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Aging Processes Are Affected by Energy Balance: Focused on the Effects of Nutrition and Physical Activity on Telomere Length. 衰老过程受能量平衡的影响:关注营养和体育活动对端粒长度的影响。
IF 4.9 3区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-18 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-024-00529-9
Satı Gürel, Elif Nisa Pak, Nilüfer Acar Tek

Purpose of review: The number and proportion of individuals aged 60 and over are increasing globally. The increase in the elderly population has important social and economic effects. Telomere length is an important marker for healthy aging. Here, we review the relevance between telomere length and energy balance by determining the effects of physical activity, nutrients, dietary patterns, and foods on healthy aging and telomere length with related studies.

Recent findings: Evidence emphasizes the importance of telomere length and integrity for healthy aging. It also focuses on the importance of potential interventions such as physical activity and a healthy diet to improve this process. We suggest that ensuring energy balance with regular physical activity and healthy diets can contribute to the aging process by protecting telomere length. In addition, different methods in studies, short and inconsistent durations, different types of exercise, different diet patterns, and non-standard foods have led to conflicting results. More studies are needed to elucidate molecular-based mechanisms.

审查目的:全球 60 岁及以上人口的数量和比例都在增加。老年人口的增加对社会和经济产生了重要影响。端粒长度是健康老龄化的重要标志。在此,我们通过确定体力活动、营养素、膳食模式和食物对健康老龄化和端粒长度的影响以及相关研究,回顾了端粒长度和能量平衡之间的相关性:最新发现:有证据强调端粒长度和完整性对健康老龄化的重要性。证据还强调了体育锻炼和健康饮食等潜在干预措施对改善这一过程的重要性。我们认为,通过有规律的体育锻炼和健康饮食来确保能量平衡,可以通过保护端粒长度来促进衰老过程。此外,不同的研究方法、短时间和不一致的持续时间、不同的运动类型、不同的饮食模式和非标准食品也导致了相互矛盾的结果。还需要更多的研究来阐明分子机制。
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引用次数: 0
Is Propolis a Potential Anti-Obesogenic Agent for Obesity? 蜂胶是治疗肥胖症的潜在抗致肥剂吗?
IF 4.9 3区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-04 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-024-00524-0
Nilüfer Acar Tek, Şerife Akpınar Şentüre, Nursena Ersoy

Purpose of review: Propolis is a bee product that has been used for thousands of years. The chemical composition and biological activity of propolis, which has been investigated in the twentieth century, may vary according to location. Propolis polyphenols can induce thermogenesis in brown and beige fat tissue via the uncoupled protein-1 and creatinine kinase metabolic pathways. This review provides a comprehensive investigation of the structural and biological properties of propolis and provides insights into their promising potential strategies in body weight management.

Recent findings: By raising overall energy expenditure, it might lead to body weight management. Furthermore, the phenolic components artepillin C, quercetin, catechin, and chlorogenic acid found in its composition may have anti-obesogenic effect by stimulating the sympathetic nervous system, enhancing browning in white adipose tissue, and triggering AMP-activated protein kinase activation and mitochondrial biogenesis. Propolis, a natural product, is effective in preventing obesity which is a contemporary pandemic.

审查目的:蜂胶是一种蜂产品,已有数千年的使用历史。二十世纪对蜂胶的化学成分和生物活性进行了研究,不同地区的蜂胶化学成分和生物活性可能有所不同。蜂胶多酚可通过解偶联蛋白-1 和肌酸激酶代谢途径诱导棕色和米色脂肪组织产生热量。本综述全面研究了蜂胶的结构和生物特性,并深入探讨了蜂胶在体重管理方面大有可为的潜在策略:最近的研究结果:蜂胶通过提高总体能量消耗,可能有助于控制体重。此外,蜂胶成分中的酚类成分青蒿素 C、槲皮素、儿茶素和绿原酸可通过刺激交感神经系统、促进白色脂肪组织褐变、引发 AMP 激活蛋白激酶活化和线粒体生物生成,从而起到抗致肥作用。蜂胶是一种天然产品,可有效预防当代流行的肥胖症。
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引用次数: 0
Risk of Bone Fracture on Vegetarian and Vegan Diets. 素食和纯素饮食导致骨折的风险。
IF 4.9 3区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-30 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-024-00533-z
Ariel Kraselnik

Purpose of review: Bone fractures can have a devastating effect on health, especially in the elderly, undermining their independence for daily activities, and increasing the risk of comorbidities and mortality. Nutrition is a key factor in maintaining an optimal bone health across the lifespan. The number of people that choose to avoid meat or even all animal products is increasing globally, for a diversity of reasons. Properly planned vegetarian and vegan diets are widely recognized as a healthy dietary pattern, but the long-term impact of these diets on bone health and more specifically risk of bone fractures is less clear. Classic studies have observed a slightly lower bone mineral density in vegetarians but have many limitations, including inadequate adjusting for relevant confounding factors, and cross-sectional design. The aim of this review is to summarize and put into context the current evidence on the effect of vegetarian and vegan diets on bone health, with a focus on fracture risk.

Recent findings: In recent years, results from many large prospective studies have emerged, which allowed us to assess the risk of incident bone fractures in vegetarians. In these studies, vegetarian and especially vegan diets were associated with an increased risk of bone fractures. In many recent prospective cohort studies, vegetarian and especially vegan diets were associated with an increased risk of bone fractures. At least part of this risk could be due to a lower body mass index and a lower intake of nutrients such as calcium, vitamin D, and protein. Some evidence suggests that combined vitamin D and calcium supplementation and other factors such as consumption of protein-rich foods may attenuate this risk. The eventual deleterious effect of vegetarian diets on bone health should be contextualized and balanced with its benefits, such as lower risk of cardiovascular disease and cancer.

审查目的:骨折会对健康造成破坏性影响,尤其是对老年人而言,会削弱他们进行日常活动的独立性,并增加合并症和死亡的风险。营养是维持整个生命周期最佳骨骼健康的关键因素。出于各种原因,全球选择不吃肉类甚至不吃所有动物产品的人越来越多。适当规划的素食和纯素饮食被广泛认为是一种健康的饮食模式,但这些饮食对骨骼健康的长期影响,更具体地说是对骨折风险的影响,却不太清楚。经典研究发现,素食者的骨矿物质密度略低,但这些研究存在许多局限性,包括对相关混杂因素的调整不足以及横断面设计。本综述旨在总结和归纳目前有关素食和纯素饮食对骨骼健康影响的证据,重点关注骨折风险:近年来,许多大型前瞻性研究的结果使我们能够评估素食者发生骨折的风险。在这些研究中,素食尤其是纯素饮食与骨折风险增加有关。在最近的许多前瞻性队列研究中,素食尤其是纯素饮食与骨折风险增加有关。这种风险至少有一部分可能是由于体重指数较低以及钙、维生素 D 和蛋白质等营养素的摄入量较少造成的。一些证据表明,同时补充维生素 D 和钙以及食用富含蛋白质的食物等其他因素可能会降低这种风险。素食最终对骨骼健康造成的有害影响应与素食的益处(如降低罹患心血管疾病和癌症的风险)相联系和平衡。
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引用次数: 0
Gut Microbiota Targeted Approach by Natural Products in Diabetes Management: An Overview. 天然产品在糖尿病管理中的肠道微生物群靶向疗法:概述。
IF 4.9 3区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-18 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-024-00523-1
Priyanka Sati, Praveen Dhyani, Eshita Sharma, Dharam Chand Attri, Arvind Jantwal, Rajni Devi, Daniela Calina, Javad Sharifi-Rad

Purpose of review: This review delves into the complex interplay between obesity-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis and the progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), highlighting the potential of natural products in mitigating these effects. By integrating recent epidemiological data, we aim to provide a nuanced understanding of how obesity exacerbates T2DM through gut flora alterations.

Recent findings: Advances in research have underscored the significance of bioactive ingredients in natural foods, capable of restoring gut microbiota balance, thus offering a promising approach to manage diabetes in the context of obesity. These findings build upon the traditional use of medicinal plants in diabetes treatment, suggesting a deeper exploration of their mechanisms of action. This comprehensive manuscript underscores the critical role of targeting gut microbiota dysbiosis in obesity-related T2DM management and by bridging traditional knowledge with current scientific evidence; we highlighted the need for continued research into natural products as a complementary strategy for comprehensive diabetes care.

综述的目的:这篇综述深入探讨了肥胖引起的肠道微生物群失调与 2 型糖尿病(T2DM)进展之间复杂的相互作用,强调了天然产品在减轻这些影响方面的潜力。通过整合最近的流行病学数据,我们旨在提供对肥胖如何通过肠道菌群改变加剧 T2DM 的细致理解:研究进展凸显了天然食品中生物活性成分的重要性,这些成分能够恢复肠道微生物群的平衡,从而为肥胖情况下的糖尿病管理提供了一种前景广阔的方法。这些发现建立在药用植物治疗糖尿病的传统基础上,建议对其作用机制进行更深入的探索。这份内容全面的手稿强调了针对肠道微生物群失调在肥胖相关的 T2DM 管理中的关键作用,并通过将传统知识与当前的科学证据相结合;我们强调了继续研究天然产品作为糖尿病综合护理补充策略的必要性。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of Aflatoxins Occurrence and Exposure in Cereal-Based Baby Foods: An Update Review. 评估谷类婴儿食品中黄曲霉毒素的发生率和暴露量:最新回顾。
IF 4.9 3区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-29 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-024-00519-x
Yasemin Açar, Gamze Akbulut

Purpose of review: The first stages of human life, which include the fetal period, infancy, and early childhood, are the most critical for human growth and development. This is the most vulnerable phase to health challenges due to the immature immune system and rapid development. Mycotoxins such as aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, patulin, fumonisins, zearalenone, and deoxynivalenol are secondary metabolites secreted by various fungal species, primarily Aspergillus, Fusarium, Penicillium, and Alternaria. Aflatoxins are one of the major mycotoxins produced in cereals and cereal-based foods by several species of Aspergillus, mainly Aspergillus flavus. In this context, this review provides a brief overview of the occurrence, exposure, legal regulations, and health effects of aflatoxins (B1, B2, G1, G2, and M1) in cereal-based baby foods and breast milk.

Recent findings: Human aflatoxin exposure in utero and through breast milk, infant formulas, cereals, and cereal-based foods has been linked to various health consequences, including adverse birth outcomes, impaired growth and development, immune system suppression, and hepatic dysfunction. Recent evidence suggests that especially infants and children are more susceptible to aflatoxins due to their lower body weight, lowered capacity to detoxify harmful substances, more restrictive diet, immature metabolism and elimination, and faster rates of growth and development. It is essential for both food safety and infant and child health that aflatoxins in cereal and cereal-based products are precisely detected, detoxified, and managed.

回顾的目的:人类生命的最初阶段,包括胎儿期、婴儿期和幼儿期,是人类生长和发育的最关键时期。由于免疫系统不成熟和发育迅速,这一阶段最容易受到健康挑战的影响。黄曲霉毒素、赭曲霉毒素 A、棒曲霉素、伏马菌素、玉米赤霉烯酮和脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇等霉菌毒素是各种真菌(主要是曲霉、镰刀菌、青霉和交替孢霉)分泌的次级代谢产物。黄曲霉毒素是谷物和谷物食品中的主要霉菌毒素之一,由多种曲霉菌(主要是黄曲霉)产生。在这种情况下,本综述简要概述了谷类婴儿食品和母乳中黄曲霉毒素(B1、B2、G1、G2 和 M1)的发生、接触、法律规定和对健康的影响:人类在子宫内以及通过母乳、婴儿配方奶粉、谷物和谷类食品摄入黄曲霉毒素与各种健康后果有关,包括不良的出生结果、生长发育受损、免疫系统抑制和肝功能障碍。最近的证据表明,由于婴幼儿体重较轻、对有害物质的解毒能力较弱、饮食限制较多、新陈代谢和排泄功能不成熟以及生长发育速度较快,他们更容易受到黄曲霉毒素的影响。为了食品安全和婴幼儿健康,必须对谷物和谷物类产品中的黄曲霉毒素进行精确检测、解毒和管理。
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引用次数: 0
A Therapeutic Approach in the Management of Chronic Kidney Disease: Plant-Based Dietary Models and Associated Parameters. 慢性肾病的治疗方法:以植物为基础的饮食模式及相关参数。
IF 4.9 3区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-03 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-023-00515-7
Kezban Sahin, Hilal Yıldıran

Purpose of review: Chronic kidney disease is one of the leading causes of death worldwide today. Nutrition and nutrition-related factors have a very important role in both the prevention and management of the disease. Plant-based dietary practices are one of the promising approaches to chronic kidney disease. This review aims to examine the potential benefits and risks of plant-based diet models on symptoms and indices used in diet quality in chronic kidney disease.

Recent findings: Recently, a growing body of evidence has shown that, unlike animal-based diets, diets rich in plant-based nutrients may play an active role in the incidence of chronic kidney disease in many ways and the management of common symptoms, such as metabolic acidosis, uremic toxicity, and hyperphosphatemia. Implementation of existing plant-based dietary patterns in patients with chronic kidney disease may increase the efficacy of the diet and improve patients' quality of life by expanding their food choices. While there are concerns about creatine deficiency, dietary adequacy, and accessibility regarding plant-based diets, available information is limited.

审查目的:慢性肾脏病是当今全球死亡的主要原因之一。营养和营养相关因素在疾病的预防和管理方面都具有非常重要的作用。以植物为基础的饮食实践是治疗慢性肾脏病的有效方法之一。本综述旨在研究植物性饮食模式对慢性肾脏病症状和饮食质量指标的潜在益处和风险:最近,越来越多的证据表明,与动物性膳食不同,富含植物性营养素的膳食可在许多方面对慢性肾脏病的发病率以及代谢性酸中毒、尿毒症和高磷血症等常见症状的控制发挥积极作用。在慢性肾脏病患者中推行现有的植物性饮食模式可提高饮食效果,并通过扩大患者的食物选择范围来改善其生活质量。虽然人们对肌酸缺乏症、膳食充足性和植物性膳食的可及性表示担忧,但现有的信息还很有限。
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引用次数: 0
Functional Food Chemical Ingredient Strategies for Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) and Hepatic Fibrosis: Chemical Properties, Health Benefits, Action, and Application. 治疗非酒精性脂肪肝(NAFLD)和肝纤维化的功能性食品化学成分策略:化学特性、健康益处、作用和应用。
IF 4.9 3区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-03 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-023-00514-8
Chong Yu, Xiaohe Guo, Xiaohang Cui, Guangyue Su, Haifeng Wang

Purpose of review: The liver is an important digestive gland in the body. Lifestyle and dietary habits are increasingly damaging our liver, leading to various diseases and health problems. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become one of the most serious liver disease problems in the world. Diet is one of the important factors in maintaining liver health. Functional foods and their components have been identified as novel sources of potential preventive agents in the prevention and treatment of liver disease in daily life. However, the effects of functional components derived from small molecules in food on different types of liver diseases have not been systematically summarized.

Recent findings: The components and related mechanisms in functional foods play a significant role in the development and progression of NAFLD and liver fibrosis. A variety of structural components are found to treat and prevent NAFLD and liver fibrosis through different mechanisms, including flavonoids, alkaloids, polyphenols, polysaccharides, unsaturated fatty acids, and peptides. On the other hand, the relevant mechanisms include oxidative stress, inflammation, and immune regulation, and a large number of literature studies have confirmed a close relationship between the mechanisms. The purpose of this article is to examine the current literature related to functional foods and functional components used for the treatment and protection against NAFLD and hepatic fibrosis, focusing on chemical properties, health benefits, mechanisms of action, and application in vitro and in vivo. The roles of different components in the biological processes of NAFLD and liver fibrosis were also discussed.

回顾的目的:肝脏是人体重要的消化腺。生活方式和饮食习惯正日益损害我们的肝脏,导致各种疾病和健康问题。非酒精性脂肪肝已成为全球最严重的肝病问题之一。饮食是维持肝脏健康的重要因素之一。功能食品及其成分已被确定为日常生活中预防和治疗肝病的潜在预防剂的新来源。然而,人们尚未系统地总结食品中由小分子衍生的功能成分对不同类型肝病的影响:最新发现:功能性食品中的成分和相关机制在非酒精性脂肪肝和肝纤维化的发生和发展过程中发挥着重要作用。研究发现,黄酮类化合物、生物碱、多酚、多糖、不饱和脂肪酸和多肽等多种结构成分可通过不同机制治疗和预防非酒精性脂肪肝和肝纤维化。另一方面,相关机制包括氧化应激、炎症和免疫调节,大量文献研究证实了这些机制之间的密切关系。本文旨在研究目前与用于治疗和预防非酒精性脂肪肝和肝纤维化的功能食品和功能成分相关的文献,重点关注化学特性、健康益处、作用机制以及在体外和体内的应用。此外,还讨论了不同成分在非酒精性脂肪肝和肝纤维化生物过程中的作用。
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引用次数: 0
Ultra-processed Food and Obesity: What Is the Evidence? 超加工食品与肥胖症:证据是什么?
IF 4.9 3区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-31 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-024-00517-z
Samuel J Dicken, Rachel L Batterham

Purpose of review: Obesity is a growing global healthcare concern. A proposed driver is the recent increase in ultra-processed food (UPF) intake. However, disagreement surrounds the concept of UPF, the strength of evidence, and suggested mechanisms. Therefore, this review aimed to critically appraise the evidence on UPF and obesity.

Recent findings: Observational studies demonstrate positive associations between UPF intake, weight gain, and overweight/obesity, more clearly in adults than children/adolescents. This is supported by high-quality clinical data. Several mechanisms are proposed, but current understanding is inconclusive. Greater UPF consumption has been a key driver of obesity. There is a need to change the obesogenic environment to support individuals to reduce their UPF intake. The UPF concept is a novel approach that is not explained with existing nutrient- and food-based frameworks. Critical analysis of methodologies provides confidence, but future observational and experimental research outputs with greater methodological rigor will strengthen findings, which are outlined.

审查目的:肥胖症是全球日益关注的健康问题。近来超加工食品(UPF)摄入量的增加是导致肥胖的一个原因。然而,关于超加工食品的概念、证据的强度和建议的机制存在分歧。因此,本综述旨在批判性地评估有关 UPF 与肥胖的证据:观察性研究表明,UPF摄入量、体重增加和超重/肥胖之间存在正相关关系,这一点在成人中比在儿童/青少年中更为明显。这一点得到了高质量临床数据的支持。提出了几种机制,但目前尚无定论。摄入更多的 UPF 是导致肥胖的关键因素。有必要改变导致肥胖的环境,以支持个人减少其 UPF 摄入量。UPF 概念是一种新颖的方法,无法用现有的营养素和食物框架来解释。对研究方法的批判性分析为我们提供了信心,但未来的观察性和实验性研究成果如果在方法上更加严谨,将会加强研究结果。
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引用次数: 0
Diet in Prevention and Treatment of Endometriosis: Current State of Knowledge. 预防和治疗子宫内膜异位症的饮食:知识现状。
IF 4.9 3区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-07 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-024-00518-y
Katarzyna Oszajca, Adrianna Adamus

Purpose of review: Endometriosis (EM) is a chronic gynecological disease that affects about 10% of women worldwide. It is characterized by the implantation of endometrial cells at ectopic sites. The most common symptom of EM is painful menstruation, which can often lead to chronic pelvic pain that significantly worsens the quality of life. Because some disease-related processes, such as inflammation, hormonal activity, menstrual cycle, or prostaglandin metabolism, can be modified by diet, nutrition may have a significant impact on development and treatment of EM. The purpose of this article was to overview the current knowledge regarding the dietary management of endometriosis.

Recent findings: The attention of researchers has so far concentrated mainly on the role of nutrition in the risk of developing EM, while less attention has been paid to examining the use of diet in the treatment of the disease. Current studies focus primarily on various dietary components that have antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, analgesic, and estrogen-lowering properties. Exploring different ways of coping with endometriosis can make a significant contribution to improving the quality of life of women at risk or diagnosed with EM.

审查目的:子宫内膜异位症(EM)是一种慢性妇科疾病,全世界约有 10%的妇女患有此病。其特征是子宫内膜细胞在异位部位种植。EM 最常见的症状是痛经,通常会导致慢性盆腔疼痛,严重影响生活质量。由于一些与疾病相关的过程,如炎症、荷尔蒙活动、月经周期或前列腺素代谢,可以通过饮食来改变,因此营养可能对EM的发展和治疗有重大影响。本文旨在概述目前有关子宫内膜异位症饮食治疗的知识:迄今为止,研究人员的注意力主要集中在营养在子宫内膜异位症发病风险中的作用,而较少关注研究饮食在治疗该疾病中的应用。目前的研究主要集中在各种具有抗增殖、抗炎、抗氧化、镇痛和降低雌激素特性的饮食成分上。探索应对子宫内膜异位症的不同方法,可以为改善高危妇女或确诊为子宫内膜异位症妇女的生活质量做出重要贡献。
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引用次数: 0
The Effect of Dietary Patterns on Reducing Falls and Falls Risk in Adults: A Systematic Review. 膳食模式对降低成人跌倒和跌倒风险的影响:系统回顾
IF 4.6 3区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-09 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-023-00516-6
Hoa H Nguyen, Dung V Do, Kien G To, Han T N Doan, Wendy H Oddy

Purpose of review: Falls are a major global public health issue and the second cause of unintentional injury death. Nutrition may be an important factor for falls prevention in adults, but most previous studies examined the associations between single nutrients and falls. The use of dietary patterns is an alternative method to measure whole diet and its relationship with health outcomes. Therefore, we aimed to systematically review all evidence relating to dietary pattern impacts on falls and/or falls risk in adults.

Recent findings: This systematic review was registered on the PROSPERO (CRD42020171987). Four databases (Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, CINAHL Complete) were used for searching potential articles on 18th December 2021 and updated the search on 10th July 2023. We included any quantitative study reporting associations between dietary patterns and falls and/or falls risk in healthy adults ≥ 18 years and publishing in English as full text and peer-reviewed. Of 2866 potential articles, five studies (two cross-sectional, three cohorts) were included for the evidence synthesis. The risk of bias was low in cohort studies. Dietary patterns were derived using both "a priori" or "empirical" approaches, and self-report questionnaires used for falls/falls risk in most studies. Associations between dietary patterns and falls/falls risk were inconsistent results by sex and study design. The effect of dietary patterns on reducing falls/falls risk is not clear in the included studies, so this association needs to be confirmed in future research.

审查目的:跌倒是一个重大的全球性公共卫生问题,也是意外伤害死亡的第二大原因。营养可能是预防成人跌倒的一个重要因素,但以往的大多数研究都是研究单一营养素与跌倒之间的关系。使用膳食模式是衡量整个膳食及其与健康结果关系的另一种方法。因此,我们旨在系统回顾与膳食模式对成人跌倒和/或跌倒风险的影响有关的所有证据:本系统综述已在 PROSPERO(CRD42020171987)上注册。2021 年 12 月 18 日,我们使用四个数据库(Medline、Embase、Cochrane Library、CINAHL Complete)搜索潜在文章,并于 2023 年 7 月 10 日更新了搜索结果。我们纳入了所有报道膳食模式与跌倒和/或跌倒风险之间关系的定量研究,研究对象为年龄≥ 18 岁的健康成年人,研究报告以英文全文发表,并经过同行评审。在 2866 篇潜在文章中,有 5 项研究(2 项横断面研究,3 项队列研究)被纳入证据综述。队列研究的偏倚风险较低。膳食模式是通过 "先验 "或 "经验 "方法得出的,大多数研究使用自我报告问卷调查跌倒/坠落风险。膳食模式与跌倒/坠落风险之间的关系因性别和研究设计的不同而结果不一致。在纳入的研究中,膳食模式对降低跌倒/坠落风险的效果并不明确,因此这种关联需要在未来的研究中加以证实。
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引用次数: 0
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