We live in a time of fast-paced change and societal upheaval. Whether it’s choosing whom to vote for, documenting personal stories, finding friends and spouses, commercializing personal assets, or creating innovative products and services, traditional behaviors have given way to new opportunities and methods of accomplishing these activities. Moreover, these goals can be accomplished much more quickly than was ever possible previously. As a result, the existing structure of laws and rules that benefit society by ensuring, inter alia, public safety, competitive markets, environmental health, and access to justice for all have come under increased pressure. The clash is most visible in the public confrontations between companies in the sharing economy and the state and local governments that have been on the front lines as entire industries have been disrupted.This essay examines the conflict between innovators and regulators, exploring the reasons behind it and analyzing the problems from a multi-disciplinary perspective. Although this chapter is intended as a thought piece, and not an exhaustive look at the issues, I do propose a possible path forward that I hope will stimulate further research and analysis, leading ultimately to a solution that all stakeholders will embrace.
{"title":"Gauguin, Darwin, & Design Thinking: A Solution to the Impasse between Innovation & Regulation","authors":"Alice Armitage","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2886101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2886101","url":null,"abstract":"We live in a time of fast-paced change and societal upheaval. Whether it’s choosing whom to vote for, documenting personal stories, finding friends and spouses, commercializing personal assets, or creating innovative products and services, traditional behaviors have given way to new opportunities and methods of accomplishing these activities. Moreover, these goals can be accomplished much more quickly than was ever possible previously. As a result, the existing structure of laws and rules that benefit society by ensuring, inter alia, public safety, competitive markets, environmental health, and access to justice for all have come under increased pressure. The clash is most visible in the public confrontations between companies in the sharing economy and the state and local governments that have been on the front lines as entire industries have been disrupted.This essay examines the conflict between innovators and regulators, exploring the reasons behind it and analyzing the problems from a multi-disciplinary perspective. Although this chapter is intended as a thought piece, and not an exhaustive look at the issues, I do propose a possible path forward that I hope will stimulate further research and analysis, leading ultimately to a solution that all stakeholders will embrace.","PeriodicalId":11062,"journal":{"name":"Development of Innovation eJournal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81023537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
What roles do CEOs play in firm performance? To address this question, the management field has accumulated a substantial amount of research over the past three decades built on upper echelons theory (UET), which posits that CEO characteristics manifest in firm strategic actions and, in this way, future firm performance. Hence, there is a need to systematically amass and take stock of prior empirical findings for UET testing and development. We use meta-analytic techniques to synthesize prior UET research on the relationships among commonly studied CEO characteristics, firm strategic actions, and future firm performance. Based on 308 studies, metaanalytic results generally support UET’s predictions with a few exceptions: CEO characteristics (i.e., tenure, formal education, prior career experience, and positive self-concept) are significantly associated with firm strategic actions, which in turn are significantly related to future firm performance. Moreover, CEO characteristics (i.e., age, tenure, formal education, and prior career experience) are positively related to future firm performance. In addition, finegrained analyses have revealed interesting and important relationships between specific measures of CEO characteristics (e.g., CEO prior task experience) and firm outcomes (e.g., firm strategic actions that match with CEO prior task experience). Implications for theory, future research, and practice are discussed.
{"title":"Do CEOs Matter to Firm Strategic Actions and Firm Performance? A Meta-Analytic Investigation Based on Upper Echelons Theory","authors":"Gang Wang, R. M. Holmes, In-Sue Oh, Weichun Zhu","doi":"10.1111/PEPS.12140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/PEPS.12140","url":null,"abstract":"What roles do CEOs play in firm performance? To address this question, the management field has accumulated a substantial amount of research over the past three decades built on upper echelons theory (UET), which posits that CEO characteristics manifest in firm strategic actions and, in this way, future firm performance. Hence, there is a need to systematically amass and take stock of prior empirical findings for UET testing and development. We use meta-analytic techniques to synthesize prior UET research on the relationships among commonly studied CEO characteristics, firm strategic actions, and future firm performance. Based on 308 studies, metaanalytic results generally support UET’s predictions with a few exceptions: CEO characteristics (i.e., tenure, formal education, prior career experience, and positive self-concept) are significantly associated with firm strategic actions, which in turn are significantly related to future firm performance. Moreover, CEO characteristics (i.e., age, tenure, formal education, and prior career experience) are positively related to future firm performance. In addition, finegrained analyses have revealed interesting and important relationships between specific measures of CEO characteristics (e.g., CEO prior task experience) and firm outcomes (e.g., firm strategic actions that match with CEO prior task experience). Implications for theory, future research, and practice are discussed.","PeriodicalId":11062,"journal":{"name":"Development of Innovation eJournal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87958066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-11-07DOI: 10.1142/9789813220621_0009
M. T. Mathisen, Einar Rasmussen
Science-based entrepreneurial firms (SBEFs) that are set up to commercialize knowledge created in universities and other public research institutions typically face long development paths. They develop new products and services associated with high levels of technological, market, and organizational uncertainties. Despite strong interest from policy makers and universities to promote the creation of SBEFs, there is little systematic evidence on the value creation patterns and potential impacts of these firms. By using a real options approach, this study provides a detailed assessment of the portfolio of all 471 SBEFs supported by technology transfer offices, incubators and science parks in Norway from 1995 to 2012. By following an entire portfolio of firms over an extensive period of time, we overcome some of the shortcomings of prior spin-off research. The findings reveal that 97 firms in the portfolio had reached what could be considered a successful outcome, 126 had failed, while the remaining 251 may still be considered as real options with an uncertain outcome. Acquisitions appear to be an important mode of successful outcomes for these ventures; an outcome currently underexplored in the literature. The chapter concludes with implications for policy makers seeking to maximize the value creation potential of spin-offs from academic institutions.
{"title":"Science-Based Entrepreneurial Firms as Real Options: Assessing the Outcomes of the Norwegian Firm Population from 1995 to 2012","authors":"M. T. Mathisen, Einar Rasmussen","doi":"10.1142/9789813220621_0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/9789813220621_0009","url":null,"abstract":"Science-based entrepreneurial firms (SBEFs) that are set up to commercialize knowledge created in universities and other public research institutions typically face long development paths. They develop new products and services associated with high levels of technological, market, and organizational uncertainties. Despite strong interest from policy makers and universities to promote the creation of SBEFs, there is little systematic evidence on the value creation patterns and potential impacts of these firms. By using a real options approach, this study provides a detailed assessment of the portfolio of all 471 SBEFs supported by technology transfer offices, incubators and science parks in Norway from 1995 to 2012. By following an entire portfolio of firms over an extensive period of time, we overcome some of the shortcomings of prior spin-off research. The findings reveal that 97 firms in the portfolio had reached what could be considered a successful outcome, 126 had failed, while the remaining 251 may still be considered as real options with an uncertain outcome. Acquisitions appear to be an important mode of successful outcomes for these ventures; an outcome currently underexplored in the literature. The chapter concludes with implications for policy makers seeking to maximize the value creation potential of spin-offs from academic institutions.","PeriodicalId":11062,"journal":{"name":"Development of Innovation eJournal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72698312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper provides an overview of Centralized Shared Services Management (CSSM) concept as an idea initiated by SABIC top management to reach their goals successfully and to gain the expected values of strategic management change. These shared services organizations have been structured from Information System (IS), General Services (GS), Human Resources Management (HRM), and Engineering & Project Management (E&PM). All these departments are servicing and centralized setup. The project team was to manage this change of management using sophisticated, comprehensive and integrated software SAP system. Cost reduction and gaining specialization benefits are the main objectives of this change. The international market, thus, they have plans to enlarge their investment scale by large expansion so, they started building new petrochemical plants in the global market as well to cover petrochemical market demand and to shield their market segmentation as possible as they can. With this plan, an industry is further extending its worldwide leading position in the technology of converting gas to petrochemicals.
{"title":"The Effectiveness of Shared Services Engineering and Project Management as Basis for an Innovative Strategic Project Management System","authors":"Majed F. Al-Baiji, Dr. Julius B. Bertillo","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2864548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2864548","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides an overview of Centralized Shared Services Management (CSSM) concept as an idea initiated by SABIC top management to reach their goals successfully and to gain the expected values of strategic management change. These shared services organizations have been structured from Information System (IS), General Services (GS), Human Resources Management (HRM), and Engineering & Project Management (E&PM). All these departments are servicing and centralized setup. The project team was to manage this change of management using sophisticated, comprehensive and integrated software SAP system. Cost reduction and gaining specialization benefits are the main objectives of this change. The international market, thus, they have plans to enlarge their investment scale by large expansion so, they started building new petrochemical plants in the global market as well to cover petrochemical market demand and to shield their market segmentation as possible as they can. With this plan, an industry is further extending its worldwide leading position in the technology of converting gas to petrochemicals.","PeriodicalId":11062,"journal":{"name":"Development of Innovation eJournal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79636138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Process-oriented performance management in international business is a highly debated topic. One question repeatedly raised both in theory and practice is whether process-oriented performance management in national and international firms has to be structured (Tsai and Hung, 2009; Bourne et al., 2003). Moreover, it can be questioned whether the results of key performance indicators measured through financial control in national and international companies are really the same. In order to answer this question, an explorative study (using questionnaires) was conducted by Pforzheim University in the fourth quarter of 2014, in which 26 industrial partners participated. The article, therefore, focuses on the results of the survey which shows what key performance indicators are used (or not used at all) both in national and international companies. The main contribution of this article is the fact that, it shows how the management of key performance indicators in national and international business looks like in reality.
{"title":"Process Performance Management and Financial Control of Key Performance Indicators as Shown in an Explorative Study of National and International Companies","authors":"Bettina C. K. Binder","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2988010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2988010","url":null,"abstract":"Process-oriented performance management in international business is a highly debated topic. One question repeatedly raised both in theory and practice is whether process-oriented performance management in national and international firms has to be structured (Tsai and Hung, 2009; Bourne et al., 2003). Moreover, it can be questioned whether the results of key performance indicators measured through financial control in national and international companies are really the same. In order to answer this question, an explorative study (using questionnaires) was conducted by Pforzheim University in the fourth quarter of 2014, in which 26 industrial partners participated. The article, therefore, focuses on the results of the survey which shows what key performance indicators are used (or not used at all) both in national and international companies. The main contribution of this article is the fact that, it shows how the management of key performance indicators in national and international business looks like in reality.","PeriodicalId":11062,"journal":{"name":"Development of Innovation eJournal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84988078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Temporal quality is a dimension of quality that only time can tell. When firms scale down their investment in temporal quality, their blueprints are less able to stand the test of time, necessitating their replacement by even newer blueprints, and generating an illusion for observers that firms have speeded up their innovations. We also investigate when will Northern firms invest more in temporal quality than Southern firms do, and how their choices of temporal quality interact with their global sourcing decisions.
{"title":"Only Time Can Tell: Temporal Quality in Trade and Sourcing","authors":"Kim-Sau Chung, Chia-Hui Lu","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2906656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2906656","url":null,"abstract":"Temporal quality is a dimension of quality that only time can tell. When firms scale down their investment in temporal quality, their blueprints are less able to stand the test of time, necessitating their replacement by even newer blueprints, and generating an illusion for observers that firms have speeded up their innovations. We also investigate when will Northern firms invest more in temporal quality than Southern firms do, and how their choices of temporal quality interact with their global sourcing decisions.","PeriodicalId":11062,"journal":{"name":"Development of Innovation eJournal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73542862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Filimonova, L. Goncharenko, A. Yakushev, Irina Fatyanova
Russian Abstract: Статья посвящена анализу особенностей текстильной промышленности России, оценке динамики и перспектив ее развития и поиску путей преодоления кризисных явлений в данной отрасли на основании возможностей ее инновационного развития. Подчеркивается, что текстильная промышленность относится к категории отраслей индустриального экономического уклада. Это ограничивает возможности инновационного развития в рамках традиционных подходов и требует разработки специализированной программы антикризисного управления текстильной промышленностью. В статье изложены базовые пункты данной программы.English Abstract: This article analyzes the characteristics of the textile industry in Russia, assessing the dynamics and prospects of its development and find ways to overcome the crisis in the industry based on the capabilities of its innovative development. It is stressed that the textile industry is classified as an industrial sectors of economic structure. This limits the possibilities of innovation development in the framework of traditional approaches and requires the development of a specialized program of crisis management of the textile industry. The article outlines the basic points of the program.
{"title":"Преодоление Кризиса Текстильной Промышленности России На Основе Возможностей Инновационного Развития (Overcoming of Сrisis of the Textile Industry of Russia on the Basis of Possibilities of Innovative Development)","authors":"N. Filimonova, L. Goncharenko, A. Yakushev, Irina Fatyanova","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2842974","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2842974","url":null,"abstract":"Russian Abstract: Статья посвящена анализу особенностей текстильной промышленности России, оценке динамики и перспектив ее развития и поиску путей преодоления кризисных явлений в данной отрасли на основании возможностей ее инновационного развития. Подчеркивается, что текстильная промышленность относится к категории отраслей индустриального экономического уклада. Это ограничивает возможности инновационного развития в рамках традиционных подходов и требует разработки специализированной программы антикризисного управления текстильной промышленностью. В статье изложены базовые пункты данной программы.English Abstract: This article analyzes the characteristics of the textile industry in Russia, assessing the dynamics and prospects of its development and find ways to overcome the crisis in the industry based on the capabilities of its innovative development. It is stressed that the textile industry is classified as an industrial sectors of economic structure. This limits the possibilities of innovation development in the framework of traditional approaches and requires the development of a specialized program of crisis management of the textile industry. The article outlines the basic points of the program.","PeriodicalId":11062,"journal":{"name":"Development of Innovation eJournal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80564069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper studies (1) whether, from a welfare point of view, oligopolistic competition leads to too few or too many products in a market, and (2) how a change in competition affects the number and the composition of product offerings. We address these two questions in the context of the U.S. smartphone market. Our findings show the market contains too few products and that a reduction in competition decreases both product number and product variety. These results suggest that merger policies should be stricter when we take into account the effects of a merger on product choice in addition to those on pricing.
{"title":"Competition, Product Proliferation and Welfare: A Study of the U.S. Smartphone Market","authors":"Ying Fan, Chenyu Yang","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2506423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2506423","url":null,"abstract":"This paper studies (1) whether, from a welfare point of view, oligopolistic competition leads to too few or too many products in a market, and (2) how a change in competition affects the number and the composition of product offerings. We address these two questions in the context of the U.S. smartphone market. Our findings show the market contains too few products and that a reduction in competition decreases both product number and product variety. These results suggest that merger policies should be stricter when we take into account the effects of a merger on product choice in addition to those on pricing.","PeriodicalId":11062,"journal":{"name":"Development of Innovation eJournal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75581228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jaime Bonnín Roca, Parth Vaishnav, M. Morgan, J. Mendonça, E. Fuchs
Commercializing an emerging technology that employs an immature production process can be challenging, particularly when there are many different sources of uncertainty. In industries with stringent safety requirements, regulatory interventions that ensure safety while maintaining incentives for innovation can be particularly elusive. We use the extreme case of metal additive manufacturing (an emerging technology with many sources of process uncertainty) in commercial aviation (an industry where lapses in safety can have catastrophic consequences) to unpack how the characteristics of a technology may influence the options for regulatory intervention. Based on our findings, we propose an adaptive regulatory framework in which standards are periodically revised and in which different groups of companies are regulated differently as a function of their technological capabilities. We conclude by proposing a generalizable framework for regulating emerging process-based technologies in safety-critical industries in which the optimal regulatory configuration depends on the industry structure (number of firms), the performance and safety requirements, and the sources of technological uncertainty.
{"title":"When Risks Cannot Be Seen: Regulating Uncertainty in Emerging Technologies","authors":"Jaime Bonnín Roca, Parth Vaishnav, M. Morgan, J. Mendonça, E. Fuchs","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2812535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2812535","url":null,"abstract":"Commercializing an emerging technology that employs an immature production process can be challenging, particularly when there are many different sources of uncertainty. In industries with stringent safety requirements, regulatory interventions that ensure safety while maintaining incentives for innovation can be particularly elusive. We use the extreme case of metal additive manufacturing (an emerging technology with many sources of process uncertainty) in commercial aviation (an industry where lapses in safety can have catastrophic consequences) to unpack how the characteristics of a technology may influence the options for regulatory intervention. Based on our findings, we propose an adaptive regulatory framework in which standards are periodically revised and in which different groups of companies are regulated differently as a function of their technological capabilities. We conclude by proposing a generalizable framework for regulating emerging process-based technologies in safety-critical industries in which the optimal regulatory configuration depends on the industry structure (number of firms), the performance and safety requirements, and the sources of technological uncertainty.","PeriodicalId":11062,"journal":{"name":"Development of Innovation eJournal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75027144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Kromann, Nikolaj Malchow-møller, Jan Rose Skaksen, A. Sørensen
We investigate the effects of automation on total factor productivity (TFP). Using industry‐level panel data for nine countries, we find that a more intensive use of industrial robots has a significantly positive effect on TFP. Specifically, an increase of one standard deviation in the robot intensity is associated with more than 5 percent higher TFP. Moreover, we find that the robot intensity increases with Chinese import competition and that automation is associated with higher wages and unchanged or higher employment.
{"title":"Automation and Productivity – A Cross‐Country, Cross‐Industry Comparison","authors":"L. Kromann, Nikolaj Malchow-møller, Jan Rose Skaksen, A. Sørensen","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3096432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3096432","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate the effects of automation on total factor productivity (TFP). Using industry‐level panel data for nine countries, we find that a more intensive use of industrial robots has a significantly positive effect on TFP. Specifically, an increase of one standard deviation in the robot intensity is associated with more than 5 percent higher TFP. Moreover, we find that the robot intensity increases with Chinese import competition and that automation is associated with higher wages and unchanged or higher employment.","PeriodicalId":11062,"journal":{"name":"Development of Innovation eJournal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90551036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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