Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.5958/0976-4763.2017.00015.0
Akram A. Khan, R. Usmani
{"title":"Pretreatment Methods for an Efficient Bioethanol Production from Cellulosic Biomass: A Comparative Analysis","authors":"Akram A. Khan, R. Usmani","doi":"10.5958/0976-4763.2017.00015.0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/0976-4763.2017.00015.0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":107641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biofuels","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115630487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.5958/0976-4763.2020.00005.7
Khushboo Kapoor, A. Tyagi, R. Diwan
{"title":"Conversion of Sugarcane Bagasse Cellulose and Hemicellulose into Sugars Using Electron Beam Irradiation","authors":"Khushboo Kapoor, A. Tyagi, R. Diwan","doi":"10.5958/0976-4763.2020.00005.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/0976-4763.2020.00005.7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":107641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biofuels","volume":"483 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114279608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.5958/0976-4763.2020.00004.5
Sangeeta Kanakraj, R. Singhai
{"title":"Impact of Biodegradable Behaviour of Diesel Fuels with Biodiesel Blending: A Review","authors":"Sangeeta Kanakraj, R. Singhai","doi":"10.5958/0976-4763.2020.00004.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/0976-4763.2020.00004.5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":107641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biofuels","volume":"206 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123085848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.5958/0976-4763.2018.00008.9
Preeti Sharma, U. Melkania
In this study, the effect of ammonia pretreatment on hydrogen production from the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) was evaluated. Ammonia was used in the concentration range of 2.5%, 5.0%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30% and 35% (v/v). Cumulative hydrogen production (P), maximum hydrogen production rate (Rmax) and lag phases (λ) were analysed using the Modified Gompertz model. The results revealed that the pretreatment method was effective in hydrogen production enhancement. The solubility of the OFMSW was increased significantly. Ammonia pretreatment resulted in the maximum cumulative and volumetric hydrogen production of 483.3±10.2mL and 1.38LH2/Lsubstrate, respectively. Correspondingly, the highest hydrogen yield for ammonia pretreatment was 33.1 mLH2/g carbon. Ammonia pretreatment resulted up to a maximum of 2.15 times higher cumulative hydrogen production than control.
{"title":"Ammonia Pre-Treatment of Substrate for Enhanced Hydrogen Production Using Co-Culture of Escherichia coli and Enterobacter aerogenes","authors":"Preeti Sharma, U. Melkania","doi":"10.5958/0976-4763.2018.00008.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/0976-4763.2018.00008.9","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the effect of ammonia pretreatment on hydrogen production from the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) was evaluated. Ammonia was used in the concentration range of 2.5%, 5.0%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30% and 35% (v/v). Cumulative hydrogen production (P), maximum hydrogen production rate (Rmax) and lag phases (λ) were analysed using the Modified Gompertz model. The results revealed that the pretreatment method was effective in hydrogen production enhancement. The solubility of the OFMSW was increased significantly. Ammonia pretreatment resulted in the maximum cumulative and volumetric hydrogen production of 483.3±10.2mL and 1.38LH2/Lsubstrate, respectively. Correspondingly, the highest hydrogen yield for ammonia pretreatment was 33.1 mLH2/g carbon. Ammonia pretreatment resulted up to a maximum of 2.15 times higher cumulative hydrogen production than control.","PeriodicalId":107641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biofuels","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132474596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.5958/J.0976-3015.1.1.012
Pinki Anand, R. K. Saxena, Sweta Yadav, Firdaus Jahan
In contrast to the debate on nuclear power and genetically altered food, the public doesn't yet view the manufacturing strategies of biodiesel as a noteworthy hazard. For every 100 gallons of biodiesel produced, 5–10 gallons of the less glamorous crude glycerol are left behind with a sparking debate about the best uses of this waste. This impure form of glycerol must either be disposed off or sold off to market for a minimal amount due to the free fatty acids, water, methanol, and salt content. At present, most of it is simply incinerated. Well that doesn't make biodiesel a clean alternative energy anymore. The utilization of a crude glycerol to produce value–added products provides areas of opportunity where it would be possible to capitalize on the surplus of waste glycerol. In this context, glycerol which promises to be a good substrate for microbial production of 1,3-propanediol, changes the perception of glycerol as being an industrial waste. The present work necessitates to evaluate the possibility of capitalizing on the surplus glycerol by converting it into 1,3-propanediol. In this respect, more then 200 bacterial strains were screened out, to identify their ability to convert glycerol to 1,3-propanediol anaerobically. One of the potent strain which produces 1,3-propanediol was identified as Citrobacter freundii. Various raw and pretreated glycerol types were obtained from biodiesel production processes, used as a substrate to produce 1,3-propanediol in batch fermentation. Production and growth inhibition of C. freundii using different grades of glycerol were evaluated. In order to optimize the production, parametric optimization was carried out to fetch out the best parametric combination. Further, the process was scaled up to 30 L fermentor in which the final yield of 1,3-propanediol reached to maximum of 28.0g/l under anaerobic condition.
{"title":"A Greener Solution for Darker Side of Biodiesel: Utilization of Crude Glycerol in 1,3-Propanediol Production","authors":"Pinki Anand, R. K. Saxena, Sweta Yadav, Firdaus Jahan","doi":"10.5958/J.0976-3015.1.1.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/J.0976-3015.1.1.012","url":null,"abstract":"In contrast to the debate on nuclear power and genetically altered food, the public doesn't yet view the manufacturing strategies of biodiesel as a noteworthy hazard. For every 100 gallons of biodiesel produced, 5–10 gallons of the less glamorous crude glycerol are left behind with a sparking debate about the best uses of this waste. This impure form of glycerol must either be disposed off or sold off to market for a minimal amount due to the free fatty acids, water, methanol, and salt content. At present, most of it is simply incinerated. Well that doesn't make biodiesel a clean alternative energy anymore. The utilization of a crude glycerol to produce value–added products provides areas of opportunity where it would be possible to capitalize on the surplus of waste glycerol. In this context, glycerol which promises to be a good substrate for microbial production of 1,3-propanediol, changes the perception of glycerol as being an industrial waste. The present work necessitates to evaluate the possibility of capitalizing on the surplus glycerol by converting it into 1,3-propanediol. In this respect, more then 200 bacterial strains were screened out, to identify their ability to convert glycerol to 1,3-propanediol anaerobically. One of the potent strain which produces 1,3-propanediol was identified as Citrobacter freundii. Various raw and pretreated glycerol types were obtained from biodiesel production processes, used as a substrate to produce 1,3-propanediol in batch fermentation. Production and growth inhibition of C. freundii using different grades of glycerol were evaluated. In order to optimize the production, parametric optimization was carried out to fetch out the best parametric combination. Further, the process was scaled up to 30 L fermentor in which the final yield of 1,3-propanediol reached to maximum of 28.0g/l under anaerobic condition.","PeriodicalId":107641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biofuels","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126708372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.5958/J.0976-3015.1.1.004
S. Jindal, B. P. Nandwana, N. Rathore
Biodiesel produced from different vegetable oils and fats are likely to have some comparative advantages and disadvantages. Two major oil varieties, considered suitable for biodiesel making are ‘Jatropha curcas’ and ‘Pongamia pinnata’. This study targets at making a comparison of the methyl esters of these oils in a diesel engine vis-a-vis diesel fuel. The performance of the fuels was evaluated in terms of thermal efficiency, specific fuel consumption, power output and mean effective pressure, cylinder pressure, rate of pressure rise and heat release rates. The emissions of carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), unburnt hydrocarbon (HC), oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and Smoke opacity with the three fuels were also compared. Both the varieties of the oil, after transesterification, exhibit the major properties within acceptable limits of biodiesel standards set by many countries. Karanj methyl ester (KME) performed better than Jatropha methyl ester (JME) whereas shortest ignition delay is observed with JME. Both the esters performed poorer than diesel but emissions of HC, NOx and smoke were found lower with esters. The three fuels delivered almost same brake power even when the indicated power was higher with diesel.
{"title":"A Comparative Study of Performance, Combustion and Emissions of Diesel, Jatropha Methyl Ester and Karanj Methyl Ester in a DI-CI Engine","authors":"S. Jindal, B. P. Nandwana, N. Rathore","doi":"10.5958/J.0976-3015.1.1.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/J.0976-3015.1.1.004","url":null,"abstract":"Biodiesel produced from different vegetable oils and fats are likely to have some comparative advantages and disadvantages. Two major oil varieties, considered suitable for biodiesel making are ‘Jatropha curcas’ and ‘Pongamia pinnata’. This study targets at making a comparison of the methyl esters of these oils in a diesel engine vis-a-vis diesel fuel. The performance of the fuels was evaluated in terms of thermal efficiency, specific fuel consumption, power output and mean effective pressure, cylinder pressure, rate of pressure rise and heat release rates. The emissions of carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), unburnt hydrocarbon (HC), oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and Smoke opacity with the three fuels were also compared. Both the varieties of the oil, after transesterification, exhibit the major properties within acceptable limits of biodiesel standards set by many countries. Karanj methyl ester (KME) performed better than Jatropha methyl ester (JME) whereas shortest ignition delay is observed with JME. Both the esters performed poorer than diesel but emissions of HC, NOx and smoke were found lower with esters. The three fuels delivered almost same brake power even when the indicated power was higher with diesel.","PeriodicalId":107641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biofuels","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116953971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.5958/0976-4763.2021.00009.x
A. E. Eseyin, Olusegun, O. Godwin, E. Ankwai, M. Ibrahim
{"title":"Torrefaction and Pelletization of Moringa oleifera Pods, for Sustainable Energy Development","authors":"A. E. Eseyin, Olusegun, O. Godwin, E. Ankwai, M. Ibrahim","doi":"10.5958/0976-4763.2021.00009.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/0976-4763.2021.00009.x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":107641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biofuels","volume":"207 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114364747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.5958/0976-4763.2015.00012.4
Manjula Jain, Moina Athar
The purpose of this research is to provide the information and knowledge about the excellent co-solvent process to produce the high-purity biodiesel with minimum reaction time. Transesterification reaction of Jatropha oil with methanol in the presence of catalyst occurs in a heterogeneous system because the reactants are not readily miscible to each other. As a result, this leads to a longer reaction time and so higher fixed capital investment and product cost due to transesterification process is batch process. To speed up the reaction rate and to increase the fatty acid methyl ester yield, a mixing solvent tetrahydrofuran were added, which enables the reaction to be in one phase. The influence of various parameters on the transesterification reaction including the amount of THF, the amount of catalyst, methanol volume % and reaction time were investigated. Different tests according to ASTM methods were conducted to check the various properties of produced biodiesel and found according to ASTM D-6751.
{"title":"Production of Biodiesel by Jatropha Oil Using Co-Solvent Method","authors":"Manjula Jain, Moina Athar","doi":"10.5958/0976-4763.2015.00012.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/0976-4763.2015.00012.4","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this research is to provide the information and knowledge about the excellent co-solvent process to produce the high-purity biodiesel with minimum reaction time. Transesterification reaction of Jatropha oil with methanol in the presence of catalyst occurs in a heterogeneous system because the reactants are not readily miscible to each other. As a result, this leads to a longer reaction time and so higher fixed capital investment and product cost due to transesterification process is batch process. To speed up the reaction rate and to increase the fatty acid methyl ester yield, a mixing solvent tetrahydrofuran were added, which enables the reaction to be in one phase. The influence of various parameters on the transesterification reaction including the amount of THF, the amount of catalyst, methanol volume % and reaction time were investigated. Different tests according to ASTM methods were conducted to check the various properties of produced biodiesel and found according to ASTM D-6751.","PeriodicalId":107641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biofuels","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117133618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.5958/0976-4763.2017.00005.8
Sujata, P. Kaushal
Indian economy is growing at an average rate of 7%, so is its primary energy demand. From 2011–2035, India's primary energy demand will be doubled. At the same time, transport sector's share in total primary energy consumption will increase from 8.1% to 11.3%. Crude oil has always been a concern for India. India's annual crude oil consumption is around 183.4 million tonnes that is more than many developed economies like Japan, Germany and others. Around 80% of India crude oil demand is met by import, and the demand is growing at a Compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 4.2%. By 2030, India will be the most populous country with 1.5 billion populations and 430 million vehicles on road. To meet this futuristic oil demand, India has to either meet all the demand through import or look for alternative options to reduce the dependence on imported oil. Speculating the looming energy challenges in 2008, Indian policymakers had laid a roadmap to incorporate 20% of bioethanol into the energy systems by 2017. The objective of this research work is to assess India preparedness to meet 20% bioethanol blending fuel by 2017. The preparedness is analysed on three fundamental indictors: (a) ethanol market dynamics, (b) infrastructural facilities and (c) biomass available for bioethanol production. Result shows that as on 2017, India can achieve a maximum of 8.5% of fuel blending. In the study, the concerns and weak linkages across the value chain were identified. Recommendations for future action are highlighted, if realised India can achieve the blend target in coming years.
{"title":"Close Yet So Far to Achieve Bioethanol Blending Target","authors":"Sujata, P. Kaushal","doi":"10.5958/0976-4763.2017.00005.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/0976-4763.2017.00005.8","url":null,"abstract":"Indian economy is growing at an average rate of 7%, so is its primary energy demand. From 2011–2035, India's primary energy demand will be doubled. At the same time, transport sector's share in total primary energy consumption will increase from 8.1% to 11.3%. Crude oil has always been a concern for India. India's annual crude oil consumption is around 183.4 million tonnes that is more than many developed economies like Japan, Germany and others. Around 80% of India crude oil demand is met by import, and the demand is growing at a Compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 4.2%. By 2030, India will be the most populous country with 1.5 billion populations and 430 million vehicles on road. To meet this futuristic oil demand, India has to either meet all the demand through import or look for alternative options to reduce the dependence on imported oil. Speculating the looming energy challenges in 2008, Indian policymakers had laid a roadmap to incorporate 20% of bioethanol into the energy systems by 2017. The objective of this research work is to assess India preparedness to meet 20% bioethanol blending fuel by 2017. The preparedness is analysed on three fundamental indictors: (a) ethanol market dynamics, (b) infrastructural facilities and (c) biomass available for bioethanol production. Result shows that as on 2017, India can achieve a maximum of 8.5% of fuel blending. In the study, the concerns and weak linkages across the value chain were identified. Recommendations for future action are highlighted, if realised India can achieve the blend target in coming years.","PeriodicalId":107641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biofuels","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115035019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.5958/J.0976-3015.1.1.005
P. KSrividhya, T. Tamizharasan, S. Jayaraj, C. Muralledharan
This paper deals with investigation on Jatropha seed cake (non edible de-oiled cake) for thermo chemical conversion processes (combustion, gasification) for thermal application. Physical and chemical characteristics analysis on seed cake were done and the data has been reported in this paper. The thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) has been done on it using a thermal analyzer from room temperature to 1000°C in air, nitrogen atmosphere at a heating rate of 20°C/min. It showed that it took temperature of 243°C for ignition and there was a very little fraction of thermal decomposition occurred after 530°C with burn out residues of 11.68% in air atmosphere. Gasification studies were conducted with laboratory model downdraft gasifier using Jatropha seed cake for thermal application. The performance of the feedstock was determined by measuring gasifier zone temperature sensing with thermocouple throughout the main zones of the gasifier, at the gasifier outlet and also the flame temperature of the producer gas at burner. The maximum temperature of the bottom flame was recorded as 910° C and the flame length was about from 1ft to 1.5 ft with yellowish colour. The studies revealed that it is a good feed stock for gasification and combustion. Because of its fuel characteristics this can be compared with other woody biomasses.
{"title":"Characterization and Gasification using- Jatropha Curcas Seed Cake","authors":"P. KSrividhya, T. Tamizharasan, S. Jayaraj, C. Muralledharan","doi":"10.5958/J.0976-3015.1.1.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/J.0976-3015.1.1.005","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with investigation on Jatropha seed cake (non edible de-oiled cake) for thermo chemical conversion processes (combustion, gasification) for thermal application. Physical and chemical characteristics analysis on seed cake were done and the data has been reported in this paper. The thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) has been done on it using a thermal analyzer from room temperature to 1000°C in air, nitrogen atmosphere at a heating rate of 20°C/min. It showed that it took temperature of 243°C for ignition and there was a very little fraction of thermal decomposition occurred after 530°C with burn out residues of 11.68% in air atmosphere. Gasification studies were conducted with laboratory model downdraft gasifier using Jatropha seed cake for thermal application. The performance of the feedstock was determined by measuring gasifier zone temperature sensing with thermocouple throughout the main zones of the gasifier, at the gasifier outlet and also the flame temperature of the producer gas at burner. The maximum temperature of the bottom flame was recorded as 910° C and the flame length was about from 1ft to 1.5 ft with yellowish colour. The studies revealed that it is a good feed stock for gasification and combustion. Because of its fuel characteristics this can be compared with other woody biomasses.","PeriodicalId":107641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biofuels","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115533927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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