Current Developments in Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Associations Between Healthy and Plant-Based Dietary Patterns and Cognitive Reserve: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the 1946 British Birth Cohort","authors":"Kelly C Cara ,&nbsp;Tammy M Scott ,&nbsp;Paul F Jacques ,&nbsp;Mei Chung","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107599","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107599","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cognitive reserve (CR) is the ability to compensate for brain changes, injury, and disease, and it is measured by acquired knowledge and experiences. Genes and environmental factors influence CR, but the role of diet is unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study examined associations between CR and alignment with different dietary patterns and investigated diet’s unique contribution to variability in CR.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We applied cross-sectional methods to data from the National Survey of Health and Development’s 1946 British Birth Cohort. National Adult Reading Test (NART) scores at age 53 identified CR levels. Scores for the Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2020 and Plant-Based Diet Indexes (PDIs overall, healthful [hPDI], and unhealthful [uPDI]) were calculated from diet recalls and diaries at ages 4, 36, 43, and 53. Multiple linear regression models identified associations between NART and cumulative mean dietary index scores while adjusting for key confounders. Owen value <em>R</em>² decomposition determined variance explained by covariate groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Participants with complete data were analyzed (<em>n</em> = 2514, 48% male). In regression models, NART was positively associated with HEI, PDI, and hPDI but inversely associated with uPDI. Compared with the lowest quintile, those in the highest quintile for HEI, PDI, and hPDI had significantly higher NART [adjusted mean difference (95% CI) for HEI: 2.25 (1.19, 3.30); PDI: 1.17 (0.19, 2.15); hPDI: 1.42 (0.51, 2.33)], whereas the highest quintile for uPDI showed lower NART (−1.55 [−2.55, −0.54]). Associations weakened but remained significant in models additionally adjusted for childhood cognitive ability. Among dietary patterns, HEI explained the most variation in NART (HEI 2.84%, uPDI 1.51%, hPDI 1.05%, PDI 0.51%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>CR was positively associated with healthy dietary patterns and inversely associated with unhealthful plant-based dietary patterns. Diet uniquely explained variations in CR and should be considered among influential lifestyle factors in future research. Longitudinal analyses are needed to confirm these findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"9 12","pages":"Article 107599"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145682208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diet and Lifestyle Quality in Australian Females with Endometrial Cancer at Diagnosis: Insights from the Fertility-sparing Management for Early Endometrial Cancer (FeMMe) Trial","authors":"Ruqaiya Al Ramadhani ,&nbsp;Monika Janda ,&nbsp;Mary Playdon ,&nbsp;Andreas Obermair","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107572","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107572","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Diet, lifestyle, and body composition may impact quality of life (QoL) and health outcomes in females with endometrial cancer (EC). Many seek guidance on improving prognosis, treatment outcomes, and QoL through nutrition and other modifiable lifestyle factors.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aims to investigate diet and lifestyle quality in FeMMe trial participants and associations with glycemic control, body composition, QoL, and mental health before treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Baseline data from the multicenter, 3-arm, phase II FeMMe trial (NCT01686126), which enrolled females with obesity and early-stage EC or complex endometrial hyperplasia with atypia undergoing conservative hormonal therapy. The Mediterranean diet score (MDS), World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR), and Extended Healthy Lifestyle Index (EHLI) scores were derived from self-reported dietary and lifestyle data. QoL, depression, and anxiety were measured using validated tools. Anthropometry and body composition (height, weight, hip, and waist circumference) were measured by a study nurse. Glycemic control was assessed using blood samples, utilizing the Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance as the measurement metric. Bonferroni correction applied for multiple comparisons; nominal associations defined as <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05 but ≥ 0.001.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Approximately 40.7%, 31.3%, and 34.7% of females had good diet and/or lifestyle quality according to the MDS, WCRF/AICR, and EHLI, respectively. We found that higher WCRF/AICR scores, expressed per standard deviation (SD) increase, were nominally associated with a better overall QoL score (<em>β</em>_{<em>perSD</em>} = 4.45, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.30, 8.61, <em>P</em> = 0.036), and with higher anxiety and depression scores (<em>β</em>_{<em>perSD</em>} = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.09, 1.11, <em>P</em> = 0.02). For the EHLI, each SD increase was nominally associated with 8% reduction in insulin resistance (Exp(<em>β</em>_{<em>perSD</em>}) = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.85, 0.996, <em>P</em> = 0.039).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Among females with EC and BMI ≥ 30 kg/m², healthier lifestyle patterns were associated with better QoL and insulin sensitivity, but also higher anxiety and depression.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"9 12","pages":"Article 107572"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145682218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Equivalent Glycemic Load and Insulinemic Responses Elicited by Low-Carbohydrate Foods: A Randomized Trial in Healthy Adults","authors":"Thomas MS Wolever ,&nbsp;Kevin Miller ,&nbsp;Taylor Banh","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107594","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107594","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The information on the Nutrition Facts Label may overestimate the available-carbohydrate (avCHO) content and glycemic impact of some low-carbohydrate foods containing novel carbohydrates.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The primary objective was to test the hypothesis that the glycemic impact of low-carbohydrate foods, quantified as equivalent-glycemic-load (EGL), measures their avCHO content accurately and precisely (within ±1g). The secondary objectives were to measure the glycemic and insulinemic responses elicited by 7 low-carbohydrate foods.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Healthy overnight-fasted adults (<em>n =</em> 25) consumed 20.8 g or 5.2 g avCHO from white bread (WB20.8, WB5.2, respectively), or 1 of 7 test-products in random order; each subject tested WB20.8 twice. Plasma-glucose responses were measured in all subjects with serum-insulin measured in 10. For each subject, 20.8 × <em>T</em>/<em>W</em> was calculated [<em>T</em> = incremental area under the glucose curve (iAUC) after the test-food, <em>W</em> = mean iAUC after WB20.8]; the mean of the resulting values (excluding outliers) was the test-food EGL.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The expected EGL of WB5.2 was 5.2 g and the measured value was 4.0 g (95% margin of error = 0.6 g). On the basis of the food-label, the test-products contained 3–12 g avCHO (total-carbohydrate minus dietary-fiber). However, because 5 of the test-products contained allulose, which is not included in dietary-fiber and not quantified on the food-label, their content of netCHO (avCHO minus allulose) ranged from 3 to 6 g; even so, their EGL values varied from just 0.6 to 2.4 g. The mean insulin responses elicited by the test-products were positively related to their protein content, but none differed significantly from that elicited by WB5.2.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The results support the hypothesis that the EGL measure is accurate and precise to within ∼±1 g. The EGLs of the 7 test-products were 20%–90% less than expected from their food-labels. The test-products elicited small insulin responses that were positively related to their protein content.</div><div>This trial was registered at <span><span>clinicaltrials.gov</span><svg><path></path></svg></span> as NCT05870891 (<span><span>https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05870891</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"9 12","pages":"Article 107594"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145682210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in Unprocessed Red and Processed Meat Consumption in the Mexican Population, 2006–2020","authors":"Kaela Connors ,&nbsp;Lindsay M Jaacks ,&nbsp;Peter Alexander ,&nbsp;Juan A Rivera ,&nbsp;Carolina Batis","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107598","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107598","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Meat consumption trends in Mexico are poorly understood, and this may have implications for Mexico’s diet-related disease burden and the sustainability of diets.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>We assessed trends in protein-rich food groups and the contribution of unprocessed red and processed meat to nutrient intake.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We used nationally representative (all ages) dietary information from the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey, collected using a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire in 2006, 2012, 2016, 2018, and 2020. We tested for time trends and sociodemographic differences in daily consumption using survey-weighted generalized linear regression, adjusting for total energy intake. The contribution to nutrient intake was assessed from a 2016 24-h dietary recall.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Energy-adjusted unprocessed red meat consumption decreased slightly from 2006 to 2020, but processed meat remained unchanged [change in daily consumption (g) per survey cycle (95% confidence interval) <em>β</em> = −0.28 (−0.49, −0.08) and 0.01 (−0.06, 0.09), respectively]. Among 6–19 y olds, unprocessed red and processed meat consumption marginally increased. Other protein-rich foods such as seafood, legumes, nuts, and seeds decreased over time, whereas poultry and dairy increased. Egg consumption remained constant. Unprocessed red and processed meat contributed substantially to per capita heme iron intake (23% and 26%, respectively) and vitamin B12 intake (17% and 9.8%, respectively).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Processed meat consumption is well-above dietary targets and has not declined in Mexico, with modest increases among young people, posing potentially negative health and environmental consequences. Meat was a major contributor to heme iron and vitamin B12, but less so (&lt;10%) for other essential nutrients. Therefore, policies to encourage meat reduction, particularly processed meat, are unlikely to adversely affect nutritional status.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"9 12","pages":"Article 107598"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145682212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of Acute Caffeine Supplementation in Combination with Postactivation Performance Enhancement on Performance and Fatigue in High-Level Male Volleyball Athletes","authors":"Marjan Shidai ,&nbsp;Hamid Rajabi ,&nbsp;Neda Khaledi ,&nbsp;Aref Basereh ,&nbsp;Somayeh Ahmadabadi","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107601","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107601","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>While both post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) and caffeine (CAF) independently enhance performance, their combined effects on physical performance and the levels of central and peripheral fatigue remain unexplored.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study assessed the impact of the PAPE method and CAF supplementation on central and peripheral fatigue following a fatigue-inducing protocol in elite male volleyball athletes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The study employed a convenience sampling method to recruit 40 voluntary participants (18–30 y), who were then divided into 4 groups: PAPE group (<em>N</em> = 10), CAF group (<em>N</em> = 10), PAPE + CAF group (CAF + PAPE, <em>N</em> = 10), and control group (CG, <em>N</em> = 10). The CAF group received a CAF supplement of 6 mg/kg of body mass 20 min before the warming up for 10 min, whereas the PAPE group performed 2 sets of back squats at 80% of 1RM (4 reps/set) 2 min before the protocol.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Between-group comparisons revealed that the PAPE + CAF group demonstrated a significant improvement in the performance variables, including time to exhaustion, number of rounds, and serum dopamine concentrations, compared with all other groups (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), whereas serum ammonia, serotonin, and prolactin concentrations decreased significantly compared with all other groups (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The CAF group also showed higher values in these performance and biochemical measures than the CG and PAPE groups, but these were lower than those in the CAF + PAPE group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). No significant differences were found for rating of perceived exertion or uric acid (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study confirms CAF's primary role in enhancing performance and reducing fatigue. The combined CAF + PAPE intervention provided a distinct advantage only for the number of rounds completed, but showed no significant benefit over CAF alone for time to exhaustion or most biochemical markers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"9 12","pages":"Article 107601"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145682211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Maternal Feeding Style and Child Eating Behaviors on Body Mass Index in Young Children in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos Family Lifestyle Outcomes Research Study","authors":"Sarah Gonzalez-Nahm ,&nbsp;Daniela Sotres-Alvarez ,&nbsp;Carmen R Isasi ,&nbsp;Linda C Gallo ,&nbsp;Christina Cordero ,&nbsp;Alan M Delamater ,&nbsp;Martha L Daviglus ,&nbsp;Linda Van Horn ,&nbsp;Anna Maria Siega-Riz","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107611","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107611","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Children’s eating behaviors influence weight, but the relationships among children’s eating behaviors, caregiver feeding styles, and modifying maternal and child factors remain unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to examine the associations between <em>1</em>) child eating behaviors and body mass index (BMI) <em>z</em>-scores, and <em>2</em>) caregiver feeding style and child eating behaviors.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from 290 Hispanic mother–child dyads (children aged 3–9 y) in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos Family Lifestyle Outcomes Research cohort were analyzed cross-sectionally. Child eating behaviors, caregiver feeding styles, and child BMI <em>z</em>-scores were assessed. Linear regression examined: <em>1</em>) child eating behaviors and BMI <em>z</em>-scores, and <em>2</em>) caregiver feeding styles and child eating behaviors. Models adjusted for maternal marital status, prepregnancy BMI, child health, Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program status, poverty level, and study site.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Higher child food responsiveness [<em>β</em> = 0.16; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.01, 0.32] and enjoyment of food (<em>β</em> = 0.18; 95% CI: 0.02, 0.33) were associated with higher BMI <em>z</em>-scores, while greater satiety responsiveness (<em>β</em> = −0.23; 95% CI: −0.42, −0.04) was associated with lower BMI <em>z</em>-score. Authoritarian feeding style was associated with a lower enjoyment of food (<em>β</em> = −0.72; 95% CI: −1.06, −0.38), greater food fussiness (<em>β</em> = 0.42; 95% CI: 0.09, 0.76), greater satiety responsiveness (<em>β</em> = 0.57; 95% CI: 0.31, 0.84), and greater slowness in eating (<em>β</em> = 0.44; 95% CI: 0.13, 0.76). An indulgent feeding style was associated with a lower desire to drink (<em>β</em> = −0.52; 95% CI: −0.90, −0.13), lower satiety responsiveness (<em>β</em> = −0.36; 95% CI: −0.65, −0.10), and lower emotional undereating (<em>β</em> = −0.55, 95% CI: −0.84, −0.25). An uninvolved feeding style was associated with lower emotional undereating (<em>β</em> = −0.63; 95% CI: −0.97, −0.29).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Child food approach behaviors correlate with higher BMI. Findings on caregiver feeding styles and child eating behaviors show complex, sometimes unexpected patterns, highlighting the need for further interdisciplinary research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"10 1","pages":"Article 107611"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145799744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between Fish Consumption and Undernutrition among Young Indian Children","authors":"Rajesh Kumar Rai ,&nbsp;Sabri Bromage ,&nbsp;Baban Bayan ,&nbsp;Baishnaba Charan Ratha ,&nbsp;Rockli Kim ,&nbsp;Sourabh Kumar Dubey ,&nbsp;Wanjiku N Gichohi-Wainaina ,&nbsp;Edward H Allison ,&nbsp;Cristiano M Rossignoli ,&nbsp;Arun Panemangalore Padiyar ,&nbsp;S.V. Subramanian ,&nbsp;Christopher D Golden","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107610","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107610","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Although aquatic foods, particularly fish, hold promise as a dietary intervention to address child undernutrition, evidence supporting their role in Indian context remains limited and mixed, thus inconclusive.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>We assessed the association between fish consumption and undernutrition among children aged 6–23 mo using data from India's nationally representative, cross-sectional 2019–2021 National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5). This survey covered 707 districts across 36 states/union territories.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Undernutrition indicators included stunting (sample: 59,560), wasting (sample: 59,145), underweight (sample: 61,450), any anthropometric failure (sample: 60,440), and anemia (sample: 58,850). Stunting, wasting, and underweight were defined as &lt;–2 standard deviations from the median of z-scores for height-for-age, weight-for-height, and weight-for-age of the reference population, respectively. Children measured as being either stunted, wasted, or underweight were defined as having any anthropometric failure. Children were classified as having any anemia, based on hemoglobin levels of &lt;10.5 g/dL. Children's 24-h dietary recall provided information on fish consumption. We used modified Poisson regression models with robust error variance to attain the study objective.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Nationally, a strikingly low prevalence of fish consumption among young children was recorded, with only 4.5% of them reporting intake in the preceding 24 h. Children in 111 of the 707 districts surveyed in NFHS-5 reported no fish consumption. Regression analysis revealed no association (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.1) between fish consumption and anthropometric indicators (stunting, wasting, underweight, and any anthropometric failure) among children aged 6–23 mo. However, a protective association of fish consumption with anemia was observed (relative risk: 0.947; 95% confidence interval: 0.921, 0.973; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Encouraging fish consumption through public initiatives like the National Nutrition Mission could be a valuable strategy for mitigating the burden of anemia among young children. Further research utilizing detailed food consumption data, including fish intake, is warranted to investigate its impact on child health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"10 1","pages":"Article 107610"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145838692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The UK Food Environment: A Systematic Review of Domains, Methodologies, and Outcomes","authors":"Deksha Kapoor ,&nbsp;Kirsteen Shields ,&nbsp;Christian Reynolds ,&nbsp;Martín Del Valle Menendez ,&nbsp;Lindsay M Jaacks","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107573","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107573","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding food environments is crucial for developing policies and interventions to enhance the healthfulness and sustainability of UK diets. We systematically reviewed published scientific research to answer 2 research questions. First, what types and domains of the food environment have been assessed in the United Kingdom using what methodologies? Domains included availability, affordability, promotion, product characteristics/quality, convenience, and sustainability. Second, what outcomes have been assessed in relation to food environments? Outcomes were classified as descriptive (describing the food environment), dietary intake, and health. Articles published between January 2000 and December 2024 were identified by searching 7 databases: CAB Abstracts, CINAHL, EMBASE, Global Health, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. A total of 31,457 articles were identified, 3418 full texts were reviewed, and 286 articles were included. Another 26 articles were included after screening the references of articles identified in the database search. Thus, data were extracted from a total of 312 articles. The most common domain studied was availability (<em>n =</em> 100, 32%), followed by product characteristics/quality (<em>n =</em> 94, 30%) and promotion (<em>n =</em> 33, 10%). There was a paucity of research on the domains of sustainability (<em>n =</em> 19, 6%) and affordability (<em>n =</em> 16, 5%), with no articles on the domain of convenience. Only 49 articles (16%) evaluated &gt;1 domain. Most articles were descriptive (<em>n =</em> 206, 66%); 64 (20%) evaluated the association of the food environment with dietary intake and 42 (13%) evaluated the association with health, nearly all with obesity. The current literature on the food environment in the United Kingdom focuses largely on availability in the food retail space. More research is needed to understand how different domains of the food environment interact to influence dietary intake and health.</div><div>The protocol was registered at PROSPERO as CRD42022306066 on 8 February 2022.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"9 11","pages":"Article 107573"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145464198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GLP-1 Receptor Agonists – Good for Body Weight, Bad for Micronutrient Status?","authors":"Felix Kerlikowsky ,&nbsp;Klaus Krämer ,&nbsp;Manfred Eggersdorfer ,&nbsp;Andreas Hahn","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107587","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107587","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Obesity is a global health issue with a prevalence predicted to affect 24% of the world's population by 2035. A high-caloric intake and a sedentary lifestyle are, along with other factors, the main causes of obesity. Since 2014, the pharmacological use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs), which mimic the gut hormone GLP-1, has provided an alternative to lifestyle interventions for tackling obesity. GLP-1 RAs suppress appetite and slow gastrointestinal transit time. This reduces food and energy intake to a degree that previous pharmacotherapies have not achieved. Mechanistically, GLP-1 RAs act through peripheral and central nervous pathways, increasing insulin secretion while inhibiting glucagon release and gastric motility. The significant reduction in food consumption raises concerns about adequate dietary intakes with an increased risk of micronutrient deficiencies, particularly among obese individuals. Here, we highlight the need for further research by summarizing current evidence on GLP-1 RA and its potential impact on dietary patterns and micronutrient status. Relevant publications were identified through searches in PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Cochrane Databases, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Embase databases up to June 2025. Only peer-reviewed articles published in English were considered. We found that the clinical use of GLP-1 RA reduces energy intake by ≤40%, resulting in notable weight loss compared with traditional lifestyle modifications. Consequently, professional dietary counseling is essential in order to support the selection and consumption of nutrient-dense, protein-rich foods and prevent nutrient inadequacies and loss of muscle mass during weight loss. However, given its widespread use in the general population, many individuals using GLP-1 RA may not be under supervision. This could markedly increase risk of micronutrient deficiencies, which are already more prevalent in obesity. Future research is needed to systematically investigate the long-term nutritional consequences of GLP-1 RA, paying particular attention to micronutrient intake and status.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"9 11","pages":"Article 107587"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145576784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Maternal Moringa oleifera Leaf Supplementation on Maternal and Infant Nutritional Status and Human Milk Output: A Pilot Single-Blinded Cluster-Randomized Trial","authors":"Suzanna L Attia ,&nbsp;Patrick M Owuor ,&nbsp;Silvia A Odhiambo ,&nbsp;Jerusha N Mogaka ,&nbsp;Raphael Ondondo ,&nbsp;Irma Castro Navarro ,&nbsp;Aric Schadler ,&nbsp;Kristen McQuerry ,&nbsp;George J Fuchs III ,&nbsp;Janet E Williams ,&nbsp;Katlyn N Scarrow ,&nbsp;Mark A McGuire ,&nbsp;Michelle K McGuire ,&nbsp;Carrie Waterman","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107568","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107568","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Feeding of human milk enhances infant health and survival over alternative feeding methods, but early cessation often occurs due to perceived or real insufficient milk supply. <em>Moringa oleifera</em> leaves are nutrient dense and may increase milk output.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>We investigated the impact of maternal dried moringa leaf powder supplementation (moringa) on milk composition and output and infant and maternal health.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Breastfeeding mother–infant pairs (<em>n</em> = 50) living in Kisumu County, Kenya, were cluster-randomized by location to consume moringa powder (20 g/d) in corn porridge (the moringa group) or corn porridge alone (the control group) for 3 mo. Milk and maternal/infant blood were collected and 24-h expressed milk volume evaluated at baseline and 3 mo. Maternal and infant anthropometrics were measured monthly. Milk lipid and protein concentrations and maternal and/or infant serum retinol-binding protein, ferritin/soluble transferrin receptor, and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 concentrations were measured.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Nearly, all dyads (<em>n</em> = 45, 90%) completed the study. Baseline characteristics were similar between groups. At 3 mo, mothers in the moringa group (mean: 947 mL; 95% CI: 794, 1113 mL) expressed twice as much milk as controls (mean: 618 mL; 95% CI: 486, 763 mL; <em>P</em> = 0.003). Infant serum IGF-1 concentration was greater in the moringa group (mean: 25.2 ng/mL; 95% CI: 21.0, 29.5 ng/mL) than that in the control group (mean: 17.8 ng/mL; 95% CI: 13.6, 22.0 ng/mL; <em>P</em> = 0.017). There was no effect of moringa on total milk lipid and protein concentrations, fatty acids, or infant growth.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In this population, 3 mo of maternal moringa consumption was associated with increased expressed milk output and higher circulating infant IGF-1 without impacting infant growth. Additional studies are needed to understand the mechanisms driving these effects and their influence on long-term health.</div><div>This trial was registered at <span><span>clinicaltrials.gov</span><svg><path></path></svg></span> as NCT04587271 (<span><span>https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04587271</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"9 11","pages":"Article 107568"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145464199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}