Current Developments in Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Protective Effects of Safranal Against Spike Protein-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Inflammation in Peripheral and Central Immune Cells","authors":"Antonella Girgenti ,&nbsp;Martina Letizia Contente ,&nbsp;Miriam Buttacavoli ,&nbsp;Laura Palumbo ,&nbsp;Flores Naselli ,&nbsp;Sabrina Dallavalle ,&nbsp;Gigliola Borgonovo ,&nbsp;Pasquale Picone ,&nbsp;Andrea Pinto ,&nbsp;Domenico Nuzzo","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107629","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107629","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Saffron (<em>Crocus sativus L</em>.) contains bioactive molecules with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties. Growing evidence indicates that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) promotes neuroinflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction contributing to neuro-coronavirus disease.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The aim of this study is to evaluate the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects of 3 saffron derivatives, picrocrocin, 4-hydroxysafranal, and safranal, in peripheral immune cells and microglia, and to test the hypothesis that these compounds, especially safranal, counteract Spike protein 1(S1)-induced inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>An immortalized murine microglial cell line (BV2) and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy donors were treated with saffron derivatives at nontoxic concentrations (0.05–0.5 mM). Cytotoxicity (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3‑carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4‑sulfophenyl)-2H‑tetrazolium (MTS) assay), antioxidant capacity [2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)], intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS; 2,7-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate), cytokine expression (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and quantitative polymerase chain reaction), and mitochondrial membrane potential (5,5′,6,6′‑tetrachloro‑1,1′,3,3′‑tetraethylbenzimidazolylcarbocyanine iodide (JC-1) assay) were assessed. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) served as an inflammatory control, whereas S1 was used to model SARS-CoV-2-mediated neuroinflammation and mitochondrial damage.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>All saffron derivatives showed antioxidant activity, with safranal demonstrating the strongest DPPH radical scavenging effect and the most pronounced reduction of intracellular ROS. In LPS-stimulated BV2 cells, safranal significantly decreased inducible nitric oxide synthase expression. In PBMCs, saffron compounds attenuated LPS-induced interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) release, with safranal showing the greatest decrease. S1 increased IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor-alpha expression in BV2 microglia. Co-treatment with safranal reduced these cytokines by ∼38% and 44%, respectively. S1 induced a loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, which was effectively restored by safranal, as confirmed by JC-1 fluorescence analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings identify safranal as a promising neuroprotective candidate for preventing or mitigating SARS-CoV-2-associated neurological damage and other disorders involving microglial activation and mitochondrial impairment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"10 1","pages":"Article 107629"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145973629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to: Single Dose of Intravenous Ferric Carboxymaltose Prevents Anemia for 6 Months among Moderately or Severely Anemic Postpartum Women: A Case Study from India. Curr Dev Nutr. 2021; 5(7): nzab078. doi: 10.1093/cdn/nzab078","authors":"Ravneet Kaur ,&nbsp;Shashi Kant ,&nbsp;Partha Haldar ,&nbsp;Farhad Ahamed ,&nbsp;Archana Singh ,&nbsp;Vignesh Dwarakanathan ,&nbsp;Sumit Malhotra ,&nbsp;Kapil Yadav","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107626","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107626","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"10 1","pages":"Article 107626"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145881612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex Differences in Measures of Energy Expenditure and Body Composition in Young, Middle-Aged, and Older Adults","authors":"Hannah E Cabre ,&nbsp;Kara L Marlatt ,&nbsp;Rodrigo Fernández-Verdejo ,&nbsp;Robbie Beyl ,&nbsp;Leanne M Redman ,&nbsp;Philip N Ainslie ,&nbsp;Heliodoro Alemán-Mateo ,&nbsp;Lene F Andersen ,&nbsp;Liam J Anderson ,&nbsp;Lenore Arab ,&nbsp;Kweku Bedu-Addo ,&nbsp;Alberto G Bonomi ,&nbsp;Carlijn VC Bouten ,&nbsp;Pascal Bovet ,&nbsp;Soren Brage ,&nbsp;Maciej S Buchowski ,&nbsp;Nancy F Butte ,&nbsp;Stefan G Camps ,&nbsp;Regina Casper ,&nbsp;Graeme L Close ,&nbsp;Eric Ravussin","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107614","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107614","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Total daily energy expenditure (TDEE) is vital for energy balance and cardiometabolic health, yet its trajectory across the lifespan, particularly in females, remains poorly understood.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>We sought to examine the effects of aging and sex on body composition and TDEE.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In a cross-sectional analysis of data from research centers across 9 European Countries and the United States from the International Atomic Energy Agency database, TDEE and body composition measures of 2326 participants (1560W/766M; 50.7 ± 12 .6 y) were stratified across age groups: young (30–39 y; YOUNG), middle-aged (40–54 y; MID), and old (55–70 y; OLD). Doubly labeled water was used to estimate TDEE and fat-free mass (FFM). Fat mass (FM) was calculated as the difference between body mass and FFM, and %fat was ratio between FM and body mass as a percentage. Linear models were used for analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Females demonstrated greater FM and lower FFM with each age group, compared with males (<em>P &lt;</em> 0.001). In females, OLD had lower absolute TDEE than YOUNG (−217 kcal/d, <em>P &lt;</em> 0.001) and MID (−208 kcal/d, <em>P &lt;</em> 0.001). Male absolute TDEE was lowered across all age groups (OLD compared with YOUNG: −334 kcal/d; OLD compared with MID: −210 kcal/d; MID compared with YOUNG: −124 kcal/d; <em>P &lt;</em> 0.001). Adjusted TDEE was similar within age groups between females and males.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These results suggest that age influences changes in body composition and energy expenditure similarly between males and females. The most significant change in TDEE occurs as individuals transition from middle age to older adulthood. Females generally have a higher percentage of %fat and FM, along with lower FFM, compared with males across all age groups. These findings are important for understanding how aging affects metabolism and body composition, which could inform sex-specific health strategies and interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"10 1","pages":"Article 107614"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145973628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to: The Role of Diet and Hormones on Taste: Low Carb Compared With Low Fat Study Findings. Curr Dev Nutr. 2025 May 19;9(6):107467. doi: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107467","authors":"Rosario B Jaime-Lara ,&nbsp;Alexis T Franks ,&nbsp;Nafisa Nawal ,&nbsp;Meaghan C Steck ,&nbsp;Ariana M Chao ,&nbsp;Carolyn Allen ,&nbsp;Brianna E Brooks ,&nbsp;Monica Atkinson ,&nbsp;Amber B Courville ,&nbsp;Juen Guo ,&nbsp;Shanna Yang ,&nbsp;Marinza Marzouk ,&nbsp;Valerie L Darcey ,&nbsp;Stephanie Chung ,&nbsp;Ciarán G Forde ,&nbsp;Kevin D Hall ,&nbsp;Paule V Joseph","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107618","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107618","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"10 1","pages":"Article 107618"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145838693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Economic Implications of Relapse Among Children Recovered from Severe Acute Malnutrition: Results from a Multicountry Prospective Study in Mali, Somalia, and South Sudan","authors":"Chloe Puett ,&nbsp;Sarah King ,&nbsp;Sherifath Mama Chabi ,&nbsp;Feysal Abdisalan Mohamud ,&nbsp;Nancy Lamwaka ,&nbsp;Heather Stobaugh","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107616","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107616","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The community-based management of acute malnutrition (CMAM) is effective at recovering children from severe acute malnutrition (SAM) and saving lives. However, postdischarge, children may relapse to acute malnutrition (AM), thereby requiring retreatment.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aims to assess the economic implications of treating children who relapse to AM within 6 mo of recovering from initial treatment for uncomplicated SAM in CMAM programs.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study was part of a multicountry prospective cohort study in which children aged 6–47 mo with uncomplicated SAM were followed for 6 mo after recovery in Mali, Somalia, and South Sudan (SSD). Institutional cost data were collected monthly through accounting records or key informant interviews, depending on data availability. Mean costs per treatment episode for each CMAM program component were calculated (initial SAM recovery, relapse to SAM treatment, relapse to moderate AM treatment; 2022 USD).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The cost per child of recovery in initial SAM treatment was $191, $92, and $178 in Mali, Somalia, and SSD, respectively. The cost per child who failed to sustain recovery and required treatment for relapse to SAM was 1.7–2.2 times higher than initial recovery, amounting to an additional $215, $64, and $215/child in Mali, Somalia, and SSD, respectively. Not having to retreat children would save per admitted child on mean $2 in Somalia, $26 in SSD, and $45 in Mali.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This is the first analysis to estimate the cost of retreating children who relapse to AM within 6 mo of recovering from SAM. Our findings show that the cost of treating relapse to SAM is, on mean, twice as high as the initial SAM recovery. Preventing relapse could free up significant resources. Amid reduced global assistance, these results highlight the economic rationale for improving the efficiency of global nutrition programs by reducing relapse rates and strengthening prevention strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"10 1","pages":"Article 107616"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145939485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Maternal Feeding Style and Child Eating Behaviors on Body Mass Index in Young Children in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos Family Lifestyle Outcomes Research Study","authors":"Sarah Gonzalez-Nahm ,&nbsp;Daniela Sotres-Alvarez ,&nbsp;Carmen R Isasi ,&nbsp;Linda C Gallo ,&nbsp;Christina Cordero ,&nbsp;Alan M Delamater ,&nbsp;Martha L Daviglus ,&nbsp;Linda Van Horn ,&nbsp;Anna Maria Siega-Riz","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107611","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107611","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Children’s eating behaviors influence weight, but the relationships among children’s eating behaviors, caregiver feeding styles, and modifying maternal and child factors remain unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to examine the associations between <em>1</em>) child eating behaviors and body mass index (BMI) <em>z</em>-scores, and <em>2</em>) caregiver feeding style and child eating behaviors.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from 290 Hispanic mother–child dyads (children aged 3–9 y) in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos Family Lifestyle Outcomes Research cohort were analyzed cross-sectionally. Child eating behaviors, caregiver feeding styles, and child BMI <em>z</em>-scores were assessed. Linear regression examined: <em>1</em>) child eating behaviors and BMI <em>z</em>-scores, and <em>2</em>) caregiver feeding styles and child eating behaviors. Models adjusted for maternal marital status, prepregnancy BMI, child health, Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program status, poverty level, and study site.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Higher child food responsiveness [<em>β</em> = 0.16; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.01, 0.32] and enjoyment of food (<em>β</em> = 0.18; 95% CI: 0.02, 0.33) were associated with higher BMI <em>z</em>-scores, while greater satiety responsiveness (<em>β</em> = −0.23; 95% CI: −0.42, −0.04) was associated with lower BMI <em>z</em>-score. Authoritarian feeding style was associated with a lower enjoyment of food (<em>β</em> = −0.72; 95% CI: −1.06, −0.38), greater food fussiness (<em>β</em> = 0.42; 95% CI: 0.09, 0.76), greater satiety responsiveness (<em>β</em> = 0.57; 95% CI: 0.31, 0.84), and greater slowness in eating (<em>β</em> = 0.44; 95% CI: 0.13, 0.76). An indulgent feeding style was associated with a lower desire to drink (<em>β</em> = −0.52; 95% CI: −0.90, −0.13), lower satiety responsiveness (<em>β</em> = −0.36; 95% CI: −0.65, −0.10), and lower emotional undereating (<em>β</em> = −0.55, 95% CI: −0.84, −0.25). An uninvolved feeding style was associated with lower emotional undereating (<em>β</em> = −0.63; 95% CI: −0.97, −0.29).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Child food approach behaviors correlate with higher BMI. Findings on caregiver feeding styles and child eating behaviors show complex, sometimes unexpected patterns, highlighting the need for further interdisciplinary research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"10 1","pages":"Article 107611"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145799744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sports Nutrition","authors":"Jonathan D Buckley ,&nbsp;Jess Gwin ,&nbsp;Stuart Phillips","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107613","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107613","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"10 1","pages":"Article 107613"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145973736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between Fish Consumption and Undernutrition among Young Indian Children","authors":"Rajesh Kumar Rai ,&nbsp;Sabri Bromage ,&nbsp;Baban Bayan ,&nbsp;Baishnaba Charan Ratha ,&nbsp;Rockli Kim ,&nbsp;Sourabh Kumar Dubey ,&nbsp;Wanjiku N Gichohi-Wainaina ,&nbsp;Edward H Allison ,&nbsp;Cristiano M Rossignoli ,&nbsp;Arun Panemangalore Padiyar ,&nbsp;S.V. Subramanian ,&nbsp;Christopher D Golden","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107610","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107610","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Although aquatic foods, particularly fish, hold promise as a dietary intervention to address child undernutrition, evidence supporting their role in Indian context remains limited and mixed, thus inconclusive.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>We assessed the association between fish consumption and undernutrition among children aged 6–23 mo using data from India's nationally representative, cross-sectional 2019–2021 National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5). This survey covered 707 districts across 36 states/union territories.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Undernutrition indicators included stunting (sample: 59,560), wasting (sample: 59,145), underweight (sample: 61,450), any anthropometric failure (sample: 60,440), and anemia (sample: 58,850). Stunting, wasting, and underweight were defined as &lt;–2 standard deviations from the median of z-scores for height-for-age, weight-for-height, and weight-for-age of the reference population, respectively. Children measured as being either stunted, wasted, or underweight were defined as having any anthropometric failure. Children were classified as having any anemia, based on hemoglobin levels of &lt;10.5 g/dL. Children's 24-h dietary recall provided information on fish consumption. We used modified Poisson regression models with robust error variance to attain the study objective.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Nationally, a strikingly low prevalence of fish consumption among young children was recorded, with only 4.5% of them reporting intake in the preceding 24 h. Children in 111 of the 707 districts surveyed in NFHS-5 reported no fish consumption. Regression analysis revealed no association (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.1) between fish consumption and anthropometric indicators (stunting, wasting, underweight, and any anthropometric failure) among children aged 6–23 mo. However, a protective association of fish consumption with anemia was observed (relative risk: 0.947; 95% confidence interval: 0.921, 0.973; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Encouraging fish consumption through public initiatives like the National Nutrition Mission could be a valuable strategy for mitigating the burden of anemia among young children. Further research utilizing detailed food consumption data, including fish intake, is warranted to investigate its impact on child health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"10 1","pages":"Article 107610"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145838692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calculation of Compound Intake Levels Using Integrated Food Compound Databases and Food Intake Data","authors":"Marie Y Meima ,&nbsp;Joost Westerhout ,&nbsp;Sabina Bijlsma ,&nbsp;Fiona DM van Schaik ,&nbsp;Bas Oldenburg ,&nbsp;Marjo JE Campmans-Kuijpers ,&nbsp;Marjolein Meijerink ,&nbsp;Geert F Houben","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107612","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107612","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Despite substantial research, the mechanisms through which food influences disease largely remain unclear. Analyzing cohort data at the level of food compounds (i.e. individual molecules present in foods) may reveal new insights, and as a first step, we previously integrated 3 food compound databases.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to combine the integrated food compound databases with food intake data to estimate compound intake levels and evaluate their plausibility.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We used food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) records from 135 adult patients with inflammatory bowel disease from University Medical Center Utrecht. Generic FFQ-based dietary data were translated into compound intake values. We dealt with differing compound values across the databases by applying a systematic prioritization strategy to obtain a single representative value per compound in each food item. Intake amounts of 770 compounds were calculated for all 135 subjects. For vitamins and minerals, plausibility was assessed by checking whether the p50 of our calculated intake fell within the p5 to p95 range of Dutch population intake data. For fatty acids and polyphenols, plausibility was assessed by evaluating whether percentile ranges overlapped with those reported in literature.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our findings indicate that all p50 values of our calculated intake data fell within the p5 to p90 range of the Dutch population intake data for vitamins and minerals. For fatty acids and polyphenols, intake ranges overlapped with those reported in literature for all compounds, but showed more deviation, likely due to regional dietary differences and the absence of standardized population-based intake benchmarks.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our study provides a foundation for food-health research by offering plausible intake estimates for a wide range of dietary compounds derived from Dutch cohort data.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"10 1","pages":"Article 107612"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145939487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Minimally Processed Red Meat within a Plant-Forward Diet on Biomarkers of Physical and Cognitive Aging: A Randomized Controlled Crossover Feeding Trial","authors":"Saba Vaezi ,&nbsp;Bruna O de Vargas ,&nbsp;Lee Weidauer ,&nbsp;Jessica L Freeling ,&nbsp;Moul Dey","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107615","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107615","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Popular dietary patterns for cardiovascular and cognitive health often emphasize limiting red meat intake. However, evidence specifically examining the effects of minimally processed lean red meat, independent of processed varieties, remains limited.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aims to evaluate the impact of incorporating minimally processed lean red meat into a plant-forward dietary pattern aligned with the 2020–2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans on markers of age-related cognitive, metabolic, and physical health.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This 18-wk randomized controlled crossover feeding trial tested a red meat diet with 162 g/d minimally processed pork (MPP) against a macronutrient- and energy-matched no-meat control diet with minimally processed lentils (MPL) in ≥65 y older adults. Serum biomarkers relevant to metabolic-related cognitive and physical health were explored. Primary and secondary endpoints comprised 5 cardiovascular markers, 12 nutrition and neurotransmitter measures, and 2 metrics each of body composition and muscular fitness. Data were analyzed with robust mixed-effects models adjusted for covariates.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Thirty-six Midwestern older adults (26/10 females/males; mean age 71.7 y; mean body mass index: 28 kg/m²) completed the study. Cognitive-related metabolic biomarkers improved across both arms. Adoption of a plant-forward diet led to a reduction in fasting insulin after both MPP and MPL phases (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), and Single Point Insulin Sensitivity Estimator Index increased after MPP (<em>P</em> = 0.032), with no significant between-diet differences. High-density lipoprotein concentrations were higher post-MPP than post-MPL (<em>P</em> = 0.034). Body weight decreased in both phases (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), with a trend toward smaller lean mass loss post-MPP. Grip strength and chair-rise performance were maintained throughout the intervention. Neuroactive metabolites and bioactive amino acid concentrations shifted favorably after both interventions.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Findings challenge the perception that red meat is broadly unsuitable for older adults. Including familiar foods like red meat (pork), particularly in minimally processed form and within a healthy overall dietary pattern, may provide age-associated health benefits and improve adherence to plant-forward diets in populations where red meat remains popular.</div><div>This trial was registered at <span><span>clinicaltrials.gov</span><svg><path></path></svg></span> as NCT05581953 (12 October, 2022) and NCT06261775 (7 February, 2024).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"10 1","pages":"Article 107615"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145939486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}