Current Developments in Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Unbalanced Macronutrient Intakes, Multiple Micronutrient Inadequacies, and Diarrhea Underscore Low-Height-for-Age in Indigenous Panamanian Preschool Children","authors":"Marilyn E Scott ,&nbsp;Dorian Irwin Kristmanson ,&nbsp;Eduardo Ortega-Barria ,&nbsp;Kristine G Koski","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107547","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107547","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>In remote indigenous Panamanian subsistence farming communities, poor diet, diarrhea, and <em>Ascaris</em> may have seasonally distinct contributions to high rates of stunting in preschool children.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study explored the relative contributions of food, nutrient intakes, and infections (diarrhea and intestinal nematodes) to height-for-age <em>z</em>-scores (HAZ) during a dry and rainy season in Panama’s Comarca Ngäbe-Buglé.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This prospective community-based study collected sociodemographic and health data from 328, 12‒59-mo-old children in both the dry and rainy seasons. Diets were assessed in nonbreastfeeding children using a food frequency questionnaire and a 24-h recall during both seasons. Bivariate comparisons between stunted and nonstunted children and between the dry and rainy seasons were conducted. Stepwise linear regression models identified associations of sociodemographic status, infections, food groups, and estimated nutrient intakes with HAZ.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The diet characterized as low fat, high sugar was deficient in micronutrients. Food and nutrient intakes were lower in the rainy than the dry season (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), and stunted children had fewer servings of dairy than nonstunted children (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The incidence of diarrhea was higher in the rainy season (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Determinants of HAZ differed between dry and rainy seasons. In dry season models (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.0001), HAZ was positively associated with income and fat intake and negatively associated with total sugar intake. In contrast, rainy season models (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.0001) revealed that servings of grains/cereals and fat were positively associated with HAZ, and fruit and total sugar intake and diarrhea were negatively associated with HAZ.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The multifactorial nature of linear growth faltering in these preschool children differed by season. The negative impact of diarrhea emerged only in the rainy season, but the negative impact of sugar intake and the positive impact of fat intake emerged in both seasons.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"9 10","pages":"Article 107547"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145218757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing Mediterranean and Western Diets: Cognitive and Microbiota Effects in Middle-Aged Rats","authors":"Rebecca J Solch-Ottaiano ,&nbsp;Colin Harper ,&nbsp;Madison Prats ,&nbsp;Elizabeth B Engler-Chiurazzi ,&nbsp;Blake Ouvrier ,&nbsp;Saifudeen Ismael ,&nbsp;Gregory Bix ,&nbsp;Demetrius M Maraganore","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107543","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107543","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>As the global population continues to age, cognitive decline has emerged as a major area of concern. Modifiable lifestyle factors, such as diet, have been associated with the trajectory of brain aging. Dietary patterns such as the Western diet (WD) have been linked to cognitive decline, whereas a Mediterranean diet (MeDi) promotes healthy brain aging.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to compare the effects of MeDi and WD on gut microbiota and cognitive health in middle-aged rats. Our hypothesis was that the MeDi, when introduced to middle-aged rats, would maintain cognitive health and produce a distinct gut microbiota composition relative to a WD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twelve-month-old male Fischer344 rats were randomly assigned to MeDi, WD, or chow (<em>n</em> = 10/group). After 12 wk, fecal samples were collected for 16S rRNA gene sequencing to assess microbial composition. Animals completed the following neurobehavioral assessments, including Y-maze, Morris Water Maze, and Radial Arm Water Maze. At the end of the study, the hippocampus was analyzed for gene and protein expression related to barrier integrity, glial cell activity, and neuroplasticity.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There were trending differences in cognitive function in MeDi rats relative to WD rats. Rats exhibited distinct diet-dependent microbial phenotypes with 28 differentially abundant bacteria, including <em>Blautia</em>, <em>Clostridia</em> UCG-014, <em>Clostridium innocuum</em> group, <em>Faecalibacterium</em>, and <em>Bifidobacterium</em>. This was accompanied by changes in hippocampal gene expression of glial cell activity, including glial fibrillary acidic protein, ionized calcium binding protein, and triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2. Blood–brain barrier integrity and neuroplasticity were maintained during the short-term dietary intervention.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A longer diet duration may be needed to elicit robust differences in cognitive function driven by the changes in microbiota and neurobiology. This study highlights that a short-term diet introduced in middle age has trending effects on cognitive performance but significantly impacts gut microbiota composition and gene expression of biomarkers of brain health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"9 10","pages":"Article 107543"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145218758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Invitation for Nominations for 2026","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107586","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107586","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"9 10","pages":"Article 107586"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145412572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Effects of Dietary Intake on Gut Microbiome Diversity and Composition of Older Adults with Type 1 Diabetes: A Pilot Study","authors":"Aastha S Dubal ,&nbsp;Angelica Cristello Sarteau ,&nbsp;Maria Andrea Azcarate-Peril ,&nbsp;Zorka Djukic ,&nbsp;Gabriella Ercolino ,&nbsp;Angela Fruik ,&nbsp;Julia Ho ,&nbsp;Zoe Lee ,&nbsp;Jeffrey Roach ,&nbsp;Michael Valancius ,&nbsp;Laura A Young ,&nbsp;Ian M Carroll ,&nbsp;Anna R Kahkoska","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107550","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107550","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Gut microbiome diversity and composition have been associated with type 1 diabetes (T1D) onset and progression. These features have not been explored among the growing number of older adults with T1D, including how they may differ by diet.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>In the present observational study, we investigated differences in gut microbiome diversity and composition across quantiles of high and low macronutrient, fiber, and simple sugar intake.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We collected observational data on routine diabetes management, diet, and other health indicators from older adults with T1D over 7–9 d, including 2 24-h dietary recall interviews, diabetes technology, and medical record data. Stool samples were collected for gut microbiome characterization using high-throughput sequencing of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene. Gut microbiome characteristics were assessed by Analysis of Compositions of Microbiomes with Bias Correction (ANCOM-BC2), Shannon index, and Bray–Curtis distances.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 17 older adults [mean (SD) age 73.5 (6.2) y; diabetes duration: 34.0 (16.0) y, and glycated hemoglobin: 7.0 (0.9) %], increased fat intake was associated with enriched genus <em>Lactococcus</em>, increased fiber intake was associated with enriched genus <em>Hemophilus</em> and unclassified <em>Clostridium</em> within family <em>CAG:508</em>, and increased fructose intake was associated with enrichment of unclassified genus <em>SFMI01</em> within family <em>Christensenellaceae</em>. Greater carbohydrate intake was associated with depletion of the family <em>Enterobacteriaceae</em>. Microbial diversity differed significantly with greater fiber and fructose intake.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>We found statistically significant evidence suggesting that the gut microbiome of older adults with T1D may be modulated by macronutrient, fiber, and fructose intake. Similar trends between fiber intake differences and significantly different microbial community structure have been found in younger populations. Together with the literature, our other findings suggest that macronutrient, fiber, and fructose intakes may impact the gut microbiome differently in older adults with T1D.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"9 10","pages":"Article 107550"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145263393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current Guidelines on Dietary Protein Intake for Patients with Diabetic Kidney Disease: A Scoping Review","authors":"Siyanga Ravi,&nbsp;Alexandra Fahrner,&nbsp;Frank Rühli,&nbsp;Nicole Bender","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107551","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107551","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>International nutritional guidelines vary in their recommendations, as well as in the reporting quality of the underlying evidence. An underreported recommendation in guidelines for people with type II diabetes concerns the optimal protein intake in the case of chronic kidney disease (CKD).</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>In this review, we analyze the protein intake recommendations from worldwide practice guidelines for type II diabetes and CKD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a systematic search in the online databases PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, as well as websites, according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, and up to 31 January, 2023. We included nutritional and clinical practice guidelines on protein intake in patients with type II diabetes and CKD of different stages. We assessed the quality of the guidelines using the instruments Appraisal of Guidelines for Research &amp; Evaluation Instrument (AGREE II) and AGREE Recommendation Excellence. We assessed the quality of the underlying scientific evidence using the evidence pyramid and the level of evidence categorization.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 24 included guidelines, 5 met the quality assessment of all instruments. Their evidence was based on an overlapping number of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Nevertheless, their protein intake recommendations differed, ranging from no restriction to restriction to 0.8 g/kg body weight/d.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The reason for the discrepancy of protein intake recommendations between different guidelines could not be determined conclusively, as the methodology of evidence assessment was often insufficiently reported. More long-term and good-quality RCTs are needed. We recommend the use of rigorous development and quality assessment tools in the development of clinical practice guidelines for patients with CKD and type II diabetes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"9 10","pages":"Article 107551"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145263396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Hitchhiker Story? Exploring HDL as an Overlooked Vitamin D Carrier","authors":"Jennifer D Bean,&nbsp;Catherine A Peterson","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107499","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107499","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Twenty-five-hydroxyvitamin D, used to assess vitamin status, is the primary circulating form of vitamin D having a half-life measured in weeks, and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D is the active metabolite having a half-life measured in hours. Although there has been a preponderance of research on the roles of the active metabolite in health, there remains a limited understanding of the transport of the true vitamin forms, ergocalciferol and cholecalciferol.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study proposes an alternative mechanism for vitamin D transport, hypothesizing that high-density lipoprotein (HDL) facilitates its movement from the intestine to the liver using cholesterol transporters.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This perspective challenges the sole reliance on the classical chylomicron pathway, proposing an alternative mechanism based on vitamin D's striking structural similarity to cholesterol. Both are steroids sharing key features, suggesting analogous intestinal absorption and transport routes. Evidence indicates vitamin D utilizes known enteric cholesterol transporters for uptake. We hypothesize that high-density lipoprotein (HDL) functions as an important interorgan carrier, facilitating vitamin D's movement from the intestine to the liver, using shared cholesterol transporters. This proposed HDL-mediated delivery is particularly relevant given vitamin D-binding protein's lower affinity for vitamin D compared with 25-hydroxyvitamin D.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>This mechanism offers a plausible explanation for observed correlations between vitamin D status (plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations) and factors affecting HDL cholesterol concentration (HDLc). Modulators that increase HDLc (e.g., fibrates, oral contraceptives, and exercise) are associated with improved vitamin D status, whereas those that decrease HDLc or inhibit vitamin D absorption (e.g., smoking and ezetimibe) are linked to lower vitamin D status. Although current human data are largely correlative and confounded by numerous factors affecting vitamin D status, the consistent associations warrant further investigation into vitamin D’s precise trafficking among lipoprotein fractions.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Re-evaluating vitamin D’s absorption and transport to include a role for HDL holds implications for optimizing vitamin D status.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"9 10","pages":"Article 107499"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145263391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Beyond Hunger: Uncovering the Link between Food Insecurity and Depression, Anxiety, and Stress in Adolescents [Current Developments in Nutrition 9 (2025) 107453]","authors":"Emily Cisneros-Vásquez ,&nbsp;Lee Smith ,&nbsp;Rodrigo Yañéz-Sepúlveda ,&nbsp;Jorge Olivares-Arancibia ,&nbsp;Héctor Gutiérrez-Espinoza ,&nbsp;Dong Keon Yon ,&nbsp;Jae Il Shin ,&nbsp;José Francisco López-Gil","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107570","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107570","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"9 10","pages":"Article 107570"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145326389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Dietary Fiber Intake on Chronic Low-Grade Inflammation in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials","authors":"Mª Isabel Benedicto-Toboso ,&nbsp;Andressa Freire Salviano ,&nbsp;María L Miguel-Berges ,&nbsp;Isabel Rueda-De Torre ,&nbsp;Luis A Moreno ,&nbsp;Alba M Santaliestra-Pasías","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107511","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107511","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Previous research suggests that dietary fiber (DF) intake may help reduce chronic low-grade inflammation (CLGI), a condition linked to the early development of cardiometabolic risk factors. Childhood and adolescence represent critical periods for preventing noncommunicable diseases, when adopting healthy eating habits, including adequate fiber consumption, could effectively control CLGI. However, the evidence on DF’s impact on CLGI in the pediatric population remains inconsistent and has not been comprehensively reviewed in a single article. Therefore, we aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effect of DF intake on CLGI in children and adolescents. A systematic search was performed in 4 databases up to January 2025. Two reviewers screened 2030 studies based on inclusion criteria: randomized controlled trials involving participants ≤18 y, interventions (Is) with any type of DF (supplementation, fiber-rich foods, or fiber intake advice) and reporting serum CLGI markers, including C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-6 and TNF-α, among others. Twenty-five randomized controlled trials were included in the systematic review, which showed that DF may have beneficial effects on CRP, IL-10, adiponectin, IL-1β, and IL-6 concentrations; though findings were inconsistent, with some studies reporting no significant changes. Meta-analysis was conducted for CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α. Meta-analysis for CRP concentrations included 10 studies and revealed a significant decrease following DF Is compared to controls (mean difference: –0.640; 95% CI: –1.075, –0.204). Meta-regression revealed that Is based on fiber supplementation resulted in significantly greater CRP reductions compared to those involving fiber-rich foods. Meta-analysis for IL-6 and TNF-α concentrations showed no significant effect after DF I. In conclusion, this review provides evidence that fiber Is may have a beneficial impact on certain markers of CLGI in children and adolescents, particularly by reducing serum CRP concentrations. However, the findings also reveal inconsistencies in the effects of fiber intake on other inflammatory markers.</div><div>This trial was registered at PROSPERO as CRD42024516794.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"9 9","pages":"Article 107511"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144926400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meat Consumption in Relation to Colorectal Cancer Incidence in Anatomical Subsites in the National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and Health Study","authors":"Sémi Zouiouich ,&nbsp;David Wahl ,&nbsp;Linda M Liao,&nbsp;Barry I Graubard,&nbsp;Hyokyoung G Hong,&nbsp;Erikka Loftfield,&nbsp;Rashmi Sinha","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107540","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107540","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>In the literature, the consumption of red and processed meat is associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence. It still remains unclear whether the associations of different types of meat intake with CRC vary by subsite of the colorectum.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>We investigated the association of red, white, and processed meat intakes with CRC incidence across anatomical subsites of the colon and rectum.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed data from 454,505 cancer-free adults in the National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and Health Study cohort. During 6,896,619 person-years of follow-up, 9,461 CRC cases were diagnosed. Type and amount of meat consumed were assessed via food frequency questionnaire. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate associations of meat intake, by type, with CRC for an estimated fixed-unit measure of 50 g/1000 kcal, applying both a substitution and addition approach. The substitution model estimated the effect of replacing a given meat type with another type while keeping total meat constant. The addition model evaluated the independent effects of each meat type, keeping all other individual meat types, but not total meat, constant.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Replacing 50 g/1000 kcal of white meat with red meat was associated with 21% higher CRC incidence. Higher incidence was also observed for proximal colon (16%), distal colon (25%), and rectal (30%) cancers, driven by positive associations in the cecum (19%), transverse colon (32%), sigmoid colon (28%), and rectosigmoid junction (65%). Every 50 g/1000 kcal of red meat intake was independently associated with higher CRC incidence in the proximal colon (11%), distal colon (22%), and rectum (19%). However, white meat was only associated with a lower incidence when replacing red meat. Replacing unprocessed with processed meat intake was associated with higher CRC incidence overall (15%), namely in the proximal colon (18%) and the cecum (33%). Processed meat intake was also independently associated with higher CRC incidence.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>We found that replacing white meat with red meat was associated with higher CRC incidence. The lack of independent inverse associations for white meat intake indicates that lower CRC incidence is derived from lower red meat intake.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"9 9","pages":"Article 107540"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145105107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Empowering Young Adults as Agents of Household Dietary Change: Findings From a Pilot Study Involving a Digital, Family-Led Sodium Reduction Intervention in Singapore","authors":"Kimberly Mei Yi Low,&nbsp;Cindy Mei Jun Chan,&nbsp;Ian Yi Han Ang,&nbsp;Mary Foong-Fong Chong,&nbsp;Shahmir H Ali","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107523","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107523","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Unhealthy dietary habits such as high-sodium intake, are socially embedded and often resistant to individual-level interventions. Family-led approaches, where 1 member initiates change within the household, may offer a more effective alternative.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This pilot study assessed the feasibility and preliminary impact of a digitally delivered, young adult-led sodium reduction intervention on household-level knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors in Singapore.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In a pre-post, single-group design, young adults completed a co-created, self-paced online course featuring video lessons, interactive assignments, and personalized feedback. Over 2 weeks, participants developed sodium-reduction goals and implemented them through tailored 4-wk action plans. Weekly reflections and course metadata captured goal progress, effort, strategies, and barriers. Family members completed parallel preintervention and postintervention surveys, although they did not receive the intervention directly. Surveys assessed constructs from the Theory of Planned Behavior. Multivariable linear mixed models evaluated changes over time, adjusting for demographic and health characteristics.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall, 35 young adults (mean age: 24.4 y; standard deviation [SD]: 3.1) and 79 family members (mean age: 43.0 y; SD: 15.5) completed the intervention. Young adults took a mean of 7.7 d to complete the course, with most crafted goals focusing on reducing sodium intake when eating out. Participants reported higher effort and success with personal goals than family-oriented ones. Perceived behavioral control showed the greatest improvement among both young adults (+2.64, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 2.05, 3.22) and family members (+1.82, 95% CI: 1.42, 2.22). Significant gains were also observed in knowledge, behaviors, subjective norms, and behavioral intentions for all participants (all <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Engagement metrics (e.g., time spent on the course, effort put into the action plans) were not associated with differential changes in most outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A young adult-led, family-focused digital intervention was feasible and demonstrated preliminary improvements in household sodium-related outcomes, warranting further evaluation in larger, more diverse populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"9 9","pages":"Article 107523"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144926389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}