Current Developments in Nutrition最新文献_第6页

Trends in Unprocessed Red and Processed Meat Consumption in the Mexican Population, 2006–2020 2006-2020年墨西哥人口未加工红肉和加工肉消费趋势

IF 3.2 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Current Developments in Nutrition

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107598

Kaela Connors , Lindsay M Jaacks , Peter Alexander , Juan A Rivera , Carolina Batis

Background

Meat consumption trends in Mexico are poorly understood, and this may have implications for Mexico’s diet-related disease burden and the sustainability of diets.

Objectives

We assessed trends in protein-rich food groups and the contribution of unprocessed red and processed meat to nutrient intake.

Methods

We used nationally representative (all ages) dietary information from the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey, collected using a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire in 2006, 2012, 2016, 2018, and 2020. We tested for time trends and sociodemographic differences in daily consumption using survey-weighted generalized linear regression, adjusting for total energy intake. The contribution to nutrient intake was assessed from a 2016 24-h dietary recall.

Results

Energy-adjusted unprocessed red meat consumption decreased slightly from 2006 to 2020, but processed meat remained unchanged [change in daily consumption (g) per survey cycle (95% confidence interval) β = −0.28 (−0.49, −0.08) and 0.01 (−0.06, 0.09), respectively]. Among 6–19 y olds, unprocessed red and processed meat consumption marginally increased. Other protein-rich foods such as seafood, legumes, nuts, and seeds decreased over time, whereas poultry and dairy increased. Egg consumption remained constant. Unprocessed red and processed meat contributed substantially to per capita heme iron intake (23% and 26%, respectively) and vitamin B12 intake (17% and 9.8%, respectively).

Conclusions

Processed meat consumption is well-above dietary targets and has not declined in Mexico, with modest increases among young people, posing potentially negative health and environmental consequences. Meat was a major contributor to heme iron and vitamin B12, but less so (<10%) for other essential nutrients. Therefore, policies to encourage meat reduction, particularly processed meat, are unlikely to adversely affect nutritional status.

墨西哥的肉类消费趋势尚不清楚，这可能对墨西哥与饮食有关的疾病负担和饮食的可持续性产生影响。目的：我们评估了蛋白质丰富食物组的趋势，以及未加工的红肉和加工过的肉对营养摄入的贡献。方法采用半定量食物频率问卷收集的2006年、2012年、2016年、2018年和2020年墨西哥国家健康与营养调查中具有全国代表性（所有年龄段）的饮食信息。我们使用调查加权广义线性回归测试了每日消费的时间趋势和社会人口差异，并对总能量摄入进行了调整。对营养摄入的贡献是通过2016年24小时饮食召回来评估的。结果2006 - 2020年，经能量调整后的未加工红肉消费量略有下降，但加工肉消费量保持不变[每个调查周期的日消费量(g)变化（95%置信区间）β分别= - 0.28（- 0.49,- 0.08）和0.01(- 0.06,0.09)]。在6-19岁的青少年中，未加工的红肉和加工肉类的消费量略有增加。其他富含蛋白质的食物，如海鲜、豆类、坚果和种子，随着时间的推移会减少，而家禽和乳制品则会增加。鸡蛋消费量保持不变。未加工的红肉和加工肉对人均血红素铁摄入量（分别为23%和26%）和维生素B12摄入量（分别为17%和9.8%）贡献很大。墨西哥的加工肉类消费量远高于饮食目标，而且没有下降，年轻人的消费量略有增加，这可能对健康和环境造成负面影响。肉类是血红素铁和维生素B12的主要来源，但对其他必需营养素的贡献较少（10%）。因此，鼓励减少肉类，特别是加工肉类的政策不太可能对营养状况产生不利影响。

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引用次数: 0

Equivalent Glycemic Load and Insulinemic Responses Elicited by Low-Carbohydrate Foods: A Randomized Trial in Healthy Adults 低碳水化合物食物引起的等效血糖负荷和胰岛素反应：一项健康成年人的随机试验

IF 3.2 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Current Developments in Nutrition

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107594

Thomas MS Wolever , Kevin Miller , Taylor Banh

Background

The information on the Nutrition Facts Label may overestimate the available-carbohydrate (avCHO) content and glycemic impact of some low-carbohydrate foods containing novel carbohydrates.

Objectives

The primary objective was to test the hypothesis that the glycemic impact of low-carbohydrate foods, quantified as equivalent-glycemic-load (EGL), measures their avCHO content accurately and precisely (within ±1g). The secondary objectives were to measure the glycemic and insulinemic responses elicited by 7 low-carbohydrate foods.

Methods

Healthy overnight-fasted adults (n = 25) consumed 20.8 g or 5.2 g avCHO from white bread (WB20.8, WB5.2, respectively), or 1 of 7 test-products in random order; each subject tested WB20.8 twice. Plasma-glucose responses were measured in all subjects with serum-insulin measured in 10. For each subject, 20.8 × T/W was calculated [T = incremental area under the glucose curve (iAUC) after the test-food, W = mean iAUC after WB20.8]; the mean of the resulting values (excluding outliers) was the test-food EGL.

Results

The expected EGL of WB5.2 was 5.2 g and the measured value was 4.0 g (95% margin of error = 0.6 g). On the basis of the food-label, the test-products contained 3–12 g avCHO (total-carbohydrate minus dietary-fiber). However, because 5 of the test-products contained allulose, which is not included in dietary-fiber and not quantified on the food-label, their content of netCHO (avCHO minus allulose) ranged from 3 to 6 g; even so, their EGL values varied from just 0.6 to 2.4 g. The mean insulin responses elicited by the test-products were positively related to their protein content, but none differed significantly from that elicited by WB5.2.

Conclusions

The results support the hypothesis that the EGL measure is accurate and precise to within ∼±1 g. The EGLs of the 7 test-products were 20%–90% less than expected from their food-labels. The test-products elicited small insulin responses that were positively related to their protein content.

This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT05870891 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05870891).

背景：营养成分标签上的信息可能高估了一些含有新型碳水化合物的低碳水化合物食物的有效碳水化合物（avCHO）含量和对血糖的影响。主要目的是验证低碳水化合物食物的血糖影响，量化为等效血糖负荷（EGL），准确和精确地测量其avCHO含量（±1g）。次要目的是测量7种低碳水化合物食物引起的血糖和胰岛素反应。方法健康禁食的成年人（n = 25）从白面包（分别为WB20.8和WB5.2）或随机从7种试验产品中选择1种食用20.8 g或5.2 g的cho；每位受试者测试WB20.8两次。测定所有受试者的血糖反应，并测定血清胰岛素。每个受试者计算20.8 × T/W [T =试验食物后葡萄糖曲线下增量面积（iAUC）， W = WB20.8后平均iAUC]；结果值的平均值（不包括异常值）为测试食品EGL。结果WB5.2的预期EGL为5.2 g，实测值为4.0 g（95%误差范围为0.6 g）。根据食品标签，测试产品含有3 - 12g的avCHO（总碳水化合物减去膳食纤维）。然而，由于5个测试产品含有不包含在膳食纤维中且未在食品标签上量化的allulose，因此它们的netCHO （avCHO减去allulose）含量在3至6 g之间；即便如此，他们的EGL值从0.6 g到2.4 g不等。试验产品引起的平均胰岛素反应与其蛋白质含量呈正相关，但与WB5.2引起的胰岛素反应无显著差异。结论EGL测量结果准确，精确到~±1g。7种测试产品的egl比食品标签上的预期值低20%-90%。测试产品引起了与蛋白质含量呈正相关的小胰岛素反应。该试验在clinicaltrials.gov注册为NCT05870891 （https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05870891）。

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引用次数: 0

The Effects of Acute Caffeine Supplementation in Combination with Postactivation Performance Enhancement on Performance and Fatigue in High-Level Male Volleyball Athletes 急性咖啡因补充联合激活后性能增强对高水平男子排球运动员性能和疲劳的影响

IF 3.2 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Current Developments in Nutrition

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107601

Marjan Shidai , Hamid Rajabi , Neda Khaledi , Aref Basereh , Somayeh Ahmadabadi

Background

While both post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) and caffeine (CAF) independently enhance performance, their combined effects on physical performance and the levels of central and peripheral fatigue remain unexplored.

Objectives

This study assessed the impact of the PAPE method and CAF supplementation on central and peripheral fatigue following a fatigue-inducing protocol in elite male volleyball athletes.

Methods

The study employed a convenience sampling method to recruit 40 voluntary participants (18–30 y), who were then divided into 4 groups: PAPE group (N = 10), CAF group (N = 10), PAPE + CAF group (CAF + PAPE, N = 10), and control group (CG, N = 10). The CAF group received a CAF supplement of 6 mg/kg of body mass 20 min before the warming up for 10 min, whereas the PAPE group performed 2 sets of back squats at 80% of 1RM (4 reps/set) 2 min before the protocol.

Results

Between-group comparisons revealed that the PAPE + CAF group demonstrated a significant improvement in the performance variables, including time to exhaustion, number of rounds, and serum dopamine concentrations, compared with all other groups (P < 0.05), whereas serum ammonia, serotonin, and prolactin concentrations decreased significantly compared with all other groups (P < 0.05). The CAF group also showed higher values in these performance and biochemical measures than the CG and PAPE groups, but these were lower than those in the CAF + PAPE group (P < 0.05). No significant differences were found for rating of perceived exertion or uric acid (P > 0.05).

Conclusions

This study confirms CAF's primary role in enhancing performance and reducing fatigue. The combined CAF + PAPE intervention provided a distinct advantage only for the number of rounds completed, but showed no significant benefit over CAF alone for time to exhaustion or most biochemical markers.

虽然激活后性能增强（PAPE）和咖啡因（CAF）都能单独提高性能，但它们对身体性能和中枢和外周疲劳水平的综合影响仍未被研究。目的：本研究评估PAPE方法和CAF补充对优秀男排运动员疲劳诱导方案后中枢和外周疲劳的影响。方法采用方便抽样法，随机招募年龄在18-30岁的志愿者40名，将其分为4组：PAPE组（N = 10）、CAF组（N = 10）、PAPE + CAF组（CAF + PAPE, N = 10）和对照组（CG, N = 10）。CAF组在热身前20分钟补充6 mg/kg体重的CAF，持续10分钟，而PAPE组在热身前2分钟以80%的1RM（4次/组）进行2组背部深蹲。结果组间比较显示，与其他组相比，PAPE + CAF组在疲劳时间、回合数和血清多巴胺浓度等性能变量上均有显著改善（P < 0.05），而血清氨、血清素和催乳素浓度较其他组显著降低（P < 0.05）。CAF组在这些性能指标和生化指标上均高于CG和PAPE组，但低于CAF + PAPE组（P < 0.05）。两组的劳累程度和尿酸评分无显著差异（P > 0.05）。结论：本研究证实了CAF在提高运动成绩和减轻疲劳方面的主要作用。CAF + PAPE联合干预仅在完成的回合数上有明显的优势，但在衰竭时间或大多数生化指标上，与CAF单独干预相比没有明显的优势。

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引用次数: 0

GLP-1 Receptor Agonists – Good for Body Weight, Bad for Micronutrient Status? GLP-1受体激动剂-对体重有益，对微量营养素状况有害？

IF 3.2 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Current Developments in Nutrition

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107587

Felix Kerlikowsky , Klaus Krämer , Manfred Eggersdorfer , Andreas Hahn

Obesity is a global health issue with a prevalence predicted to affect 24% of the world's population by 2035. A high-caloric intake and a sedentary lifestyle are, along with other factors, the main causes of obesity. Since 2014, the pharmacological use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs), which mimic the gut hormone GLP-1, has provided an alternative to lifestyle interventions for tackling obesity. GLP-1 RAs suppress appetite and slow gastrointestinal transit time. This reduces food and energy intake to a degree that previous pharmacotherapies have not achieved. Mechanistically, GLP-1 RAs act through peripheral and central nervous pathways, increasing insulin secretion while inhibiting glucagon release and gastric motility. The significant reduction in food consumption raises concerns about adequate dietary intakes with an increased risk of micronutrient deficiencies, particularly among obese individuals. Here, we highlight the need for further research by summarizing current evidence on GLP-1 RA and its potential impact on dietary patterns and micronutrient status. Relevant publications were identified through searches in PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Cochrane Databases, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Embase databases up to June 2025. Only peer-reviewed articles published in English were considered. We found that the clinical use of GLP-1 RA reduces energy intake by ≤40%, resulting in notable weight loss compared with traditional lifestyle modifications. Consequently, professional dietary counseling is essential in order to support the selection and consumption of nutrient-dense, protein-rich foods and prevent nutrient inadequacies and loss of muscle mass during weight loss. However, given its widespread use in the general population, many individuals using GLP-1 RA may not be under supervision. This could markedly increase risk of micronutrient deficiencies, which are already more prevalent in obesity. Future research is needed to systematically investigate the long-term nutritional consequences of GLP-1 RA, paying particular attention to micronutrient intake and status.

肥胖是一个全球性的健康问题，预计到2035年，全球24%的人口将受到肥胖的影响。高热量摄入和久坐不动的生活方式，以及其他因素，是肥胖的主要原因。自2014年以来，模拟肠道激素GLP-1的胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂（GLP-1 RAs）的药理应用为解决肥胖问题提供了一种替代生活方式干预的方法。GLP-1 RAs抑制食欲，减慢胃肠道转运时间。这减少了食物和能量的摄入，达到了以前的药物疗法无法达到的程度。在机制上，GLP-1 RAs通过外周和中枢神经通路起作用，增加胰岛素分泌，抑制胰高血糖素释放和胃运动。食物消费的显著减少引起了人们对饮食摄入充足会增加微量营养素缺乏风险的担忧，特别是在肥胖人群中。在这里，我们通过总结目前关于GLP-1 RA及其对饮食模式和微量营养素状况的潜在影响的证据来强调进一步研究的必要性。相关出版物通过PubMed/Medline、Scopus、Cochrane数据库、b谷歌Scholar、Web of Science和Embase数据库检索到2025年6月。只考虑用英文发表的同行评议文章。我们发现，临床使用GLP-1 RA可减少能量摄入≤40%，与传统生活方式改变相比，体重明显减轻。因此，专业的饮食咨询是必不可少的，以支持选择和消费营养丰富，富含蛋白质的食物，防止营养不足和减肥期间肌肉质量的损失。然而，鉴于其在普通人群中的广泛使用，许多使用GLP-1 RA的个体可能不受监督。这可能会显著增加微量营养素缺乏的风险，这在肥胖中已经很普遍了。未来的研究需要系统地调查GLP-1 RA的长期营养后果，特别关注微量营养素的摄入和状态。

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引用次数: 0

The UK Food Environment: A Systematic Review of Domains, Methodologies, and Outcomes 英国食品环境：领域，方法和结果的系统回顾

IF 3.2 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Current Developments in Nutrition

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107573

Deksha Kapoor , Kirsteen Shields , Christian Reynolds , Martín Del Valle Menendez , Lindsay M Jaacks

Understanding food environments is crucial for developing policies and interventions to enhance the healthfulness and sustainability of UK diets. We systematically reviewed published scientific research to answer 2 research questions. First, what types and domains of the food environment have been assessed in the United Kingdom using what methodologies? Domains included availability, affordability, promotion, product characteristics/quality, convenience, and sustainability. Second, what outcomes have been assessed in relation to food environments? Outcomes were classified as descriptive (describing the food environment), dietary intake, and health. Articles published between January 2000 and December 2024 were identified by searching 7 databases: CAB Abstracts, CINAHL, EMBASE, Global Health, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. A total of 31,457 articles were identified, 3418 full texts were reviewed, and 286 articles were included. Another 26 articles were included after screening the references of articles identified in the database search. Thus, data were extracted from a total of 312 articles. The most common domain studied was availability (n = 100, 32%), followed by product characteristics/quality (n = 94, 30%) and promotion (n = 33, 10%). There was a paucity of research on the domains of sustainability (n = 19, 6%) and affordability (n = 16, 5%), with no articles on the domain of convenience. Only 49 articles (16%) evaluated >1 domain. Most articles were descriptive (n = 206, 66%); 64 (20%) evaluated the association of the food environment with dietary intake and 42 (13%) evaluated the association with health, nearly all with obesity. The current literature on the food environment in the United Kingdom focuses largely on availability in the food retail space. More research is needed to understand how different domains of the food environment interact to influence dietary intake and health.

The protocol was registered at PROSPERO as CRD42022306066 on 8 February 2022.

了解食物环境对于制定政策和干预措施以提高英国饮食的健康和可持续性至关重要。我们系统地回顾了已发表的科学研究，以回答两个研究问题。首先，在英国，用什么方法评估了食品环境的哪些类型和领域？领域包括可用性、可负担性、促销、产品特性/质量、便利性和可持续性。第二，与食品环境相关的评估结果是什么？结果分为描述性（描述食物环境）、饮食摄入和健康。2000年1月至2024年12月间发表的文章通过检索7个数据库进行鉴定：CAB Abstracts、CINAHL、EMBASE、Global Health、PubMed、Scopus和Web of Science。共识别31457篇文献，审阅全文3418篇，纳入286篇文献。在筛选数据库检索中找到的文章的参考文献后，又纳入了26篇文章。因此，数据是从312篇文章中提取的。最常见的研究领域是可用性（n = 100, 32%），其次是产品特性/质量（n = 94, 30%）和促销（n = 33, 10%）。关于可持续性（n = 19.6%）和可负担性（n = 16.5%）领域的研究很少，而关于便利性领域的研究则没有。只有49篇文章（16%）评估了1个领域。大多数文章是描述性的（n = 206, 66%）；64家（20%）评估了食物环境与饮食摄入的关系，42家（13%）评估了食物环境与健康的关系，几乎都与肥胖有关。目前关于英国食品环境的文献主要集中在食品零售空间的可用性上。需要更多的研究来了解食物环境的不同领域如何相互作用来影响饮食摄入和健康。该协议于2022年2月8日在普洛斯彼罗注册为CRD42022306066。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of Maternal Moringa oleifera Leaf Supplementation on Maternal and Infant Nutritional Status and Human Milk Output: A Pilot Single-Blinded Cluster-Randomized Trial 母体辣木叶补充对母婴营养状况和母乳产量的影响：一项单盲集群随机试验

IF 3.2 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Current Developments in Nutrition

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107568

Suzanna L Attia , Patrick M Owuor , Silvia A Odhiambo , Jerusha N Mogaka , Raphael Ondondo , Irma Castro Navarro , Aric Schadler , Kristen McQuerry , George J Fuchs III , Janet E Williams , Katlyn N Scarrow , Mark A McGuire , Michelle K McGuire , Carrie Waterman

Background

Feeding of human milk enhances infant health and survival over alternative feeding methods, but early cessation often occurs due to perceived or real insufficient milk supply. Moringa oleifera leaves are nutrient dense and may increase milk output.

Objectives

We investigated the impact of maternal dried moringa leaf powder supplementation (moringa) on milk composition and output and infant and maternal health.

Methods

Breastfeeding mother–infant pairs (n = 50) living in Kisumu County, Kenya, were cluster-randomized by location to consume moringa powder (20 g/d) in corn porridge (the moringa group) or corn porridge alone (the control group) for 3 mo. Milk and maternal/infant blood were collected and 24-h expressed milk volume evaluated at baseline and 3 mo. Maternal and infant anthropometrics were measured monthly. Milk lipid and protein concentrations and maternal and/or infant serum retinol-binding protein, ferritin/soluble transferrin receptor, and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 concentrations were measured.

Results

Nearly, all dyads (n = 45, 90%) completed the study. Baseline characteristics were similar between groups. At 3 mo, mothers in the moringa group (mean: 947 mL; 95% CI: 794, 1113 mL) expressed twice as much milk as controls (mean: 618 mL; 95% CI: 486, 763 mL; P = 0.003). Infant serum IGF-1 concentration was greater in the moringa group (mean: 25.2 ng/mL; 95% CI: 21.0, 29.5 ng/mL) than that in the control group (mean: 17.8 ng/mL; 95% CI: 13.6, 22.0 ng/mL; P = 0.017). There was no effect of moringa on total milk lipid and protein concentrations, fatty acids, or infant growth.

Conclusions

In this population, 3 mo of maternal moringa consumption was associated with increased expressed milk output and higher circulating infant IGF-1 without impacting infant growth. Additional studies are needed to understand the mechanisms driving these effects and their influence on long-term health.

This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT04587271 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04587271).

与其他喂养方法相比，母乳喂养可以提高婴儿的健康和存活率，但由于感觉到或真正的母乳供应不足，经常会出现过早停止母乳喂养的情况。辣木叶营养丰富，可以增加产奶量。目的探讨产妇添加辣木干叶粉（辣木）对乳汁成分和产奶量以及母婴健康的影响。方法对生活在肯尼亚Kisumu县的母乳喂养的母婴（n = 50）按地点分组随机，在玉米粥中食用辣木粉（20 g/d）（辣木组）或单独食用玉米粥（对照组）3个月。收集乳汁和母婴血液，并在基线和3个月时评估24小时表达的奶量。每月测量母婴人体测量值。测定乳脂和蛋白浓度以及母婴血清视黄醇结合蛋白、铁蛋白/可溶性转铁蛋白受体和胰岛素样生长因子(IGF)-1浓度。结果几乎所有的二人组（n = 45,90%）完成了研究。各组间基线特征相似。在3个月时，辣木组的母亲（平均：947 mL； 95% CI: 794,1113 mL）分泌的乳汁是对照组的两倍（平均：618 mL； 95% CI: 486,763 mL; P = 0.003）。辣木组婴儿血清IGF-1浓度（平均值：25.2 ng/mL; 95% CI: 21.0, 29.5 ng/mL）高于对照组（平均值：17.8 ng/mL; 95% CI: 13.6, 22.0 ng/mL; P = 0.017）。辣木对总乳脂和蛋白质浓度、脂肪酸或婴儿生长没有影响。结论：在该人群中，母亲食用辣木3个月与增加的乳汁分泌量和更高的循环婴儿IGF-1有关，而不影响婴儿的生长。需要进一步的研究来了解驱动这些效应的机制及其对长期健康的影响。该试验已在clinicaltrials.gov注册为NCT04587271 （https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04587271）。

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引用次数: 0

Azolla spp and Hermetia illucens Meals as Main Protein Sources for Rabbit Nutrition: Impact on Feed Quality, Growth Performance, and Meat Quality 作为家兔营养主要蛋白质来源的杜鹃花和黄颡鱼粕：对饲料品质、生长性能和肉品质的影响

IF 3.2 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Current Developments in Nutrition

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107595

Eyitayo Azaratou Ogbon , Arnette Balè , Carline Santos , Louckman Monra Seïdou , Daniel Dzepe , Justin G Behanzin , Rousseau Djouaka

Background

Good-quality feed is essential for successful livestock production and for ensuring the distribution of high-quality, safe animal products.

Objectives

This study evaluated the impact of using Azolla and black soldier fly (BSF) larvae meals as the main protein ingredients in formulated rabbit feed on the quality of the feed and the meat produced.

Methods

Three isocaloric diets were formulated: Az_diet (Azolla meal as the main protein source), BSF_diet (BSF larvae meal as the main protein source), and SM_diet (soybean meal as the main protein source). A palatability test was carried out on 5 feeds: Az_diet, BSF_diet, SM_diet, live BSF larvae, and fresh Azolla leaves. These feeds were offered to 5 rabbits (aged 12 wk) for 10 d in a free-choice test. The growth test was carried out on 36 rabbits aged 5–6 wk. The rabbits were divided into 3 groups of 12 and fed 1 of the 3 diets (Az_diet, BSF_diet, or SM_diet) ad libitum for 42 d. The measured parameters were feed quality and health quality of rabbit meat.

Results

The result test showed that the SM_diet was the most palatable for the rabbits, representing 82.03% of the feed consumed during the free-choice feeding test. No mortality or significant differences in feed intake were recorded for the 3 treatments. The BSF_diet treatment resulted in significantly higher weight gain (1012.5 ± 170.13 g). The Az_diet had the highest protein digestibility (80.39 ± 2.08%). The nutritional composition of the hind leg meat of rabbits was similar for the 3 diets. No lead or cadmium was detected in the hind leg meat of rabbits fed the 3 diets.

Conclusions

In this study, using Azolla and BSF larvae meal as the main source of dietary protein did not negatively affect feed quality, rabbit growth, or rabbit meat quality.

高质量的饲料对于畜牧生产的成功和确保高质量、安全的动物产品的销售至关重要。目的研究以杜鹃和黑虻幼虫粕为主要蛋白质成分的配制兔饲料对饲料品质和肉品质的影响。方法配制3种等热量饲粮，分别为az_饲粮（红豆粕为主要蛋白质来源）、bsf_饲粮（红豆粕为主要蛋白质来源）和sm_饲粮（豆粕为主要蛋白质来源）。采用az_日粮、bsf_日粮、sm_日粮、BSF活幼虫和新鲜杜鹃叶5种饲料进行适口性试验。5只12周龄的家兔进行10 d的自由选择试验。生长试验选用6 ~ 6周龄家兔36只。将试验兔分为3组，每组12只，随机饲喂3种饲粮（az_日粮、bsf_日粮、sm_日粮）中的1种，饲喂42 d。测定的参数为饲料质量和兔肉卫生质量。结果试验结果表明，sm_饲粮对家兔的适口性最好，占自由选择饲粮试验时饲料消耗量的82.03%。3种处理均无死亡率，采食量无显著差异。BSF_diet组体重增加显著高于对照组（1012.5±170.13 g）。az_饲粮蛋白质消化率最高（80.39±2.08%）。3种饲粮中家兔后腿肉的营养成分相似。饲喂3种日粮的兔后腿肉中未检测到铅和镉。结论在本试验中，以冠状芽孢杆菌和白蛉幼虫饲料作为饲粮蛋白质的主要来源，对饲料品质、家兔生长和肉质均无负面影响。

{"title":"Azolla spp and Hermetia illucens Meals as Main Protein Sources for Rabbit Nutrition: Impact on Feed Quality, Growth Performance, and Meat Quality","authors":"Eyitayo Azaratou Ogbon , Arnette Balè , Carline Santos , Louckman Monra Seïdou , Daniel Dzepe , Justin G Behanzin , Rousseau Djouaka","doi":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107595","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107595","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Good-quality feed is essential for successful livestock production and for ensuring the distribution of high-quality, safe animal products.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study evaluated the impact of using Azolla and black soldier fly (BSF) larvae meals as the main protein ingredients in formulated rabbit feed on the quality of the feed and the meat produced.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Three isocaloric diets were formulated: Az_diet (Azolla meal as the main protein source), BSF_diet (BSF larvae meal as the main protein source), and SM_diet (soybean meal as the main protein source). A palatability test was carried out on 5 feeds: Az_diet, BSF_diet, SM_diet, live BSF larvae, and fresh Azolla leaves. These feeds were offered to 5 rabbits (aged 12 wk) for 10 d in a free-choice test. The growth test was carried out on 36 rabbits aged 5–6 wk. The rabbits were divided into 3 groups of 12 and fed 1 of the 3 diets (Az_diet, BSF_diet, or SM_diet) ad libitum for 42 d. The measured parameters were feed quality and health quality of rabbit meat.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The result test showed that the SM_diet was the most palatable for the rabbits, representing 82.03% of the feed consumed during the free-choice feeding test. No mortality or significant differences in feed intake were recorded for the 3 treatments. The BSF_diet treatment resulted in significantly higher weight gain (1012.5 ± 170.13 g). The Az_diet had the highest protein digestibility (80.39 ± 2.08%). The nutritional composition of the hind leg meat of rabbits was similar for the 3 diets. No lead or cadmium was detected in the hind leg meat of rabbits fed the 3 diets.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In this study, using Azolla and BSF larvae meal as the main source of dietary protein did not negatively affect feed quality, rabbit growth, or rabbit meat quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10756,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Nutrition","volume":"9 11","pages":"Article 107595"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145576449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development, Reproducibility, and Validity of a Semiquantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire for Use among the Adult Population in Reunion Island 在留尼旺岛成人人群中使用的半定量食物频率问卷的开发、可重复性和有效性

IF 3.2 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Current Developments in Nutrition

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107571

Eric O. Verger , Sabrina Eymard-Duvernay , Sarah Amiri , Noah Nourly , Magali Tarnus , Julie Gauvreau-Béziat , Laure Du Chaffaut , Marine Oseredczuk , Benjamin Allès , Caroline Méjean

Background

To date, there is no specific food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to assess dietary habits in any of the French overseas regions.

Objectives

This study aimed to describe the development of a culture and context-specific semiquantitative FFQ for use among the adult population in Reunion Island, to assess its reproducibility and its relative validity compared with 24-h dietary recalls (DRs).

Methods

The CARI (observatoire des Comportements Alimentaires à la RéunIon) FFQ was adapted from the NutriNet-Santé FFQ, with a revised list of 181 food and beverage items reflecting local dietary practices and nutritional concerns. To assess its reproducibility, the FFQ was administered twice, 4 wk apart, to a purposive sample of 108 adults in Reunion Island. During the same period, participants also completed a weekly DR to evaluate the FFQ’s validity. Reproducibility and validity were assessed for 18 food groups, energy, and 38 nutrients using correlations, cross-classification, and weighted κ.

Results

Regarding reproducibility, we found a median rank correlation of 0.56 (nutrients) and 0.64 (food groups). Most participants were correctly classified with a median of 78% (nutrients) and 83% (food group), whereas gross misclassification was low (2.8% and 0.9%, respectively). We found a median weighted κ of 0.44 (nutrients) and 0.47 (food groups). Regarding validity, we found a median crude rank correlation of 0.51 (nutrients) and 0.43 (food groups). Most participants were correctly classified with a median agreement of 71% for nutrients and of 68% for food groups, whereas gross misclassification was low (1.9% and 0.9%, respectively). We found a median weighted κ of 0.32 (nutrients) and 0.27 (food groups).

Conclusions

The CARI FFQ has a moderate to good level of validity for ranking food and nutrient intakes, and a good level of reproducibility, supporting its use for dietary assessment in Reunion Island.

到目前为止，还没有专门的食物频率问卷（FFQ）来评估任何法国海外地区的饮食习惯。本研究旨在描述在留尼旺岛成年人群中使用的文化和情境特异性半定量FFQ的发展，以评估其可重复性及其与24小时饮食回忆（dr）相比的相对有效性。方法CARI (observatoire des Comportements Alimentaires la runion) FFQ改编自nutrinet - sant FFQ，其中修订了181种食品和饮料清单，反映了当地的饮食习惯和营养问题。为了评估其重复性，对留尼旺岛108名成年人进行了两次FFQ，间隔4周。在同一时期，参与者还完成了每周一次的DR来评估FFQ的有效性。采用相关性、交叉分类和加权κ来评估18种食物组、能量和38种营养素的再现性和有效性。结果在可重复性方面，我们发现中位秩相关系数（营养成分组）为0.56,（食物组）为0.64。大多数参与者正确分类的中位数为78%（营养）和83%（食物组），而总体分类错误的比例较低（分别为2.8%和0.9%）。我们发现中位加权κ为0.44（营养成分）和0.47（食物组）。在效度方面，我们发现中位粗秩相关系数为0.51（营养成分）和0.43（食物组）。大多数参与者被正确分类，对营养成分和食物分类的中位数一致性为71%和68%，而总体分类错误较低（分别为1.9%和0.9%）。我们发现中位加权κ为0.32（营养成分）和0.27（食物组）。结论CARI FFQ对食物和营养摄入排序具有中等至良好的效度，并具有良好的可重复性，支持将其用于留尼旺岛的膳食评估。

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引用次数: 0

Added Sugar Sources and Their Impact on Diet Quality and Nutrient Intakes: An Analysis Across Added Sugar Intake Levels in United States Children and Adults 添加糖来源及其对饮食质量和营养摄入的影响：美国儿童和成人添加糖摄入水平的分析

IF 3.2 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Current Developments in Nutrition

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107566

Michelle Tucker , Bibiana Garcia-Jackson , Victor L Fulgoni III

Background

Added sugars (AS) are considered free sugars that are added to foods, and the Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2020‒2025 recommend limiting their intake to <10% calories.

Objectives

To evaluate diet quality and nutrient adequacy at increasing AS intake levels.

Methods

Two-day 24-h dietary recall data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011–2018 were used for intake assessment, and AS intake categories were defined as <10%, 10–15% and >15% of calories from AS.

Results

About one-third of the children were in each AS intake category, although nearly half of the adult population was in the <10% calories from AS category, and the mean AS intake was 13.4% calories in children and 12.2% calories in adults. With increasing AS calories, diet quality (Healthy Eating Index 2020 scores), and intakes and adequacies for nutrients of public health concern (calcium, vitamin D, fiber, and potassium), and numerous other nutrients decreased among both children and adults. “Soft drinks,” “fruit drinks,” “tea,” “cookies and brownies,” “cakes and pies,” “ice creams and frozen dairy desserts,” and “candies” were consistently among the top 10 sources of AS for both children and adults. The top 10 sources of AS contributed ∼70% of AS in the diets of children and adults, but only 8‒11% and 2‒7% of daily intakes of nutrients of public health concern, respectively. Ready-to-eat cereals were the fourth and the ninth sources of AS and provided 6.1% and 3.1% AS, and 2.7‒9.9% and 1.5‒6.4% nutrients of public health concern in the diet. With increasing AS calories, the contribution of “soft drinks,” “fruit drinks,” and “tea” to AS increased, whereas the contribution of ready-to-eat cereals to AS decreased in both children and adults, respectively.

Conclusions

Higher AS intakes were associated with lower diet quality, lower nutrient intakes, and lower nutrient adequacy in both children and adults; however, recommendations to reduce AS should focus on reducing AS from non-nutrient-dense sources, while recognizing the nutrient contributions of nutrient-dense foods and beverages containing AS. These findings can provide useful insights for policy and regulatory development related to nutrition and public health.

添加糖（AS）被认为是添加到食物中的游离糖，《2020-2025年美国人膳食指南》建议将其摄入量限制在10%的卡路里。目的评价增加AS摄入量时的膳食质量和营养充足性。方法采用2011-2018年全国健康与营养检查调查（National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey）的2天24小时膳食回顾数据进行摄入评估，将AS摄入类别定义为10%、10% - 15%和15%的热量来自AS。结果约有三分之一的儿童处于每一种AS摄入类别中，尽管近一半的成年人的卡路里摄入量为10%，儿童和成人的平均AS摄入量分别为13.4%和12.2%。随着卡路里的增加，饮食质量（2020年健康饮食指数得分）、公共卫生关注的营养素（钙、维生素D、纤维和钾）的摄入量和充足度以及许多其他营养素在儿童和成人中都有所下降。“软饮料”、“果汁饮料”、“茶”、“饼干和布朗尼蛋糕”、“蛋糕和馅饼”、“冰淇淋和冷冻乳制品甜点”以及“糖果”一直是儿童和成人的前十大AS来源。在儿童和成人的饮食中，前十大AS来源占AS的约70%，但仅分别占公共卫生关注的营养素每日摄入量的8-11%和2-7%。即食谷物是第四大和第九大AS来源，分别提供6.1%和3.1%的AS，以及2.7-9.9%和1.5-6.4%的公共卫生关注营养素。随着AS卡路里的增加，“软饮料”、“果汁饮料”和“茶”对AS的贡献增加，而即食谷物对AS的贡献分别在儿童和成人中减少。结论儿童和成人高AS摄取量与饮食质量、营养摄取量和营养充足度降低有关；然而，减少AS的建议应侧重于减少来自非营养密集来源的AS，同时认识到含有AS的营养密集食品和饮料的营养贡献。这些发现可以为营养和公共卫生相关的政策和监管发展提供有用的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Network-Based Multiomic Nutrient-Associated Predictive Models for Inflammatory Bowel Disease 炎症性肠病基于网络的多组营养相关预测模型

IF 3.2 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Current Developments in Nutrition

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107567

Martine Saint-Cyr , Evaniya Shakya , Janet C Siebert , Emily B Hill , Nancy F Krebs , Edwin deZoeten , Sarah J Borengasser

Background

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a multifactorial disease involving a complex interplay between host physiology, the gut microbiome, and environmental factors such as diet and nutrition. Multiomic analyses may help to identify potential nutrient-associated omic predictors of IBD, allowing for the design of targeted dietary approaches for disease prevention and management.

Objectives

Our objective was to apply the bioinformatics tool, Consolidated Analysis of Network Topology and Regression Elements (CANTARE), to an integrated multiomics dataset to generate nutrient-associated predictive models for IBD.

Methods

We previously used a published data set of microbiome relative abundance (mb), untargeted metabolomics (met), and microbial-derived enzymes (e) in stool samples from 153 adults (IBD = 111, healthy control = 42) to build a network of cross-omic relationships that differed by IBD status. We now revisit this network to identify diet-associated predictive models of IBD using linear regression via the CANTARE workflow.

Results

The network included 20 literature-supported nutrient-associated predictors across 3 subnetworks. We created 1 predictive model from each subnetwork. These models (M1, M2, and M3) contained 3, 4, and 11 predictors, respectively. Model performance was high, with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.87, 0.90, and 0.95 and pseudo-R² of 0.42, 0.55, and 0.71 (all permutation P values < 0.001) for M1, M2, and M3, respectively. Some metabolites, such as histamine, were associated with greater odds of IBD, whereas others, such as ascorbate (vitamin C), pyridoxamine (vitamin B6), and choline, were associated with lower odds of IBD.

Conclusions

CANTARE provides an unbiased and comprehensive strategy that can integrate multiple omics to identify potential nutrient-associated predictors of IBD. Our models support the generation of hypotheses for follow-up targeted investigation in future dietary interventions for the management of IBD.

背景：炎症性肠病（IBD）是一种多因素疾病，涉及宿主生理、肠道微生物组和环境因素（如饮食和营养）之间复杂的相互作用。多组学分析可能有助于确定IBD的潜在营养相关组学预测因子，从而设计有针对性的饮食方法来预防和管理疾病。我们的目标是将生物信息学工具CANTARE （Consolidated Analysis of Network Topology and Regression Elements）应用于集成的多组学数据集，以生成IBD的营养相关预测模型。方法我们之前使用了153名成人（IBD = 111，健康对照= 42）粪便样本中已发表的微生物组相对丰度（mb）、非靶向代谢组学（met）和微生物衍生酶(e)数据集，以建立IBD状态不同的交叉组学关系网络。我们现在重新审视这个网络，通过canare工作流程使用线性回归来确定与饮食相关的IBD预测模型。结果该网络包括3个子网络中20个文献支持的营养相关预测因子。我们从每个子网创建了一个预测模型。这些模型（M1、M2和M3）分别包含3、4和11个预测因子。模型性能高，M1、M2和M3的受试者工作特征曲线下面积分别为0.87、0.90和0.95，伪r2分别为0.42、0.55和0.71（所有排列P值<； 0.001）。一些代谢物，如组胺，与IBD的几率较高有关，而其他代谢物，如抗坏血酸（维生素C）、吡哆胺（维生素B6）和胆碱，与IBD的几率较低有关。结论：scantare提供了一个公正和全面的策略，可以整合多个组学来识别IBD的潜在营养相关预测因子。我们的模型支持对未来IBD管理饮食干预的后续有针对性调查的假设。

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