. Materials and Methods: Fourteen patients requiring bilateral extraction of upper first premolars were included in the study. PRP (×4) was prepared and injected in the alveolar mucosa, distal to canine on experimental sides. Canine retraction was initiated on the same day of PRP injection using NiTi closed coil springs on both sides. The amount of canine retraction was measured and compared between both sides at the 4 th , 8 th , 12 th , and 16 th weeks by measuring the distance between lateral incisor and canine on the cast. Results: Results showed mean displacement of 1.355 mm, 1.232 mm, 1.191 mm, and 1.085 mm on experimental side and 1.265 mm, 1.126 mm, 1.031 mm, and 0.879 mm on control side at the 4 th , 8 th , 12 th , and 16 th weeks, respectively. Although increased OTM (13.85% or 1.1 times faster) was observed on experimental side at all time intervals compared to the control group, the result was not statistically significant. Conclusion: 4× concentration of PRP does not accelerate OTM significantly.","PeriodicalId":10632,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Clinical Dentistry","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135210892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. M. Karuna, Srikant Natarajan, Ashwin Rao, Anupama P Nayak, Charisma Thimmaiah
Abstract Background: The necessity to modify silver diamine fluoride (SDF) to make it esthetically acceptable without affecting its beneficial properties keeps the research in this field pertinent. Aim: This study aims to comparatively evaluate the efficacy of Glutathione (GSH) in reducing tooth discoloration associated with SDF. Materials and Methods: This split-mouth in vivo study was conducted on 20 children aged 3–8 years having a minimum of 3 active carious primary teeth. The three teeth in each patient were randomly divided into Group I – 38% SDF; Group II – 38% SDF followed by application of potassium iodide; and Group III – 38% SDF mixed with 20% GSH. Standardized photographs were taken immediately after application and after 6 months, which were analyzed using Image J software. The carious lesions were clinically classified as active or arrested after 6 months. Results: When mean gray values of three groups were compared postoperative, the highest value (lighter shade) was observed for group II and least (darker shade) for group I, whereas, during the 6-month follow-up, the highest value was seen for group III and least for group I. The color change from preoperative to 6 months’ follow-up was compared, and a statistically significant difference was observed between groups I and II ( P = 0.003) and groups I and III ( P = 0.001). When caries arresting effectiveness was analyzed, there was no significant difference found between any of the groups ( P = 1). Conclusion: Mixing 20% GSH with 38% SDF was an effective measure in reducing the tooth discoloration associated with SDF, without affecting caries arresting the efficiency of the latter.
{"title":"Efficacy of Glutathione Biomolecule in Reducing the Tooth Discoloration Associated with Silver Diamine Fluoride: A Split-mouth In vivo Study","authors":"Y. M. Karuna, Srikant Natarajan, Ashwin Rao, Anupama P Nayak, Charisma Thimmaiah","doi":"10.4103/ccd.ccd_100_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ccd.ccd_100_23","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background: The necessity to modify silver diamine fluoride (SDF) to make it esthetically acceptable without affecting its beneficial properties keeps the research in this field pertinent. Aim: This study aims to comparatively evaluate the efficacy of Glutathione (GSH) in reducing tooth discoloration associated with SDF. Materials and Methods: This split-mouth in vivo study was conducted on 20 children aged 3–8 years having a minimum of 3 active carious primary teeth. The three teeth in each patient were randomly divided into Group I – 38% SDF; Group II – 38% SDF followed by application of potassium iodide; and Group III – 38% SDF mixed with 20% GSH. Standardized photographs were taken immediately after application and after 6 months, which were analyzed using Image J software. The carious lesions were clinically classified as active or arrested after 6 months. Results: When mean gray values of three groups were compared postoperative, the highest value (lighter shade) was observed for group II and least (darker shade) for group I, whereas, during the 6-month follow-up, the highest value was seen for group III and least for group I. The color change from preoperative to 6 months’ follow-up was compared, and a statistically significant difference was observed between groups I and II ( P = 0.003) and groups I and III ( P = 0.001). When caries arresting effectiveness was analyzed, there was no significant difference found between any of the groups ( P = 1). Conclusion: Mixing 20% GSH with 38% SDF was an effective measure in reducing the tooth discoloration associated with SDF, without affecting caries arresting the efficiency of the latter.","PeriodicalId":10632,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Clinical Dentistry","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135212672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hamad Alqahtani, Sara Basuhail, Fahad Alsulaimani, Khalid H Zawawi, Mohammed Barayan, Ghassan Al Turki, Mona Aly Abbassy
Abstract Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the maxillary sinus volume (MSV) in both genders in a Saudi sample and among different skeletal patterns. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study included 52 cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of 18 years or older individuals with complete dentition and healthy medical history. MSV was measured as the mean value of both sides in cubic millimeters (mm 3 ) using OnDemand three-dimensional™ Dental. Cephalometric tracings were conducted on cephalograms obtained from CBCT scans. The beta, A × B, and Frankfort-mandibular plane angles were selected to determine the sagittal and vertical skeletal patterns of the study subjects. Descriptive statistics and other tests were conducted. The significance level was set at P < 0.05. Results: Fifty-two CBCT scans were included in this study (23 males and 29 females), with a mean age of 36 (±14) years. The mean MSV was 14887 (±5030.79) mm 3 . Males had statistically significantly larger MSV (16517 ± 5335 mm 3 ) compared with females (13595 ± 4,452 mm 3 ) ( P = 0.036). There was no statistically significant difference in MSV among all other cephalometric measurements ( P > 0.05). Conclusions: The MSV in the studied Saudi sample was larger among males. However, different skeletal patterns have no statistically significant differences in MSV.
摘要简介:本研究旨在评估上颌窦体积(MSV)在沙特样本和不同骨骼模式的两性。材料和方法:本回顾性横断面研究包括52例18岁或以上具有完整牙齿和健康病史的个体的锥形束计算机断层扫描(CBCT)。使用OnDemand三维™Dental测量MSV为两侧的平均值，单位为立方毫米(mm 3)。对从CBCT扫描获得的脑电图进行头部测量追踪。选择β、A × B和法兰克福-下颌平面角来确定研究对象的矢状和垂直骨骼模式。进行了描述性统计和其他检验。显著性水平设为P <0.05. 结果:本研究纳入52例CBCT扫描(男性23例，女性29例)，平均年龄36(±14)岁。平均MSV为14887(±5030.79)mm 3。男性的MSV(16517±5335 mm 3)明显高于女性(13595±4452 mm 3) (P = 0.036)。MSV与其他所有头颅测量值之间无统计学差异(P >0.05)。结论:在所研究的沙特样本中，男性的MSV更大。然而，不同的骨骼类型在MSV上没有统计学上的显著差异。
{"title":"The Relationship between Maxillary Sinus Volume and Different Cephalometric Characteristics in Orthodontics","authors":"Hamad Alqahtani, Sara Basuhail, Fahad Alsulaimani, Khalid H Zawawi, Mohammed Barayan, Ghassan Al Turki, Mona Aly Abbassy","doi":"10.4103/ccd.ccd_548_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ccd.ccd_548_22","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the maxillary sinus volume (MSV) in both genders in a Saudi sample and among different skeletal patterns. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study included 52 cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of 18 years or older individuals with complete dentition and healthy medical history. MSV was measured as the mean value of both sides in cubic millimeters (mm 3 ) using OnDemand three-dimensional™ Dental. Cephalometric tracings were conducted on cephalograms obtained from CBCT scans. The beta, A × B, and Frankfort-mandibular plane angles were selected to determine the sagittal and vertical skeletal patterns of the study subjects. Descriptive statistics and other tests were conducted. The significance level was set at P < 0.05. Results: Fifty-two CBCT scans were included in this study (23 males and 29 females), with a mean age of 36 (±14) years. The mean MSV was 14887 (±5030.79) mm 3 . Males had statistically significantly larger MSV (16517 ± 5335 mm 3 ) compared with females (13595 ± 4,452 mm 3 ) ( P = 0.036). There was no statistically significant difference in MSV among all other cephalometric measurements ( P > 0.05). Conclusions: The MSV in the studied Saudi sample was larger among males. However, different skeletal patterns have no statistically significant differences in MSV.","PeriodicalId":10632,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Clinical Dentistry","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134980192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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