Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.2174/1567201820666230726151607
Wentao Xu, Xiaowen Qin, Yang Liu, Jun Chen, Yuguang Wang
Because of low immunogenicity, ease of modification, and inherent biosafety, peptides have been well recognized as vehicles to deliver therapeutic agents to targeted regions with improved pharmacokinetic characteristics. Enzyme-responsive self-assembled peptides (ERSAPs) show superiority over their naive forms due to their enhanced targeting efficacy and long-retention property. In this review, we have summarized recent advances in the therapeutic application of ERSAPs, mainly focusing on their self-therapeutic properties and potential as vehicles to deliver different drugs.
{"title":"Advances in Enzyme-responsive Supramolecular <i>In situ</i> Self-assembled Peptide for Drug Delivery.","authors":"Wentao Xu, Xiaowen Qin, Yang Liu, Jun Chen, Yuguang Wang","doi":"10.2174/1567201820666230726151607","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1567201820666230726151607","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Because of low immunogenicity, ease of modification, and inherent biosafety, peptides have been well recognized as vehicles to deliver therapeutic agents to targeted regions with improved pharmacokinetic characteristics. Enzyme-responsive self-assembled peptides (ERSAPs) show superiority over their naive forms due to their enhanced targeting efficacy and long-retention property. In this review, we have summarized recent advances in the therapeutic application of ERSAPs, mainly focusing on their self-therapeutic properties and potential as vehicles to deliver different drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":10842,"journal":{"name":"Current drug delivery","volume":" ","pages":"374-386"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9876281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.2174/1567201820666230425234700
Brenda Regina de Araujo, Tatielle do Nascimento, Ana Paula Dos Santos Matos, Vanessa Brandao de Souza Belmiro, Mariana Sato de Souza de Bustamante Monteiro, Ralph Santos-Oliveira, Eduardo Ricci-Junior
Melanoma is a malignant skin cancer type with a high lethality rate due to active metastasis. Among the risk factors for its development is exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UV) and phenotypical characteristics such as clear skin and eyes. Given the difficulties of the conventional therapy, the high cost of the treatment and the low bioavailability of drugs, it is important to develop new therapeutic methods to circumvent this situation. Nanosystems such as micelles, liposomes and nanoparticles present advantages when compared to conventional treatments. The objective of this paper is to carry out a literature review based on articles that dealt with the use of siRNA-loaded nanosystems for the treatment of melanoma, with trials carried out in vivo to assess tumor size. The search was conducted in the Web of Science and PubMed databases considering the last 5 years, that is, the period between January 2017 to December 2021. The "SiRNA and Drug Delivery Systems and Melanoma" keywords were used in both databases, and the articles were analyzed using the inclusion and exclusion criteria established for this paper. The results obtained indicated that using siRNA transported via nanosystems was capable of silencing the BRAF tumor genes and of reducing tumor size and weight, not presenting in vitro and/or in vivo toxicity. Such being the case, the development of these systems becomes a non-invasive and promising option for the treatment of melanoma.
黑色素瘤是一种恶性皮肤癌类型，由于转移活跃，死亡率高。其发展的危险因素之一是暴露于紫外线辐射（UV）和表型特征，如干净的皮肤和眼睛。鉴于常规治疗的困难，治疗的高成本和药物的低生物利用度，开发新的治疗方法来克服这种情况是很重要的。与传统治疗方法相比，胶束、脂质体和纳米颗粒等纳米系统具有优势。本文的目的是对有关sirna负载纳米系统用于黑色素瘤治疗的文章进行文献综述，并进行体内试验以评估肿瘤大小。该搜索是在Web of Science和PubMed数据库中进行的，考虑了过去5年，即2017年1月至2021年12月期间。在两个数据库中均使用“SiRNA和药物传递系统及黑色素瘤”关键词，并使用为本文建立的纳入和排除标准对文章进行分析。结果表明，通过纳米系统运输的siRNA能够沉默BRAF肿瘤基因，减小肿瘤的大小和重量，而不表现出体外和/或体内毒性。在这种情况下，这些系统的发展成为治疗黑色素瘤的一种非侵入性和有希望的选择。
{"title":"Nanocarriers for siRNA Delivery Aimed at the Treatment of Melanoma: Systematic Review.","authors":"Brenda Regina de Araujo, Tatielle do Nascimento, Ana Paula Dos Santos Matos, Vanessa Brandao de Souza Belmiro, Mariana Sato de Souza de Bustamante Monteiro, Ralph Santos-Oliveira, Eduardo Ricci-Junior","doi":"10.2174/1567201820666230425234700","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1567201820666230425234700","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Melanoma is a malignant skin cancer type with a high lethality rate due to active metastasis. Among the risk factors for its development is exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UV) and phenotypical characteristics such as clear skin and eyes. Given the difficulties of the conventional therapy, the high cost of the treatment and the low bioavailability of drugs, it is important to develop new therapeutic methods to circumvent this situation. Nanosystems such as micelles, liposomes and nanoparticles present advantages when compared to conventional treatments. The objective of this paper is to carry out a literature review based on articles that dealt with the use of siRNA-loaded nanosystems for the treatment of melanoma, with trials carried out <i>in vivo</i> to assess tumor size. The search was conducted in the Web of Science and PubMed databases considering the last 5 years, that is, the period between January 2017 to December 2021. The <i>\"SiRNA and Drug Delivery Systems and Melanoma\"</i> keywords were used in both databases, and the articles were analyzed using the inclusion and exclusion criteria established for this paper. The results obtained indicated that using siRNA transported <i>via</i> nanosystems was capable of silencing the BRAF tumor genes and of reducing tumor size and weight, not presenting <i>in vitro</i> and/or <i>in vivo</i> toxicity. Such being the case, the development of these systems becomes a non-invasive and promising option for the treatment of melanoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":10842,"journal":{"name":"Current drug delivery","volume":" ","pages":"431-449"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9447012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) comprise short peptides of fewer than 30 amino acids, which are rich in arginine (Arg) or lysine (Lys). CPPs have attracted interest in the delivery of various cargos, such as drugs, nucleic acids, and other macromolecules over the last 30 years. Among all types of CPPs, arginine-rich CPPs exhibit higher transmembrane efficiency due to bidentate bonding between their guanidinium groups and negatively charged cellular components. Besides, endosome escape can be induced by arginine-rich CPPs to protect cargo from lysosome-dependent degradation. Here we summarize the function, design principles, and penetrating mechanisms of arginine-rich CPPs, and outline their biomedical applications in drug delivery and biosensing in tumors.
{"title":"Biological Properties of Arginine-rich Peptides and their Application in Cargo Delivery to Cancer.","authors":"Minghai Ma, Ruizhao Zhao, Xing Li, Minxuan Jing, Rundong Song, Jinhai Fan","doi":"10.2174/1567201820666230417083350","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1567201820666230417083350","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) comprise short peptides of fewer than 30 amino acids, which are rich in arginine (Arg) or lysine (Lys). CPPs have attracted interest in the delivery of various cargos, such as drugs, nucleic acids, and other macromolecules over the last 30 years. Among all types of CPPs, arginine-rich CPPs exhibit higher transmembrane efficiency due to bidentate bonding between their guanidinium groups and negatively charged cellular components. Besides, endosome escape can be induced by arginine-rich CPPs to protect cargo from lysosome-dependent degradation. Here we summarize the function, design principles, and penetrating mechanisms of arginine-rich CPPs, and outline their biomedical applications in drug delivery and biosensing in tumors.</p>","PeriodicalId":10842,"journal":{"name":"Current drug delivery","volume":" ","pages":"387-400"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9736850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.2174/1567201821666230807152520
Yixuan Mou, Min Cao, Dahong Zhang
The blood-prostate barrier (BPB), a non-static physical barrier, stands as an obstacle between the prostate stroma and the lumen of the prostate gland tube. The barrier has the ability to dynamically regulate and strictly control the mass exchange between the blood and the prostate, thereby limiting drug penetration into the prostate. The basement membrane, fibrous stromal layer, capillary endothelial cell, prostatic ductal epithelial cell, lipid layer, etc., have been confirmed to be involved in the composition of the barrier structure and altered membrane permeability mainly by regulating the size of paracellular ion pores. Various studies have been conducted to improve the efficiency of drug therapy for prostate diseases by changing the administration approaches, improving barrier permeability and increasing drug penetration. To gain a full understanding of BPB, the composition of BPB, the methodology for evaluating the permeability of BPB and alterations in barrier function under pathological conditions are summarized in this review. To find a shortcut for drug delivery across BPB, the biodistribution of drugs in the prostate and different methods of improving drug penetration across BPB are outlined. This review offers an applied perspective on recent advances in drug delivery across BPB.
{"title":"The Blood-prostate Barrier: An Obstacle to Drug Delivery into the Prostate.","authors":"Yixuan Mou, Min Cao, Dahong Zhang","doi":"10.2174/1567201821666230807152520","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1567201821666230807152520","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The blood-prostate barrier (BPB), a non-static physical barrier, stands as an obstacle between the prostate stroma and the lumen of the prostate gland tube. The barrier has the ability to dynamically regulate and strictly control the mass exchange between the blood and the prostate, thereby limiting drug penetration into the prostate. The basement membrane, fibrous stromal layer, capillary endothelial cell, prostatic ductal epithelial cell, lipid layer, etc., have been confirmed to be involved in the composition of the barrier structure and altered membrane permeability mainly by regulating the size of paracellular ion pores. Various studies have been conducted to improve the efficiency of drug therapy for prostate diseases by changing the administration approaches, improving barrier permeability and increasing drug penetration. To gain a full understanding of BPB, the composition of BPB, the methodology for evaluating the permeability of BPB and alterations in barrier function under pathological conditions are summarized in this review. To find a shortcut for drug delivery across BPB, the biodistribution of drugs in the prostate and different methods of improving drug penetration across BPB are outlined. This review offers an applied perspective on recent advances in drug delivery across BPB.</p>","PeriodicalId":10842,"journal":{"name":"Current drug delivery","volume":" ","pages":"401-412"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10008296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) poses a major healthcare burden globally. Traditional Chinese medicine formula Bushen Jianpi (BSJP) recipe shows inhibitory effects on HCC but suffers from low bioavailability. This study aims to develop a BSJP-loaded liposome (BSJP@Lip) for targeted HCC treatment. Methods: BSJP@Lip was prepared using a microfluidic device. Particle characterization included size, morphology, drug loading, encapsulation efficiency, and release kinetics analysis. In vitro cytotoxicity, cellular uptake, apoptosis, and protein expression were evaluated in hepG2, Smmc-7721, and hepa 1-6 hepatic cancer cell lines treated with BSJP@Lip. Results: BSJP@Lip nanoparticles showed a uniform spherical shape with an average size of 50 nm and zeta potential at around -2.24 mV. They significantly inhibited cell viability and induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner compared with traditional decoction formulations. Enhanced cellular uptake of BSJP@Lip increased the expression of proinflammatory factors IL-18 and NLRP3. Conclusion: BSJP@Lip nanoparticles were found to be efficiently internalized by hepatic cancer cell lines, resulting in a dose-dependent inhibition of cell viability and induction of apoptosis. This effect was accompanied by the upregulation of IL-18 and NLRP3.
{"title":"Enhanced Therapeutic Potential of Liposome-Coated Bushen Jianpi Recipe for Hepatocellular Carcinoma","authors":"Siqi Feng, Yi Zhong, Yabin Li, Shiying Li, Yun Li, Zhangjie Zhou, Zhonghua Wu, Tingting Wu","doi":"10.2174/0115672018318595240902095514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115672018318595240902095514","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) poses a major healthcare burden globally. Traditional Chinese medicine formula Bushen Jianpi (BSJP) recipe shows inhibitory effects on HCC but suffers from low bioavailability. This study aims to develop a BSJP-loaded liposome (BSJP@Lip) for targeted HCC treatment. Methods: BSJP@Lip was prepared using a microfluidic device. Particle characterization included size, morphology, drug loading, encapsulation efficiency, and release kinetics analysis. In vitro cytotoxicity, cellular uptake, apoptosis, and protein expression were evaluated in hepG2, Smmc-7721, and hepa 1-6 hepatic cancer cell lines treated with BSJP@Lip. Results: BSJP@Lip nanoparticles showed a uniform spherical shape with an average size of 50 nm and zeta potential at around -2.24 mV. They significantly inhibited cell viability and induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner compared with traditional decoction formulations. Enhanced cellular uptake of BSJP@Lip increased the expression of proinflammatory factors IL-18 and NLRP3. Conclusion: BSJP@Lip nanoparticles were found to be efficiently internalized by hepatic cancer cell lines, resulting in a dose-dependent inhibition of cell viability and induction of apoptosis. This effect was accompanied by the upregulation of IL-18 and NLRP3.","PeriodicalId":10842,"journal":{"name":"Current drug delivery","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142255722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-18DOI: 10.2174/0115672018318035240910050003
Tahmidul Islam Aquib, Sheikh Manjura Hoque, Mohammad Helal Uddin
Introduction: Although lignin is one of the most naturally abundant biopolymers, the overall status of its utilization has long been subpar. The ability of Lignin to readily self-assemble into nanoparticles, along with its good biocompatibility and minimal toxicity, makes it a perfect agent for nanocarriers and drug delivery. Method: Hence, in this study, we have attempted to examine lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) as an efficient pH-responsive nanocarrier for gastric-irritant oral NSAID, aspirin. Alkali lignin (AL) was extracted from rice straw via alkaline treatment, and the lignin nanoparticles were synthesized from lignin using the acid precipitation method. The average particle size was 201.37 ± 1.20 nm, and the synthesized LNPs exhibited a spherical shape and smooth outer surface along with high polydispersity (PDI= 0.284 ± 0.012). The LNPs showed moderate hemocompatibility during in vitro hemolysis studies. The nanoparticles presented nearly similar chemical structures to the AL from which they were developed, and the FT-IR absorption spectra confirmed the similarity of this chemical structure to the LNPs and AL. Aspirin was successfully loaded into the LNPs with a satisfactory drug loading value of 39.12 ± 1.50 and an excellent encapsulation efficiency value of 91.44 ± 0.59. Results: Finally, the LNPs were capable of protecting the loaded drug at the acidic pH of the stomach (1.2) with just 29.20% release of the loaded aspirin after 10 h of observation in vitro. Contrarily, the LNPs were capable of rapidly releasing the aspirin at the basic pH of the intestine (7.4) with nearly 90% release of the loaded drug after 10 h observation in vitro. The basic pH of the intestine might lead to gradual dissociation of the LNPs followed by swift release of the loaded cargo. Conclusion: These findings substantiate that the LNPs carry the potential to be an apt and safe nanocarrier for oral drugs like aspirin as well as parenteral drugs, and LNPs can be utilized as an efficient alternative to enteric coating.
{"title":"Lignin Nanoparticles as pH-responsive Nanocarriers for Gastric-Irritant Oral Drug Aspirin","authors":"Tahmidul Islam Aquib, Sheikh Manjura Hoque, Mohammad Helal Uddin","doi":"10.2174/0115672018318035240910050003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115672018318035240910050003","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Although lignin is one of the most naturally abundant biopolymers, the overall status of its utilization has long been subpar. The ability of Lignin to readily self-assemble into nanoparticles, along with its good biocompatibility and minimal toxicity, makes it a perfect agent for nanocarriers and drug delivery. Method: Hence, in this study, we have attempted to examine lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) as an efficient pH-responsive nanocarrier for gastric-irritant oral NSAID, aspirin. Alkali lignin (AL) was extracted from rice straw via alkaline treatment, and the lignin nanoparticles were synthesized from lignin using the acid precipitation method. The average particle size was 201.37 ± 1.20 nm, and the synthesized LNPs exhibited a spherical shape and smooth outer surface along with high polydispersity (PDI= 0.284 ± 0.012). The LNPs showed moderate hemocompatibility during in vitro hemolysis studies. The nanoparticles presented nearly similar chemical structures to the AL from which they were developed, and the FT-IR absorption spectra confirmed the similarity of this chemical structure to the LNPs and AL. Aspirin was successfully loaded into the LNPs with a satisfactory drug loading value of 39.12 ± 1.50 and an excellent encapsulation efficiency value of 91.44 ± 0.59. Results: Finally, the LNPs were capable of protecting the loaded drug at the acidic pH of the stomach (1.2) with just 29.20% release of the loaded aspirin after 10 h of observation in vitro. Contrarily, the LNPs were capable of rapidly releasing the aspirin at the basic pH of the intestine (7.4) with nearly 90% release of the loaded drug after 10 h observation in vitro. The basic pH of the intestine might lead to gradual dissociation of the LNPs followed by swift release of the loaded cargo. Conclusion: These findings substantiate that the LNPs carry the potential to be an apt and safe nanocarrier for oral drugs like aspirin as well as parenteral drugs, and LNPs can be utilized as an efficient alternative to enteric coating.","PeriodicalId":10842,"journal":{"name":"Current drug delivery","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142255725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: Ophthalmic diseases include a wide array of conditions, each requiring individualized treatment approaches. In ophthalmic research and as therapeutics against potential pharmacological indications, several subtypes of exosomes (EVs) have been reconnoitered, mainly for their regenerative, neuroprotective, and anti-inflammatory characteristics. EVs are recently gaining wider attention as promising vehicles for therapies because of their natural participation in communication between cells and targeted delivery. These small vesicles, derived from cells, transport numerous molecules between cells, thus contributing advantages like low immunogenicity, stability, and the ability to target cells specifically. These inherent advantages of carrying the therapeutic cargo and enabling intercellular signaling make them a captivating avenue for progressing ophthalmic disease treatment options. While research is ongoing, and clinical applications are still emerging, several EV subtypes have shown promise for possible applications in addressing several ophthalmic diseases, such as glaucoma, age-related macular degenerative disorders, retinal degenerative disorders, and ocular inflammatory conditions.
:眼科疾病种类繁多，每种疾病都需要个性化的治疗方法。在眼科研究和针对潜在药理适应症的治疗中，已经发现了几种亚型的外泌体（EVs），主要用于再生、神经保护和抗炎。由于外泌体可自然参与细胞间的交流和靶向递送，因此作为有前景的治疗载体，外泌体最近正受到越来越广泛的关注。这些源自细胞的小囊泡可在细胞间运输多种分子，因此具有免疫原性低、稳定性强、可特异性靶向细胞等优点。这些固有的携带治疗货物和实现细胞间信号传递的优势，使它们成为眼科疾病治疗方案取得进展的迷人途径。虽然研究仍在进行，临床应用也在不断涌现，但有几种 EV 亚型已显示出有望应用于治疗几种眼科疾病，如青光眼、老年性黄斑变性疾病、视网膜变性疾病和眼部炎症。
{"title":"Exploring the Insights on Exosomes and their Utility in Treating Ophthalmic Disease: Delving into the Clinical Approval and Present Trials","authors":"Ashish Ranjan Dwivedi, Yogesh Murti, Pramod Rawat, Shriya Mahajan, Harsimrat Kandhari, Gaurav Joshi, Bhupinder Kumar","doi":"10.2174/0115672018324046240905134931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115672018324046240905134931","url":null,"abstract":": Ophthalmic diseases include a wide array of conditions, each requiring individualized treatment approaches. In ophthalmic research and as therapeutics against potential pharmacological indications, several subtypes of exosomes (EVs) have been reconnoitered, mainly for their regenerative, neuroprotective, and anti-inflammatory characteristics. EVs are recently gaining wider attention as promising vehicles for therapies because of their natural participation in communication between cells and targeted delivery. These small vesicles, derived from cells, transport numerous molecules between cells, thus contributing advantages like low immunogenicity, stability, and the ability to target cells specifically. These inherent advantages of carrying the therapeutic cargo and enabling intercellular signaling make them a captivating avenue for progressing ophthalmic disease treatment options. While research is ongoing, and clinical applications are still emerging, several EV subtypes have shown promise for possible applications in addressing several ophthalmic diseases, such as glaucoma, age-related macular degenerative disorders, retinal degenerative disorders, and ocular inflammatory conditions.","PeriodicalId":10842,"journal":{"name":"Current drug delivery","volume":"211 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142255723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-03DOI: 10.2174/0115672018292331240404070236
Gaidaa Dogheim, Sampath Chinnam, Mohamed T. Amralla
: Liver cancer is the sixth most common cancer and the fourth leading cause of death worldwide. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) comprises 75-80% of liver cancer cases. Therapeutic strategies for HCC are available and have been shown to prolong survival but not treat HCC. Gene expression and regulation are responsible for the pathogenesis and progression of HCC. Altering these genetic networks can impact cellular behaviors and in turn cure HCC. Single-stranded and double-stranded non-coding ribonucleic acid known as microRNA and small interfering RNA, respectively have been investigated as possible therapeutic options. Currently, efficient delivery systems that ensure cell-specific targeting and efficient transfection into tumor cells are still under investigation. Viral vectors have been studied extensively, but immunogenicity hinders their use as delivery systems. Non-viral vectors which include inorganic, lipid, or polymeric nanoparticles are promising delivery systems. However, there are a lot of challenges during the formulation of such systems to ensure efficient and specific delivery. In vitro and in vivo studies have investigated different LNPs to deliver miRNA or siRNA. In this review, we highlight the role of LNPs as a delivery system for miRNA and siRNA in HCC in addition to the latest results achieved using this approach.
{"title":"Lipid Nanoparticles as a Platform for miRNA and siRNA Delivery in Hepatocellular Carcinoma","authors":"Gaidaa Dogheim, Sampath Chinnam, Mohamed T. Amralla","doi":"10.2174/0115672018292331240404070236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115672018292331240404070236","url":null,"abstract":": Liver cancer is the sixth most common cancer and the fourth leading cause of death worldwide. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) comprises 75-80% of liver cancer cases. Therapeutic strategies for HCC are available and have been shown to prolong survival but not treat HCC. Gene expression and regulation are responsible for the pathogenesis and progression of HCC. Altering these genetic networks can impact cellular behaviors and in turn cure HCC. Single-stranded and double-stranded non-coding ribonucleic acid known as microRNA and small interfering RNA, respectively have been investigated as possible therapeutic options. Currently, efficient delivery systems that ensure cell-specific targeting and efficient transfection into tumor cells are still under investigation. Viral vectors have been studied extensively, but immunogenicity hinders their use as delivery systems. Non-viral vectors which include inorganic, lipid, or polymeric nanoparticles are promising delivery systems. However, there are a lot of challenges during the formulation of such systems to ensure efficient and specific delivery. In vitro and in vivo studies have investigated different LNPs to deliver miRNA or siRNA. In this review, we highlight the role of LNPs as a delivery system for miRNA and siRNA in HCC in addition to the latest results achieved using this approach.","PeriodicalId":10842,"journal":{"name":"Current drug delivery","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140840465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: Tuberculosis (TB) continues to pose a significant global health threat, with millions of new infections recorded annually. Current treatment strategies, such as Directly Observed Treatment (DOT), face challenges, including patient non-compliance and the emergence of drug-resistant TB strains. In response to these obstacles, innovative approaches utilizing inorganic/metallic nanomaterials have been developed to enhance drug delivery to target alveolar macrophages, where Mycobacterium tuberculosis resides. These nanomaterials have shown effectiveness against various strains of TB, offering benefits such as improved drug efficacy, minimized side effects, and sustained drug release at the infection site. This comprehensive review explores the applications of different metal nanoparticles, metal oxide nanoparticles, and metal-metal oxide hybrid nanoparticles in the management of TB, including multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) strains. The synergistic effects of combining inorganic nanoparticles with conventional anti-TB drugs have demonstrated promising results in combating TB infections. Further research and development in this field hold great promise for overcoming the challenges faced in current TB therapy and improving patient outcomes.
{"title":"Applications of Inorganic Nanomaterials against Tuberculosis: A Comprehensive Review","authors":"Debabrata Ghosh Dastidar, Arnab Roy, Gourav Ghosh, Supratim Mandal","doi":"10.2174/0115672018295247240426055330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115672018295247240426055330","url":null,"abstract":": Tuberculosis (TB) continues to pose a significant global health threat, with millions of new infections recorded annually. Current treatment strategies, such as Directly Observed Treatment (DOT), face challenges, including patient non-compliance and the emergence of drug-resistant TB strains. In response to these obstacles, innovative approaches utilizing inorganic/metallic nanomaterials have been developed to enhance drug delivery to target alveolar macrophages, where Mycobacterium tuberculosis resides. These nanomaterials have shown effectiveness against various strains of TB, offering benefits such as improved drug efficacy, minimized side effects, and sustained drug release at the infection site. This comprehensive review explores the applications of different metal nanoparticles, metal oxide nanoparticles, and metal-metal oxide hybrid nanoparticles in the management of TB, including multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) strains. The synergistic effects of combining inorganic nanoparticles with conventional anti-TB drugs have demonstrated promising results in combating TB infections. Further research and development in this field hold great promise for overcoming the challenges faced in current TB therapy and improving patient outcomes.","PeriodicalId":10842,"journal":{"name":"Current drug delivery","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140840468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: M. oleifera is the most adapted tree species in different medicinal eco-systems and has resilience against climate changes. This multiple-use tree provides healthy foods, snacks, honey, and fuel. Besides this, it has immense promising applicationsby offering antimicrobial and antibacterial activities for targeted uses. This validates the court of Hippocrates that let food be the medicine and medicine be the food for which moringa qualifies. In view of this, the antioxidant and in vitro antibacterial potency of the hydro-ethanolic extract of M. oleifera was evaluated on clinically isolated multidrug-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus. Furthermore, in vivo, the healing response of M. oleifera extract was analysed on corneal ulcers induced in rabbit eyes infected with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. TheM. oleifera extract exhibited exponential antioxidant activity. In-vitro antibacterial activity was evaluated by agar well diffusion assay showing zone of inhibition ranging from 11.05±0.36 to 20±0.40 mm at concentrations of 20, 40, 80, and 160 mg/ml, whereas, in our finding, no zone of inhibition was observed below 20 mg/ml concentration, which indicated that there is threshold limit below which the antibacterial activity of M. oleifera extract is not observed. Furthermore, continuous application of 3% and 5% M. oleifera extract (eye drop) four times a day for 14 consecutive days showed a significant healing response of the eyes of rabbits with corneal ulcers. These results suggest that M. oleifera extract could be a viable alternative to existing antibacterial therapies for corneal ulcers. Additionally, there is a possibility of commercial formulation of M. oleifera extract in the form of deliverable pharmaceutical products; therefore, it should be explored further.
{"title":"Evaluation of Moringa Oleifera Leaf Extract for its In vitro Antibacterial Properties, Mechanism of Action, and In vivo Corneal Ulcer Healing Effects in Rabbits’ Eyes","authors":"Ayesha Bibi, Meenakshi dhanawat, Shahbaz Aman, Samrat Chauhan, Rishabh Chalotra, Somdutt Mujwar, Narinder Kaur, ChamasseHomary Maivagna, Sumeet Gupta","doi":"10.2174/0115672018275561240228065755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115672018275561240228065755","url":null,"abstract":": M. oleifera is the most adapted tree species in different medicinal eco-systems and has resilience against climate changes. This multiple-use tree provides healthy foods, snacks, honey, and fuel. Besides this, it has immense promising applicationsby offering antimicrobial and antibacterial activities for targeted uses. This validates the court of Hippocrates that let food be the medicine and medicine be the food for which moringa qualifies. In view of this, the antioxidant and in vitro antibacterial potency of the hydro-ethanolic extract of M. oleifera was evaluated on clinically isolated multidrug-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus. Furthermore, in vivo, the healing response of M. oleifera extract was analysed on corneal ulcers induced in rabbit eyes infected with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. TheM. oleifera extract exhibited exponential antioxidant activity. In-vitro antibacterial activity was evaluated by agar well diffusion assay showing zone of inhibition ranging from 11.05±0.36 to 20±0.40 mm at concentrations of 20, 40, 80, and 160 mg/ml, whereas, in our finding, no zone of inhibition was observed below 20 mg/ml concentration, which indicated that there is threshold limit below which the antibacterial activity of M. oleifera extract is not observed. Furthermore, continuous application of 3% and 5% M. oleifera extract (eye drop) four times a day for 14 consecutive days showed a significant healing response of the eyes of rabbits with corneal ulcers. These results suggest that M. oleifera extract could be a viable alternative to existing antibacterial therapies for corneal ulcers. Additionally, there is a possibility of commercial formulation of M. oleifera extract in the form of deliverable pharmaceutical products; therefore, it should be explored further.","PeriodicalId":10842,"journal":{"name":"Current drug delivery","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140625561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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