Pub Date : 2021-09-06eCollection Date: 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2021.1975383
Yunfei Shi, Jing Cai, Xueliang Wu, Yuanrong Cheng
Although hyperbranched polysiloxanes have been extensively studied, they have limited practical applications because of their low glass transition temperatures. In this study, we synthesized benzocyclobutene-functionalized hyperbranched polysiloxane (HB-BCB) via the Piers-Rubinsztajn reaction. The synthesized material was cured and crosslinking occurred at temperatures greater than 200 °C, forming a low-k thermoset resin with high thermostability. The structure of the resin was characterized using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, viz. 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopy. 29Si NMR spectroscopy was used to calculate the degree of branching. Differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic mechanical analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis revealed that the cured resin possesses good high-temperature mechanical properties and exhibits a high thermal decomposition temperature (Td5 = 512 °C). In addition, the cured resin has a low dielectric constant (k = 2.70 at 1 MHz) and low dissipation factor (2.13 × 10-3 at 1 MHz). Thus, the prepared resin can function as a low-k material with excellent high-temperature performance. These findings indicate that the performance of crosslinked siloxane is significantly attributed to the introduction of BCB groups and the formation of the highly crosslinked structure.
{"title":"Benzocyclobutene-functionalized hyperbranched polysiloxane for low-k materials with good thermostability.","authors":"Yunfei Shi, Jing Cai, Xueliang Wu, Yuanrong Cheng","doi":"10.1080/15685551.2021.1975383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15685551.2021.1975383","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although hyperbranched polysiloxanes have been extensively studied, they have limited practical applications because of their low glass transition temperatures. In this study, we synthesized benzocyclobutene-functionalized hyperbranched polysiloxane (HB-BCB) via the Piers-Rubinsztajn reaction. The synthesized material was cured and crosslinking occurred at temperatures greater than 200 °C, forming a low-k thermoset resin with high thermostability. The structure of the resin was characterized using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, viz. <sup>1</sup>H NMR and <sup>13</sup>C NMR spectroscopy. <sup>29</sup>Si NMR spectroscopy was used to calculate the degree of branching. Differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic mechanical analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis revealed that the cured resin possesses good high-temperature mechanical properties and exhibits a high thermal decomposition temperature (T<sub>d5</sub> = 512 °C). In addition, the cured resin has a low dielectric constant (k = 2.70 at 1 MHz) and low dissipation factor (2.13 × 10<sup>-3</sup> at 1 MHz). Thus, the prepared resin can function as a low-k material with excellent high-temperature performance. These findings indicate that the performance of crosslinked siloxane is significantly attributed to the introduction of BCB groups and the formation of the highly crosslinked structure.</p>","PeriodicalId":11170,"journal":{"name":"Designed Monomers and Polymers","volume":"24 1","pages":"285-292"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/23/ad/TDMP_24_1975383.PMC8425711.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39427409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-26eCollection Date: 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2021.1971858
Juan Li, Shengling Jiang, Liang Ding, Lingfang Wang
Since the trimerization of isocyanate occurs easily and controllably to form a clear trifunctional isocyanate ring, this reaction is an ideal candidate for the synthesis of a clear poly(urethane-isocyanurate) network polymer. Poly(urethane-isocyanurate) network polymer (PUI) was prepared from diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) and propylene glycol (PPG) by cyclotrimerization of isocyanate group (NCO). It was proved that the expected product was successfully prepared by NCO determination, fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC) characterization. The mechanical and thermal properties were characterized. Through the effects of catalyst dosage, polyurethane prepolymer molecular weight, reaction time, reaction temperature and MDI addition on the reaction process, it is determined that under certain other conditions, the step heating method is better for cyclotrimerization reaction. Generally, the better heating conditions are 60 °C/1 h + 80 °C/4 h + 100 °C/2 h + 120 °C/2 h + 140 °C/2 h + 160 °C/2 h. The results of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and mechanical properties showed that with the increase of cross-linking points in the polymer structure, the thermal stability, tensile strength, tensile modulus and hardness of PUI increased, while the elongation at break decreased significantly. The glass transition temperature (Tg) of PUI is around 45 °C, and it can be seen that the elastic modulus of the material can range from 58 to 1980 MPa. X-ray diffraction results show that the rubber phase represented by the flexible segment and the plastic phase represented by the rigid structure are amorphous.
由于异氰酸酯的三聚反应容易发生且可控,从而形成透明的三官能异氰酸酯环,因此该反应是合成透明聚(尿烷-异氰尿酸酯)网络聚合物的理想候选反应。以二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)和丙二醇(PPG)为原料,通过异氰酸酯基团(NCO)的环三聚反应制备了聚(尿烷-异氰尿酸酯)网络聚合物(PUI)。通过 NCO 测定、傅立叶变换红外(FTIR)和凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)表征,证明成功制备了预期产品。此外,还对其机械性能和热性能进行了表征。通过催化剂用量、聚氨酯预聚物分子量、反应时间、反应温度和 MDI 添加量对反应过程的影响,确定在某些其他条件下,分步加热法更适合环三聚反应。一般来说,较好的加热条件为 60 °C/1 h + 80 °C/4 h + 100 °C/2 h + 120 °C/2 h + 140 °C/2 h + 160 °C/2 h。热重分析(TGA)和机械性能结果表明,随着聚合物结构中交联点的增加,PUI 的热稳定性、拉伸强度、拉伸模量和硬度都有所提高,而断裂伸长率则明显下降。PUI 的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)约为 45 °C,由此可见,该材料的弹性模量范围为 58 至 1980 兆帕。X 射线衍射结果表明,柔性部分所代表的橡胶相和刚性结构所代表的塑料相均为非晶态。
{"title":"Reaction kinetics and properties of MDI base poly (urethane-isocyanurate) network polymers.","authors":"Juan Li, Shengling Jiang, Liang Ding, Lingfang Wang","doi":"10.1080/15685551.2021.1971858","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15685551.2021.1971858","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since the trimerization of isocyanate occurs easily and controllably to form a clear trifunctional isocyanate ring, this reaction is an ideal candidate for the synthesis of a clear poly(urethane-isocyanurate) network polymer. Poly(urethane-isocyanurate) network polymer (PUI) was prepared from diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) and propylene glycol (PPG) by cyclotrimerization of isocyanate group (NCO). It was proved that the expected product was successfully prepared by NCO determination, fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC) characterization. The mechanical and thermal properties were characterized. Through the effects of catalyst dosage, polyurethane prepolymer molecular weight, reaction time, reaction temperature and MDI addition on the reaction process, it is determined that under certain other conditions, the step heating method is better for cyclotrimerization reaction. Generally, the better heating conditions are 60 °C/1 h + 80 °C/4 h + 100 °C/2 h + 120 °C/2 h + 140 °C/2 h + 160 °C/2 h. The results of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and mechanical properties showed that with the increase of cross-linking points in the polymer structure, the thermal stability, tensile strength, tensile modulus and hardness of PUI increased, while the elongation at break decreased significantly. The glass transition temperature (Tg) of PUI is around 45 °C, and it can be seen that the elastic modulus of the material can range from 58 to 1980 MPa. X-ray diffraction results show that the rubber phase represented by the flexible segment and the plastic phase represented by the rigid structure are amorphous.</p>","PeriodicalId":11170,"journal":{"name":"Designed Monomers and Polymers","volume":"24 1","pages":"265-273"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8405120/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39375534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-19eCollection Date: 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2021.1968113
Han-Xiao Tao, Jia-Li Jiang
Through the reaction between HTrz and Cd(NO3)2 · 4H2O, a new Cd(II) compound of [Cd(Trz) 2] n (1, HTrz = 1,2,4-triazole) can be obtained, which has been studied with diffraction analysis by single crystal X-ray as well as powder X-ray diffraction. The structure of 1 can be stable up to 265°C, and the solid samples of 1 emit intense blue luminescence at room temperature. Along with the evaluation of tuberculosis treatment and clinical nursing, related mechanism was also studied here. Firstly, ELISA assay was conducted and the IL-10 and IL-18 released into the alveolar lavage fluid was determined. Apart from this, the real-time RT-PCR was used to reflect surviving gene's relative expression of Mycobacterium tuberculosis after compound treatment.
通过HTrz与Cd(NO3)2·4H2O的反应,可以得到新的Cd(II)化合物[Cd(Trz) 2] n (1,htrz = 1,2,4-三唑),并通过单晶x射线衍射和粉末x射线衍射对其进行了研究。1的结构可以稳定到265℃,1的固体样品在室温下发出强烈的蓝色发光。同时结合肺结核治疗的评价和临床护理,对相关机制进行了研究。首先采用ELISA法测定大鼠肺泡灌洗液中IL-10和IL-18的释放量。此外,采用实时RT-PCR技术反映结核分枝杆菌复合治疗后存活基因的相对表达量。
{"title":"Luminescent property and application values of a new Cd(II) compound in tuberculosis treatment and clinical nursing.","authors":"Han-Xiao Tao, Jia-Li Jiang","doi":"10.1080/15685551.2021.1968113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15685551.2021.1968113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Through the reaction between HTrz and Cd(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> · 4H<sub>2</sub>O, a new Cd(II) compound of [Cd(Trz) <sub>2</sub>] <sub>n</sub> (<b>1</b>, HTrz = 1,2,4-triazole) can be obtained, which has been studied with diffraction analysis by single crystal X-ray as well as powder X-ray diffraction. The structure of <b>1</b> can be stable up to 265°C, and the solid samples of <b>1</b> emit intense blue luminescence at room temperature. Along with the evaluation of tuberculosis treatment and clinical nursing, related mechanism was also studied here. Firstly, ELISA assay was conducted and the IL-10 and IL-18 released into the alveolar lavage fluid was determined. Apart from this, the real-time RT-PCR was used to reflect surviving gene's relative expression of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> after compound treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":11170,"journal":{"name":"Designed Monomers and Polymers","volume":"24 1","pages":"259-264"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8381915/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39343796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-17eCollection Date: 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2021.1965724
Umar Farooq, Akhtar Rasul, Muhammad Zafarullah, Ghulam Abbas, Maria Rasool, Farman Ali, Shabbir Ahmed, Zeeshan Javaid, Zoya Abid, Humayun Riaz, Rana Khalid Mahmood Arshad, Shayan Maryam, Naseem Amna, Kanwal Asif
In the current research, attempt is made to fabricate a nanoemulsion (NE) containing an antifungal agent. The prepared formulation has been expected to enhance skin penetration. It is also studied for in vitro drug release and toxicity assessment. Spontaneous titration method was used for preparation of NE. Prepared NE were characterized for their charge, size, morphology, rheological behaviour, drug release profile, skin permeability. The drug permeation and skin irritation were investigated. The in vitro antifungal activity was inspected using the well agar diffusion method. Miconazole NE showed good penetration in the skin as compared to marketed products. SEM showed semispherical shapes of the droplets. Zeta potential and zeta sizer showed that size was in nano ranges having positive charge.
{"title":"Nanoemulsions as novel nanocarrieres for drug delivery across the skin: In-vitro, in-vivo evaluation of miconazole nanoemulsions for treatment of <i>Candidiasis albicans</i>.","authors":"Umar Farooq, Akhtar Rasul, Muhammad Zafarullah, Ghulam Abbas, Maria Rasool, Farman Ali, Shabbir Ahmed, Zeeshan Javaid, Zoya Abid, Humayun Riaz, Rana Khalid Mahmood Arshad, Shayan Maryam, Naseem Amna, Kanwal Asif","doi":"10.1080/15685551.2021.1965724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15685551.2021.1965724","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the current research, attempt is made to fabricate a nanoemulsion (NE) containing an antifungal agent. The prepared formulation has been expected to enhance skin penetration. It is also studied for in vitro drug release and toxicity assessment. Spontaneous titration method was used for preparation of NE. Prepared NE were characterized for their charge, size, morphology, rheological behaviour, drug release profile, skin permeability. The drug permeation and skin irritation were investigated. The in vitro antifungal activity was inspected using the well agar diffusion method. Miconazole NE showed good penetration in the skin as compared to marketed products. SEM showed semispherical shapes of the droplets. Zeta potential and zeta sizer showed that size was in nano ranges having positive charge.</p>","PeriodicalId":11170,"journal":{"name":"Designed Monomers and Polymers","volume":"24 1","pages":"240-258"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8382019/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39343795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-27eCollection Date: 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2021.1956209
Numbury Surendra Babu, Said A H Vuai
In this research article, the new donor-acceptor (D-A) monomers developed using 4-methoxy-9-methyl-9 H-carbazole (MMCB) as electron donors and various electron acceptors. DFT and TD-DFT methods at the level of B3LYP with a 6-311 G basis set in a gas and chloroform solvent were used to calculate electronic and optoelectronic properties. To dissect the relationship between the molecular and optoelectronic structures, the impacts of specific acceptors on the geometry of molecules and optoelectronic properties of these D-A monomers were discussed. The calculations are also carried out on HOMO-LUMO, atomic orbital densities. The calculated band gap Eg of the monomers considered increases 3,6-MMCB-OCP ≈ 3,6-MMCB-BCO < 3,6-MMCB-SDP < 3,6-MMCB-SCP < 3,6-MMCB-TCP < 3,6-MMCB-TDP < 3,6-MMCB-BCS < 3,6-MMCB-BCT in both in the gas and solvent phases. Subsequently, the optoelectrical properties of EHOMO , ELUMO , Eopt , and EB energies were critically updated. Compared to different monomers, the far lower Eg of the 3,6-MMCB-OCP and 3,6-CB-BCO has shown optoelectronic applications in organic solar cells like BHJ.
{"title":"Theoretical studies of optoelectronic and photovoltaic properties of D-A polymer monomers by Density Functional Theory (DFT).","authors":"Numbury Surendra Babu, Said A H Vuai","doi":"10.1080/15685551.2021.1956209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15685551.2021.1956209","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this research article, the new donor-acceptor (D-A) monomers developed using 4-methoxy-9-methyl-9 H-carbazole (MMCB) as electron donors and various electron acceptors. DFT and TD-DFT methods at the level of B3LYP with a 6-311 G basis set in a gas and chloroform solvent were used to calculate electronic and optoelectronic properties. To dissect the relationship between the molecular and optoelectronic structures, the impacts of specific acceptors on the geometry of molecules and optoelectronic properties of these D-A monomers were discussed. The calculations are also carried out on HOMO-LUMO, atomic orbital densities. The calculated band gap <i>E</i> <sub><i>g</i></sub> of the monomers considered increases 3,6-MMCB-OCP ≈ 3,6-MMCB-BCO < 3,6-MMCB-SDP < 3,6-MMCB-SCP < 3,6-MMCB-TCP < 3,6-MMCB-TDP < 3,6-MMCB-BCS < 3,6-MMCB-BCT in both in the gas and solvent phases. Subsequently, the optoelectrical properties of <i>E</i> <sub><i>HOMO</i></sub> , <i>E</i> <sub><i>LUMO</i></sub> , <i>E</i> <sub><i>opt</i></sub> , and <i>E</i> <sub><i>B</i></sub> energies were critically updated. Compared to different monomers, the far lower <i>E</i> <sub>g</sub> of the 3,6-MMCB-OCP and 3,6-CB-BCO has shown optoelectronic applications in organic solar cells like BHJ.</p>","PeriodicalId":11170,"journal":{"name":"Designed Monomers and Polymers","volume":"24 1","pages":"224-237"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15685551.2021.1956209","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39292386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-27eCollection Date: 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2021.1953239
Ying Wan, Xu-Mei Chen, Qian Zhang, Hong-Biao Jiang, Ran Feng
ABSTRACT A fresh metal-organic framework (MOF) based on the Zn ions as the metal ions has been prepared via the solvothermal method, and its chemical formula is [Zn(byia)(DMF)]·1.5DMF·7H2O (1, byia = 5-(benzimidazol-2-yl) isophthalic acid). It is worth noting that the compound 1 has excellent water stability (which can be maintained in the water for at least a month). Most fascinating, in water, the compound 1 exhibits the strong blue luminescence, which can only be selectively quenched via the contaminant of the Cr2O7 2– ion. The selective luminescence quenching with low limits of detection and high values of K sv proved its better sensing property, which can be compared with the contemporary materials. To development new strategy for the sepsis treatment, the biological activity and mechanism of the compound was explored. Firstly, the ELIA detection was performed in this experiment to assess the inhibition of compound against inflammatory factor storm during sepsis. Then, the inflammatory response in the immune cells was assessed by real time RT-PCR.
{"title":"A luminescent Zn-MOF exhibiting high water stability: selective detection of Cr(VI) ion and treatment activity on sepsis.","authors":"Ying Wan, Xu-Mei Chen, Qian Zhang, Hong-Biao Jiang, Ran Feng","doi":"10.1080/15685551.2021.1953239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15685551.2021.1953239","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A fresh metal-organic framework (MOF) based on the Zn ions as the metal ions has been prepared via the solvothermal method, and its chemical formula is [Zn(byia)(DMF)]·1.5DMF·7H2O (1, byia = 5-(benzimidazol-2-yl) isophthalic acid). It is worth noting that the compound 1 has excellent water stability (which can be maintained in the water for at least a month). Most fascinating, in water, the compound 1 exhibits the strong blue luminescence, which can only be selectively quenched via the contaminant of the Cr2O7 2– ion. The selective luminescence quenching with low limits of detection and high values of K sv proved its better sensing property, which can be compared with the contemporary materials. To development new strategy for the sepsis treatment, the biological activity and mechanism of the compound was explored. Firstly, the ELIA detection was performed in this experiment to assess the inhibition of compound against inflammatory factor storm during sepsis. Then, the inflammatory response in the immune cells was assessed by real time RT-PCR.","PeriodicalId":11170,"journal":{"name":"Designed Monomers and Polymers","volume":"24 1","pages":"216-223"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15685551.2021.1953239","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39292385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) as a filling material that can enhance the crashworthiness of thin-walled tubes. GO-HGMS hybrid was prepared by solution blending of graphene oxide (GO) and hollow glass microspheres (HGMS). The effect of the composite on the compression properties of RPUF was investigated. The GO-HGMS hybrid was characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), x-ray diffraction(XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The compression test and microstructure results show that the best compression performance and the largest apparent density of the composite foam were obtained when the hybrid content was 4 wt %. In addition, the compression test results of empty tubes (ET) and foam-filled tubes (FFT) under lateral load indicate that the combination of lightweight foamed material and thin-walled tube improves the stability of thin-walled tube deformation and the ability of the structure to resist deformation. GO-HGMS/RPUF as the filling material of thin-walled tube structure greatly improves the bearing capacity and energy absorption level of ET.
{"title":"Preparation and properties of rigid polyurethane foams added with graphene oxide-hollow glass microspheres hybrid.","authors":"Dong Liu, Longqing Zou, Qianqian Chang, Tianyuan Xiao","doi":"10.1080/15685551.2021.1954340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15685551.2021.1954340","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) as a filling material that can enhance the crashworthiness of thin-walled tubes. GO-HGMS hybrid was prepared by solution blending of graphene oxide (GO) and hollow glass microspheres (HGMS). The effect of the composite on the compression properties of RPUF was investigated. The GO-HGMS hybrid was characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), x-ray diffraction(XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The compression test and microstructure results show that the best compression performance and the largest apparent density of the composite foam were obtained when the hybrid content was 4 wt %. In addition, the compression test results of empty tubes (ET) and foam-filled tubes (FFT) under lateral load indicate that the combination of lightweight foamed material and thin-walled tube improves the stability of thin-walled tube deformation and the ability of the structure to resist deformation. GO-HGMS/RPUF as the filling material of thin-walled tube structure greatly improves the bearing capacity and energy absorption level of ET.</p>","PeriodicalId":11170,"journal":{"name":"Designed Monomers and Polymers","volume":"24 1","pages":"208-215"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15685551.2021.1954340","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39274553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-28eCollection Date: 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2021.1936373
Wu Xuelian, Jiang Jiang, Yang Jian, Feng Qin, Wang Zhifeng
A flexible polyaniline/polyvinyl chloride (PVC) polymer conductive wire was prepared using flexible PVC polymer as the substrate by the swelling - in-situ polymerization method, the line-shaped dents were pressed on the substrate by the thermodynamic pre-deformation treatment technology. Based on the orthogonal test method, the effects of five main influencing factors - swelling time (A), swelling temperature (B), oxidation temperature (C), oxidation time (D), and oxidant concentration (E) - on the conductivity of the prepared polyaniline/PVC conductive wire was investigated. The results of the orthogonal array testing were subjected to range analysis and analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the influencing factors, in terms of significance, follow the order of swelling temperature, oxidation time, swelling time, oxidation temperature, and oxidant concentration, with the optimal factor-level combination being A2B2C2D2E2, which led to a desirable conductivity up to 1.19 × 10-1 S/cm. In addition, the influence of different conductive line size characteristics on the molecular structure, microstructure, and conductivity of polyaniline/PVC flexible conductive wire was further studied. On the microstructure, as the line width increases, the infrared absorption intensity ratio of the quinone ring and the benzene ring in the polyaniline/PVC conductive wires gradually approaches 1. The microstructure, as the line width of the polyaniline/PVC conductive wire increases, the formed polyaniline gradually changes from flakes and granules to fibrous strips and entangles with each other to form a spatial network structure. The conductivity of the wire increases with the increase of its width up to 1.48 × 10-1 S/cm.
{"title":"Preparation parameters of polyaniline/polyvinyl chloride flexible wires for electrical conductivity performance analysis based on orthogonal arrays.","authors":"Wu Xuelian, Jiang Jiang, Yang Jian, Feng Qin, Wang Zhifeng","doi":"10.1080/15685551.2021.1936373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15685551.2021.1936373","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A flexible polyaniline/polyvinyl chloride (PVC) polymer conductive wire was prepared using flexible PVC polymer as the substrate by the swelling - in-situ polymerization method, the line-shaped dents were pressed on the substrate by the thermodynamic pre-deformation treatment technology. Based on the orthogonal test method, the effects of five main influencing factors - swelling time (A), swelling temperature (B), oxidation temperature (C), oxidation time (D), and oxidant concentration (E) - on the conductivity of the prepared polyaniline/PVC conductive wire was investigated. The results of the orthogonal array testing were subjected to range analysis and analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the influencing factors, in terms of significance, follow the order of swelling temperature, oxidation time, swelling time, oxidation temperature, and oxidant concentration, with the optimal factor-level combination being A<sub>2</sub>B<sub>2</sub>C<sub>2</sub>D<sub>2</sub>E<sub>2</sub>, which led to a desirable conductivity up to 1.19 × 10<sup>-1</sup> S/cm. In addition, the influence of different conductive line size characteristics on the molecular structure, microstructure, and conductivity of polyaniline/PVC flexible conductive wire was further studied. On the microstructure, as the line width increases, the infrared absorption intensity ratio of the quinone ring and the benzene ring in the polyaniline/PVC conductive wires gradually approaches 1. The microstructure, as the line width of the polyaniline/PVC conductive wire increases, the formed polyaniline gradually changes from flakes and granules to fibrous strips and entangles with each other to form a spatial network structure. The conductivity of the wire increases with the increase of its width up to 1.48 × 10<sup>-1</sup> S/cm.</p>","PeriodicalId":11170,"journal":{"name":"Designed Monomers and Polymers","volume":"24 1","pages":"191-198"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15685551.2021.1936373","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39173539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-28eCollection Date: 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2021.1935535
Jing-Sen Chen, Sheng-Long Cao, Hai-Ying Hu, Juan Shen, Yu-Jun Qi
In this current experiment, by applying the mixed-ligand synthesis method, two coordination polymers (CPs) containing Co(II) were created triumphantly with reaction between 1,3-bis(1-imidazoly)benzene (mbib) and Co(II) salts with the aid of diverse carboxylic ligands, and their chemical formulae are [Co3(opda)3(mbib)4(H2O)4]·2H2O (1, H2opda is 1,2-phenylenediacetic acid) and [Co(mpda)(mbib)]·H2O (2, H2mpda is 1,3-phenylenediacetic acid). The two compounds' magnetic performances suggest that between the adjacent metal ions, there present the antiferromagnetic coupling. The evaluation of their treatment activity against chronic subdural hematoma was carried out and the relevant mechanism was studied simultaneously. Firstly, before the treatment of compound, the chronic subdural hematoma was generated. Furthermore, the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay detection kit was implemented and in hematoma capsule, the anti-inflammatory cytokines level and pro-inflammatory cytokines level was detected. Additionally, the cytotoxicity of compounds 1 and 2 on the normal human cells was determined with Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. Above all, we proved compound 1 decreased the pro-inflammatory cytokines content and increased the anti-inflammatory cytokines content in the hematoma capsule, which is much stronger than that of compound 2. Both compounds 1 and 2 showed no cytotoxicity on the normal human cells.
{"title":"Two Co(II) coordination polymers: magnetic properties and application values against chronic subdural hematoma.","authors":"Jing-Sen Chen, Sheng-Long Cao, Hai-Ying Hu, Juan Shen, Yu-Jun Qi","doi":"10.1080/15685551.2021.1935535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15685551.2021.1935535","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this current experiment, by applying the mixed-ligand synthesis method, two coordination polymers (CPs) containing Co(II) were created triumphantly with reaction between 1,3-bis(1-imidazoly)benzene (mbib) and Co(II) salts with the aid of diverse carboxylic ligands, and their chemical formulae are [Co<sub>3</sub>(opda)<sub>3</sub>(mbib)<sub>4</sub>(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>4</sub>]·2H<sub>2</sub>O (<b>1</b>, H<sub>2</sub>opda is 1,2-phenylenediacetic acid) and [Co(mpda)(mbib)]·H<sub>2</sub>O (<b>2</b>, H<sub>2</sub>mpda is 1,3-phenylenediacetic acid). The two compounds' magnetic performances suggest that between the adjacent metal ions, there present the antiferromagnetic coupling. The evaluation of their treatment activity against chronic subdural hematoma was carried out and the relevant mechanism was studied simultaneously. Firstly, before the treatment of compound, the chronic subdural hematoma was generated. Furthermore, the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay detection kit was implemented and in hematoma capsule, the anti-inflammatory cytokines level and pro-inflammatory cytokines level was detected. Additionally, the cytotoxicity of compounds <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> on the normal human cells was determined with Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. Above all, we proved compound <b>1</b> decreased the pro-inflammatory cytokines content and increased the anti-inflammatory cytokines content in the hematoma capsule, which is much stronger than that of compound <b>2</b>. Both compounds <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> showed no cytotoxicity on the normal human cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":11170,"journal":{"name":"Designed Monomers and Polymers","volume":"24 1","pages":"199-207"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15685551.2021.1935535","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39173540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-21DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2021.1935014
Juan Li
The preparation of liquid fluoroelastomers that are liquid with excellent mechanical properties remains a challenge. Here, we show a very straightforward method to produce liquid fluoroelastomers by introducing carborane. Carborane-terminated liquid fluoropolymer was synthesized by Steglich reaction of carboxyl-terminated liquid fluoropolymer and 1,7-bis (hydroxy)-carborane. The product is brown, viscous at room temperature and in the semi-solid state. On this basis, HDI Trimer was used as a curing agent to cure liquid fluoroelastomer. Thermogravimetric analysis of the cured products was carried out. The carbon residue rate of the cured product increased from 35% to 58% of the cured product. The results show that the addition of carborane structure can effectively improve the carbon residue rate of liquid fluoroelastomer. The tensile strength, elongation and shore hardness of the cured product were also examined, and the results show that the tensile strength of carborane modified liquid fluorine increased by 463% compared with that before modification, but the elongation at break was reduced by 42%, which was mainly due to the introduction of rigid structure of carborane. At the same time, the solvent resistance test results show that the introduction of carborane structure has little effect on the aviation kerosene resistance and organic solvent resistance of fluororubber, but it can improve its alkali resistance.
{"title":"Preparation and Characterization of Carborane Modified Liquid Fluoroelastomers and the investigation of their properties.","authors":"Juan Li","doi":"10.1080/15685551.2021.1935014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15685551.2021.1935014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The preparation of liquid fluoroelastomers that are liquid with excellent mechanical properties remains a challenge. Here, we show a very straightforward method to produce liquid fluoroelastomers by introducing carborane. Carborane-terminated liquid fluoropolymer was synthesized by Steglich reaction of carboxyl-terminated liquid fluoropolymer and 1,7-bis (hydroxy)-carborane. The product is brown, viscous at room temperature and in the semi-solid state. On this basis, HDI Trimer was used as a curing agent to cure liquid fluoroelastomer. Thermogravimetric analysis of the cured products was carried out. The carbon residue rate of the cured product increased from 35% to 58% of the cured product. The results show that the addition of carborane structure can effectively improve the carbon residue rate of liquid fluoroelastomer. The tensile strength, elongation and shore hardness of the cured product were also examined, and the results show that the tensile strength of carborane modified liquid fluorine increased by 463% compared with that before modification, but the elongation at break was reduced by 42%, which was mainly due to the introduction of rigid structure of carborane. At the same time, the solvent resistance test results show that the introduction of carborane structure has little effect on the aviation kerosene resistance and organic solvent resistance of fluororubber, but it can improve its alkali resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":11170,"journal":{"name":"Designed Monomers and Polymers","volume":"24 1","pages":"182-190"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15685551.2021.1935014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39139420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}