Current Opinion in Electrochemistry最新文献

英文中文

Recent advance of Ru-based bifunctional electrocatalysts for Zn–air batteries 锌空气电池用钌基双功能电催化剂的研究进展

IF 6.9 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Current Opinion in Electrochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.coelec.2025.101782

Qian Lu , Xiaohong Zou , Ying Wang , Zongping Shao

Zinc-air batteries (ZABs) hold significant promise for next-generation energy storage due to their high theoretical energy density, inherent safety, and low cost. Nevertheless, commercialization is impeded by sluggish oxygen redox kinetics at air cathodes, which causes substantial charge–discharge polarization and low round-trip efficiency. While existing bifunctional catalysts struggle to balance activity and stability, Ru-based catalysts have emerged as a transformative solution by optimizing electronic structures to facilitate oxygen intermediate adsorption/desorption. This review examines recent advances in Ru-based catalysts, categorizing strategies into composites, compounds, and single-atom supported catalysts. We analyze the roles of compositing, doping, and support engineering in enhancing activity–stability synergy, extracting design principles for each category. Furthermore, we outline key research directions including ultralow Ru loading, multi-site synergy, and corrosion mitigation. By mapping cost-activity–stability relationships and identifying development pathways, this work provides a roadmap toward industrial ZAB deployment for Ru-based catalysts.

锌空气电池（ZABs）由于其高理论能量密度、固有安全性和低成本，在下一代储能领域具有重要的前景。然而，空气阴极上缓慢的氧氧化还原动力学阻碍了商业化，这导致了严重的充放电极化和低往返效率。当现有的双功能催化剂努力平衡活性和稳定性时，钌基催化剂通过优化电子结构来促进氧中间体的吸附/解吸，成为一种变革性的解决方案。本文综述了钌基催化剂的最新进展，并将其分为复合材料、化合物和单原子负载催化剂。我们分析了复合、掺杂和支持工程在增强活性-稳定性协同作用中的作用，提取了每个类别的设计原则。此外，我们概述了重点研究方向，包括超低钌负载，多站点协同和缓释腐蚀。通过绘制成本-活性-稳定性关系和确定开发路径，这项工作为基于ru的催化剂的工业ZAB部署提供了路线图。

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引用次数: 0

Enhanced reversibility of zinc anode for rechargeable zinc-air batteries: A joint computational and experimental investigation 可充电锌空气电池锌阳极可逆性的增强：计算与实验联合研究

IF 6.9 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Current Opinion in Electrochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.coelec.2025.101793

Kai Wu , Jiaqi Mao , Fanghua Ning , Xiaoyu Liu , Jin Yi

Rechargeable zinc-air batteries are promising for energy storage owing to their high theoretical energy density, reliable safety performance, and the abundance of raw materials. Nevertheless, the practical application is significantly restrained by the poor reversibility of the zinc anode, which originates from the dissolution of the Zn anode, dendrite growth with shape change, hydrogen evolution, corrosion and passivation. The electrochemical processes at the Zn anode|electrolyte interface play a vital role on the performance of the Zn anode. In this review, the mechanisms of the anode associated with its challenges are summarized individually. Moreover, the recent advances in enhancing zinc anode reversibility through computational and experimental investigations are discussed. Finally, it provides insights into the challenges and perspectives for further research, which is expected to promote the development of rechargeable ZABs.

可充电锌空气电池具有理论能量密度高、安全性能可靠、原料丰富等优点，在储能领域具有广阔的应用前景。然而，锌阳极的可逆性较差，这主要源于锌阳极的溶解、枝晶随形状变化生长、析氢、腐蚀和钝化。锌阳极|电解质界面的电化学过程对锌阳极的性能起着至关重要的作用。在这篇综述中，分别总结了阳极的机制及其挑战。此外，还讨论了通过计算和实验研究提高锌阳极可逆性的最新进展。最后，提出了进一步研究的挑战和前景，以期促进可充电ZABs的发展。

引用次数: 0

Surface engineering and dendrite control of zinc anodes for efficient zinc-air batteries 高效锌空气电池锌阳极的表面工程与枝晶控制

IF 6.9 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Current Opinion in Electrochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.coelec.2025.101780

Abdudin Temam , Assumpta C. Nwanya , Nisrin Alnaim , Joshua Chidiebere Mba , Adil Alshoaibi , Chunyu Zhu , Paul M. Ejikeme , Fabian I. Ezema

Zinc-air batteries (ZABs) have been touted as promising energy storage device because of their high energy density, abundance, and inherent safety. However, their commercialization is significantly hampered by zinc dendrites during the charge-discharge processes. The dendrite formation causes short circuits, increases internal resistances, and reduces the durability of the battery. This review systematically explores surface engineering strategies for regulating zinc nucleation behaviour and suppressing the dendrite growth at the anode interface. Strategies involving protective coatings, electrolyte additives, and interfacial structure optimization are discussed comprehensively. The role of surface chemistry, material architecture, and ion transport kinetics in mitigating dendrite formation is critically evaluated. We also critically understand the concepts required to realize uniform zinc deposition and enhance cycling stability. This review presents a comprehensive insight into the challenges and recent progress in dendrite control, and strategic insights into developing high-performance zinc–air batteries.

锌空气电池（ZABs）因其高能量密度、丰度和固有的安全性而成为一种很有前途的储能设备。然而，在充放电过程中，锌枝晶严重阻碍了它们的商业化。树突的形成导致短路，增加内阻，降低电池的耐用性。本文系统地探讨了调节锌成核行为和抑制阳极界面枝晶生长的表面工程策略。全面讨论了保护涂层、电解质添加剂和界面结构优化等策略。表面化学、材料结构和离子传输动力学在减轻枝晶形成中的作用被严格评估。我们也批判性地理解实现均匀锌沉积和增强循环稳定性所需的概念。本文综述了枝晶控制的挑战和最新进展，并对高性能锌空气电池的发展提出了战略见解。

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引用次数: 0

Can interpretation of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy data be automated? Where do artificial intelligence algorithms stand? 电化学阻抗谱数据的解释可以自动化吗？人工智能算法处于什么位置？

IF 6.9 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Current Opinion in Electrochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.coelec.2025.101788

Mark E. Orazem , Burak Ulgut

While automation of data interpretation has been successful for optical spectroscopy and chromatography methods, automated interpretation of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy data is confounded by the nonuniqueness of models used to interpret the data in terms of physical quantities. Where automation has been successful, the data are compared with known libraries of high-quality, well-characterized, and specific datasets. In this manuscript, use of automation for data interpretation is reviewed, and guidelines are proposed for those seeking to develop artificial intelligence algorithms for analysis of impedance data.

虽然光学光谱和色谱方法的数据解释自动化已经取得了成功，但电化学阻抗光谱数据的自动解释却受到用于解释物理量数据的模型的非唯一性的困扰。在自动化成功的情况下，将数据与已知的高质量、具有良好特征的特定数据集库进行比较。在本文中，对数据解释自动化的使用进行了回顾，并为那些寻求开发用于分析阻抗数据的人工智能算法的人提出了指导方针。

引用次数: 0

Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy to characterise plain and fibre-reinforced cementitious mixes 电化学阻抗谱表征普通和纤维增强胶凝混合料

IF 6.9 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Current Opinion in Electrochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.coelec.2025.101802

X.R. Nóvoa

EIS is an analytical technique in constant development because it can extract information from many physical, chemical, and electrochemical phenomena occurring in nature, capturing the specific relaxation time constants.

This review focuses on a particular system, a porous ceramic material with an alkaline electrolyte and embedded electronic conductors (fibres or rebars). EIS allows assessing ionic conductivity through porosity, which is relevant for the transport of chlorides in the case of rebar corrosion, the corrosion rate (via the polarisation resistance), and various self-sensing functionalities (via capacitance and ionic or electronic conductivities). Relevant examples of all those aspects are summarised in the present review.

EIS是一种不断发展的分析技术，因为它可以从自然界中发生的许多物理、化学和电化学现象中提取信息，捕获特定的弛豫时间常数。本文综述了一种特殊的系统，一种具有碱性电解质和嵌入电子导体（纤维或钢筋）的多孔陶瓷材料。EIS允许通过孔隙度评估离子电导率，这与钢筋腐蚀情况下氯化物的传输有关，腐蚀速率（通过极化电阻），以及各种自传感功能（通过电容和离子或电子电导率）。本审查总结了所有这些方面的有关例子。

引用次数: 0

Understanding and addressing impedance scattering in low-temperature electrolysis 理解和解决低温电解中的阻抗散射问题

IF 6.9 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Current Opinion in Electrochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.coelec.2025.101785

Wenbo Shi, Wentian Cai, Yiming Zhang, Kei Ono, Jianbo Zhang

Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) at low frequencies often suffers from scattering, a problem exacerbated in low-temperature water electrolysis. A literature-based mapping of gas-evolution electrode (GEE) spectra reveals distinct patterns: scattering occurs more frequently at high current densities, is more pronounced in alkaline water electrolysis (AWE) than in proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE), and appears more common in potentiostatic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (PEIS) than in galvanostatic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (GEIS). These patterns are attributed to the increased non-stationarity in, and the functioning as a reference electrode by the bubble-evolution electrode (BEE). To reduce scattering, cell hardware with well-controlled compression is needed first to set a solid foundation. The signal-to-noise ratio of the spectra can be improved based on the nature of the noise and the cause of the scattering. A three-electrode configuration is recommended. Scattering that persists despite signal integration may indicate a resonance between the alternating current (AC) perturbation and bubble dynamics.

电化学阻抗谱（EIS）在低频时存在散射问题，低温电解过程中这一问题更加严重。基于文献的气析电极（GEE）谱图揭示了不同的模式：散射在高电流密度下更频繁地发生，在碱性电解（AWE）中比在质子交换膜电解（PEMWE）中更明显，在恒电位电化学阻抗谱（PEIS）中比在恒流电化学阻抗谱（GEIS）中更常见。这些模式归因于增加的非平稳性，以及气泡演化电极（BEE）作为参考电极的功能。为了减少散射，首先需要具有良好控制压缩的单元硬件来建立坚实的基础。根据噪声的性质和散射的原因，可以提高光谱的信噪比。建议采用三电极配置。尽管信号整合，散射仍然存在，这可能表明交流（AC）扰动和气泡动力学之间的共振。

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引用次数: 0

Use of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in the analysis of the oxygen evolution reaction 利用电化学阻抗谱法分析析氧反应

IF 6.9 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Current Opinion in Electrochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.coelec.2025.101786

Svein Sunde

Recent advances in the application of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy for analysis of the oxygen evolution reaction are discussed. Impedance is used routinely to rank catalysts, to determine the electrochemically active surface area (ECSA), and for mechanistic interpretation. A significant development is attempts at assessing the ECSA from the faradaic impedance rather than from the double-layer capacitance. Impedance is also used for assessment of Tafel slopes, but for future work better integration of microkinetic models with impedance is suggested, notably through the Tafel impedance

\bar{i} Z (j ω)

讨论了电化学阻抗谱在析氧反应分析中的应用进展。阻抗通常用于对催化剂进行排序，确定电化学活性表面积（ECSA），并进行机理解释。一个重要的发展是尝试从法拉第阻抗而不是从双层电容来评估ECSA。阻抗也用于评价塔菲尔斜率，但为了将来的工作，建议更好地将微动力学模型与阻抗结合起来，特别是通过塔菲尔阻抗i¯Zjω。

引用次数: 0

Distribution of relaxation times: Foundations, methods, diagnostics, and prognosis for electrochemical systems 弛豫时间分布：电化学系统的基础、方法、诊断和预测

IF 6.9 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Current Opinion in Electrochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.coelec.2025.101789

Zilong Wang , Yuhao Wang , Francesco Ciucci

The distribution of relaxation times (DRT) has become an indispensable technique for interpreting electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. This review traces the evolution of DRT from a powerful deconvolution tool for gaining mechanistic insights into a predictive engine for diagnostics and state estimation in fields such as batteries and fuel cells. The technique’s intuitive appeal is challenged by its mathematically ill-posed nature, creating a “credibility gap” where subjective choices can yield misleading artifacts. Recent methodological advances in Bayesian and entropy-based frameworks provide greater robustness and uncertainty quantification. The path forward requires establishing a comprehensive analytical ecosystem built on community standards, benchmark datasets, and transparent reporting. This current opinion urges the community to embrace rigor and transform DRT from a specialized, expert-level tool into a reliable and reproducible cornerstone of electrochemical analysis.

弛豫时间分布（DRT）已成为解释电化学阻抗谱不可缺少的技术。本文回顾了DRT的发展历程，从一个强大的反卷积工具，用于获得对电池和燃料电池等领域诊断和状态估计的预测引擎的机制见解。该技术的直观吸引力受到其数学不适定性的挑战，造成了“可信度差距”，主观选择可能产生误导性的工件。贝叶斯和基于熵的框架的最新方法进展提供了更强的鲁棒性和不确定性量化。前进的道路需要建立一个基于社区标准、基准数据集和透明报告的综合分析生态系统。目前的观点敦促社区接受严格性，并将DRT从专业的专家级工具转变为可靠的、可重复的电化学分析基石。

引用次数: 0

Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy for corrosion diagnosis of reinforced concrete 电化学阻抗谱在钢筋混凝土腐蚀诊断中的应用

IF 6.9 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Current Opinion in Electrochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.coelec.2025.101790

Christopher L. Alexander

The application of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) to reinforced concrete with the purpose of probing the characteristic of the steel and concrete interface was first introduced in the late 1970s. The impedance response is known to be sensitive to the corrosion state of the reinforcement; however, challenges persist in accurate relation of the impedance response to physical characteristics of the system. Since the initial studies, the use of EIS has expanded beyond the lab to field structures with the desire to nondestructively assess the rate of corrosion. A review is presented on the significant advancements and contributions to the application and analysis of the impedance response of steel in concrete with a description of the remaining challenges and outlook for expanded use.

20世纪70年代末，人们首次将电化学阻抗谱（EIS）应用于钢筋混凝土中，以探测钢与混凝土界面的特性。已知阻抗响应对钢筋的腐蚀状态敏感；然而，阻抗响应与系统物理特性的精确关系仍然存在挑战。自最初的研究以来，EIS的使用已经从实验室扩展到现场结构，希望能够无损地评估腐蚀速率。回顾了混凝土中钢筋阻抗响应的应用和分析的重大进展和贡献，描述了仍然存在的挑战和扩大使用的前景。

引用次数: 0

Electrochemical hardness: A reactivity descriptor for the electrocatalytic activity of MN4 molecular catalysts for the reduction of O2 in aqueous media 电化学硬度：表征MN4分子催化剂在水介质中还原O2电催化活性的反应性描述符

IF 6.9 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Current Opinion in Electrochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.coelec.2025.101779

Laura Scarpetta-Pizo , Luis Acuña-Saavedra , Ingrid Ponce , José H. Zagal

Molecular catalysts, like metal complexes such as MN₄ or MN_x molecular catalysts exhibit several reactivity descriptors: (i) the M−O₂ binding energy, (ii) the M(III)OH/(II) formal potential, (iii) the number of d-electrons in the MN4, (iv) the donor (M)-acceptor intermolecular hardness, and (v) π-electron graphene-MN4 delocalization factor. When oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity, expressed as (log j)_E at constant potential, is plotted versus adsorption energy (E_ad) or versus the formal potential E°’M(III)/(II), the trends exhibit symmetrical volcano correlations. In this work, we consolidate and extend the concept of electrochemical hardness (ΔE^h) as a reactivity descriptor for MN₄ molecular catalysts. This descriptor is defined as the potential separation between the two central formal potentials exhibited by surface-anchored MN4 molecular catalysts in the absence of O₂ in aqueous media. The catalytic activity for ORR increases as ΔE^h decreases, suggesting that for highly active catalysis, the two redox one-electron reversible processes tend to a minimum or even overlap. All these reactivity descriptors are not independent from each other and are closely related.

分子催化剂，如金属配合物如MN4或MNx分子催化剂表现出几个反应性描述符：(i) M−O2结合能，（ii） M(III)OH/(ii)形式势，（III） MN4中的d电子数，（iv）供体(M)-受体分子间硬度，以及(v) π-电子石墨烯-MN4离域因子。当氧还原反应（ORR）活度（表示为恒定电位下的（log j）E）与吸附能（Ead）或形式电位E°' M(III)/(II)相对应时，趋势表现出对称的火山相关性。在这项工作中，我们巩固并扩展了电化学硬度（ΔEh）作为MN4分子催化剂反应性描述符的概念。这个描述符被定义为在水介质中没有O2的情况下，表面锚定的MN4分子催化剂所表现出的两个中心形式势之间的电位分离。ORR的催化活性随着ΔEh的降低而增加，说明对于高活性的催化，两个氧化还原单电子可逆过程趋于最小甚至重叠。所有这些反应性描述符都不是相互独立的，而是密切相关的。

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