Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.5958/0976-4763.2014.00002.6
S. Poojary, C. V. Rao, H. V. Kamath
Fossil fuels are depleting at a faster rate and these sources will vanish by the end of this century. There is an urgent need for alternative fuel source to replace fossil fuel and to further prevent environmental damage by fossil fuel. Biodiesel obtained from esterification of non-edible oils or waste oils or Bioethanol produced from surplus agricultural and lignocellulosic residues blended with diesel or petrol have contributed immensely to reduce fossil fuel consumption and have also contributed towards reduction of noxious gases emission into the environment. The feedstock used for biofuel production should be available in surplus, economical and most preferably should not be of food quality. There are many tree species bearing seeds or fruits with limited applications in coastal India. Of these, Borassus flabellifer a palm tree that bears the fruits annually in bunch of 25–40 fruits per bunch and a well grown tree would bear 8 to 10 such bunches. In the present investigation the fruits of Borassus flabellifer are being evaluated for duel biofuel production, i.e., bioethanol and biodiesel. Even though there is a technical difficulty in extricating the copra of the fruit for biodiesel production, the juice and lignocellulosic fibres obtained from the fruit cover and wet kernel were found to be a promising feedstock for bioethanol production. The feasibility of the feedstock for biofuel production is discussed in this study.
{"title":"Biofuel Production from Borassus Flabellifer","authors":"S. Poojary, C. V. Rao, H. V. Kamath","doi":"10.5958/0976-4763.2014.00002.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/0976-4763.2014.00002.6","url":null,"abstract":"Fossil fuels are depleting at a faster rate and these sources will vanish by the end of this century. There is an urgent need for alternative fuel source to replace fossil fuel and to further prevent environmental damage by fossil fuel. Biodiesel obtained from esterification of non-edible oils or waste oils or Bioethanol produced from surplus agricultural and lignocellulosic residues blended with diesel or petrol have contributed immensely to reduce fossil fuel consumption and have also contributed towards reduction of noxious gases emission into the environment. The feedstock used for biofuel production should be available in surplus, economical and most preferably should not be of food quality. There are many tree species bearing seeds or fruits with limited applications in coastal India. Of these, Borassus flabellifer a palm tree that bears the fruits annually in bunch of 25–40 fruits per bunch and a well grown tree would bear 8 to 10 such bunches. In the present investigation the fruits of Borassus flabellifer are being evaluated for duel biofuel production, i.e., bioethanol and biodiesel. Even though there is a technical difficulty in extricating the copra of the fruit for biodiesel production, the juice and lignocellulosic fibres obtained from the fruit cover and wet kernel were found to be a promising feedstock for bioethanol production. The feasibility of the feedstock for biofuel production is discussed in this study.","PeriodicalId":107641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biofuels","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115475724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.5958/0976-4763.2022.00004.6
Md. Nasir Hussain, Pal Singh
{"title":"Performance and emission analysis of diesel-fired boiler using biodiesel made from waste cooking oil","authors":"Md. Nasir Hussain, Pal Singh","doi":"10.5958/0976-4763.2022.00004.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/0976-4763.2022.00004.6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":107641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biofuels","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128314959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.5958/J.0976-3015.3.1.004
A. Singla, S. Paroda, S. Dhamija, S. Goyal, K. Shekhawat, S. Amachi, K. Inubushi
Agricultural, industrial and urban residues are the best alternative source for bioethanol production. Technology for efficient utilization of lignocelluloses wastes relies on utilization of both the cellulosic as well as hemicellulosic portions of the biomass. After hydrolysis, glucose and xylose are produced from cellulose and hemicellulose as the major sugar in the hydrolysate, respectively. Xylose is the second most abundant sugar present in the plant biomass. Utilization of xylose along with glucose is required for industrial prospective. Although yeasts are more resistant to ethanol than bacteria, low ethanol tolerance of xylose-fermenting yeasts is a main limiting factor for industrial ethanol production. Metabolic engineering has so far unsuccessful to provide satisfactory results, and one of the major reasons is the lack of consideration of various environmental factors which play critical role during xylose fermentation. This review paper focuses on various environmental factors along with the metabolic engineering of xylose-fermenting yeasts to improve ethanol production from xylose.
{"title":"Bioethanol Production from Xylose: Problems and Possibilities","authors":"A. Singla, S. Paroda, S. Dhamija, S. Goyal, K. Shekhawat, S. Amachi, K. Inubushi","doi":"10.5958/J.0976-3015.3.1.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/J.0976-3015.3.1.004","url":null,"abstract":"Agricultural, industrial and urban residues are the best alternative source for bioethanol production. Technology for efficient utilization of lignocelluloses wastes relies on utilization of both the cellulosic as well as hemicellulosic portions of the biomass. After hydrolysis, glucose and xylose are produced from cellulose and hemicellulose as the major sugar in the hydrolysate, respectively. Xylose is the second most abundant sugar present in the plant biomass. Utilization of xylose along with glucose is required for industrial prospective. Although yeasts are more resistant to ethanol than bacteria, low ethanol tolerance of xylose-fermenting yeasts is a main limiting factor for industrial ethanol production. Metabolic engineering has so far unsuccessful to provide satisfactory results, and one of the major reasons is the lack of consideration of various environmental factors which play critical role during xylose fermentation. This review paper focuses on various environmental factors along with the metabolic engineering of xylose-fermenting yeasts to improve ethanol production from xylose.","PeriodicalId":107641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biofuels","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117128939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.5958/J.0976-3015.1.1.017
T. Ganapathy, R. Balasubramanian, R. Gakkhar, K. Murugesan
The diesel engine injection system parameters apart from the operating parameters such as load and speed significantly affect its performance and exhaust emissions. The effect is even adverse sometimes when the engine is tried with some alternative fuels, such as Jatropha biodiesel due to its physico-chemical properties. For better performance and to meet out stringent emission norms, these parameters have to be optimized. An experimental investigation and analysis carried out to simultaneously optimize injection system parameters and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) levels of small direct injection diesel engine for lower fuel consumption and higher thermal efficiency and peak cylinder pressure is presented in this paper. During the experiments, the different parameters such as fuel type, injection timing, injector opening pressure, nozzle configuration, nozzle tip protrusion, percentage of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), load torque and speed were changed. Taguchi's signal-to-noise ratio approach was applied to obtain an optimal setting of these parameters. From the experimental results and further analysis it is concluded that under 95% confidence interval the injection timing 340°CA, injector opening pressure 250 bar, nozzle configuration 5x0.18, EGR 0%, load torque 15Nm, speed 1800rpm with Jatropha biodiesel, gave the maximum peak cylinder pressure, while the lowest BSFC with diesel fuel was obtained with nozzle configuration 4x0.18, load torque 15Nm and speed 1800rpm and the highest brake thermal efficiency with nozzle configuration 4x0.18, tip protrusion 2mm, load torque 15Nm and speed 1800rpm. However, the significant control parameters responsible for brake thermal efficiency with their percentage contribution were load torque (79.13%), speed (17.54%), nozzle configuration (1.33%) and tip protrusion (0.96%).
{"title":"Optimization of Injection System Parameters and EGR on Jatropha Biodiesel Engine using Taguchi Approach","authors":"T. Ganapathy, R. Balasubramanian, R. Gakkhar, K. Murugesan","doi":"10.5958/J.0976-3015.1.1.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/J.0976-3015.1.1.017","url":null,"abstract":"The diesel engine injection system parameters apart from the operating parameters such as load and speed significantly affect its performance and exhaust emissions. The effect is even adverse sometimes when the engine is tried with some alternative fuels, such as Jatropha biodiesel due to its physico-chemical properties. For better performance and to meet out stringent emission norms, these parameters have to be optimized. An experimental investigation and analysis carried out to simultaneously optimize injection system parameters and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) levels of small direct injection diesel engine for lower fuel consumption and higher thermal efficiency and peak cylinder pressure is presented in this paper. During the experiments, the different parameters such as fuel type, injection timing, injector opening pressure, nozzle configuration, nozzle tip protrusion, percentage of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), load torque and speed were changed. Taguchi's signal-to-noise ratio approach was applied to obtain an optimal setting of these parameters. From the experimental results and further analysis it is concluded that under 95% confidence interval the injection timing 340°CA, injector opening pressure 250 bar, nozzle configuration 5x0.18, EGR 0%, load torque 15Nm, speed 1800rpm with Jatropha biodiesel, gave the maximum peak cylinder pressure, while the lowest BSFC with diesel fuel was obtained with nozzle configuration 4x0.18, load torque 15Nm and speed 1800rpm and the highest brake thermal efficiency with nozzle configuration 4x0.18, tip protrusion 2mm, load torque 15Nm and speed 1800rpm. However, the significant control parameters responsible for brake thermal efficiency with their percentage contribution were load torque (79.13%), speed (17.54%), nozzle configuration (1.33%) and tip protrusion (0.96%).","PeriodicalId":107641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biofuels","volume":"162 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116211053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.5958/0976-4763.2022.00007.1
Mujtaba Ahmed, H. S. Pali, Mohsin Khan
{"title":"Bi-functional Catalyst Derived from Waste Biomass for the Sustainable Production of Biodiesel from Waste Cooking Oil","authors":"Mujtaba Ahmed, H. S. Pali, Mohsin Khan","doi":"10.5958/0976-4763.2022.00007.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/0976-4763.2022.00007.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":107641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biofuels","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126230922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.5958/0976-4763.2019.00003.5
V. S. Gnanambal, K. Swaminathan
A novel anaerobic batch fermentation seeded with immobilized sludge was developed for enhanced fermentative hydrogen production using pretreated sweet sorghum substrate as carbon source. Municipal sewage sludge was immobilized to produce hydrogen gas under anaerobic conditions. Cell immobilization was essentially achieved by gel entrapment approach. Hydrogen production was more efficient with the immobilized-cell system than with the free sludge. When the heat treated and acclimatized sludge's were immobilized, the cumulative hydrogen production enhanced. The batch fermentation was operated at a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 24 h and an influent substrate concentration of 10–40 g/L. With highest concentration of substrate, the acclimatized sludge produced 15.98 mL of H2/g of substrate. In all the treatments, maximum hydrogen yield was obtained at the substrate concentration of 40 g/L, inoculum volume of 10 g/L, at room temperature and HRT of 24 h. The immobilized beads retained 60% of their activity up to three cycles. The best fermentative hydrogen production performance was eventually dominated by presumably enhanced hydrogen-producing bacterial species identified as Escherichia coli.
{"title":"Fermentative Hydrogen Production and Bacterial Community Analysis of Immobilized Sewage Sludge","authors":"V. S. Gnanambal, K. Swaminathan","doi":"10.5958/0976-4763.2019.00003.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/0976-4763.2019.00003.5","url":null,"abstract":"A novel anaerobic batch fermentation seeded with immobilized sludge was developed for enhanced fermentative hydrogen production using pretreated sweet sorghum substrate as carbon source. Municipal sewage sludge was immobilized to produce hydrogen gas under anaerobic conditions. Cell immobilization was essentially achieved by gel entrapment approach. Hydrogen production was more efficient with the immobilized-cell system than with the free sludge. When the heat treated and acclimatized sludge's were immobilized, the cumulative hydrogen production enhanced. The batch fermentation was operated at a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 24 h and an influent substrate concentration of 10–40 g/L. With highest concentration of substrate, the acclimatized sludge produced 15.98 mL of H2/g of substrate. In all the treatments, maximum hydrogen yield was obtained at the substrate concentration of 40 g/L, inoculum volume of 10 g/L, at room temperature and HRT of 24 h. The immobilized beads retained 60% of their activity up to three cycles. The best fermentative hydrogen production performance was eventually dominated by presumably enhanced hydrogen-producing bacterial species identified as Escherichia coli.","PeriodicalId":107641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biofuels","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134527338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.5958/J.0976-3015.1.1.019
P. Mondal, U. D. Bhanagale, D. Tyagi
Diminishing world petroleum reserves and the impact of environmental pollution of increasing exhaust emissions have led to search for suitable alternative fuels. Scorching prices of petroleum based fuel (before global economic recession) and reduced biofuel cost due to advanced technological breakthrough, made biofuel competitive with conventional petro-fuel. India is fifth in the world in terms of primary energy consumption, accounting for 3.5% of world commercial energy demand. Rapid economic expansion will continue to drive up India's energy needs. India is projected to be the third in the world by 2025 in net oil import. It is a huge task to manage the energy security for meeting the aspirations of growing economy in India. The paper presents a comprehensive analysis of energy requirements in transport sector and the future projections. Paper further analyzes the role and the advantages of distributed energy based on Bio-fuels which may ensure India's energy security. Around 1% of the world's arable land, i.e., 14 million ha are used in 2005 for biofuel production. In 2030 the share is expected to rise to 2.5% and 3.8% for reference and alternative policy scenario, respectively. These projections are expected to evoke the famous ‘food-Vs-fuel’ debate more critically for developing countries like India with huge population load. Therefore it is the need of the time for integrated approach combining conventional bio-fuel with the next generation bio-fuel to provide a sustainable energy-food-environmental security for a country like India. Paper discusses in detail how and to what extent the conventional bio-fuel, and the second generation bio-fuel, lignocellulosic ethanol can help to arrive a balance between food and fuel requirements of growing Indian economy. The scientific analysis presented here, may serve as interesting basis for future energy policy formulation in this area.
{"title":"Cellulosic Ethanol and First Generation Bio-fuels: A Potential Solution for Energy Security of India","authors":"P. Mondal, U. D. Bhanagale, D. Tyagi","doi":"10.5958/J.0976-3015.1.1.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/J.0976-3015.1.1.019","url":null,"abstract":"Diminishing world petroleum reserves and the impact of environmental pollution of increasing exhaust emissions have led to search for suitable alternative fuels. Scorching prices of petroleum based fuel (before global economic recession) and reduced biofuel cost due to advanced technological breakthrough, made biofuel competitive with conventional petro-fuel. India is fifth in the world in terms of primary energy consumption, accounting for 3.5% of world commercial energy demand. Rapid economic expansion will continue to drive up India's energy needs. India is projected to be the third in the world by 2025 in net oil import. It is a huge task to manage the energy security for meeting the aspirations of growing economy in India. The paper presents a comprehensive analysis of energy requirements in transport sector and the future projections. Paper further analyzes the role and the advantages of distributed energy based on Bio-fuels which may ensure India's energy security. Around 1% of the world's arable land, i.e., 14 million ha are used in 2005 for biofuel production. In 2030 the share is expected to rise to 2.5% and 3.8% for reference and alternative policy scenario, respectively. These projections are expected to evoke the famous ‘food-Vs-fuel’ debate more critically for developing countries like India with huge population load. Therefore it is the need of the time for integrated approach combining conventional bio-fuel with the next generation bio-fuel to provide a sustainable energy-food-environmental security for a country like India. Paper discusses in detail how and to what extent the conventional bio-fuel, and the second generation bio-fuel, lignocellulosic ethanol can help to arrive a balance between food and fuel requirements of growing Indian economy. The scientific analysis presented here, may serve as interesting basis for future energy policy formulation in this area.","PeriodicalId":107641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biofuels","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133476995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.5958/0976-4763.2021.00001.5
M. Sharma, Rameshwar P. Sharma
{"title":"Technology and Management of Energy Management Systems for Energy Economy","authors":"M. Sharma, Rameshwar P. Sharma","doi":"10.5958/0976-4763.2021.00001.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/0976-4763.2021.00001.5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":107641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biofuels","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130946875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.5958/0976-4763.2022.00008.3
Amit Kumar, A. Singh, Mujtaba Ahmed, Pramod Kumar
{"title":"Effects of Different-sized Aluminium Oxide Nanoparticles on Diesel Engine Performance using Blends of Diesel and Waste Plastic Oil","authors":"Amit Kumar, A. Singh, Mujtaba Ahmed, Pramod Kumar","doi":"10.5958/0976-4763.2022.00008.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/0976-4763.2022.00008.3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":107641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biofuels","volume":"178 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132333203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.5958/0976-4763.2015.00004.5
A. Keerthika, S. Chavan, K. Parthiban
Studies were carried out in Forest College and Research Institute to assess the chemical properties of 27 Jatropha hybrid clonal seed oil, which was experimented in the laboratory for properties such as acid value, free fatty acid, saponification value, iodine value and cetane number. As these properties are important to determine the present condition of oil, the current study confirms that, hybrid clonal seeds performed superior with respect to the international standards for saponification value, iodine number and cetane number, which shows that Jatropha hybrid clonal seeds could be an important source to meet the future energy requirements.
{"title":"Assessing Chemical Properties of Jatropha Hybrid Clonal Seed Oil for Biodiesel Production","authors":"A. Keerthika, S. Chavan, K. Parthiban","doi":"10.5958/0976-4763.2015.00004.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/0976-4763.2015.00004.5","url":null,"abstract":"Studies were carried out in Forest College and Research Institute to assess the chemical properties of 27 Jatropha hybrid clonal seed oil, which was experimented in the laboratory for properties such as acid value, free fatty acid, saponification value, iodine value and cetane number. As these properties are important to determine the present condition of oil, the current study confirms that, hybrid clonal seeds performed superior with respect to the international standards for saponification value, iodine number and cetane number, which shows that Jatropha hybrid clonal seeds could be an important source to meet the future energy requirements.","PeriodicalId":107641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biofuels","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132289716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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