Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.coelec.2024.101630
R. Daniel Little, Kevin D. Moeller, R. Francke
{"title":"Organic and molecular electrochemistry (2024)–Fresh impetus for organic synthesis","authors":"R. Daniel Little, Kevin D. Moeller, R. Francke","doi":"10.1016/j.coelec.2024.101630","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coelec.2024.101630","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11028,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Electrochemistry","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 101630"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143098631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.coelec.2024.101623
Yuqi Ma , Danlei Li
This mini review explores the effect of nanoparticle (NP) size and morphology on electrocatalytic activity, with a focus on the advancements in single-entity electrochemistry (SEE) techniques such as scanning electrochemical microscopy, scanning electrochemical cell microscopy, and single nanoparticle collision methods. These techniques provide critical insights into NP behavior, enabling the precise characterization of catalytic activity at a single-NP scale. Moreover, recent developments in coupling SEE with other techniques are also briefly discussed with a focus on enhanced mass transport and electrical contact in single-NP electrocatalysis.
{"title":"Recent advances in characterization of electrocatalytic nanoparticles at single-particle level","authors":"Yuqi Ma , Danlei Li","doi":"10.1016/j.coelec.2024.101623","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coelec.2024.101623","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This mini review explores the effect of nanoparticle (NP) size and morphology on electrocatalytic activity, with a focus on the advancements in single-entity electrochemistry (SEE) techniques such as scanning electrochemical microscopy, scanning electrochemical cell microscopy, and single nanoparticle collision methods. These techniques provide critical insights into NP behavior, enabling the precise characterization of catalytic activity at a single-NP scale. Moreover, recent developments in coupling SEE with other techniques are also briefly discussed with a focus on enhanced mass transport and electrical contact in single-NP electrocatalysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11028,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Electrochemistry","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 101623"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143098633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.coelec.2024.101608
Wenjing Nan , Jiayang Lin , Linqi Xu , Lianhuan Han , Dongping Zhan
Single-layer graphene (SLG) is renowned for its unique electronic structure and zero band gap, which presents both opportunities and challenges in electrochemical systems, particularly due to its inherently inert heterogeneous electron transfer (HET) properties. Precisely tuning the physicochemical properties of SLG is crucial for optimizing its performance in electrochemical devices. For atomically thin SLG, subtle modifications to its electronic structure can enhance its heterogeneous charge transfer and surface reactivity effectively. Here we present a concise review on recent advances in modulating the interfacial electrochemical behavior of SLG and few-layer graphene, with a focus on defect engineering, layer number regulation, and interfacial engineering. We emphasize the impact of these strategies on modulating graphene's electronic structure, particularly concerning HET and electrochemical performance, and offer perspectives on future developments in this field.
{"title":"Modulating the interfacial electrochemical behavior of single layer graphene","authors":"Wenjing Nan , Jiayang Lin , Linqi Xu , Lianhuan Han , Dongping Zhan","doi":"10.1016/j.coelec.2024.101608","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coelec.2024.101608","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Single-layer graphene (SLG) is renowned for its unique electronic structure and zero band gap, which presents both opportunities and challenges in electrochemical systems, particularly due to its inherently inert heterogeneous electron transfer (HET) properties. Precisely tuning the physicochemical properties of SLG is crucial for optimizing its performance in electrochemical devices. For atomically thin SLG, subtle modifications to its electronic structure can enhance its heterogeneous charge transfer and surface reactivity effectively. Here we present a concise review on recent advances in modulating the interfacial electrochemical behavior of SLG and few-layer graphene, with a focus on defect engineering, layer number regulation, and interfacial engineering. We emphasize the impact of these strategies on modulating graphene's electronic structure, particularly concerning HET and electrochemical performance, and offer perspectives on future developments in this field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11028,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Electrochemistry","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 101608"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143102829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.coelec.2024.101624
Tereza Bautkinova, Martin Prokop, Tomas Bystron, Karel Bouzek
This review examines advancements in the design of the anode porous transport layer (PTL) and catalyst layer (CL) interface in proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE). The quality of PTL-CL interface (contact area and contact resistance per area) is critical to electrolyser performance, influencing the voltage losses (polarisation and ohmic) and stability. To mitigate issues associated with Ti PTL passivation and enhance charge transport, various noble metal coatings, have been explored. Ir coatings seems to be the optimal solution due to their stability and catalytic activity. The review highlights surface modification techniques such as physical vapour deposition, electroplating, and laser ablation, as well as the development of porous transport electrodes and microporous layers. These approaches aim to optimise the performance of the electrolyser while minimising the noble metal usage. The findings underscore the importance of material choice and nano/microscale morphology of the interface in achieving cost-effective and durable PEMWE systems.
{"title":"Interface between anode porous transport layer and catalyst layer: A key to efficient, stable and competitive proton exchange membrane water electrolysis","authors":"Tereza Bautkinova, Martin Prokop, Tomas Bystron, Karel Bouzek","doi":"10.1016/j.coelec.2024.101624","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coelec.2024.101624","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This review examines advancements in the design of the anode porous transport layer (PTL) and catalyst layer (CL) interface in proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE). The quality of PTL-CL interface (contact area and contact resistance per area) is critical to electrolyser performance, influencing the voltage losses (polarisation and ohmic) and stability. To mitigate issues associated with Ti PTL passivation and enhance charge transport, various noble metal coatings, have been explored. Ir coatings seems to be the optimal solution due to their stability and catalytic activity. The review highlights surface modification techniques such as physical vapour deposition, electroplating, and laser ablation, as well as the development of porous transport electrodes and microporous layers. These approaches aim to optimise the performance of the electrolyser while minimising the noble metal usage. The findings underscore the importance of material choice and nano/microscale morphology of the interface in achieving cost-effective and durable PEMWE systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11028,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Electrochemistry","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 101624"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143103002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.coelec.2024.101626
Sergey V. Pavlov
Low-dimensional carbon-based materials hold significant potential for electrocatalytic applications. However, the role of defects and various additives in enhancing their electrochemical properties remains a subject of ongoing debate due to contradictory experimental data. Moreover, the complex interplay of various factors complicates the interpretation of defects-related effects. This mini-review presents recent studies on the role of defects in heterogeneous electron transfer, covering both experimental findings and theoretical modeling. It emphasizes the need for further development in electron transfer theory and experimental techniques to better elucidate the mechanisms behind the electrocatalytic behavior of defects.
{"title":"Influence of defects and impurities in low-dimensional carbon materials on heterogeneous electron transfer: Theory and experiments","authors":"Sergey V. Pavlov","doi":"10.1016/j.coelec.2024.101626","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coelec.2024.101626","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Low-dimensional carbon-based materials hold significant potential for electrocatalytic applications. However, the role of defects and various additives in enhancing their electrochemical properties remains a subject of ongoing debate due to contradictory experimental data. Moreover, the complex interplay of various factors complicates the interpretation of defects-related effects. This mini-review presents recent studies on the role of defects in heterogeneous electron transfer, covering both experimental findings and theoretical modeling. It emphasizes the need for further development in electron transfer theory and experimental techniques to better elucidate the mechanisms behind the electrocatalytic behavior of defects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11028,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Electrochemistry","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 101626"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143102842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Two-dimensional (2D) electrode materials are interesting objects for both practical and fundamental electrochemistry due to very low thickness and tunable structure-dependent electrochemical properties which are quite different from metallic electrodes. While the impact of various defects on the electrochemical kinetics of 2D materials is often considered, layering and substrate nature also may influence the reaction rates due to the low thickness of 2D materials. In the present review, we discuss the current understanding of the electrochemical kinetics of 2D electrode materials in terms of the layer number, stacking, and substrate nature. The review covers both experimental and theoretical work on outer-sphere and electrocatalytic reactions such as oxygen reduction and hydrogen evolution reaction.
{"title":"Heterogeneous electron transfer on single- and few-layer supported 2D materials","authors":"A.I. Inozemtseva , V.S. Savin , D.M. Itkis , L.V. Yashina","doi":"10.1016/j.coelec.2024.101632","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coelec.2024.101632","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Two-dimensional (2D) electrode materials are interesting objects for both practical and fundamental electrochemistry due to very low thickness and tunable structure-dependent electrochemical properties which are quite different from metallic electrodes. While the impact of various defects on the electrochemical kinetics of 2D materials is often considered, layering and substrate nature also may influence the reaction rates due to the low thickness of 2D materials. In the present review, we discuss the current understanding of the electrochemical kinetics of 2D electrode materials in terms of the layer number, stacking, and substrate nature. The review covers both experimental and theoretical work on outer-sphere and electrocatalytic reactions such as oxygen reduction and hydrogen evolution reaction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11028,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Electrochemistry","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 101632"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143102843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.coelec.2024.101629
Anders Hellman
As humankind searches for sustainable energy solutions, the demand for electrochemistry has increased. Thus, new and more advanced electrode materials are required. However, finding electrodes that meet the necessary performance is a challenge. Machine learning models can predict key properties such as catalytic activity and stability with surprisingly good accuracy, thus accelerating the process of evaluating materials. However, in most cases, the same models cannot explain how to generate new material compositions. Here, deep generative models can become very valuable. Although issues related to data availability and understanding how these models work still exist, combining deep generative models with computer simulations and laboratory experiments hold great potential for developing the next generation of electrodes. This short review will show recent progress in using deep generative models in related material fields and stress how these models can accelerate the discovery of electrode materials.
{"title":"A brief overview of deep generative models and how they can be used to discover new electrode materials","authors":"Anders Hellman","doi":"10.1016/j.coelec.2024.101629","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coelec.2024.101629","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As humankind searches for sustainable energy solutions, the demand for electrochemistry has increased. Thus, new and more advanced electrode materials are required. However, finding electrodes that meet the necessary performance is a challenge. Machine learning models can predict key properties such as catalytic activity and stability with surprisingly good accuracy, thus accelerating the process of evaluating materials. However, in most cases, the same models cannot explain how to generate new material compositions. Here, deep generative models can become very valuable. Although issues related to data availability and understanding how these models work still exist, combining deep generative models with computer simulations and laboratory experiments hold great potential for developing the next generation of electrodes. This short review will show recent progress in using deep generative models in related material fields and stress how these models can accelerate the discovery of electrode materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11028,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Electrochemistry","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 101629"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143102847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.coelec.2024.101609
HyungKuk Ju , Donghyun Yoon , Sungyool Bong , Jaeyoung Lee
Hydrogen as a clean carrier has received considerable attention due to its potential in sustainable energy systems. However, the prevalent hydrogen production methods, notably steam reforming from natural gas, present environmental challenges, primarily CO2 emissions. In here, we aim to provide insights into the scalability of hydrogen production through electrochemical ammonia electrolysis to hydrogen production (eAEH), proposing ammonia as an effective hydrogen carrier to mitigate these environmental concerns. Our focus is on the ammonia oxidation reaction (AOR) within the electrochemical decomposition framework, underscoring the operation at a low reversible cell voltage to significantly enhance energy efficiency. We explore strategies to scale up eAEH, analyzing the potential and limitations of various electrocatalysts, and examining the feasibility of employing machine learning techniques for optimal catalyst selection. Thus, the AOR research represents a pivotal technological innovation for the sustainable energy transition, potentially establishing a critical foundation for advancing a hydrogen economy.
{"title":"Challenge and opportunity in scaling-up hydrogen production via electrochemical ammonia electrolysis process","authors":"HyungKuk Ju , Donghyun Yoon , Sungyool Bong , Jaeyoung Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.coelec.2024.101609","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coelec.2024.101609","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrogen as a clean carrier has received considerable attention due to its potential in sustainable energy systems. However, the prevalent hydrogen production methods, notably steam reforming from natural gas, present environmental challenges, primarily CO<sub>2</sub> emissions. In here, we aim to provide insights into the scalability of hydrogen production through electrochemical ammonia electrolysis to hydrogen production (eAEH), proposing ammonia as an effective hydrogen carrier to mitigate these environmental concerns. Our focus is on the ammonia oxidation reaction (AOR) within the electrochemical decomposition framework, underscoring the operation at a low reversible cell voltage to significantly enhance energy efficiency. We explore strategies to scale up eAEH, analyzing the potential and limitations of various electrocatalysts, and examining the feasibility of employing machine learning techniques for optimal catalyst selection. Thus, the AOR research represents a pivotal technological innovation for the sustainable energy transition, potentially establishing a critical foundation for advancing a hydrogen economy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11028,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Electrochemistry","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 101609"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143102996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.coelec.2024.101622
C. Gómez-Sacedón , A.R. González-Elipe , V. Rodríguez-Pintor , J.M. Luque-Centeno , F. Yubero , J. Gil-Rostra , A. de Lucas-Consuegra
Magnetron sputtering (MS) is an emerging technique to prepare electrocatalysts for oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions that take place in alkaline water electrolysis. It is a physical vapour deposition method that provides a strict control over the composition, chemical state, and microstructure. It permits to adjust complex stoichiometries and guarantees reproducibility. This technology allows to deposit electrocatalysts on suitable current collectors to get anode and cathode electrodes in a one-step process. Furthermore, MS is an environment friendly technology with easy scalability for industrial electrode production. Additionally, when operated in an oblique angle deposition configuration, it allows precise control of the microstructure of the deposits that can be tuned from compact to mesoporous. On this brief review we discuss recent studies on the field showing the possibility of using MS for the preparation of catalyst layers with complex compositions, bi-layer structure configurations, and bimetallic, trimetallic, and multicomponent alloys.
{"title":"Recent advances in electrocatalysts fabrication by magnetron sputtering for alkaline water electrolysis","authors":"C. Gómez-Sacedón , A.R. González-Elipe , V. Rodríguez-Pintor , J.M. Luque-Centeno , F. Yubero , J. Gil-Rostra , A. de Lucas-Consuegra","doi":"10.1016/j.coelec.2024.101622","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coelec.2024.101622","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Magnetron sputtering (MS) is an emerging technique to prepare electrocatalysts for oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions that take place in alkaline water electrolysis. It is a physical vapour deposition method that provides a strict control over the composition, chemical state, and microstructure. It permits to adjust complex stoichiometries and guarantees reproducibility. This technology allows to deposit electrocatalysts on suitable current collectors to get anode and cathode electrodes in a one-step process. Furthermore, MS is an environment friendly technology with easy scalability for industrial electrode production. Additionally, when operated in an oblique angle deposition configuration, it allows precise control of the microstructure of the deposits that can be tuned from compact to mesoporous. On this brief review we discuss recent studies on the field showing the possibility of using MS for the preparation of catalyst layers with complex compositions, bi-layer structure configurations, and bimetallic, trimetallic, and multicomponent alloys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11028,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Electrochemistry","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 101622"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143103000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.coelec.2024.101633
Xiaoyu Huo , Xingyi Shi , Qing Wang , Yikai Zeng , Liang An
Aqueous redox flow batteries (ARFBs) have attracted lots of attention as powerful and durable technologies for sustainable energy storage. However, the wide adoptions of ARFBs still face the challenge of restrained voltage output due to the limited electrochemical stable window of water. As a prospective solution, the pH-decoupling strategy, which uses positive and negative electrolytes with different pH values, has been proven to overcome the thermodynamic limit of water and expand the operational voltage range of the ARFBs. This review outlines the recent advancements in different types of pH-decoupling ARFBs, including the two-chamber system, three-chamber system, and decoupled system with independent pH recovery function. The merits and technical challenges for being highlighted to assess the application potentials of each system design. Furthermore, insights for future research directions are provided to guide further system enhancement and promote the development of stable pH-decoupling ARFBs.
{"title":"High-voltage pH-decoupling aqueous redox flow batteries for future energy storage","authors":"Xiaoyu Huo , Xingyi Shi , Qing Wang , Yikai Zeng , Liang An","doi":"10.1016/j.coelec.2024.101633","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coelec.2024.101633","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aqueous redox flow batteries (ARFBs) have attracted lots of attention as powerful and durable technologies for sustainable energy storage. However, the wide adoptions of ARFBs still face the challenge of restrained voltage output due to the limited electrochemical stable window of water. As a prospective solution, the pH-decoupling strategy, which uses positive and negative electrolytes with different pH values, has been proven to overcome the thermodynamic limit of water and expand the operational voltage range of the ARFBs. This review outlines the recent advancements in different types of pH-decoupling ARFBs, including the two-chamber system, three-chamber system, and decoupled system with independent pH recovery function. The merits and technical challenges for being highlighted to assess the application potentials of each system design. Furthermore, insights for future research directions are provided to guide further system enhancement and promote the development of stable pH-decoupling ARFBs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11028,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Electrochemistry","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 101633"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143103003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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