Pub Date : 2024-03-19DOI: 10.2174/0113852728300880240223063813
Bubun Banerjee, Manmeet Kaur, Anu Priya, Aditi Sharma, Arvind Singh
: During the last two decades, non-conventional solvents, especially various ionic liquids, have been utilized as efficient reaction media as they can play a dual role as solvents and promoters. The use of ionic liquids as a medium increases the efficiency of the reactions due to their inherent features like high thermal stability, ability to act as a catalyst, non-volatility, high polarity, reusability, ability to dissolve a large number of organic and inorganic compounds, etc. Under this direction, various structurally diverse ionic liquids have been employed as efficient reaction media for various organic transformations. On the other hand, among many other important synthetic scaffolds, during the last two decades, the synthesis of pyrans, pyran-annulated heterocyclic scaffolds, and spiropyrans have gained huge attention as they possess a wide range of significant biological efficacies, which include antibacterial, anticancer, antimycobacterial, antioxidant, xanthine oxidase inhibitory, etc. activities. Almost every day, many new methods are being added to the literature related to synthesizing pyrans, pyran-annulated heterocyclic scaffolds, and spiropyrans. Among many other alternatives, various ionic liquids have also played an efficient role as promoters for synthesizing structurally diverse pyrans, pyranannulated heterocyclic scaffolds, and spiropyrans. In this review, we have summarized a large number of literature reported during the last two decades related to the ionic liquid-promoted synthesis of pyrans, pyranannulated heterocyclic scaffolds, and spiropyran derivatives.
{"title":"Ionic Liquid-promoted the Synthesis of Structurally Diverse Pyrans, Pyranannulated Heterocycles, and Spiropyrans","authors":"Bubun Banerjee, Manmeet Kaur, Anu Priya, Aditi Sharma, Arvind Singh","doi":"10.2174/0113852728300880240223063813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113852728300880240223063813","url":null,"abstract":": During the last two decades, non-conventional solvents, especially various ionic liquids, have been utilized as efficient reaction media as they can play a dual role as solvents and promoters. The use of ionic liquids as a medium increases the efficiency of the reactions due to their inherent features like high thermal stability, ability to act as a catalyst, non-volatility, high polarity, reusability, ability to dissolve a large number of organic and inorganic compounds, etc. Under this direction, various structurally diverse ionic liquids have been employed as efficient reaction media for various organic transformations. On the other hand, among many other important synthetic scaffolds, during the last two decades, the synthesis of pyrans, pyran-annulated heterocyclic scaffolds, and spiropyrans have gained huge attention as they possess a wide range of significant biological efficacies, which include antibacterial, anticancer, antimycobacterial, antioxidant, xanthine oxidase inhibitory, etc. activities. Almost every day, many new methods are being added to the literature related to synthesizing pyrans, pyran-annulated heterocyclic scaffolds, and spiropyrans. Among many other alternatives, various ionic liquids have also played an efficient role as promoters for synthesizing structurally diverse pyrans, pyranannulated heterocyclic scaffolds, and spiropyrans. In this review, we have summarized a large number of literature reported during the last two decades related to the ionic liquid-promoted synthesis of pyrans, pyranannulated heterocyclic scaffolds, and spiropyran derivatives.","PeriodicalId":10926,"journal":{"name":"Current Organic Chemistry","volume":"103 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140166981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-19DOI: 10.2174/0113852728298168240222114449
Seyed Morteza Naghib, Morteza Zarrineh, M. R. Mozafari
: 3D bioprinting is a novel technology that has gained significant attention recently due to its potential applications in developing simultaneously controlled drug delivery systems (DDSs) for administering several active substances, such as growth factors, proteins, and drug molecules. This technology provides high reproducibility and precise control over the fabricated constructs in an automated way. Chitosan is a naturalderived polysaccharide from chitin, found in the exoskeletons of crustaceans such as shrimp and crabs. Chitosan- based implants can be prepared using 3D bioprinting technology by depositing successive layers of chitosan- based bioink containing living cells and other biomaterials. The resulting implants can be designed to release drugs at a controlled rate over an extended period. The use of chitosan-based implants for drug delivery has several advantages over conventional drug delivery systems. Chitosan is biodegradable and biocompatible, so it can be safely used in vivo without causing any adverse effects. It is also non-immunogenic, meaning it does not elicit an immune response when implanted in vivo. Chitosan-based implants are also costeffective and can be prepared using simple techniques. 3D bioprinting is an emerging technology that has revolutionized the field of tissue engineering by enabling the fabrication of complex 3D structures with high precision and accuracy. It involves using computer-aided design (CAD) software to create a digital model of the desired structure, which is then translated into a physical object using a 3D printer. The printer deposits successive layers of bioink, which contains living cells and other biomaterials, to create a 3D structure that mimics the native tissue. One of the most promising applications of 3D bioprinting is developing drug delivery systems (DDSs) to administer several active substances, such as growth factors, proteins, and drug molecules. DDSs are designed to release drugs at a controlled rate over an extended period, which can improve therapeutic efficacy and reduce side effects. Chitosan-based implants have emerged as a promising candidate for DDSs due to their attractive properties, such as biodegradability, biocompatibility, low cost, and nonimmunogenicity. 3D bioprinting technology has emerged as a powerful tool for developing simultaneously controlled DDSs for administering several active substances. The rationale behind integrating 3D printing technology with chitosan-based scaffolds for drug delivery lies in the ability to produce customized, biocompatible, and precisely designed systems that enable targeted and controlled drug release. This novel methodology shows potential for advancing individualized healthcare, regenerative treatments, and the creation of cutting- edge drug delivery systems. This review highlights the potential applications of 3D bioprinting technology for preparing chitosan-based implants for drug delivery.
{"title":"3D Printing Chitosan-based Nanobiomaterials for Biomedicine and Drug Delivery: Recent Advances on the Promising Bioactive Agents and Technologies","authors":"Seyed Morteza Naghib, Morteza Zarrineh, M. R. Mozafari","doi":"10.2174/0113852728298168240222114449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113852728298168240222114449","url":null,"abstract":": 3D bioprinting is a novel technology that has gained significant attention recently due to its potential applications in developing simultaneously controlled drug delivery systems (DDSs) for administering several active substances, such as growth factors, proteins, and drug molecules. This technology provides high reproducibility and precise control over the fabricated constructs in an automated way. Chitosan is a naturalderived polysaccharide from chitin, found in the exoskeletons of crustaceans such as shrimp and crabs. Chitosan- based implants can be prepared using 3D bioprinting technology by depositing successive layers of chitosan- based bioink containing living cells and other biomaterials. The resulting implants can be designed to release drugs at a controlled rate over an extended period. The use of chitosan-based implants for drug delivery has several advantages over conventional drug delivery systems. Chitosan is biodegradable and biocompatible, so it can be safely used in vivo without causing any adverse effects. It is also non-immunogenic, meaning it does not elicit an immune response when implanted in vivo. Chitosan-based implants are also costeffective and can be prepared using simple techniques. 3D bioprinting is an emerging technology that has revolutionized the field of tissue engineering by enabling the fabrication of complex 3D structures with high precision and accuracy. It involves using computer-aided design (CAD) software to create a digital model of the desired structure, which is then translated into a physical object using a 3D printer. The printer deposits successive layers of bioink, which contains living cells and other biomaterials, to create a 3D structure that mimics the native tissue. One of the most promising applications of 3D bioprinting is developing drug delivery systems (DDSs) to administer several active substances, such as growth factors, proteins, and drug molecules. DDSs are designed to release drugs at a controlled rate over an extended period, which can improve therapeutic efficacy and reduce side effects. Chitosan-based implants have emerged as a promising candidate for DDSs due to their attractive properties, such as biodegradability, biocompatibility, low cost, and nonimmunogenicity. 3D bioprinting technology has emerged as a powerful tool for developing simultaneously controlled DDSs for administering several active substances. The rationale behind integrating 3D printing technology with chitosan-based scaffolds for drug delivery lies in the ability to produce customized, biocompatible, and precisely designed systems that enable targeted and controlled drug release. This novel methodology shows potential for advancing individualized healthcare, regenerative treatments, and the creation of cutting- edge drug delivery systems. This review highlights the potential applications of 3D bioprinting technology for preparing chitosan-based implants for drug delivery.","PeriodicalId":10926,"journal":{"name":"Current Organic Chemistry","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140166880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: This study aimed to describe the preparation of novel PEPPSI type Pd(II)-NHC complexes bearing N-benzyladamantyl substituted imidazolidin-2-ylidene group. All synthesized compounds were characterized by using 1 H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectroscopies, FTIR, and elemental analysis techniques. One of the objectives of this study was the synthesis of Pd-NHC complexes with AChE/BChE inhibition activities. Among all the tested compounds, complexes 4b and 4c were found to have the most high potential AChE and BChE inhibitory activities with IC50 values of 21.57 ± 0.23 Mm and 15.78 ± 0.39 Mm, respectively. Conducting molecular docking studies helped us in gathering crucial information about the main binding interactions of inhibitors and enzymes, and the results were in agreement with the biological evaluation. The synthesized Pd-NHC complexes were employed for catalyzing the direct C2- and C5-arylation reaction between aryl (hetero) halide and a variety of heterocyclic systems. In both cases (C2 and C5-arylation), Pd-NHC complexes catalysts provided access to the arylated heterocycles in good to high yields in the presence of 1 mol% catalyst loading at 150 °C. The DFT theoretical investigation showed that the Pd-NHC complexes were of ML2X2 type, where the the Pd(II) cation had a square planar geometry. The interaction energies obtained by energy decomposition analysis (EDA) demonstrated that the 4d and 4e complexes were more stable in the presence of more methyl substituents. The chemical indicators demonstrated that the less stable 4c complex was more reactive in regard to the chemical hardness, chemical potential, and electrophilicity values.
{"title":"Synthesis, Molecular Docking, Anti-cholinesterase Activity, Theoretical Investigation, and Catalytic Effect of New Encumbered N-benzyladamantyl Substituted Imidazolidin-2-ylidene Carbene Pd-PEPPSI Complexes","authors":"Sofiane ikhlef, Sarra Lasmari, Saber Mustapha Zendaoui, El Hassen Mokrani, Dahmane Tebbani, Nevin Gürbüz, Chawki Bensouici, Raouf Boulcina, Bachir Zouchoune, Ismail Özdemir","doi":"10.2174/0113852728289791240222054306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113852728289791240222054306","url":null,"abstract":": This study aimed to describe the preparation of novel PEPPSI type Pd(II)-NHC complexes bearing N-benzyladamantyl substituted imidazolidin-2-ylidene group. All synthesized compounds were characterized by using 1 H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectroscopies, FTIR, and elemental analysis techniques. One of the objectives of this study was the synthesis of Pd-NHC complexes with AChE/BChE inhibition activities. Among all the tested compounds, complexes 4b and 4c were found to have the most high potential AChE and BChE inhibitory activities with IC50 values of 21.57 ± 0.23 Mm and 15.78 ± 0.39 Mm, respectively. Conducting molecular docking studies helped us in gathering crucial information about the main binding interactions of inhibitors and enzymes, and the results were in agreement with the biological evaluation. The synthesized Pd-NHC complexes were employed for catalyzing the direct C2- and C5-arylation reaction between aryl (hetero) halide and a variety of heterocyclic systems. In both cases (C2 and C5-arylation), Pd-NHC complexes catalysts provided access to the arylated heterocycles in good to high yields in the presence of 1 mol% catalyst loading at 150 °C. The DFT theoretical investigation showed that the Pd-NHC complexes were of ML2X2 type, where the the Pd(II) cation had a square planar geometry. The interaction energies obtained by energy decomposition analysis (EDA) demonstrated that the 4d and 4e complexes were more stable in the presence of more methyl substituents. The chemical indicators demonstrated that the less stable 4c complex was more reactive in regard to the chemical hardness, chemical potential, and electrophilicity values.","PeriodicalId":10926,"journal":{"name":"Current Organic Chemistry","volume":"152 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140166876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: In this study, magnetic hercynite nanoparticles (FeAl2O4, MNPs) were functionalized by cheap and readily available tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (Tris) as an organocatalyst. Various techniques, including Vibrating Sample Magnetometry (VSM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TG) were employed to determine the morphology, particle size, physical properties, and magnetic properties of the nanoparticles. Additionally, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) techniques were used to investigate the presence of the functional group. The activity of this new catalyst as a magnetically recoverable nanocatalyst was investigated in the synthesis of oxygen and nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds. Pyranoprazole and 2-amino-4Hbenzo[ b]pyrans compounds were synthesized with high efficiency in a short time. FeAl2O4@SiO2@Tris can be separated using magnetic attraction and reused up to 5 consecutive times without a significant decrease in the yield of target products or catalytic activity.
{"title":"One-Pot Multicomponent Synthesis of Pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole and 2-Amino-4Hbenzo[ b]pyrans Catalyzed by Hercynite@SiO2@Tris as Novel and Efficient Nanocatalyst","authors":"Shima Beiranvand, Masoomeh Norouzi, Bahman Tahmasbi","doi":"10.2174/0113852728270373240222095835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113852728270373240222095835","url":null,"abstract":": In this study, magnetic hercynite nanoparticles (FeAl2O4, MNPs) were functionalized by cheap and readily available tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (Tris) as an organocatalyst. Various techniques, including Vibrating Sample Magnetometry (VSM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TG) were employed to determine the morphology, particle size, physical properties, and magnetic properties of the nanoparticles. Additionally, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) techniques were used to investigate the presence of the functional group. The activity of this new catalyst as a magnetically recoverable nanocatalyst was investigated in the synthesis of oxygen and nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds. Pyranoprazole and 2-amino-4Hbenzo[ b]pyrans compounds were synthesized with high efficiency in a short time. FeAl2O4@SiO2@Tris can be separated using magnetic attraction and reused up to 5 consecutive times without a significant decrease in the yield of target products or catalytic activity.","PeriodicalId":10926,"journal":{"name":"Current Organic Chemistry","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140166875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-19DOI: 10.2174/0113852728295534240223044735
Flavia Martins da Silva, Joel Jones Junior, July A. Hernández Muñoz
: The reactivity of aldehydes and ketones carries great potential for multicomponent heterocyclizations. These reactions are convergent and highly versatile in the development of synthetic methodologies for compound families, displaying variations in substituents in their structures. Therefore, they have been regarded as an important tool in the field of Green Chemistry. Furthermore, they prove to be very useful in studies of biological activity, where small structural modifications can result in significant differences. Many heterocyclizations date back to the mid-19th and early 20th centuries. In this review, we aim to demonstrate, through some of these reactions, their continuously growing potential and improvements concerning synthetic development. Additionally, we present the original studies as reported, enabling us to appreciate the evolution of chemical representations over the years until reaching the standardization we have today.
{"title":"The Chemistry of Aldehydes and Ketones in the Synthesis of Heterocycles - Historical Reactions with a New and Green Perspective","authors":"Flavia Martins da Silva, Joel Jones Junior, July A. Hernández Muñoz","doi":"10.2174/0113852728295534240223044735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113852728295534240223044735","url":null,"abstract":": The reactivity of aldehydes and ketones carries great potential for multicomponent heterocyclizations. These reactions are convergent and highly versatile in the development of synthetic methodologies for compound families, displaying variations in substituents in their structures. Therefore, they have been regarded as an important tool in the field of Green Chemistry. Furthermore, they prove to be very useful in studies of biological activity, where small structural modifications can result in significant differences. Many heterocyclizations date back to the mid-19th and early 20th centuries. In this review, we aim to demonstrate, through some of these reactions, their continuously growing potential and improvements concerning synthetic development. Additionally, we present the original studies as reported, enabling us to appreciate the evolution of chemical representations over the years until reaching the standardization we have today.","PeriodicalId":10926,"journal":{"name":"Current Organic Chemistry","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140166861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-15DOI: 10.2174/0113852728290175240213050011
Shulei Wu, Qianqian Lei, Zaoduan Wu, Huifang Xie, Chen Zhang, Yu Ye, Meiling Yi, Mingsheng Chen, Hao Xu, Zehua Yang
:: This study aims to develop a practical and facile one-pot synthesis of 2- substituted quinazolines. Using a commercially available and structurally simple ruthenium( II) complex as the catalyst to synthesize a series of quinazoline derivatives via acceptorless dehydrogenative coupling. The mechanism of this reaction was explored by control reaction and DFT calculation. This protocol offers access to a diverse array of quinazoline derivatives (52 examples) in moderate to excellent yields (29%-98%). In summary, we have developed an efficient one-pot ruthenium (II)-catalyzed ADC synthesis of quinazoline under an air atmosphere. The reaction only produces hydrogen and water as by-products, serving as a sustainable and atom-efficient synthetic approach.
{"title":"Facile Synthesis of 2-Substituted Quinazolines via Ruthenium(II)-Catalyzed Acceptorless Dehydrogenative Coupling","authors":"Shulei Wu, Qianqian Lei, Zaoduan Wu, Huifang Xie, Chen Zhang, Yu Ye, Meiling Yi, Mingsheng Chen, Hao Xu, Zehua Yang","doi":"10.2174/0113852728290175240213050011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113852728290175240213050011","url":null,"abstract":":: This study aims to develop a practical and facile one-pot synthesis of 2- substituted quinazolines. Using a commercially available and structurally simple ruthenium( II) complex as the catalyst to synthesize a series of quinazoline derivatives via acceptorless dehydrogenative coupling. The mechanism of this reaction was explored by control reaction and DFT calculation. This protocol offers access to a diverse array of quinazoline derivatives (52 examples) in moderate to excellent yields (29%-98%). In summary, we have developed an efficient one-pot ruthenium (II)-catalyzed ADC synthesis of quinazoline under an air atmosphere. The reaction only produces hydrogen and water as by-products, serving as a sustainable and atom-efficient synthetic approach.","PeriodicalId":10926,"journal":{"name":"Current Organic Chemistry","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140146814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-14DOI: 10.2174/0113852728296345240215111730
Ravi Varala, Vittal Seema, Mohammed Amanullah, S. Ramanaiah, Mohammed Mujahid Allam
: Among the several peroxides available, meta-chloroperbenzoic acid (mCPBA) plays an efficient role of oxidizing reagent and is used for many oxidative transformations, such as oxidation of various functional groups, carbon-carbon, carbon-hetero bond formation, heterocyclic ring formation, heteroarylation, oxidative cross-coupling, lactonization, oxidative dearomatization, α-oxytosylation or α-acetoxylation, oxidative C-C bond activation and in other miscellaneous reactions. The purpose of this review is to critically discuss the significant contributions of mCPBA along with hypervalent iodine/iodine reagents in organic synthesis from mid-2015 to date.
{"title":"Recent Advances in Hypervalent Iodine Reagents and m-CPBA Mediated Oxidative Transformations","authors":"Ravi Varala, Vittal Seema, Mohammed Amanullah, S. Ramanaiah, Mohammed Mujahid Allam","doi":"10.2174/0113852728296345240215111730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113852728296345240215111730","url":null,"abstract":": Among the several peroxides available, meta-chloroperbenzoic acid (mCPBA) plays an efficient role of oxidizing reagent and is used for many oxidative transformations, such as oxidation of various functional groups, carbon-carbon, carbon-hetero bond formation, heterocyclic ring formation, heteroarylation, oxidative cross-coupling, lactonization, oxidative dearomatization, α-oxytosylation or α-acetoxylation, oxidative C-C bond activation and in other miscellaneous reactions. The purpose of this review is to critically discuss the significant contributions of mCPBA along with hypervalent iodine/iodine reagents in organic synthesis from mid-2015 to date.","PeriodicalId":10926,"journal":{"name":"Current Organic Chemistry","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140146911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-14DOI: 10.2174/0113852728290284240116042129
Kobra Nikoofar, Negin Shaddel, Fatemehsadat Jozi
: This review article discusses the applications of zirconia as a catalyst to promote various organic reactions and transformations. The article is subdivided into four main parts: 1) introduction, which consists of the history and introduction of zirconia, elaboration of its synthetic procedures, its application in various fields of science and technology with specified examples, and previously published review articles on ZrO2; 2) applications of sole zirconia and zirconia-based catalytic systems to promote various organic transformations, subdivided into oxidation reactions, hydrolysis and methanation reactions, reduction and hydrogenation reactions, furfural and synthesis of its derivatives, and miscellaneous reactions; 3) applications of sole zirconia and nanosized ZrO2 to catalyze organic reactions and MCRs, classified as two-component reactions, three-component reactions (by a glance at pseudo 3-CRs), and four-component reactions (by a glance at pseudo 4-CRs); and 4) applications of zirconia-containing catalytic systems to catalyze organic transformations and MCRs classified as two-component reactions, three-component reactions, and four-component and higher-component reactions. According to investigations, some of the zirconia-based catalysts exist in nano-sized systems. Moreover, the literature survey contains publications up to the end of July 2023.
{"title":"Investigation of the Role of Zirconia and Zirconia-containing Systems as Catalysts in Organic Transformations","authors":"Kobra Nikoofar, Negin Shaddel, Fatemehsadat Jozi","doi":"10.2174/0113852728290284240116042129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113852728290284240116042129","url":null,"abstract":": This review article discusses the applications of zirconia as a catalyst to promote various organic reactions and transformations. The article is subdivided into four main parts: 1) introduction, which consists of the history and introduction of zirconia, elaboration of its synthetic procedures, its application in various fields of science and technology with specified examples, and previously published review articles on ZrO2; 2) applications of sole zirconia and zirconia-based catalytic systems to promote various organic transformations, subdivided into oxidation reactions, hydrolysis and methanation reactions, reduction and hydrogenation reactions, furfural and synthesis of its derivatives, and miscellaneous reactions; 3) applications of sole zirconia and nanosized ZrO2 to catalyze organic reactions and MCRs, classified as two-component reactions, three-component reactions (by a glance at pseudo 3-CRs), and four-component reactions (by a glance at pseudo 4-CRs); and 4) applications of zirconia-containing catalytic systems to catalyze organic transformations and MCRs classified as two-component reactions, three-component reactions, and four-component and higher-component reactions. According to investigations, some of the zirconia-based catalysts exist in nano-sized systems. Moreover, the literature survey contains publications up to the end of July 2023.","PeriodicalId":10926,"journal":{"name":"Current Organic Chemistry","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140146818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background:: Sulfonamide, imidazole, and triazole chemical nuclei possess good antimicrobial potential. Aims:: This study aimed to amalgamate sulfonamide, imidazole, and triazole moieties in a single molecular framework with the intent of improving their antimicrobial activities. Objective:: The objective of this study was the synthesis of conjugates containing sulfonamide and azole moieties along with in vitro and in silico evaluation as antimicrobial candidates. Method:: A series of sulfonamide-modified azoles (7a-r) was synthesized by multicomponent condensation of 1,2-dicarbonyl compounds, ammonium acetate and aryl-substituted aldehydes in glacial acetic acid. The structure of synthesized molecules was elucidated with the help of various spectroscopic techniques, such as FTIR, NMR, and HRMS. The target molecules were tested for in vitro antimicrobial potency against four bacterial strains and two fungal strains. Result:: Molecules 7c (MIC 0.0188 μmol/mL), 7f (MIC 0.0170 μmol/mL) and 7i (MIC 0.0181 μmol/mL) were most active against S. aureus and C. albicans. Against E. coli, molecules 7d (MIC 0.0179 μmol/mL), 7f (MIC 0.0170 μmol/mL) and 7i (MIC 0.0181 μmol/mL) were found to be highly active. Moreover, the binding conformations were investigated by in-silico molecular docking, and QTAIM (Quantitative theory of atoms in the molecule) analysis was also performed. Molecular properties, such as the heat of formation, HOMO energy, LUMO energy and COSMO volume, were found to be in direct correlation with the antimicrobial potency of molecules 7c, 7f and 7i against S. aureus and C. albicans. Conclusion:: All the synthesized molecules were more potent than clinically approved sulfonamides, namely sulfadiazine and sulfabenzamide.
{"title":"Design, Synthesis, and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Novel Sulfonamide Modified with Azoles","authors":"Pratibha Periwal, Ashwani Kumar, Vikas Verma, Devinder Kumar, Mahavir Parshad, Meenakshi Bhatia, Sourbh Thakur","doi":"10.2174/0113852728296342240216074100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113852728296342240216074100","url":null,"abstract":"Background:: Sulfonamide, imidazole, and triazole chemical nuclei possess good antimicrobial potential. Aims:: This study aimed to amalgamate sulfonamide, imidazole, and triazole moieties in a single molecular framework with the intent of improving their antimicrobial activities. Objective:: The objective of this study was the synthesis of conjugates containing sulfonamide and azole moieties along with in vitro and in silico evaluation as antimicrobial candidates. Method:: A series of sulfonamide-modified azoles (7a-r) was synthesized by multicomponent condensation of 1,2-dicarbonyl compounds, ammonium acetate and aryl-substituted aldehydes in glacial acetic acid. The structure of synthesized molecules was elucidated with the help of various spectroscopic techniques, such as FTIR, NMR, and HRMS. The target molecules were tested for in vitro antimicrobial potency against four bacterial strains and two fungal strains. Result:: Molecules 7c (MIC 0.0188 μmol/mL), 7f (MIC 0.0170 μmol/mL) and 7i (MIC 0.0181 μmol/mL) were most active against S. aureus and C. albicans. Against E. coli, molecules 7d (MIC 0.0179 μmol/mL), 7f (MIC 0.0170 μmol/mL) and 7i (MIC 0.0181 μmol/mL) were found to be highly active. Moreover, the binding conformations were investigated by in-silico molecular docking, and QTAIM (Quantitative theory of atoms in the molecule) analysis was also performed. Molecular properties, such as the heat of formation, HOMO energy, LUMO energy and COSMO volume, were found to be in direct correlation with the antimicrobial potency of molecules 7c, 7f and 7i against S. aureus and C. albicans. Conclusion:: All the synthesized molecules were more potent than clinically approved sulfonamides, namely sulfadiazine and sulfabenzamide.","PeriodicalId":10926,"journal":{"name":"Current Organic Chemistry","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140146813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-14DOI: 10.2174/0113852728296565240221082253
Ashok Raj Patel, Ishwar Patel, Subhash Banerjee
: Amines are “derivatives of ammonia” and important key intermediates for applications in the industrial, pharmaceutical, electronics, etc. They have been used to synthesize industrially important azo dyes, which are used to color various materials. Moreover, amine functionality is present in several important biological molecules. Biogenic amines are found in living organisms and play essential physiological functions in the body. They are prepared from the amination and transamination reaction of carbonyl compounds such as aldehydes and ketones and the decarboxylation reaction of amino acids. Thus, the various applications and requirements of essential amine scaffolds paid attention to researchers to develop novel synthetic protocols to synthesize these compounds. In organic chemistry, various methods synthesize amines; however, green synthetic methods have recently become a trend. By writing this review, our main focus was to provide a brief on the importance of some biogenic amines and the synthesis of both amines via green synthetic methods.
{"title":"Importance and Green Synthesis of Amines: A Review","authors":"Ashok Raj Patel, Ishwar Patel, Subhash Banerjee","doi":"10.2174/0113852728296565240221082253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113852728296565240221082253","url":null,"abstract":": Amines are “derivatives of ammonia” and important key intermediates for applications in the industrial, pharmaceutical, electronics, etc. They have been used to synthesize industrially important azo dyes, which are used to color various materials. Moreover, amine functionality is present in several important biological molecules. Biogenic amines are found in living organisms and play essential physiological functions in the body. They are prepared from the amination and transamination reaction of carbonyl compounds such as aldehydes and ketones and the decarboxylation reaction of amino acids. Thus, the various applications and requirements of essential amine scaffolds paid attention to researchers to develop novel synthetic protocols to synthesize these compounds. In organic chemistry, various methods synthesize amines; however, green synthetic methods have recently become a trend. By writing this review, our main focus was to provide a brief on the importance of some biogenic amines and the synthesis of both amines via green synthetic methods.","PeriodicalId":10926,"journal":{"name":"Current Organic Chemistry","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140146910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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