This research article explains a green synthesis of α-Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles (NPs) utilizing Cedrus deodara wood extract. The wood extract of this medicinal plant was used to synthesize the α-Fe₂O₃ NPs and utilized in various applications including biological applications on Osteosarcoma (MG63) and Lung cancer (A549). Along with this, we have also estimated its anti-bacterial properties on P. aeruginosa bacterial strain. The α-Fe₂O₃ NPs showed high antioxidant activity with DPPH and FRAP values of 86.05 % and 86.04 %, outperforming the antioxidant capacity of Cedrus deodara extract alone (79.16 % and 71.09 %). In cytotoxicity tests, they effectively inhibited osteosarcoma (MG63) and lung carcinoma (A549) cell lines, showing greater cytotoxicity against MG63 cells (IC50 of 19.86 μg/mL) than A549 cells (IC50 of 24.66 μg/mL) after 24 h. They also displayed strong antibacterial activity. This work presents a novel biogenic α-Fe₂O₃ nanoparticle synthesized from Cedrus deodara extract, exhibiting exceptional antioxidant, cytotoxic, and antibacterial activities.
{"title":"Sustainable synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles: Biological applications of Cedrus deodara extract","authors":"Shilpa Kumari , Mohit Sahni , Soumya Pandit , Neha Verma , Firdaus Mohamad Hamzah , Kuldeep Sharma , Kanu Priya","doi":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.01.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.01.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research article explains a green synthesis of α-Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles (NPs) utilizing <em>Cedrus deodara</em> wood extract. The wood extract of this medicinal plant was used to synthesize the α-Fe₂O₃ NPs and utilized in various applications including biological applications on Osteosarcoma (MG63) and Lung cancer (A549). Along with this, we have also estimated its anti-bacterial properties on <em>P. aeruginosa</em> bacterial strain. The α-Fe₂O₃ NPs showed high antioxidant activity with DPPH and FRAP values of 86.05 % and 86.04 %, outperforming the antioxidant capacity of <em>Cedrus deodara</em> extract alone (79.16 % and 71.09 %). In cytotoxicity tests, they effectively inhibited osteosarcoma (MG63) and lung carcinoma (A549) cell lines, showing greater cytotoxicity against MG63 cells (IC<sub>50</sub> of 19.86 μg/mL) than A549 cells (IC<sub>50</sub> of 24.66 μg/mL) after 24 h. They also displayed strong antibacterial activity. This work presents a novel biogenic α-Fe₂O₃ nanoparticle synthesized from <em>Cedrus deodara</em> extract, exhibiting exceptional antioxidant, cytotoxic, and antibacterial activities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11037,"journal":{"name":"Current Applied Physics","volume":"72 ","pages":"Pages 1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143093097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-20DOI: 10.1016/j.cap.2025.01.013
Juanjuan Wang , Pengkang Ma , Qizhen Chai , Fusheng Lai , Hongliang Du , Li Jin , Zhanhui Peng , Xiaolian Chao , Tianyi Yang
Ceramics with superior energy storage properties, serving as the dielectric layer of capacitors, are crucial for constructing high performance capacitors. In this study, we designed and characterized (1-x) (0.94Bi0.5Na0.5Ti03-0.06BaTiO3)-xNaTaO3 (BNBT-xNT) lead-free ceramics with enhanced energy storage capabilities. The incorporation of NaTaO3 induced a transition from non-polar to polar relaxation phase and transformed nano-domains into nano-micro domains. Under an applied electric field of 250 kV/cm, the 0.92 BNBT-0.08NT ceramics exhibited significantly higher effective energy storage density Wrec (3.07 J/cm3) and energy storage efficiency η (68 %). Moreover, these ceramics demonstrated remarkable discharge energy density Wd (1.1 J/cm3), high power density PD (75 MW/cm3), and fast charge and discharge speed t0.9 (258 ns). The exceptional stability in terms of energy storage performance suggests that BNBT-0.08NT ceramics hold great potential for pulse power applications.
{"title":"Sodium Tantalate doping-induced phase structure Regulation and electrical property enhancement in lead-free (Bi0.5Na0.5) 0.94Ba0.06TiO3 ceramics","authors":"Juanjuan Wang , Pengkang Ma , Qizhen Chai , Fusheng Lai , Hongliang Du , Li Jin , Zhanhui Peng , Xiaolian Chao , Tianyi Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.01.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.01.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ceramics with superior energy storage properties, serving as the dielectric layer of capacitors, are crucial for constructing high performance capacitors. In this study, we designed and characterized (1-<em>x</em>) (0.94Bi<sub>0.5</sub>Na<sub>0.5</sub>Ti0<sub>3</sub>-0.06BaTiO<sub>3</sub>)-<em>x</em>NaTaO<sub>3</sub> (BNBT-<em>x</em>NT) lead-free ceramics with enhanced energy storage capabilities. The incorporation of NaTaO<sub>3</sub> induced a transition from non-polar to polar relaxation phase and transformed nano-domains into nano-micro domains. Under an applied electric field of 250 kV/cm, the 0.92 BNBT-0.08NT ceramics exhibited significantly higher effective energy storage density <em>W</em><sub>rec</sub> (3.07 J/cm<sup>3</sup>) and energy storage efficiency <em>η</em> (68 %). Moreover, these ceramics demonstrated remarkable discharge energy density <em>W</em><sub>d</sub> (1.1 J/cm<sup>3</sup>), high power density <em>P</em><sub>D</sub> (75 MW/cm<sup>3</sup>), and fast charge and discharge speed <em>t</em><sub>0.9</sub> (258 ns). The exceptional stability in terms of energy storage performance suggests that BNBT-0.08NT ceramics hold great potential for pulse power applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11037,"journal":{"name":"Current Applied Physics","volume":"71 ","pages":"Pages 199-206"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143169210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-17DOI: 10.1016/j.cap.2025.01.012
Mengmeng Chu , Junhan Bae , Maha Nur Aida , Hasnain Yousuf , Jaljalalul Abedin Jony , Rafi Ur Rahman , Muhammad Quddamah Khokhar , Sangheon Park , Junsin Yi
This study explores the use of thermal treatment to recover defects at the a-Si:H/c-Si interface caused by transparent conductive oxide (TCO) deposition, improving passivation by diminishing interface defect density (Dit). A 200 °C thermal treatment enhanced HIT solar cell performance, increasing the effective bulk lifetime to 1.1 ms at a minority carrier density of 1.0 × 101⁵ cm⁻³. Key performance metrics improved, including Jsc (from 38.70 to 38.88 mA/cm2), Voc (from 727 to 730 mV), FF (from 75.50 % to 77.82 %), and efficiency (from 21.27 % to 22.09 %). AFORS-HET simulations showed that Dit must be less than 1 × 1011 cm⁻2 eV⁻1 for optimal efficiency. The best solar cell performance, achieved in simulations, included Jsc of 37.71 mA/cm2, Voc of 716.8 mV, FF of 83.50 %, and efficiency of 22.57 % at Dit of 1 × 10⁹ cm⁻2 eV⁻1. This combined approach offers insights into defect management for solar cell technology.
{"title":"Thermal curing of interface defects at a-si:H/c-Si in heterojunction with intrinsic thin layer (HIT) solar cell processing","authors":"Mengmeng Chu , Junhan Bae , Maha Nur Aida , Hasnain Yousuf , Jaljalalul Abedin Jony , Rafi Ur Rahman , Muhammad Quddamah Khokhar , Sangheon Park , Junsin Yi","doi":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.01.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.01.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the use of thermal treatment to recover defects at the a-Si:H/c-Si interface caused by transparent conductive oxide (TCO) deposition, improving passivation by diminishing interface defect density (D<sub>it</sub>). A 200 °C thermal treatment enhanced HIT solar cell performance, increasing the effective bulk lifetime to 1.1 ms at a minority carrier density of 1.0 × 10<sup>1</sup>⁵ cm⁻³. Key performance metrics improved, including J<sub>sc</sub> (from 38.70 to 38.88 mA/cm<sup>2</sup>), V<sub>oc</sub> (from 727 to 730 mV), FF (from 75.50 % to 77.82 %), and efficiency (from 21.27 % to 22.09 %). AFORS-HET simulations showed that D<sub>it</sub> must be less than 1 × 10<sup>11</sup> cm⁻<sup>2</sup> eV⁻<sup>1</sup> for optimal efficiency. The best solar cell performance, achieved in simulations, included J<sub>sc</sub> of 37.71 mA/cm<sup>2</sup>, V<sub>oc</sub> of 716.8 mV, FF of 83.50 %, and efficiency of 22.57 % at D<sub>it</sub> of 1 × 10⁹ cm⁻<sup>2</sup> eV⁻<sup>1</sup>. This combined approach offers insights into defect management for solar cell technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11037,"journal":{"name":"Current Applied Physics","volume":"71 ","pages":"Pages 184-189"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143169208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-15DOI: 10.1016/j.cap.2025.01.010
Aliyu Sani Abdulkarim , Monika Srivastava , Thejakhrielie Ngulezhu , Diksha Singh , Karol Strzałkowski , Ram Chandra Singh , M.Z.A. Yahya , S.N.F. Yusuf , Markus Diantoro
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are a category of third-generation solar cells technology, which gained significant attention due to their cost-effectiveness and electricity generation capabilities. However, there are concerns regarding the use of lead (Pb) in traditional PSCs, particularly its potential impact on the environment and human health. Consequently, the advancement of lead-free perovskite solar cells is of utmost importance to safeguard both the environment and human well-being. Tin-based perovskites present a promising alternative to lead-based PSCs. Tin (Sn) has shown promising optoelectronic properties and can be used as a substitute for lead. However, there are obstacles associated with the weak stability of Sn2+ ions that must be overcome in order to develop tin-based PSCs that are both extremely stable and efficient. This review specifically examines the progress made within the field of lead free tin-based perovskite solar cells, with a particular focus on stability and efficiency. The discussion delves into the effect of various cations and their compositions on the devices' stability. It is important to mention that devices based on tin halide perovskites have achieved an unexpectedly high level of efficiency in a short amount of time. Moreover, this review provides a summary of the strategies that have been employed to enhance, and improve the stability and the overall efficiency of tin-based PSCs.
{"title":"An overview of tin based perovskite solar cells: Stability and efficiency","authors":"Aliyu Sani Abdulkarim , Monika Srivastava , Thejakhrielie Ngulezhu , Diksha Singh , Karol Strzałkowski , Ram Chandra Singh , M.Z.A. Yahya , S.N.F. Yusuf , Markus Diantoro","doi":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.01.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.01.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are a category of third-generation solar cells technology, which gained significant attention due to their cost-effectiveness and electricity generation capabilities. However, there are concerns regarding the use of lead (Pb) in traditional PSCs, particularly its potential impact on the environment and human health. Consequently, the advancement of lead-free perovskite solar cells is of utmost importance to safeguard both the environment and human well-being. Tin-based perovskites present a promising alternative to lead-based PSCs. Tin (Sn) has shown promising optoelectronic properties and can be used as a substitute for lead. However, there are obstacles associated with the weak stability of Sn<sup>2+</sup> ions that must be overcome in order to develop tin-based PSCs that are both extremely stable and efficient. This review specifically examines the progress made within the field of lead free tin-based perovskite solar cells, with a particular focus on stability and efficiency. The discussion delves into the effect of various cations and their compositions on the devices' stability. It is important to mention that devices based on tin halide perovskites have achieved an unexpectedly high level of efficiency in a short amount of time. Moreover, this review provides a summary of the strategies that have been employed to enhance, and improve the stability and the overall efficiency of tin-based PSCs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11037,"journal":{"name":"Current Applied Physics","volume":"71 ","pages":"Pages 190-198"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143169209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An optimized molar ratio of magnesia (MgO) and boric acid (H3BO3) was used to synthesize the nanorod of single-phase magnesium borate (Mg2B2O5) through a solution reaction cum sintering process. Due to their impressive mechanical strength and resistance to heat and corrosion, magnesium borates (MB) nanorods are extensively applicable as reinforcing materials. A meticulous examination was undertaken to assess the characterization and physico-mechanical properties of Mg2B2O5 (MB) nanorods during the sintering process between 700 °C and 1200 °C. Mechanical properties of synthesized MB compacts were investigated between 700 and 1200 °C. The maximum value of high temperature flexural strength (HMOR) and room temperature flexural strength (CMOR) achieved by MB compacts are 42 MPa and 53 MPa respectively. Furthermore, the compacts have a maximum compressive strength of 118 MPa and a maximum hardness of 64 HV at 1100 °C, making it promising reinforcing material for composites.
{"title":"Effect of sintering temperatures on physico-mechanical properties of single-phase magnesium borate nanorods","authors":"Vaibhav Singh , Niraj Singh Mehta , Subhashish Dey , Manas Ranjan Majhi","doi":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.01.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.01.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An optimized molar ratio of magnesia (MgO) and boric acid (H<sub>3</sub>BO<sub>3</sub>) was used to synthesize the nanorod of single-phase magnesium borate (Mg<sub>2</sub>B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>) through a solution reaction cum sintering process. Due to their impressive mechanical strength and resistance to heat and corrosion, magnesium borates (MB) nanorods are extensively applicable as reinforcing materials. A meticulous examination was undertaken to assess the characterization and physico-mechanical properties of Mg<sub>2</sub>B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> (MB) nanorods during the sintering process between 700 °C and 1200 °C. Mechanical properties of synthesized MB compacts were investigated between 700 and 1200 °C. The maximum value of high temperature flexural strength (HMOR) and room temperature flexural strength (CMOR) achieved by MB compacts are 42 MPa and 53 MPa respectively. Furthermore, the compacts have a maximum compressive strength of 118 MPa and a maximum hardness of 64 HV at 1100 °C, making it promising reinforcing material for composites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11037,"journal":{"name":"Current Applied Physics","volume":"71 ","pages":"Pages 163-168"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143169212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-09DOI: 10.1016/j.cap.2025.01.009
Seungchul Choi , In Hak Lee , Yeong Gwang Khim , Jung Yun Kee , Tae Gyu Rhee , Hyo Won Seoh , Hyuk Jin Kim , Jun Woo Choi , Young Jun Chang
Among two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) materials, Fe3GeTe2 (FGT), a 2D vdW ferromagnetic material, has gained significant interest due to its high Curie temperature and perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. Despite the difficulties in fabricating high-quality crystals, the flux-assisted growth (FAG) method has recently emerged as a promising technique for synthesizing 2D vdW materials. In this study, we employed the FAG method to fabricate crystalline FGT nanosheets under varied growth parameters. Magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE) measurements revealed that the FGT nanosheets exhibit perpendicular magnetic anisotropy with a Curie temperature of 222 K. Additionally, the MOKE data indicate the presence of exchange bias phenomena, likely due to the FeO phase associated with oxidized FGT surface. These findings enhance our understanding of the fundamental physics of FGT nanosheets and contribute to the advancement of diverse 2D magnetic device applications.
{"title":"Magnetic properties of van der Waals ferromagnet Fe3GeTe2 nanosheets grown by flux-assisted growth","authors":"Seungchul Choi , In Hak Lee , Yeong Gwang Khim , Jung Yun Kee , Tae Gyu Rhee , Hyo Won Seoh , Hyuk Jin Kim , Jun Woo Choi , Young Jun Chang","doi":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.01.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.01.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Among two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) materials, Fe<sub>3</sub>GeTe<sub>2</sub> (FGT), a 2D vdW ferromagnetic material, has gained significant interest due to its high Curie temperature and perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. Despite the difficulties in fabricating high-quality crystals, the flux-assisted growth (FAG) method has recently emerged as a promising technique for synthesizing 2D vdW materials. In this study, we employed the FAG method to fabricate crystalline FGT nanosheets under varied growth parameters. Magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE) measurements revealed that the FGT nanosheets exhibit perpendicular magnetic anisotropy with a Curie temperature of 222 K. Additionally, the MOKE data indicate the presence of exchange bias phenomena, likely due to the FeO phase associated with oxidized FGT surface. These findings enhance our understanding of the fundamental physics of FGT nanosheets and contribute to the advancement of diverse 2D magnetic device applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11037,"journal":{"name":"Current Applied Physics","volume":"71 ","pages":"Pages 169-174"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143169213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-08DOI: 10.1016/j.cap.2025.01.007
Suman Guchhait , H. Aireddy , Niladri Sekhar Kander , A.K. Das
A polycrystalline ZnO film is fabricated on a cantilevered substrate of silicon by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique and investigated the electrostrictive and magnetostrictive (in-plane and out-of-plane) properties by an indigenously developed optical cantilever beam magnetometer (CBM) setup. The film shows excellent electrostrictive as well as magnetostrictive response at room temperature (300 K) with high values of piezoelectric strain coefficient ( = 69.69 p.m./V), piezoelectric stress coefficient ( = 7.75 C/m2), saturation magnetostriction ( = 1286.15 ppm & 647.99 ppm), and strain sensitivity (dλ/dH = 12.63 × 10 −9 A−1m & 8.29 × 10 −9 A−1m) in in-plane and out-of-plane configuration, respectively. The emergence of significant electrostrictive and magnetostrictive responses makes the ZnO film well suited for use as a ferroelectric (FE) or as a ferromagnetic (FM) material in electric field-controlled multiferroic magnetoelectric composites (i.e., FM/FE heterostructure) applicable for the development of novel spintronic devices.
{"title":"The coexistence of electrostrictive and magnetostrictive properties in a polycrystalline ZnO film","authors":"Suman Guchhait , H. Aireddy , Niladri Sekhar Kander , A.K. Das","doi":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.01.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.01.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A polycrystalline ZnO film is fabricated on a cantilevered substrate of silicon by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique and investigated the electrostrictive and magnetostrictive (in-plane and out-of-plane) properties by an indigenously developed optical cantilever beam magnetometer (CBM) setup. The film shows excellent electrostrictive as well as magnetostrictive response at room temperature (300 K) with high values of piezoelectric strain coefficient (<span><math><mrow><mo>|</mo><mi>d</mi><mo>|</mo></mrow></math></span> = 69.69 p.m./V), piezoelectric stress coefficient (<span><math><mrow><mo>|</mo><mi>e</mi><mo>|</mo></mrow></math></span> = 7.75 C/m<sup>2</sup>), saturation magnetostriction (<span><math><mrow><msub><mi>λ</mi><mi>s</mi></msub></mrow></math></span> = 1286.15 ppm & 647.99 ppm), and strain sensitivity (dλ/dH = 12.63 × 10 <sup>−9</sup> A<sup>−1</sup>m & 8.29 × 10 <sup>−9</sup> A<sup>−1</sup>m) in in-plane and out-of-plane configuration, respectively. The emergence of significant electrostrictive and magnetostrictive responses makes the ZnO film well suited for use as a ferroelectric (FE) or as a ferromagnetic (FM) material in electric field-controlled multiferroic magnetoelectric composites (i.e., FM/FE heterostructure) applicable for the development of novel spintronic devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11037,"journal":{"name":"Current Applied Physics","volume":"71 ","pages":"Pages 144-151"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143170836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-08DOI: 10.1016/j.cap.2025.01.001
Inseo Kim, Han-Youl Ryu, Minseok Choi
We perform first-principles calculations to examine the relationship of the oxygen vacancy () formation with dopants and mechanical strains in metallic tetragonal VO2. Both compressive and tensile biaxial strains lower the formation energy of , and the lowering of the formation energy is more pronounced under tensile strain. When six dopants, which possess different charge state and ionic radius, are introduced, the formation energy of increases, indicating that the dopants may suppress the formation in VO2. Strains lead to similar trends in the undoped case, i.e., strains reduce the formation energy in the doped VO2. Based on the results, we suggest that the difference in atomic relaxations of the two kinds of V–O bonds plays an important role in determining the formation energy of .
{"title":"Impact of dopants and strains on the oxygen vacancy formation in VO2","authors":"Inseo Kim, Han-Youl Ryu, Minseok Choi","doi":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We perform first-principles calculations to examine the relationship of the oxygen vacancy (<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>V</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>O</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>) formation with dopants and mechanical strains in metallic tetragonal VO<sub>2</sub>. Both compressive and tensile biaxial strains lower the formation energy of <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>V</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>O</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>, and the lowering of the formation energy is more pronounced under tensile strain. When six dopants, which possess different charge state and ionic radius, are introduced, the formation energy of <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>V</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>O</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> increases, indicating that the dopants may suppress the <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>V</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>O</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> formation in VO<sub>2</sub>. Strains lead to similar trends in the undoped case, i.e., strains reduce the <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>V</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>O</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> formation energy in the doped VO<sub>2</sub>. Based on the results, we suggest that the difference in atomic relaxations of the two kinds of V–O bonds plays an important role in determining the formation energy of <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>V</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>O</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11037,"journal":{"name":"Current Applied Physics","volume":"71 ","pages":"Pages 125-129"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143170837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-07DOI: 10.1016/j.cap.2025.01.004
Jae Young Kim , Sebinn Jang , Hyojun Jang , Jeongbin Nam , Habeeb Olaitan Suleiman , Eun Young Jung , Choon-Sang Park , Heung-Sik Tae
We propose a plasma reactor with a multiple bump-shaped wire electrode to increase the plasma volume for atmospheric pressure (AP) plasma polymerization. Triangular bumps are added to the tungsten wire in a plasma reactor in the form of a vessel capable of generating plasma. Since the discharge is initiated and maintained at the lower part of the triangular bump electrode, the effective volume of the glow plasma can be increased as the number of bumps increases. Even though a discharge imbalance due to differences in bump positions can adversely affect the uniformity of polymerized films, rotating the substrate can greatly improve film uniformity. With the developed AP plasma reactor, polythiophene (PTh) nanostructure films are synthesized and both the film characteristics and uniformity of the PTh nanostructures are investigated in detail. Additionally, conductive PTh films are produced through an iodine doping process, and the chemical properties and electrical stability of the doped PTh films are thoroughly examined.
{"title":"Polythiophene nanostructure film deposited using a bump electrode in atmospheric pressure plasma polymerization for increased film uniformity","authors":"Jae Young Kim , Sebinn Jang , Hyojun Jang , Jeongbin Nam , Habeeb Olaitan Suleiman , Eun Young Jung , Choon-Sang Park , Heung-Sik Tae","doi":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.01.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.01.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We propose a plasma reactor with a multiple bump-shaped wire electrode to increase the plasma volume for atmospheric pressure (AP) plasma polymerization. Triangular bumps are added to the tungsten wire in a plasma reactor in the form of a vessel capable of generating plasma. Since the discharge is initiated and maintained at the lower part of the triangular bump electrode, the effective volume of the glow plasma can be increased as the number of bumps increases. Even though a discharge imbalance due to differences in bump positions can adversely affect the uniformity of polymerized films, rotating the substrate can greatly improve film uniformity. With the developed AP plasma reactor, polythiophene (PTh) nanostructure films are synthesized and both the film characteristics and uniformity of the PTh nanostructures are investigated in detail. Additionally, conductive PTh films are produced through an iodine doping process, and the chemical properties and electrical stability of the doped PTh films are thoroughly examined.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11037,"journal":{"name":"Current Applied Physics","volume":"71 ","pages":"Pages 152-162"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143170842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-07DOI: 10.1016/j.cap.2025.01.006
M.A. Attallah, E. Sheha
Due to the construction's low cost, ecological appeal, friendliness, great theoretical density, and reliability, the Mg-S battery is an encouraging substitute for the pillar lithium battery. Nevertheless, self-discharge, the delayed conversion reaction pathway, and the absence of readily compatible electrolytes continue to restrict its beneficial uses. In this work, polymer electrolyte used 0.7 wt% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), (0.3-x)wt.%(Mg(CF3SO3)2) and xwt.%Na2H20B4O17 (x = 0,0.01,0.02,0.03,0.04,0.05) (PEx) have been prepared and characterized for usage in Mg-S batteries. Integrating the PVA_(0.3-x)wt.% (Mg(CF3SO3)2)_ 0.04Na2H20B4O17 (X4) with tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether (G4) demonstrates effective Mg plating and stripping behavior, good anodic stability (versus Mg/Mg 2+), and a significant ionic conductivity (8.09 10−7 S cm−1 at 323 K). The Mg-S is assembled using an X4_G4 electrolyte and delivers a reversible capacity of 100 mAh g−1 after 30 cycles.
{"title":"Tailoring the electrochemical performance of the polymer electrolyte using Na2H20B4O17 for magnesium sulfur battery applications","authors":"M.A. Attallah, E. Sheha","doi":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.01.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cap.2025.01.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to the construction's low cost, ecological appeal, friendliness, great theoretical density, and reliability, the Mg-S battery is an encouraging substitute for the pillar lithium battery. Nevertheless, self-discharge, the delayed conversion reaction pathway, and the absence of readily compatible electrolytes continue to restrict its beneficial uses. In this work, polymer electrolyte used 0.7 wt% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), (0.3-x)<sub>wt.%</sub>(Mg(CF<sub>3</sub>SO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>) and <sub>xwt.%</sub>Na<sub>2</sub>H<sub>20</sub>B<sub>4</sub>O<sub>17</sub> (x = 0,0.01,0.02,0.03,0.04,0.05) (PE<sub>x</sub>) have been prepared and characterized for usage in Mg-S batteries. Integrating the PVA_<sub>(0.3-x)wt.%</sub> (Mg(CF<sub>3</sub>SO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>)_ <sub>0.04</sub>Na<sub>2</sub>H<sub>20</sub>B<sub>4</sub>O<sub>17</sub> (X<sub>4</sub>) with tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether (G<sub>4</sub>) demonstrates effective Mg plating and stripping behavior, good anodic stability (versus Mg/Mg <sup>2+</sup>), and a significant ionic conductivity (8.09 <span><math><mrow><mo>×</mo></mrow></math></span> 10<sup>−7</sup> S cm<sup>−1</sup> at 323 K). The Mg-S is assembled using an X<sub>4</sub>_G<sub>4</sub> electrolyte and delivers a reversible capacity of 100 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> after 30 cycles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11037,"journal":{"name":"Current Applied Physics","volume":"71 ","pages":"Pages 175-183"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143169211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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