Current Applied Physics最新文献

英文中文

Effects of film thickness on the optical properties and thermal management ability of DC magnetron sputtered ITO films with visible light transmission and near-infrared light reflection applied in photovoltaic cell 薄膜厚度对光伏电池中具有可见光透射和近红外光反射的直流磁控溅射ITO薄膜光学性能和热管理能力的影响

IF 3.1 4区物理与天体物理 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Current Applied Physics

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.cap.2026.01.004

Wenning Shen , Yuxuan He , Aijun Yan , Yanfeng Ge , Zhiming Zhao , Zheng Liu

In this study, indium tin oxide (ITO) films with the thickness ranging from 95 to 380 nm were deposited by DC magnetron sputtering at 400 °C to systematically investigate the influence of film thickness on their photoelectrical properties. Within the 95–220 nm range, the crystals exhibited a preferential (400) orientation, which weakened beyond 220 nm. As the thickness increased, the electrical conductivity and NIR reflectance increased, while photovoltaic-band transmittance slighted decreased. The infrared isolation strengthened proportionally to film thickness. The 380 nm thick ITO film exhibited optimal performance, with an average transmittance of 83.12 % (400–1100 nm), an average reflectance of 59.72 % (1100–2500 nm), a sheet resistance of 3.67 Ω.sq⁻¹, and a total reflected radiation power of 81.36 W m⁻², along with a distinct cooling effect. Thickness adjustment allows for optimized solar spectrum selectivity, enabling effective solar radiation management without significantly compromising photovoltaic efficiency.

本文采用直流磁控溅射法制备了厚度为95 ~ 380 nm的氧化铟锡（ITO）薄膜，系统研究了薄膜厚度对其光电性能的影响。在95 ~ 220 nm范围内，晶体表现出优先取向（400），超过220 nm后取向减弱。随着厚度的增加，电导率和近红外反射率增加，而光伏波段透射率略有下降。红外隔离度随膜厚成比例增强。380 nm厚的ITO薄膜性能最佳，平均透过率为83.12% (400 ~ 1100 nm)，平均反射率为59.72% (1100 ~ 2500 nm)，片阻为3.67 Ω.sq−1，总反射辐射功率为81.36 W m−2，并具有明显的冷却效果。厚度调整允许优化太阳光谱选择性，实现有效的太阳辐射管理，而不会显著影响光伏效率。

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引用次数: 0

Quantitative analysis of Hall effect in two-dimensional materials 二维材料中霍尔效应的定量分析

IF 3.1 4区物理与天体物理 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Current Applied Physics

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.cap.2025.12.015

Kwangsu Kim , Tae-Eon Park , Sanghoon Kim , Kyoung-Whan Kim

Two-dimensional (2D) materials are a promising class of materials due to their exotic properties, including flexibility, atomically thin layer, and tunability. While Hall measurements are widely used to investigate promising and conductive materials, 2D material devices often exhibit non-uniform current flows due to the difficulty of fabrication, particularly in bottom-contact or via-contact geometries, complicating quantitative analysis. Here, we demonstrate numerical simulation by incorporating non-diagonal terms in the conductivity tensor, enabling accurate estimation of Hall voltages under arbitrary device geometry. The simulation reproduces device resistance and Hall voltage in Hall bar geometry as a function of resistivity tensor, consistent with analytic solutions derived in another study. We estimate Hall voltages in two geometries—bottom-contact and via-contact— and demonstrate how much the device configuration can suppress the Hall voltage depending on the location of probes. This work provides an extendable framework for analyzing transport properties quantitatively in 2D materials and semiconductors.

二维（2D）材料由于其独特的特性，包括柔韧性、原子薄层和可调性，是一类很有前途的材料。虽然霍尔测量被广泛用于研究有前途的导电材料，但由于制造困难，特别是在底部接触或过接触几何形状中，2D材料器件通常表现出不均匀的电流流动，使定量分析复杂化。在这里，我们通过在电导率张量中加入非对角项来演示数值模拟，从而能够准确估计任意器件几何形状下的霍尔电压。模拟再现了霍尔棒几何中器件电阻和霍尔电压作为电阻率张量的函数，与另一项研究得出的解析解一致。我们估计了两种几何形状的霍尔电压-底部接触和过接触-并演示了器件配置可以在多大程度上抑制霍尔电压，这取决于探头的位置。这项工作为定量分析二维材料和半导体的输运性质提供了一个可扩展的框架。

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引用次数: 0

Advancing burn wound monitoring: A non-invasive photoacoustic imaging approach 推进烧伤创面监测：一种无创光声成像方法

IF 3.1 4区物理与天体物理 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Current Applied Physics

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.cap.2025.12.012

Rosenti Pasaribu , Andreas Setiawan , Rini Widyaningrum , Mitrayana

Visual assessment of burn wounds is subjective and often fails to detect hemoglobin-weighted vascular changes that mark phase transitions. We evaluated photoacoustic imaging (PAI) using relative hemoglobin (Hb_rel), an internally normalized wound-to-healthy tissue comparison, to detect these transitions. Moist-thermal burns were induced ex vivo on Sprague-Dawley rat skin and imaged on days 1, 7, and 14 using a custom frequency-domain PAI system with an 808-nm diode laser and condenser microphone. Raster scanning with Fourier-transform-based signal extraction provided optimal contrast at a 15 kHz modulation frequency and a 50 % duty cycle. Hb_rel values reached 162 % ± 10 % on day 1, declined to 142 % ± 10 % on day 7, and 111 % ± 2 % on day 14, reflecting reduced vasodilation and progressive healing. These findings demonstrate that PAI can differentiate healthy tissue from burn regions, highlighting its potential as an adjunct tool for monitoring burn wound recovery.

烧伤创面的视觉评估是主观的，往往无法检测到标志着相变的血红蛋白加权血管变化。我们使用相对血红蛋白（Hbrel）来评估光声成像（PAI），这是一种内部标准化的伤口与健康组织比较，以检测这些转变。在Sprague-Dawley大鼠皮肤上体外诱导湿热烧伤，并在第1、7和14天使用808 nm二极管激光器和电容麦克风的定制频域PAI系统进行成像。光栅扫描与基于傅里叶变换的信号提取提供了最佳的对比度在15 kHz调制频率和50%占空比。Hbrel值在第1天达到162%±10%，在第7天下降到142%±10%，在第14天下降到111%±2%，反映血管舒张减少和渐进愈合。这些发现表明PAI可以将健康组织与烧伤区域区分开来，突出了其作为监测烧伤创面恢复的辅助工具的潜力。

引用次数: 0

Textile functionalization with Al-doped ZnO: Integrating triboelectric nanogenerator, UV protection, self-cleaning, and antimicrobial features al掺杂ZnO织物功能化：集摩擦电纳米发电机、紫外线防护、自清洁和抗菌特性于一体

IF 3.1 4区物理与天体物理 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Current Applied Physics

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.cap.2026.01.005

P. Hajara , M.R. Shijeesh , C.C. Mohan , K.J. Saji

Textile functionalization gives textiles additional features beyond their basic attributes, aiming to enhance qualities that meet specific needs for various applications. This study covers the deposition of pure and aluminum-doped ZnO thin films on conductive and flexible textiles to study features such as self-cleaning, anti-bacterial, UV protection, and triboelectricity. Radio frequency magnetron sputtering was used to deposit pure and doped ZnO on the textile. A triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) was fabricated by combining coated textiles with polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanofibers. The antibacterial activity of the samples was assessed against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria by agar and broth diffusion methods. Methylene blue dye was used to examine the photocatalytic self-cleaning process. ZnO-coated textiles exhibit impressive performance in triboelectricity, self-cleaning, UV protection, and antibacterial activity. Moreover, all these properties were found to be enhanced with the doping of Al in ZnO.

纺织品功能化赋予纺织品在其基本属性之外的额外特性，旨在提高满足各种应用特定需求的质量。本研究包括在导电和柔性纺织品上沉积纯ZnO和掺铝ZnO薄膜，以研究其自清洁、抗菌、防紫外线和摩擦电等特性。采用射频磁控溅射技术在纺织品上沉积了纯氧化锌和掺杂氧化锌。将涂层织物与聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF）纳米纤维结合制成摩擦电纳米发电机（TENG）。采用琼脂法和肉汤扩散法测定样品对革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌的抑菌活性。用亚甲基蓝染料考察了光催化自清洁过程。zno涂层纺织品在摩擦电、自清洁、紫外线防护和抗菌活性方面表现出令人印象深刻的性能。此外，在ZnO中掺杂Al后，这些性能都得到了增强。

引用次数: 0

Composition-tunable valley polarization in monolayer Mo1-xWxS2 alloys 单层Mo1-xWxS2合金的成分可调谷极化

IF 3.1 4区物理与天体物理 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Current Applied Physics

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.cap.2025.12.009

Won Uk Jeong , Jung Bin Ahn , Tae Jin Jeong , Yeonhee Ryu , Sung Kim

We report a systematic study of excitonic resonance and valley polarization in monolayer Mo_1-xW_xS₂ alloys with compositions x = 0, 0.4, 0.6, and 1.0. Monolayers prepared by mechanical exfoliation were characterized by microscopy, Raman, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Unpolarized photoluminescence (PL) spectra show a progressive blueshift of the A-exciton peak with increasing W content, consistent with bandgap evolution. Circularly polarized PL measurements reveal valley-selective emission, with the degree of valley polarization (DVP) defined as DVP = (I_co − I_cross)/(I_co + I_cross). The DVP exhibits a maximum near the A-exciton resonance and increases from 3.0 % at x = 0–20.4 % at x = 1.0, accompanied by a blueshift in peak position. The enhancement is attributed to stronger spin–orbit coupling, reduced exciton–phonon scattering, and alloy-modulated relaxation. These findings demonstrate alloy composition as a practical tuning parameter for valley polarization in 2D semiconductors, offering guidance for valleytronic and chiroptical devices.

我们系统地研究了成分x = 0、0.4、0.6和1.0的单层Mo1-xWxS2合金的激子共振和谷极化。通过显微镜、拉曼光谱和x射线光电子能谱对机械剥离制备的单层膜进行了表征。非偏振光致发光（PL）光谱显示，随着W含量的增加，a -激子峰的蓝移逐渐增加，这与带隙的演变一致。圆偏振PL测量显示谷选择性发射，谷偏振度（DVP）定义为DVP = (Ico−Icross)/(Ico + Icross)。DVP在a激子共振附近达到最大值，在x = 0 ~ 1.0时从3.0%增加到20.4%，并伴有峰位蓝移。这种增强是由于更强的自旋-轨道耦合、减少的激子-声子散射和合金调制弛豫。这些发现表明，合金成分是二维半导体中谷偏振的实际调谐参数，为谷电子和热电器件提供了指导。

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引用次数: 0

Tunable dual emission in host sensitized Eu3+ doped LiZnNbO4 phosphor for white light applications 白光应用中主敏化Eu3+掺杂liznbo4荧光粉的可调谐双发射

IF 3.1 4区物理与天体物理 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Current Applied Physics

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.cap.2025.12.010

Sincy Anna Oommen, Arya Gopinath, Parvathy O. Nair, P.R. Biju

A series of Li_(1-x)ZnNbO₄:xEu³⁺ phosphors were successfully synthesized using the solid state reaction method. XRD results confirmed the formation of a tetragonal structure with a space group of P4₁22. The DRS and PL excitation spectra confirmed that the prepared phosphors can be efficiently excited by UV and nUV light sources. Under 270 nm excitation, the host exhibited a broad blue emission band, while LiZnNbO₄:xEu³⁺ phosphors exhibit both blue and characteristic emission bands of Eu³⁺ ions resulting a tunable white light emission. Under 393 nm excitation, the prepared phosphors exhibit orange-red emission. Concentration quenching was observed at x = 0.06, and the critical distance calculated to be 17.12 Å. The energy transfer mechanism was determined to be dipole-dipole interaction. The prepared phosphors exhibit excellent color tunability from blue to red and in near white light emission, confirming their promise for potential use in advanced photonic applications.

采用固相反应法制备了一系列Li(1-x)ZnNbO4:xEu3+荧光粉。XRD结果证实形成了具有P4122空间基团的四方结构。DRS和PL激发光谱证实了所制备的荧光粉可以被紫外和紫外光源有效激发。在270 nm激发下，主体呈现出较宽的蓝色发射带，而LiZnNbO4:xEu3+荧光粉呈现出Eu3+离子的蓝色和特征发射带，从而产生可调谐的白光发射。在393 nm激发下，制备的荧光粉呈现橙红色发光。在x = 0.06处出现浓度猝灭，计算出临界距离为17.12 Å。确定了能量传递机制为偶极-偶极相互作用。所制备的荧光粉具有从蓝色到红色和近白光发射的优异颜色可调性，证实了它们在高级光子应用中的潜在应用前景。

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引用次数: 0

Can artificial intelligence techniques replace human labor in EXAFS data analysis? 人工智能技术能否在EXAFS数据分析中取代人工劳动？

IF 3.1 4区物理与天体物理 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Current Applied Physics

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.cap.2025.11.015

Eun-Suk Jeong, Sang-Wook Han

Extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) is a unique tool used to describe local structural properties around a selected element in a material. However, the quantitative analysis of EXAFS data remains a non-trivial task, especially for beginners in the field of EXAFS. While AI techniques can assist in the analysis of EXAFS data, there are still numerous challenges to overcome for the complete automation of EXAFS data analysis. We explored the automatic analysis of EXAFS data from various materials using deep reinforcement learning (DRL) methods. Unlike other AI techniques, DRL methods do not necessitate a large amount of pre-prepared data to train the neural networks (NNs) of an AI system, as they achieve optimal fits of EXAFS data by using a reward value set as the reciprocal of the R-factor of an EXAFS data fit. Our results strongly indicate that the DRL-EXAFS method can quantitatively analyze EXAFS data.

扩展x射线吸收精细结构（EXAFS）是一种独特的工具，用于描述材料中选定元素周围的局部结构特性。然而，对EXAFS数据的定量分析仍然是一项艰巨的任务，特别是对EXAFS领域的初学者来说。虽然人工智能技术可以帮助分析EXAFS数据，但要实现EXAFS数据分析的完全自动化，仍有许多挑战需要克服。我们探索了使用深度强化学习（DRL）方法对各种材料的EXAFS数据进行自动分析。与其他人工智能技术不同，DRL方法不需要大量预先准备的数据来训练人工智能系统的神经网络（nn），因为它们通过使用奖励值集作为EXAFS数据拟合的r因子的倒数来实现EXAFS数据的最佳拟合。结果表明，DRL-EXAFS方法可以定量分析EXAFS数据。

引用次数: 0

From synthesis to photocatalytic activity: A comparative assessment of chemically and green synthesized CeO2 nanoparticles 从合成到光催化活性：化学合成和绿色合成的CeO2纳米颗粒的比较评估

IF 3.1 4区物理与天体物理 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Current Applied Physics

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.cap.2026.01.006

Pervinder Kaur , Anu Kapoor , Anand Kumar , Suresh Kumar

Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO₂ NPs) were synthesized via chemical and green routes assisted by the hydrothermal technique using NaOH and Achyranthes aspera (A. aspera) leaf extract as reducing cum stabilizing agents. Structural, morphological, and optical properties of the nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and UV–visible spectroscopy. The crystallite size estimated by the Debye-Scherrer formula was found to be 12.83 nm and 5.75 nm for chemical and green synthesized CeO₂ NPs, respectively. The photocatalytic activity of CeO₂ NPs was examined through the photocatalytic degradation of MB dye under natural sunlight. After 60 min of sunlight exposure, the degradation efficiency of MB was limited to 11.53 % for chemically synthesized CeO₂ nanoparticles; however, green-synthesized CeO₂ nanoparticles exhibited a pronounced enhancement, achieving 78.41 % degradation. Overall, this study demonstrates the advantages of plant-mediated synthesis over the conventional chemical method and suggests that CeO₂ NPs hold significant promise for sustainable applications, particularly in water treatment.

以水合氢氧化钠和牛蒡叶提取物为还原剂和稳定剂，在水热辅助下，通过化学和绿色途径合成了氧化铈纳米颗粒（CeO2 NPs）。利用x射线衍射、傅里叶变换红外光谱、场发射扫描电镜和紫外可见光谱对纳米颗粒的结构、形态和光学性质进行了表征。通过Debye-Scherrer公式估计，化学合成的CeO2 NPs和绿色合成的CeO2 NPs的晶粒尺寸分别为12.83 nm和5.75 nm。通过在自然光照下光催化降解MB染料，考察了CeO2 NPs的光催化活性。光照60 min后，化学合成的CeO2纳米粒子对MB的降解效率限制在11.53%；然而，绿色合成的CeO2纳米颗粒表现出明显的增强，降解率达到78.41%。总的来说，这项研究证明了植物介导合成相对于传统化学方法的优势，并表明CeO2 NPs具有可持续应用的重大前景，特别是在水处理方面。

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Structural and magnetic phase stability and the surface states of gd-doped topological insulator Bi2Te3 掺杂钆的拓扑绝缘体Bi2Te3的结构、磁相稳定性和表面态

IF 3.1 4区物理与天体物理 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Current Applied Physics

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.cap.2025.12.019

Eun-Ha Shin , Miyoung Kim

Introducing magnetism into a topological insulator can profoundly alter its electronic structure, leading to exotic phenomena. We present density-functional theory calculations on Gd substitution in the topological insulator Bi₂Te₃ surface. The surface state and energy gap are investigated as a function of Gd position, concentration, and magnetic ordering. A single Gd prefers to be near the surface, lifting the degeneracy of the topological surface state (TSS) and opening an energy gap. For Gd dimers, intra-quintuple-layer (intra-QL) dimers prefer antiferromagnetic (AFM) ordering due to the superexchange interaction, whereas inter-QL dimers reveal degenerate ferromagnetic and AFM ordering. The AFM intra-atomic-layer dimers retain the Dirac point of TSS, indicating preservation of time reversal symmetry, whereas other Gd dimers open the TSS gap. Our results imply that Gd doping sensitively tunes the electronic structure of topological insulators, depending on its distribution and magnetic coupling, providing a route to manipulate the TSS

在拓扑绝缘体中引入磁性可以深刻地改变其电子结构，从而导致奇异现象。我们提出了密度泛函理论计算在拓扑绝缘体Bi2Te3表面的Gd取代。研究了Gd位置、浓度和磁有序度对表面态和能隙的影响。单个Gd倾向于靠近表面，从而提高了拓扑表面态（TSS）的简并性并打开了能隙。对于Gd二聚体，由于超交换相互作用，五层内二聚体（intra-QL）倾向于反铁磁（AFM）有序，而ql间二聚体则表现为退化的铁磁和AFM有序。AFM原子层内二聚体保留了TSS的Dirac点，表明保留了时间反转对称性，而其他Gd二聚体则打开了TSS的间隙。我们的研究结果表明，Gd掺杂可以灵敏地调整拓扑绝缘体的电子结构，这取决于它的分布和磁耦合，为操纵TSS提供了一条途径

引用次数: 0

Single-ion fluorescence probing of electro-optic modulator efficiency and Raman coupling in trapped-ion system 捕获离子系统中电光调制器效率和拉曼耦合的单离子荧光探测

IF 3.1 4区物理与天体物理 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Current Applied Physics

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.cap.2025.11.017

Hyerin Kim , Jieun Yoo , Yeongseo Kim , Hyunsoo Kim , Yerin Go , Dahyun Yum , Taeyoung Choi

We present a fluorescence-based method for optimizing electro-optic modulator (EOM) performance using a single trapped ion. By comparing fluorescence from a trapped ion with optical cavity measurements, we determine modulation conditions for optimizing optical sidebands, which is essential for driving various transitions relevant to ion-qubit manipulation. We also observe enhanced fluorescence from a trapped ion when applying high-power pulsed laser without EOM modulation. Since the pulsed laser is used for performing quantum gates on individual ions, this fluorescence signal can serve as a diagnostic tool for aligning the ion with a tightly focused laser beam. These results provide a practical method for optimizing sideband generation and diagnosing spatial beam overlap in trapped-ion quantum systems.

我们提出了一种基于荧光的方法来优化电光调制器（EOM）性能，使用单个捕获离子。通过比较捕获离子的荧光与光学腔测量，我们确定了优化光学边带的调制条件，这对于驱动与离子量子比特操作相关的各种跃迁至关重要。我们还观察到，当使用不带EOM调制的高功率脉冲激光时，捕获离子的荧光增强。由于脉冲激光用于在单个离子上执行量子门，这种荧光信号可以作为一种诊断工具，用于将离子与紧密聚焦的激光束对齐。这些结果为优化边带生成和诊断捕获离子量子系统中的空间束重叠提供了一种实用的方法。

引用次数: 0

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