Purpose of review: This review delves into the complex interplay between obesity-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis and the progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), highlighting the potential of natural products in mitigating these effects. By integrating recent epidemiological data, we aim to provide a nuanced understanding of how obesity exacerbates T2DM through gut flora alterations.
Recent findings: Advances in research have underscored the significance of bioactive ingredients in natural foods, capable of restoring gut microbiota balance, thus offering a promising approach to manage diabetes in the context of obesity. These findings build upon the traditional use of medicinal plants in diabetes treatment, suggesting a deeper exploration of their mechanisms of action. This comprehensive manuscript underscores the critical role of targeting gut microbiota dysbiosis in obesity-related T2DM management and by bridging traditional knowledge with current scientific evidence; we highlighted the need for continued research into natural products as a complementary strategy for comprehensive diabetes care.
{"title":"Gut Microbiota Targeted Approach by Natural Products in Diabetes Management: An Overview.","authors":"Priyanka Sati, Praveen Dhyani, Eshita Sharma, Dharam Chand Attri, Arvind Jantwal, Rajni Devi, Daniela Calina, Javad Sharifi-Rad","doi":"10.1007/s13668-024-00523-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13668-024-00523-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>This review delves into the complex interplay between obesity-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis and the progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), highlighting the potential of natural products in mitigating these effects. By integrating recent epidemiological data, we aim to provide a nuanced understanding of how obesity exacerbates T2DM through gut flora alterations.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Advances in research have underscored the significance of bioactive ingredients in natural foods, capable of restoring gut microbiota balance, thus offering a promising approach to manage diabetes in the context of obesity. These findings build upon the traditional use of medicinal plants in diabetes treatment, suggesting a deeper exploration of their mechanisms of action. This comprehensive manuscript underscores the critical role of targeting gut microbiota dysbiosis in obesity-related T2DM management and by bridging traditional knowledge with current scientific evidence; we highlighted the need for continued research into natural products as a complementary strategy for comprehensive diabetes care.</p>","PeriodicalId":10844,"journal":{"name":"Current Nutrition Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140157759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01Epub Date: 2024-03-30DOI: 10.1007/s13668-024-00533-z
Ariel Kraselnik
Purpose of review: Bone fractures can have a devastating effect on health, especially in the elderly, undermining their independence for daily activities, and increasing the risk of comorbidities and mortality. Nutrition is a key factor in maintaining an optimal bone health across the lifespan. The number of people that choose to avoid meat or even all animal products is increasing globally, for a diversity of reasons. Properly planned vegetarian and vegan diets are widely recognized as a healthy dietary pattern, but the long-term impact of these diets on bone health and more specifically risk of bone fractures is less clear. Classic studies have observed a slightly lower bone mineral density in vegetarians but have many limitations, including inadequate adjusting for relevant confounding factors, and cross-sectional design. The aim of this review is to summarize and put into context the current evidence on the effect of vegetarian and vegan diets on bone health, with a focus on fracture risk.
Recent findings: In recent years, results from many large prospective studies have emerged, which allowed us to assess the risk of incident bone fractures in vegetarians. In these studies, vegetarian and especially vegan diets were associated with an increased risk of bone fractures. In many recent prospective cohort studies, vegetarian and especially vegan diets were associated with an increased risk of bone fractures. At least part of this risk could be due to a lower body mass index and a lower intake of nutrients such as calcium, vitamin D, and protein. Some evidence suggests that combined vitamin D and calcium supplementation and other factors such as consumption of protein-rich foods may attenuate this risk. The eventual deleterious effect of vegetarian diets on bone health should be contextualized and balanced with its benefits, such as lower risk of cardiovascular disease and cancer.
审查目的：骨折会对健康造成破坏性影响，尤其是对老年人而言，会削弱他们进行日常活动的独立性，并增加合并症和死亡的风险。营养是维持整个生命周期最佳骨骼健康的关键因素。出于各种原因，全球选择不吃肉类甚至不吃所有动物产品的人越来越多。适当规划的素食和纯素饮食被广泛认为是一种健康的饮食模式，但这些饮食对骨骼健康的长期影响，更具体地说是对骨折风险的影响，却不太清楚。经典研究发现，素食者的骨矿物质密度略低，但这些研究存在许多局限性，包括对相关混杂因素的调整不足以及横断面设计。本综述旨在总结和归纳目前有关素食和纯素饮食对骨骼健康影响的证据，重点关注骨折风险：近年来，许多大型前瞻性研究的结果使我们能够评估素食者发生骨折的风险。在这些研究中，素食尤其是纯素饮食与骨折风险增加有关。在最近的许多前瞻性队列研究中，素食尤其是纯素饮食与骨折风险增加有关。这种风险至少有一部分可能是由于体重指数较低以及钙、维生素 D 和蛋白质等营养素的摄入量较少造成的。一些证据表明，同时补充维生素 D 和钙以及食用富含蛋白质的食物等其他因素可能会降低这种风险。素食最终对骨骼健康造成的有害影响应与素食的益处（如降低罹患心血管疾病和癌症的风险）相联系和平衡。
{"title":"Risk of Bone Fracture on Vegetarian and Vegan Diets.","authors":"Ariel Kraselnik","doi":"10.1007/s13668-024-00533-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13668-024-00533-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Bone fractures can have a devastating effect on health, especially in the elderly, undermining their independence for daily activities, and increasing the risk of comorbidities and mortality. Nutrition is a key factor in maintaining an optimal bone health across the lifespan. The number of people that choose to avoid meat or even all animal products is increasing globally, for a diversity of reasons. Properly planned vegetarian and vegan diets are widely recognized as a healthy dietary pattern, but the long-term impact of these diets on bone health and more specifically risk of bone fractures is less clear. Classic studies have observed a slightly lower bone mineral density in vegetarians but have many limitations, including inadequate adjusting for relevant confounding factors, and cross-sectional design. The aim of this review is to summarize and put into context the current evidence on the effect of vegetarian and vegan diets on bone health, with a focus on fracture risk.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>In recent years, results from many large prospective studies have emerged, which allowed us to assess the risk of incident bone fractures in vegetarians. In these studies, vegetarian and especially vegan diets were associated with an increased risk of bone fractures. In many recent prospective cohort studies, vegetarian and especially vegan diets were associated with an increased risk of bone fractures. At least part of this risk could be due to a lower body mass index and a lower intake of nutrients such as calcium, vitamin D, and protein. Some evidence suggests that combined vitamin D and calcium supplementation and other factors such as consumption of protein-rich foods may attenuate this risk. The eventual deleterious effect of vegetarian diets on bone health should be contextualized and balanced with its benefits, such as lower risk of cardiovascular disease and cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":10844,"journal":{"name":"Current Nutrition Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140329662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-24DOI: 10.1007/s13668-024-00531-1
Seyed Sadeq Mousavi Ghahfarrokhi, Mohamadsadegh Mohamadzadeh, N. Samadi, Mohammad Reza Fazeli, Sara Khaki, B. Khameneh, Ramin Khameneh Bagheri
{"title":"Management of Cardiovascular Diseases by Short-Chain Fatty Acid Postbiotics.","authors":"Seyed Sadeq Mousavi Ghahfarrokhi, Mohamadsadegh Mohamadzadeh, N. Samadi, Mohammad Reza Fazeli, Sara Khaki, B. Khameneh, Ramin Khameneh Bagheri","doi":"10.1007/s13668-024-00531-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13668-024-00531-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10844,"journal":{"name":"Current Nutrition Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140664955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-23DOI: 10.1007/s13668-024-00539-7
Şerife Ayten, S. Bilici
{"title":"Modulation of Gut Microbiota Through Dietary Intervention in Neuroinflammation and Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Diseases.","authors":"Şerife Ayten, S. Bilici","doi":"10.1007/s13668-024-00539-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13668-024-00539-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10844,"journal":{"name":"Current Nutrition Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140671903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-16DOI: 10.1007/s13668-024-00540-0
A. Reguant-Closa, Dario Pedolin, Moritz Herrmann, Thomas Nemecek
{"title":"Review of Diet Quality Indices that can be Applied to the Environmental Assessment of Foods and Diets.","authors":"A. Reguant-Closa, Dario Pedolin, Moritz Herrmann, Thomas Nemecek","doi":"10.1007/s13668-024-00540-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13668-024-00540-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10844,"journal":{"name":"Current Nutrition Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140698318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-16DOI: 10.1007/s13668-024-00532-0
Bernardita Sepúlveda, Andrea Marín, Raquel Burrows, Alejandro Sepúlveda, Rodrigo Chamorro
{"title":"It's About Timing: Contrasting the Metabolic Effects of Early vs. Late Time-Restricted Eating in Humans.","authors":"Bernardita Sepúlveda, Andrea Marín, Raquel Burrows, Alejandro Sepúlveda, Rodrigo Chamorro","doi":"10.1007/s13668-024-00532-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13668-024-00532-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10844,"journal":{"name":"Current Nutrition Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140696054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-10DOI: 10.1007/s13668-024-00537-9
Khushal B Girigosavi, Indu Etta, Saisravika Kambham, B. Panjiyar
{"title":"Sweet Surprises: An In-depth Systematic Review of Artificial Sweeteners and Their Association with Cerebrovascular Accidents.","authors":"Khushal B Girigosavi, Indu Etta, Saisravika Kambham, B. Panjiyar","doi":"10.1007/s13668-024-00537-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13668-024-00537-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10844,"journal":{"name":"Current Nutrition Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140720421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-08DOI: 10.1007/s13668-024-00535-x
L. Alvarenga, J. Kemp, B. Baptista, M. Ribeiro, L. S. Lima, Denise Mafra
{"title":"Production of Toxins by the Gut Microbiota: The Role of Dietary Protein.","authors":"L. Alvarenga, J. Kemp, B. Baptista, M. Ribeiro, L. S. Lima, Denise Mafra","doi":"10.1007/s13668-024-00535-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13668-024-00535-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10844,"journal":{"name":"Current Nutrition Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140731153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-08DOI: 10.1007/s13668-024-00536-w
S. Sankararaman, Carla Venegas, Sonia Seth, S. Palchaudhuri
{"title":"\"Feed a Cold, Starve a Fever?\" A Review of Nutritional Strategies in the Setting of Bacterial Versus Viral Infections.","authors":"S. Sankararaman, Carla Venegas, Sonia Seth, S. Palchaudhuri","doi":"10.1007/s13668-024-00536-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13668-024-00536-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10844,"journal":{"name":"Current Nutrition Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140731380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-05DOI: 10.1007/s13668-024-00530-2
Luana Alberti Noronha, Camila Tureck, Vânia Zanella Pinto, E. A. Koehnlein
{"title":"Dietary Polyphenols: What is the Estimated Intake in Population Studies With Adults and Elderly People?","authors":"Luana Alberti Noronha, Camila Tureck, Vânia Zanella Pinto, E. A. Koehnlein","doi":"10.1007/s13668-024-00530-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13668-024-00530-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10844,"journal":{"name":"Current Nutrition Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140738832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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