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IF 3.8 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/S2475-2991(24)02339-4
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引用次数: 0
Effects of d-alanine Intake on Amino Acid Metabolism and Kidney Function in Healthy Adults: A Multicenter, Randomized Pilot Study 摄入 d- 丙氨酸对健康成年人氨基酸代谢和肾功能的影响:一项多中心随机试验研究
IF 3.8 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.103787
Megumi Oshima , Tadashi Toyama , Tatsuhiko Toyama , Yusuke Nakade , Toshiaki Tokumaru , Keisuke Sako , Sho Kajikawa , Daiki Hayashi , Hajime Sanada , Takahiro Yuasa , Akihiko Koshino , Keisuke Horikoshi , Taichiro Minami , Shunsuke Tsuge , Akira Tamai , Shiori Nakagawa , Ryo Nishioka , Takeshi Zoshima , Kiyoaki Ito , Shinji Kitajima , Takashi Wada

Background

d-alanine administration prevented kidney damage in a murine acute kidney injury model. Further data are needed on the influence of d-alanine on kidney function in humans.

Objective

This study investigated the effects of d-alanine intake on amino acid metabolism and kidney function in healthy volunteers.

Methods

This multicenter pilot study randomly assigned individuals from the general Japanese population to receive 3 g or 6 g of d-alanine intake per day for 7 d in a 1:1 ratio. The primary endpoint was the mean change in plasma and urine d-alanine levels from baseline to 7 d after intake. The secondary endpoints were mean changes in kidney function and other clinical factors. Safety was assessed by evaluating adverse events and clinical parameters.

Results

We randomly assigned 24 participants to the 3-g (n = 12) and 6-g d-alanine (n = 12) groups. The mean baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was 73 mL/min/1.73 m2. The mean plasma d-alanine concentration increased from baseline by 77.5 ± 34.3 and 192.1 ± 80.9 nmol/mL in the 3-g and 6-g d-alanine groups (both p < 0.0001), respectively, in a dose-dependent manner (between-group difference: 114.6 nmol/mL; 95% CI: 62.1–167.2; P = 0.0002). A similar increase was observed for the urine d-alanine to creatinine ratio. The mean eGFR was elevated by 5.7 ± 8.8 mL/min/1.73 m2 in the 6-g d-alanine group (P = 0.045) but did not significantly change in the 3-g d-alanine group. Nonserious adverse events were reported in 11 participants.

Conclusions

d-alanine intake increased plasma and urine d-alanine levels and was well tolerated in participants with normal kidney function. These results will be useful in future trials investigating the effects of d-alanine intake on kidney disease progression in patients with chronic kidney disease.

This trial was registered at the UMIN Clinical Trials Registry as UMIN000051466.

背景 d-丙氨酸能预防小鼠急性肾损伤模型中的肾损伤。本研究调查了摄入 d-alanine 对健康志愿者体内氨基酸代谢和肾功能的影响。方法这项多中心试验性研究从日本普通人群中随机分配,以 1:1 的比例每天摄入 3 克或 6 克 d-alanine,持续 7 天。主要终点是血浆和尿液中 d-丙氨酸水平从基线到摄入 7 天后的平均变化。次要终点是肾功能和其他临床因素的平均变化。通过评估不良事件和临床参数来评估安全性。结果我们将 24 名参与者随机分配到 3 克 d-丙氨酸组(12 人)和 6 克 d-丙氨酸组(12 人)。平均基线肾小球滤过率(eGFR)为 73 mL/min/1.73 m2。3 g 和 6 g d-alanine 组的平均血浆 d-alanine 浓度较基线分别增加了 77.5 ± 34.3 和 192.1 ± 80.9 nmol/mL(P 均为 0.0001),且呈剂量依赖性(组间差异:114.6 nmol/mL;95% CI:62.1-167.2;P = 0.0002)。尿液中 d-丙氨酸与肌酐的比值也出现了类似的升高。6 克 d-alanine 组的平均 eGFR 升高了 5.7 ± 8.8 mL/min/1.73 m2(P = 0.045),但 3 克 d-alanine 组的 eGFR 变化不大。结论 d-丙氨酸摄入可提高血浆和尿液中 d-丙氨酸的水平,肾功能正常的参与者对其耐受性良好。这些结果将有助于今后研究摄入 d-alanine 对慢性肾病患者肾病进展影响的试验。该试验在 UMIN 临床试验登记处登记为 UMIN000051466。
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引用次数: 0
Modeling the Contribution of Multiple Micronutrient Fortification of Salt to Daily Nutrient Intake Among the Ethiopian Population 模拟多种微量营养素强化盐对埃塞俄比亚人口每日营养素摄入量的贡献
IF 3.8 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.103794
Semira Mitiku Saje , Dawd Gashu , Edward JM Joy , Katherine P Adams , Tibebu Moges , Masresha Tesemma , E Louise Ander

Background

Salt is an affordable commodity and has wide coverage regardless of economic and social status and, hence, could be suitable vehicle for multiple micronutrient fortification.

Objectives

This study aimed to simulate the contribution folic acid and zinc fortification of iodized salt to nutrient intake among the Ethiopian population.

Methods

The 2013 Ethiopian National Food Consumption Survey and various food composition tables were used to estimate baseline individual-level micronutrient intake. Usual intake was estimated using the Simulating Intake of Micronutrients for Policy Learning and Engagement macro tool. Discretionary salt consumption was calculated from total salt intake estimated using urinary sodium excretion. Fortificant addition rates were set to obtain maximum nutrient intake while simultaneously constraining that population with intake above the tolerable upper intake level to <5%. Addis Ababa and Somali (N = 2271), the regions with relatively the lowest and highest micronutrient deficiency prevalence in Ethiopia, were selected.

Result

Baseline median intake of Zn was below the estimated average requirement for all demographic groups. Inadequate Zn intake ranged from 73% to 99%, the highest prevalence being observed among women in lower class of wealth quintiles from Somali region. Dietary folate inadequacy was as low as 2% among men in Addis Ababa but almost all (99%) women from Somali region had inadequate folate intake. Calculated discretionary salt intake was 7.5 g/d for adult men and women and 3.4 g/d for children. With addition 0.8 mg Zn and 30 μg of folic acid per gram of salt, multiple salt fortification is estimated to reduce Zn inadequacy by 38 percentage points in urban areas and19 percentage points in rural areas. Modeled reduction in folate inadequacy were 18% in urban areas and 22% in rural areas.

Conclusions

Multiple salt fortification could be an effective approach to address micronutrient adequacy in Ethiopia given efficacious, technological, and economical feasibility.

背景食盐是一种经济实惠的商品,覆盖面广,不受经济和社会地位的影响,因此可以作为多种微量营养素强化的合适载体。本研究旨在模拟叶酸和锌强化碘盐对埃塞俄比亚人口营养素摄入量的贡献。使用 "模拟微量营养素摄入量,促进政策学习和参与 "宏观工具估算通常摄入量。根据尿钠排泄量估算出的总摄盐量计算出任意盐摄入量。为获得最大营养素摄入量,同时将摄入量高于可容忍摄入上限的人群限制在 5%以内,设定了营养素添加率。亚的斯亚贝巴和索马里(N = 2271)是埃塞俄比亚微量营养素缺乏率相对最低和最高的地区。锌摄入量不足的比例从 73% 到 99%不等,索马里地区财富五等分层中较低阶层妇女的锌摄入量不足率最高。亚的斯亚贝巴男性膳食叶酸摄入不足率低至 2%,但索马里地区几乎所有(99%)女性叶酸摄入不足。经计算,成年男性和女性的可支配盐摄入量为 7.5 克/天,儿童为 3.4 克/天。如果每克盐中添加 0.8 毫克锌和 30 微克叶酸,多种盐强化剂估计可将城市地区的锌摄入不足率降低 38 个百分点,将农村地区的锌摄入不足率降低 19 个百分点。结论在埃塞俄比亚,鉴于其有效性、技术性和经济可行性,强化多种食盐可能是解决微量营养素不足问题的有效方法。
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引用次数: 0
The Effects of Fresh Mango Consumption on Fasting Blood Glucose and Body Mass Index in Older Adults With Prediabetes 食用新鲜芒果对糖尿病前期老年人空腹血糖和体重指数的影响
IF 3.8 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.102189
Kallie Dawkins , Saiful Singar , Pablo Perez , Sabrina Zheng , Raedeh Basiri , Bahram Arjmandi
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引用次数: 0
Intestinal Sphingolipid Disruption May Precede Age-Related Lipid Malabsorption 肠道鞘氨醇脂质紊乱可能先于与年龄相关的脂质吸收不良
IF 3.8 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.102229
Sari M Gluck , Maria Elisa Caetano-Silva , Akriti Shrestha , Michael Kiebish , Jacob M Allen , Diego Hernandez-Saavedra
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引用次数: 0
Vitamin A Absorption From Bouillon Fortified With Novel and Commercially Available Dry Vitamin A Formulations in Adult Women: Protocol for a Randomized Crossover Study 成年女性从添加了新型和市售维生素 A 干制剂的肉汤中吸收维生素 A 的情况:随机交叉研究方案
IF 3.8 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.102247
Bryan M Gannon , Sam Brady , Don Chickering , Luke Funk , Chisela Kaliwile , Justin Chileshe , Sherry Tanumihardjo
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引用次数: 0
Effect of Randomized Multivitamin and Cocoa Extract Supplementation on Serum Carotenoids and Vitamin E in the COSMOS Trial COSMOS 试验中随机补充多种维生素和可可提取物对血清类胡萝卜素和维生素 E 的影响
IF 3.8 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.102245
Cami N Christopher , John W Erdman , Eunjung Kim , Molly Black , Pamela M Rist , JoAnn E Manson , Howard D Sesso
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引用次数: 0
A Standardized Boswellia serrata Gum Extract Promotes Chondroprotection and Improves Knee Pain, Function, and Inflammation in Adults With Mild to Moderate Osteoarthritis 标准化乳香树胶提取物可促进软骨保护,改善轻度至中度骨关节炎成人的膝关节疼痛、功能和炎症状况
IF 3.8 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.102213
Jennifer L Murphy , Dawna Salter , Dinesh Aurora , Raghu R Somepalli , Kumar Brijesh
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引用次数: 0
Comparison of Malnutrition Assessment Tools for Identification of Malnutrition in Community-Dwelling Older Adults With Dementia 比较各种营养不良评估工具,以识别居住在社区的老年痴呆症患者的营养不良状况
IF 3.8 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.102222
Austin M Sullivan , Heather M Gibbs
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引用次数: 0
Characterizing the Changes in Cholesterol Ester Lipid Species During Periods of Inactivity in Middle-Aged and Older Adults 中老年人不活动期间胆固醇酯类脂质变化的特点
IF 3.8 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.102178
Emily Arentson-Lantz , Trevor Romsdahl , Jennifer J Linares , William Russell , Doug Paddon-Jones
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Current Developments in Nutrition
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