Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.11138/PR/2013.2.1.027
F. Castrica
{"title":"The personal injury compensation in EU law: attempts to standardize the European discipline starting from Resolution 7-75 of the Council of Europe","authors":"F. Castrica","doi":"10.11138/PR/2013.2.1.027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11138/PR/2013.2.1.027","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":109386,"journal":{"name":"Prevention and Research","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122284276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.11138/PER/2015.5.1.001
G. Bertazzoni
Introduction: the Accident and Emergency Departments (A&E-D) are privileged eyewitnesses of the health needs of a population that resides or transits in a given area. Through the experience acquired in Rome’s Umberto 1° Policlinico’s A&E, we report the experience gained the study results of admissions of citizens from Bangladesh are re-
{"title":"The accident and emergency department as monitoring centre of human mobility: the Bangladesh experience","authors":"G. Bertazzoni","doi":"10.11138/PER/2015.5.1.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11138/PER/2015.5.1.001","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: the Accident and Emergency Departments (A&E-D) are privileged eyewitnesses of the health needs of a population that resides or transits in a given area. Through the experience acquired in Rome’s Umberto 1° Policlinico’s A&E, we report the experience gained the study results of admissions of citizens from Bangladesh are re-","PeriodicalId":109386,"journal":{"name":"Prevention and Research","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134359741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.11138/PER/2017.6.4.064
C. Pizzoni
{"title":"Chronic hematoma in the lumbar ligamentum flavum. Case report","authors":"C. Pizzoni","doi":"10.11138/PER/2017.6.4.064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11138/PER/2017.6.4.064","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":109386,"journal":{"name":"Prevention and Research","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130826501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.11138/PER/2014.3.2.071
M. Pellegrini
Background: the processing of pig heads is a processing high repetitive activity and at high risk of biomechanical overload of the upper limbs. Objectives: to assess the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders of the upper limbs and in particolar carpal tunnel in a group of workers assigned to pig head processing. Methods: a clinical investigation and assessment of occupational risk in a pig head processing company was carried out. Results: the clinical investigation showed the presence of carpal tunnel syndrome in 14 percent of cases. The ergonomic analysis of work showed an high risk for disorders of the upper limbs. Discussion: the results of ergonomic work analysis have shown the causal role played by risk factors including the repetitiveness, the use of force, the awkward postures and the absence of recovery time. Conclusions: the adoption of preventive solutions as a rational distribution of recoveries, the alternation of tasks, the use of knives of ergonomic type, have proven effective in reducing the risk of biomechanical overload of the upper limbs.
{"title":"Risk assessment of repetitive and strain movements of the upper limbs in a pig head processing company","authors":"M. Pellegrini","doi":"10.11138/PER/2014.3.2.071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11138/PER/2014.3.2.071","url":null,"abstract":"Background: the processing of pig heads is a processing high repetitive activity and at high risk of biomechanical overload of the upper limbs. Objectives: to assess the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders of the upper limbs and in particolar carpal tunnel in a group of workers assigned to pig head processing. Methods: a clinical investigation and assessment of occupational risk in a pig head processing company was carried out. Results: the clinical investigation showed the presence of carpal tunnel syndrome in 14 percent of cases. The ergonomic analysis of work showed an high risk for disorders of the upper limbs. Discussion: the results of ergonomic work analysis have shown the causal role played by risk factors including the repetitiveness, the use of force, the awkward postures and the absence of recovery time. Conclusions: the adoption of preventive solutions as a rational distribution of recoveries, the alternation of tasks, the use of knives of ergonomic type, have proven effective in reducing the risk of biomechanical overload of the upper limbs.","PeriodicalId":109386,"journal":{"name":"Prevention and Research","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114584902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.11138/PER/2016.5.2.066
G. Tomei
The studies on sexuality have been numerous over time, from the first analysis of the nineteenth century psychiatry to the accurate remarks of Michel Foucault. Psychoanalysis has taken much interest on sexuality, above all has tried to detect all forms of repression of libido society wielded on the individual since his early life. Following a period of repression of sexuality and of highly restrictive rules of conduct, according to many analysts including Herbert Marcuse, the Society has changed position on this topic adopting a whole new attitude, after 1968, more permissive and tolerant about the sexual practices of individuals. The scholar Michel Foucault has identified in the dichotomy between ‘alliance device’ and ‘sexuality device’ the evolution of the relationship of the social fabric with the sexuality. A relationship that form being highly prescriptive and limiting was becoming encouraging of the practices and of the general decriminalization, favoring a pervasive, imperceptible and invasive sexualization, for a hedonistic transformation of the existence based on consumption.
{"title":"From Sigmund Freud to Michel Foucault: a study on sexuality","authors":"G. Tomei","doi":"10.11138/PER/2016.5.2.066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11138/PER/2016.5.2.066","url":null,"abstract":"The studies on sexuality have been numerous over time, from the first analysis of the nineteenth century psychiatry to the accurate remarks of Michel Foucault. Psychoanalysis has taken much interest on sexuality, above all has tried to detect all forms of repression of libido society wielded on the individual since his early life. Following a period of repression of sexuality and of highly restrictive rules of conduct, according to many analysts including Herbert Marcuse, the Society has changed position on this topic adopting a whole new attitude, after 1968, more permissive and tolerant about the sexual practices of individuals. The scholar Michel Foucault has identified in the dichotomy between ‘alliance device’ and ‘sexuality device’ the evolution of the relationship of the social fabric with the sexuality. A relationship that form being highly prescriptive and limiting was becoming encouraging of the practices and of the general decriminalization, favoring a pervasive, imperceptible and invasive sexualization, for a hedonistic transformation of the existence based on consumption.","PeriodicalId":109386,"journal":{"name":"Prevention and Research","volume":"37 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123528858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.11138/PR/2013.2.4.155
P. Francesco
Background: at the time of the birth, a sex is assigned based on the examination of the external genitalia so that this sex is made to coincide with the biological sex. However, there are cases where the legal sex does not match with the real one or or does not match at a later time. Sometimes the psychological component differs from the biological one; in this case the multiple components of human sexuality (the phenotypic, genetic, psychological, social and cultural components) clearly emerge. If the chromosomal or phenotypic elements are privileged, there may be realities such as those associated with transsexualism likely to be denied and ignored. The issues relating to the rights of transsexuals have traditionally drawn the attention of scholars from various cultural backgrounds (physicians, psychologists, lawyers). The national and supranational measures aimed at protecting their rights have witnessed historical changes which have ended by depriving them of medical content to the detriment of a regulatory framework aimed at removing the discriminating factors. Objectives: the authors illustrate the actual innovations brought at a national and supranational level in the field of gender rectification by taking a quick look at the situation in Europe and in particular at the Italian, English and Spanish situations. Methods: the authors have analyzed Law no. 164 of April 14th 1982, and Legislative Decree No. 150 of September 1st, 2011, capturing their main points of innovation and focusing on the legal relevance of psychosocial conditions. They have also analyzed how transsexualism is configured in the European Parliament Resolution no. 1117, 12th September 1989, in the European Parliament Resolution of 28th September 2011 and in English and Spanish laws. Results/Discussion and Conclusions: the analysis shows that there are important differences in the European legislations as concerns the change of name following sex rectification, the institution of marriage, the need for a review by a panel of experts and whether or not to undergo surgery in order to obtain sex rectification. The Spanish and English laws do not require surgery; Italian law affirms the need for the presence of “modifications of sexual characteristics”: a general indication that could be considered as limited to secondary sexual characteristics and therefore sufficient to suggest a hormonal treatment in the absence of surgery. European legislations still have further important steps to take to meet the supranational demands and to protect the transsexual subjects in their entirety in view of empowering them to express their gender identity, which is an integral part of their personality, freedom and dignity, without the need to undergo medical or surgical treatments.
{"title":"Legal aspects of transsexualism: the italian scenario in comparison with other european countries","authors":"P. Francesco","doi":"10.11138/PR/2013.2.4.155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11138/PR/2013.2.4.155","url":null,"abstract":"Background: at the time of the birth, a sex is assigned based on the examination of the external genitalia so that this sex is made to coincide with the biological sex. However, there are cases where the legal sex does not match with the real one or or does not match at a later time. Sometimes the psychological component differs from the biological one; in this case the multiple components of human sexuality (the phenotypic, genetic, psychological, social and cultural components) clearly emerge. If the chromosomal or phenotypic elements are privileged, there may be realities such as those associated with transsexualism likely to be denied and ignored. The issues relating to the rights of transsexuals have traditionally drawn the attention of scholars from various cultural backgrounds (physicians, psychologists, lawyers). The national and supranational measures aimed at protecting their rights have witnessed historical changes which have ended by depriving them of medical content to the detriment of a regulatory framework aimed at removing the discriminating factors. Objectives: the authors illustrate the actual innovations brought at a national and supranational level in the field of gender rectification by taking a quick look at the situation in Europe and in particular at the Italian, English and Spanish situations. Methods: the authors have analyzed Law no. 164 of April 14th 1982, and Legislative Decree No. 150 of September 1st, 2011, capturing their main points of innovation and focusing on the legal relevance of psychosocial conditions. They have also analyzed how transsexualism is configured in the European Parliament Resolution no. 1117, 12th September 1989, in the European Parliament Resolution of 28th September 2011 and in English and Spanish laws. Results/Discussion and Conclusions: the analysis shows that there are important differences in the European legislations as concerns the change of name following sex rectification, the institution of marriage, the need for a review by a panel of experts and whether or not to undergo surgery in order to obtain sex rectification. The Spanish and English laws do not require surgery; Italian law affirms the need for the presence of “modifications of sexual characteristics”: a general indication that could be considered as limited to secondary sexual characteristics and therefore sufficient to suggest a hormonal treatment in the absence of surgery. European legislations still have further important steps to take to meet the supranational demands and to protect the transsexual subjects in their entirety in view of empowering them to express their gender identity, which is an integral part of their personality, freedom and dignity, without the need to undergo medical or surgical treatments.","PeriodicalId":109386,"journal":{"name":"Prevention and Research","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124645518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.11138/PR/2012.1.2.081
M. Suppa
{"title":"Testmed. Process management in emergency medicine","authors":"M. Suppa","doi":"10.11138/PR/2012.1.2.081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11138/PR/2012.1.2.081","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":109386,"journal":{"name":"Prevention and Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129520978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.11138/PR/2013.2.2.071
T. Caciari, T. Casale, A. Sancini, E. Weiderpass, P. Frati, S. D. Sio, F. Sinibaldi, Claudia Di Pastena, B. Scala, Paola Francesca Maria Buccisano, Assunta Capozzella, V. D. Giorgio, V. Colasanti, S. Marchione, Michele Penna, F. Tomei, G. Tomei, M. V. Rosati
L'asbesto (o amianto) è un minerale appartenente al gruppo dei silicati fibrosi. Fino al 1991,per le caratteristiche dell’amianto,cioè la notevole resistenza alle elevate temperature, la sua conformazione in fibre e il costo molto basso è stato utilizzato per produrre materiali in grado di resistere alle alte temperature. I silicati di amianto a matrice solida avevano trovato largo uso in edilizia, nell’ impiantistica resistente al calore, nelle tubature per acquedotti e fognature, nei pannelli e fogli per controsoffittature, negli intonaci e come materiale fonoassorbente. Anche nell’industria manifatturiera è stato largamente impiegato per la produzione di manufatti ed oggetti di uso domestico, come isolante termico per alte e le basse temperature,condotte antifiamma, per la produzione di elettrodomestici con utilizzo di alte temperature (stufe, phon, etc.), nei freni nelle frizioni, negli schermi parafiamma nelle guarnizioni, nella produzione di tessuti per indumenti in grado di proteggere dal calore (guanti, tute ignifughe) e di tessuti da arredo resistenti a temperature elevate. L’esposizione ad atmosfere contenenti amianto può essere causa di numerose patologie come l’asbestosi polmonare, i mesoteliomi e il carcinoma polmonare. Le forme più nocive di amianto sono gli anfiboli, fra questi la crocidolite è quella con maggior potenziale neoplastico. Tuttavia, la diagnosi di malattia professionale correlata ad amianto non è semplice né automatica, occorre rispettare una serie di criteri, verificando markers immunoistochimici, monitoraggi biologici ed ambientali, anche personali, per accertare una correlazione effettiva. Inoltre, le conoscenze riguardo alle patologie asbesto-correlate ed i criteri diagnostici si sono evoluti nel tempo, e considerando il periodo di latenza delle malattie, in particolare delle neoplasie, è difficile verificare l’esposizione pregressa dei pazienti che hanno manifestato clinicamente la malattia solo in tempi recenti, magari 10-20 anni dopo l’ultima supposta esposizione. Riportiamo due case report di mesotelioma maligno, di supposta origine professionale amianto-correlata, discutendone l’eziologia alla luce di un Asbestos and onset of mesothelioma: Case Report www.preventionandresearch.com 136 Apr-Jun 2013|P&R Scientific|Volume 3|N°2 excursus della letteratura. Per censire, analizzandola, tutta la conoscenza scientifica circa la relazione tra salute umana e asbesto, prodotta dall’inizio della storia dell’utilizzo industriale ad oggi, abbiamo consultato la letteratura in rete tramite motori di ricerca con utilizzazione di parole chiave. Sono state interrogate con questo sistema le principali banche di dati scientifici mondiali (Pubmed, Cochrane, Embase, Tripdatabase), sono state censite un totale di 13551 pubblicazioni per ricostruire come e quando sono state pubblicate informazioni sui danni attribuibili ad asbesto. Gli argomenti fondamentali censiti sono stati: “Amianto e danni alla salute”, “Amianto e Mesotelioma Ma
石棉是属于纤维硅酸盐的一种矿物。直到1991年，由于石棉的特性，即它对高温的高强度、纤维结构和极低的成本，一直用于生产能够承受高温的材料。固体基质石棉硅酸盐被广泛应用于建筑、耐热设备、供水和污水管道、隔板和瓷砖、灰泥和吸声材料。制造业也被广泛用于生产制成品和家用物品,如管道保温材料在高温和低温,服、家用电器的生产与使用高温(炉灶、phon等。)、制动器摩擦中,在屏幕供水点垫圈、服装面料的生产能够保护热量(手套,防火服)和耐热家具织物。暴露在含石棉的大气中可能会导致许多疾病，如肺石棉肺、间皮瘤和肺癌。石棉最有害的形式是两栖动物，其中十字军石是最有肿瘤潜力的。然而，与石棉有关的职业病的诊断既不是简单的，也不是自动的。此外,asbesto-correlate疾病的了解和诊断标准是随着时间的推移演变而来,并考虑到潜伏期的疾病,特别是癌症、患者很难核实以前接触表示临床疾病最近才最后所谓接触后,也许是10 - 20年。两户人家“恶性间皮瘤,报道所谓amianto-correlata专业出身,讨论根据病因Asbestos and onset of mesothelioma:房屋报告2013年preventionandresearch。com 136 Apr-Jun | P&R科学|文学的N°2第3卷|故事开始。为了记录和分析人类健康与石棉之间关系的所有科学知识，从工业使用历史开始到今天，我们通过使用关键字搜索引擎在网上搜索文献。该系统对世界上主要的科学数据库(Pubmed、Cochrane、Embase、Tripdatabase)进行了调查，共收集了13551份出版物，以了解石棉造成的损害的信息是如何以及何时发布的。调查的主要主题是“石棉与健康损害”、“石棉与恶性间皮瘤”。根据我们通过习得的研究结果,一旦适用于这两种情况下,我们发现没有确定性的恶性间皮瘤归因于两个病人的诊断标准,因为它们没有严格执行国际文献所建议的临床诊断和immuno-chimico组织病理学上。石棉的背景是属于纤维硅酸盐组的矿物。石棉纤维可以在紧凑矩阵中的石棉纤维中找到，也可以在彼此之间找到，也可以在彼此之间找到。在意大利，直到1991年，它才生产出能够经受高温的材料。固体基质中的石棉硅酸盐在建筑中使用得很好，在耐热植物工程中使用得很好，在水管中使用得很好，在水管中使用得很好，在石膏中使用得很好，在石膏中使用得很好。It是,widely used in the制造industry for its sound-absorbing - and for the production of manufactured articles and)设备,such as功能还是低temperatures,火焰retardant insulation for high and ducts, for the production of appliances with使用of高等temperatures (stoves hair dryer,等),在the clutches brakes, the baffle plate,显示screens在the production of the seals,服装protecting from (gloves,热电在furnishing抵抗提高温度。暴露在大气中携带石棉可能是造成严重疾病的原因，如尘肺、间皮瘤和长癌。石棉是最危险的形式，而石棉是最有可能致癌的。 即使吸入一根石棉纤维也可能诱发恶性间皮瘤或其他形式的肺癌。与其他物质和危险制剂不同，在吸入空气中石棉纤维浓度低于该浓度时，不存在被认为是安全的风险阈值。显然，长期接触石棉纤维，或大量吸入石棉纤维，会成倍增加患石棉相关恶性肿瘤的机会。在八十年代之前，接触石棉的风险只被认为与工作有关，但今天石棉被认为是一种环境污染物。1992年，意大利颁布了第257号法令，禁止使用和加工石棉，并规定了受石棉污染影响地区的净化标准。我们在此报告两例胸膜间皮瘤。案例1:男，1956年出生，在多艘船上担任士官18年。2004年，他接受了右肺切除术，部分心包和右半膈切除术，随后通过Goretex植入物进行重建，随后进行了连续的放疗周期。2005年，患者出现“厌食，呼吸困难加重，再次手术治疗间皮瘤，并伴有颈侧淋巴结病。”颈侧淋巴结活检材料的组织病理学检查是这样报道的:“恶性定位，形态特征与间皮瘤一致”。随后发现右侧胸腔积液。经胸腔穿刺及胸膜液细胞学检查，再次确认为胸膜间皮瘤。组织学检查证实双期恶性间皮瘤浸润肺，伴淋巴结微转移pT3N1MX。石棉与间皮瘤的发病:病例报告www.preventionandresearch.com 2013年4月- 6月患者病情恶化，出现严重呼吸困难和心肺充血，于2005年9月死亡。尸检显示:“右侧胸膜壁层部分增厚，部分被植入物取代。没有右肺。左肺可见顽强的粘连。左侧胸膜增厚是由于脂质粘稠度的新形成，在切片上表现为大的坏死区域;上述病变包括弥漫性浸润胸壁、左肺、心包、横膈膜，直至镰状韧带和腹膜后，并累及纵隔器官(食管和气管)。在胸膜、心包和左肺中提取了多个脂质新生物样本。根据尸检时胸膜肺活检材料的组织病理学检查的医学报告:“明显的细胞性肿瘤，大量内脏和胸膜壁层浸润，与胸壁软组织和肺实质相邻，弥漫性心包浸润，与心外膜下心肌相邻，血管浸润。该新生组织主要由非典型元素组成，以各种形式扭曲排列成波纹状、旋涡状结构，并包含在纤维间质中。我们开始建立用免疫化学技术处理的肿瘤组织的准备，以突出肿瘤可能的间皮起源”。获得如下结果(表1):表1病例1肿瘤标志物结果
{"title":"Asbestos and onset of mesothelioma: case report","authors":"T. Caciari, T. Casale, A. Sancini, E. Weiderpass, P. Frati, S. D. Sio, F. Sinibaldi, Claudia Di Pastena, B. Scala, Paola Francesca Maria Buccisano, Assunta Capozzella, V. D. Giorgio, V. Colasanti, S. Marchione, Michele Penna, F. Tomei, G. Tomei, M. V. Rosati","doi":"10.11138/PR/2013.2.2.071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11138/PR/2013.2.2.071","url":null,"abstract":"L'asbesto (o amianto) è un minerale appartenente al gruppo dei silicati fibrosi. Fino al 1991,per le caratteristiche dell’amianto,cioè la notevole resistenza alle elevate temperature, la sua conformazione in fibre e il costo molto basso è stato utilizzato per produrre materiali in grado di resistere alle alte temperature. I silicati di amianto a matrice solida avevano trovato largo uso in edilizia, nell’ impiantistica resistente al calore, nelle tubature per acquedotti e fognature, nei pannelli e fogli per controsoffittature, negli intonaci e come materiale fonoassorbente. Anche nell’industria manifatturiera è stato largamente impiegato per la produzione di manufatti ed oggetti di uso domestico, come isolante termico per alte e le basse temperature,condotte antifiamma, per la produzione di elettrodomestici con utilizzo di alte temperature (stufe, phon, etc.), nei freni nelle frizioni, negli schermi parafiamma nelle guarnizioni, nella produzione di tessuti per indumenti in grado di proteggere dal calore (guanti, tute ignifughe) e di tessuti da arredo resistenti a temperature elevate. L’esposizione ad atmosfere contenenti amianto può essere causa di numerose patologie come l’asbestosi polmonare, i mesoteliomi e il carcinoma polmonare. Le forme più nocive di amianto sono gli anfiboli, fra questi la crocidolite è quella con maggior potenziale neoplastico. Tuttavia, la diagnosi di malattia professionale correlata ad amianto non è semplice né automatica, occorre rispettare una serie di criteri, verificando markers immunoistochimici, monitoraggi biologici ed ambientali, anche personali, per accertare una correlazione effettiva. Inoltre, le conoscenze riguardo alle patologie asbesto-correlate ed i criteri diagnostici si sono evoluti nel tempo, e considerando il periodo di latenza delle malattie, in particolare delle neoplasie, è difficile verificare l’esposizione pregressa dei pazienti che hanno manifestato clinicamente la malattia solo in tempi recenti, magari 10-20 anni dopo l’ultima supposta esposizione. Riportiamo due case report di mesotelioma maligno, di supposta origine professionale amianto-correlata, discutendone l’eziologia alla luce di un Asbestos and onset of mesothelioma: Case Report www.preventionandresearch.com 136 Apr-Jun 2013|P&R Scientific|Volume 3|N°2 excursus della letteratura. Per censire, analizzandola, tutta la conoscenza scientifica circa la relazione tra salute umana e asbesto, prodotta dall’inizio della storia dell’utilizzo industriale ad oggi, abbiamo consultato la letteratura in rete tramite motori di ricerca con utilizzazione di parole chiave. Sono state interrogate con questo sistema le principali banche di dati scientifici mondiali (Pubmed, Cochrane, Embase, Tripdatabase), sono state censite un totale di 13551 pubblicazioni per ricostruire come e quando sono state pubblicate informazioni sui danni attribuibili ad asbesto. Gli argomenti fondamentali censiti sono stati: “Amianto e danni alla salute”, “Amianto e Mesotelioma Ma","PeriodicalId":109386,"journal":{"name":"Prevention and Research","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128220608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.11138/PER/2016.5.2.070
G. Troiano, M. Alfonzo, I. Mercurio, N. Nante
{"title":"Trichinellosis: epidemiology and prevention","authors":"G. Troiano, M. Alfonzo, I. Mercurio, N. Nante","doi":"10.11138/PER/2016.5.2.070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11138/PER/2016.5.2.070","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":109386,"journal":{"name":"Prevention and Research","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129970322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.11138/PER/2016.5.2.075
C. Giannico, F. Perri, A. Suppi, B. Trevisani, G. Oliva, O. Giannico, D. Clemente, M. Manigrasso, C. Vernale, P. Avino
Introduction: several epidemiological studies have already highlighted the effects that fine atmospheric particulate matter has on health in terms of increasing mortality, hospital admissions and also respiratory diseases in the cardiovascular system. The purpose of this study is to assess the possible correlation between inhalation of fine fraction of particulate matter missing in the air and disease outbreaks in vitreoretinal tract in the workplace of ILVA steel plant in Taranto. Materials and methods: from June 2013 to December 2014 were examined both 57 male individuals aged between 25 and 58 years, working at the ILVA steel plant in Taranto and 52 male individuals aged between 25 and 58 who were just residents in the city of Taranto. For each of them a complete eye examination was performed with particular reference to the posterior segment of the eye (indirect ophthalmoscopy with Schepens unit). All the examined individuals had visual acuity perfectly normal and no optic nerve lesion. All the general and ocular medical history revealed no pre-existing conditions worthy of note. It was then conducted a statistical analysis of the data obtained by means of a chi-squared test by applying the correction according to Yates, which is appropriately used when the number of observations is less than 500. The significance level considered was 5%. Therefore, they were considered statistically significant values of p <0.05. Results: during this work, statistical significance were highlighted between the two groups examined. The workers examined in 84% of cases have retinal disorders; 27% individuals had retinal disorders among residents examined in the city of Taranto. Discussion: from the resulting data can be assumed that micro-respiratory bronchiole blockages can lead to gridlock and consequent retinal venous congestion.
{"title":"Investigation on the correlations between vitreo-retinal disorders and atmospheric particulate matter in individuals working in Taranto","authors":"C. Giannico, F. Perri, A. Suppi, B. Trevisani, G. Oliva, O. Giannico, D. Clemente, M. Manigrasso, C. Vernale, P. Avino","doi":"10.11138/PER/2016.5.2.075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11138/PER/2016.5.2.075","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: several epidemiological studies have already highlighted the effects that fine atmospheric particulate matter has on health in terms of increasing mortality, hospital admissions and also respiratory diseases in the cardiovascular system. The purpose of this study is to assess the possible correlation between inhalation of fine fraction of particulate matter missing in the air and disease outbreaks in vitreoretinal tract in the workplace of ILVA steel plant in Taranto. Materials and methods: from June 2013 to December 2014 were examined both 57 male individuals aged between 25 and 58 years, working at the ILVA steel plant in Taranto and 52 male individuals aged between 25 and 58 who were just residents in the city of Taranto. For each of them a complete eye examination was performed with particular reference to the posterior segment of the eye (indirect ophthalmoscopy with Schepens unit). All the examined individuals had visual acuity perfectly normal and no optic nerve lesion. All the general and ocular medical history revealed no pre-existing conditions worthy of note. It was then conducted a statistical analysis of the data obtained by means of a chi-squared test by applying the correction according to Yates, which is appropriately used when the number of observations is less than 500. The significance level considered was 5%. Therefore, they were considered statistically significant values of p <0.05. Results: during this work, statistical significance were highlighted between the two groups examined. The workers examined in 84% of cases have retinal disorders; 27% individuals had retinal disorders among residents examined in the city of Taranto. Discussion: from the resulting data can be assumed that micro-respiratory bronchiole blockages can lead to gridlock and consequent retinal venous congestion.","PeriodicalId":109386,"journal":{"name":"Prevention and Research","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121237136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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