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Effect of synthesized sulfonate derivatives as nucleating agents on crystallization behavior of poly(lactic acid) 合成磺酸酯衍生物作为成核剂对聚乳酸结晶行为的影响
IF 1.6 4区 化学 Q3 POLYMER SCIENCE Pub Date : 2022-05-06 DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2022.2072697
Pasawat Jongpanya-Ngam, R. Khankrua, M. Seadan, S. Suttiruengwong
ABSTRACT The improvement of the crystallization of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is one of the key areas to allow PLA to perform better at higher temperature and load bearing. Due to its slow crystallization rate, either organic or inorganic nucleating agents (NAs) can be used to improve the crystallization rate of PLA. In the case of organic NAs, aromatic sulfonate salt and bisamide compounds are promising ones because they can control better clarity. The aim of this work was to study the crystallization behavior of PLA using as-synthesized dimethyl 5-sulfoisophthalate sodium salt (SSIPA) as a nucleating agent in comparison with the commercial sulfonate salt (LAK-301). Two grades of PLA (PLA L105 and PLA 3251D) were used in this study. PLA samples were prepared by internal mixer and compression molding. All samples were investigated by DSC and POM. The results from DSC showed that after introducing the nucleating agents into PLA, the crystallinity in all samples was improved. The highest crystallinity at 57.48% was obtained from PLA L105/SSIPA1.0. Isothermal crystallization kinetics showed the improvement in overall crystallization rate of PLA with nucleating agents. The lowest half time crystallization obtained was 1.19 min for PLA L105/SSIPA1.0 at 135 °C. The results from POM indicated the substantial increase of the nucleus density and smaller spherulite size upon adding nucleating agents.
摘要改善聚乳酸(PLA)的结晶性能是使PLA在更高的温度和负载下表现更好的关键领域之一。有机或无机成核剂(NAs)由于结晶速率慢,可以用来提高PLA的结晶速率。在有机NAs的情况下,芳香磺酸盐和双酰胺化合物是有前途的,因为它们可以控制更好的清晰度。本工作的目的是研究以合成的5-磺基间苯二甲酸二甲酯钠盐(SSIPA)为成核剂的PLA与商业磺酸盐(LAK-301)的结晶行为。本研究使用了两种等级的PLA(PLA L105和PLA 3251D)。PLA样品采用密炼机和模压法制备。通过DSC和POM对所有样品进行了研究。DSC结果表明,在PLA中引入成核剂后,所有样品的结晶度都有所提高。PLA L105/SIPA1.0的结晶度最高,为57.48%。等温结晶动力学表明,加入成核剂后PLA的总结晶速率有所提高。PLA L105/SIPA1.0在135°C下获得的最低半衰期结晶为1.19分钟。POM的结果表明,加入成核剂后,晶核密度显著增加,球晶尺寸减小。
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引用次数: 2
Dexamethasone-Loaded biodegradable magnetic microparticles for treatment of CFA-induced chronic pain in rats 负载地塞米松的可生物降解磁微粒治疗慢性疼痛大鼠慢性疼痛
IF 1.6 4区 化学 Q3 POLYMER SCIENCE Pub Date : 2022-04-28 DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2022.2068743
Jin Xin, Jichun Zheng, Yonghai Sun
ABSTRACT Traditional drug solutions or suspensions, have been shown to treat pain in complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA)-induced chronic inflammatory pain in rats, with or without combination with magnetic therapy. In this study, we aimed to prepare, characterize, and evaluate the therapeutic effects of microparticles containing dexamethasone for local administration and treatment of chronic inflammatory pain. The results showed the following; a) Preparation and characterization: two ratios of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)/poly(lactic acid) (PLA) were used. The prepared batches were similar in size and magnetic responsiveness. The microparticle size distribution assessed via electron microscopy suggested a homogeneous distribution and absence of aggregates. Dexamethasone release profiles (microparticles synthesized with a feed ratio of 1:4) showed a sustained release in vitro and good biocompatibility with tissues. b) Therapeutic effect: the treatment effect of dexamethasone-PLGA magnetic microspheres + magnetic therapy was substantially better than that observed for other groups on day 4, as monitored by appearance, mechanical pain threshold, and histological analysis. This type of carrier could be a suitable magnetically retainable local drug delivery system for treating chronic pain.
摘要传统药物溶液或混悬液已被证明可以治疗完全弗氏佐剂(CFA)诱导的大鼠慢性炎症性疼痛,无论是否结合磁疗。在本研究中,我们旨在制备、表征和评估含有地塞米松的微粒用于局部给药和治疗慢性炎症性疼痛的治疗效果。结果表明:;a) 制备和表征:使用两种比例的聚乳酸-羟基乙酸(PLGA)/聚乳酸(PLA)。制备的批次在尺寸和磁响应性方面相似。通过电子显微镜评估的微粒大小分布表明存在均匀分布和不存在聚集体。地塞米松释放谱(以1:4的进料比合成的微粒)显示出体外持续释放和与组织的良好生物相容性。b) 治疗效果:通过外观、机械疼痛阈值和组织学分析监测,地塞米松PLGA磁性微球+磁性治疗的治疗效果在第4天明显优于其他组。这种类型的载体可以是用于治疗慢性疼痛的合适的可磁性保持的局部药物递送系统。
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引用次数: 0
Polymerization of aniline hydrochloride in reverse of microemulsion by batch and semicontinuous process using ionic and nonionic surfactants 离子表面活性剂和非离子表面活性剂在反相微乳液中间歇和半连续聚合盐酸苯胺
IF 1.6 4区 化学 Q3 POLYMER SCIENCE Pub Date : 2022-04-12 DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2022.2063011
G. Pier Villegas, A. G. Alvarado Mendoza, L. G. Guerrero Ram U EDrez, L. C. Rosales-Rivera, J. Aguilar, F. J. Moscoso S U E Nchez
ABSTRACT The polymerization of aniline hydrochloride by inverse microemulsion in a batch process and the semicontinuous process was studied as a function of the surfactant ionic and nonionic. Polymerizations were carried out at 60°C for 4 h with a yield polymer of circa 67 and 27% wt. for ionic and nonionic surfactants. The conductivity of synthesized polyaniline by the semicontinuous process is higher up to three orders of magnitude than that of the batch process for both surfactants. The calculating degree of oxidation by UV-Vis showed the relative intensities of the quinoid to benzenoid unit around one. The morphology was determined by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and observed that the formation of the different morphologies is due to the self-assembly behavior of surfactant. The diameter z-average particle size (Dz) was studied by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), which determined that the diameter particle in a semicontinuous state is larger than the one produced in a batch; this is due to the control of monomer addition in the system. These findings suggest that the polymerization process and the type of surfactant influence the properties of polyaniline.
摘要研究了离子型和非离子型表面活性剂作用下,反相微乳液间歇聚合和半连续聚合苯胺盐酸盐的反应。聚合在60°C下进行4小时,离子和非离子表面活性剂的聚合物产率约为67和27%(重量)。对于两种表面活性剂,半连续工艺合成的聚苯胺的电导率都比间歇工艺高出三个数量级。UV-Vis计算的氧化度显示醌类与苯类单元的相对强度约为1。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)测定了表面活性剂的形貌,并观察到表面活性剂自组装行为导致了不同形貌的形成。通过透射电子显微镜(TEM)研究了直径z平均粒径(Dz),确定半连续状态下的直径颗粒大于批量生产的直径颗粒;这是由于对系统中单体添加的控制。这些发现表明,聚合过程和表面活性剂的类型会影响聚苯胺的性能。
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引用次数: 1
Quantitative analysis of degree of substitution/molar substitution of etherified polysaccharide derivatives. 定量分析醚化多糖衍生物的取代度/摩尔取代度。
IF 1.8 4区 化学 Q3 POLYMER SCIENCE Pub Date : 2022-03-23 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2022.2054118
Xue-Li Liu, Chun-Feng Zhu, Han-Chun Liu, Jia-Ming Zhu

Due to the unique properties such as nontoxicity, biodegradability, availability from renewable resources, and cost-effectiveness, polysaccharides play a very important part in the science and technology field. The various chemically modified derivatives of these offer a wide range of high value-added in both food and non-food industries. Among the chemical modification, etherified polysaccharide is one of the most widespread derivatives by introducing an ether group which is commonly stable in both acidic and alkaline conditions. Hydroxyalkylation, alkylation, carboxymethylation, cationization, and cyanoethylation are some of the modifications commonly employed to prepare polysaccharides ethers derivatives. There also has been a growing tendency for creating new types of modification by combining the different means of chemical techniques. The correct determination of degree of substitution (DS)/molar substitution (MS) is crucially important. The objective of this article is to summarize developments in synthetic etherified polysaccharides, involving analytical methods for determination of MS/DS, measurement processes, and the associated mechanisms.

由于多糖具有无毒、可生物降解、可从可再生资源中获取以及成本效益高等独特特性,因此在科技领域发挥着非常重要的作用。多糖的各种化学改性衍生物为食品和非食品行业提供了广泛的高附加值产品。在化学改性中,醚化多糖是最广泛的衍生物之一,它通过引入醚基,通常在酸性和碱性条件下都很稳定。羟烷基化、烷基化、羧甲基化、阳离子化和氰基乙基化是制备多糖醚衍生物常用的一些改性方法。此外,通过结合不同的化学技术手段来创造新型改性方法的趋势也日益明显。正确确定取代度(DS)/摩尔取代度(MS)至关重要。本文旨在总结合成醚化多糖的发展情况,包括测定 MS/DS 的分析方法、测量过程和相关机制。
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引用次数: 0
Synthesis and evaluation of chitosan based controlled release nanoparticles for the delivery of ticagrelor 壳聚糖控释纳米颗粒的合成与评价
IF 1.6 4区 化学 Q3 POLYMER SCIENCE Pub Date : 2022-03-20 DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2022.2054117
Nariman Shahid, Alia Erum, Muhammad Zaman, U. Tulain, Qurat-ul-ain Shoaib, N. Malik, R. Kausar, A. Rashid, Umaira Rehman
ABSTRACT The aim of this contemporary work was to formulate a controlled release mucoadhesive nanoparticle formulation for enhancing the oral bioavailability of Ticagrelor (TG), a BCS class IV drug, having low oral bioavailability of about 36%. The nanoparticles can act as efficient carriers for hydrophobic drugs, due to having high surface area and hence can improve their aqueous solubility due to their hydrophilic nature. The nanoparticles (NPs) of TG were formulated using chitosan (CH) as polymer and sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) as cross-linker, by ionic gelation technique with varying concentrations of polymer with respect to TG and TPP. Characterization of prepared nanoparticles was carried out to assess zeta potential, size, shape, entrapment efficiency (EE) and loading capacity (LC), using zeta sizer, surface morphology and chemical compatibility analysis. Drug release was observed using UV-Spectrophotometer. By increasing concentration of CH the desired size of particles (106.9 nm), zeta potential (22.6 mv) and poly dispersity index (0.364) was achieved. In vitro profiles showed a controlled and prolonged release of TG in both lower pH-1.2 and neutral pH-7.4 mediums, with effective protection of entrapped TG in simulated gastric conditions. X-ray diffraction patterns (XRD) showed the crystalline nature of formed NPs. Hence, this effort showed that hydrophobic drugs can be effectively encapsulated in nanoparticulate systems to enhance their solubility and stability, ultimately improving their bioavailability and effectiveness with better patient compliance by reducing dosing frequencies as well.
替格瑞洛(Ticagrelor, TG)是一种生物利用度较低的BCS IV类药物,其口服生物利用度约为36%,本研究旨在制备一种控释黏附纳米颗粒制剂,以提高其口服生物利用度。由于具有高表面积,纳米颗粒可以作为疏水药物的有效载体,因此由于其亲水性可以提高其水溶性。以壳聚糖(CH)为聚合物,三聚磷酸钠(TPP)为交联剂,采用不同浓度聚合物对TG和TPP进行离子胶凝法制备了TG纳米颗粒。通过zeta粒度仪、表面形貌和化学相容性分析,对制备的纳米颗粒进行表征,评估zeta电位、尺寸、形状、包埋效率(EE)和负载能力(LC)。用紫外分光光度计观察药物释放情况。通过增加CH的浓度,得到了理想的粒径(106.9 nm)、zeta电位(22.6 mv)和多分散性指数(0.364)。体外分析显示,TG在低pH-1.2和中性pH-7.4培养基中均有控制和延长释放,并在模拟胃条件下有效保护被捕获的TG。x射线衍射图(XRD)显示了形成的NPs的结晶性质。因此,这项工作表明,疏水药物可以有效地封装在纳米颗粒系统中,以提高其溶解度和稳定性,最终提高其生物利用度和有效性,并通过减少给药频率提高患者的依从性。
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引用次数: 10
Novelty in the development of biodegradable polymer coatings for biomedical devices: paclitaxel grafting on PDMMLA derivatives 生物降解聚合物涂层在生物医学设备中的发展新进展:PDMMLA衍生物上的紫杉醇接枝
IF 1.6 4区 化学 Q3 POLYMER SCIENCE Pub Date : 2022-03-20 DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2022.2054116
Elnaz Gholizadeh, Meriem Naim, R. Belibel, H. Hlawaty, C. Barbaud
ABSTRACT Biocompatible and biodegradable polymers are widely used in the medical field. In some cases, the biopolymer is accompanied by an active drug, which is delivered locally in a controlled manner in order to improve the healing conditions. Poly([R,S]-3,3-dimethylmalic acid) (PDMMLA) is a synthetic amphiphilic biodegradable polymer, which unlike PLA, can be chemically modified to adapt hydrophilic/hydrophobic balance, degradation kinetics, and physicochemical and biological properties. It may contain a lateral alkyl group or a functional group for coupling bioactive molecules to release during its degradation. In this work, we realized the chemical grafting of paclitaxel (PTX), a microtubule stabilizing anti-cancer agent on PDMMLA derivatives bio-polyesters following a Steglich esterification protocol. 1D and 2D NMR analyses validated the reaction with 10% (using 0.1 equivalent) of PTX on the copolymer PDMMLAH40-co-Hex60 (PDMMLA 40/60) and a maximal PTX grafting rate of 55% on the homopolymer PDMMLAH (PDMMLA 100/0). In vitro adhesion and cytotoxicity assays were carried out on HUVEC cells with PDMMLA 40/60, PDMMLA-PTX 30/10/60 and PLA.
摘要生物相容性和生物可降解聚合物在医学领域有着广泛的应用。在某些情况下,生物聚合物伴随着活性药物,该活性药物以可控的方式局部递送,以改善愈合条件。聚([R,S]-3,3-二甲基苹果酸)(PDMMLA)是一种合成的两亲性可生物降解聚合物,与PLA不同,它可以进行化学改性,以适应亲水/疏水平衡、降解动力学以及物理化学和生物特性。它可能含有侧烷基或官能团,用于在降解过程中偶联生物活性分子释放。在这项工作中,我们实现了紫杉醇(PTX)的化学接枝,这是一种微管稳定抗癌剂,按照Steglich酯化方案在PDMMLA衍生物生物聚酯上进行。1D和2D NMR分析验证了在共聚物PDMMLAH40-co-Hex60(PDMMLA 40/60)上用10%(使用0.1当量)的PTX和在均聚物PDMMLAH(PDMMLA100/0)上55%的最大PTX接枝率的反应。用PDMMLA 40/60、PDMMLA-PTX 30/10/60和PLA对HUVEC细胞进行体外粘附和细胞毒性测定。
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引用次数: 1
Two new supramolecular Ag(I) coordination polymers: luminescent properties and treatment activity on glioblastoma 两种新型超分子Ag(I)配位聚合物的发光性能及其对胶质母细胞瘤的治疗作用
IF 1.6 4区 化学 Q3 POLYMER SCIENCE Pub Date : 2022-02-25 DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2022.2041785
Xiao-Feng Yan, Yu-Qiang Sun, Qing-Wei Li
ABSTRACT Two new Ag(I) coordination polymers, namely [Ag(bpp)]·0.5 n(1,5-NDSA)·n(H2O) (1) and [Ag2(bpp)2]n·n(2,7-NDSA)·2 n(H2O)·n(CH3CN) (2) (Na2(1,5-NDSA) = sodium 1,5-naphthalenedisulfonate dibasic, Na2(2,7-NDSA) = sodium 1,5-naphthalenedisulfonate dibasic, bpp is 1,3-bis(4-pyridyl)propane), were generated via the solution evaporation method under room temperature. Moreover, the solids of these two compounds display strong luminescence emission at RT. And the application values of the compounds against the glioblastoma treatment were determined, and the corresponding mechanism was simultaneously tested. The analysis of CCK-8 was first implemented and the glioblastoma viability was measured. The real-time RT-PCR was next performed, and the signaling pathway activation of VEGF in glioblastoma cells was tested after treating by the above compound.
摘要:采用室温溶液蒸发法制备了[Ag(bpp)]·0.5 n(1,5- ndsa)·n(H2O)(1)和[Ag2(bpp)2]n·n(2,7- ndsa)·2n (H2O)·n(CH3CN) (2) (Na2(1,5- ndsa) = 1,5-萘二磺酸钠二碱性,Na2(2,7- ndsa) = 1,5-萘二磺酸钠二碱性,bpp为1,3-双(4-吡啶基)丙烷))两种新型Ag(I)配位聚合物。此外,这两种化合物的固体在rt下表现出较强的发光发射,并确定了化合物对胶质母细胞瘤治疗的应用价值,同时测试了相应的机制。首先进行CCK-8的分析,并测量胶质母细胞瘤的生存能力。然后进行实时RT-PCR,检测上述化合物作用于胶质母细胞瘤细胞后VEGF的信号通路激活情况。
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引用次数: 0
Low dielectric resins derived from hyperbranched carbosilane oligmers functionalized by benzocyclobutene groups. 由苯并环丁烯基团官能化的超支化碳硅烷低聚物衍生的低介电树脂。
IF 1.6 4区 化学 Q3 POLYMER SCIENCE Pub Date : 2021-12-09 eCollection Date: 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2021.2003556
Xian Li, Yawen Huang, Xu Ye, Quan Long, Wen Yuan, Li Fan, Qiuxia Peng, Jiajun Ma, Junxiao Yang

Polycarbosilanes have been considered as potential materials used in electronic packaging and circuit boards owing to their excellent low-dielectric performance. In this work, we prepared new hyperbranched carbosilane oligomers (HCBOs) which were functionalized by benzocyclobutene (BCB) groups. HCBOs can be thermally cured to produce transparent (HCBRs) with low dielectric constant and high thermostability.

聚碳硅烷因其出色的低介电性能,已被视为电子封装和电路板的潜在材料。在这项工作中,我们制备了新型超支化碳硅烷低聚物(HCBOs),并通过苯并环丁烯(BCB)基团进行了官能化。HCBO 可通过热固化生成具有低介电常数和高热稳定性的透明 (HCBR)。
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引用次数: 0
Fabrication, Characterization and Toxicity Evaluation of Chemically Cross linked Polymeric Network for Sustained Delivery of Metoprolol Tartrate. 用于酒石酸美托洛尔持续给药的化学交联聚合物网络的制造、表征和毒性评估
IF 1.6 4区 化学 Q3 POLYMER SCIENCE Pub Date : 2021-12-09 eCollection Date: 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2021.2003995
Sumaira, Ume Ruqia Tulain, Alia Erum, Muhammad Ajaz Hussain, Sidra, Nadia Shamshad Malik, Ayesha Rashid, Rizwana Kausar, Nitasha Gohar, Nariman Shahid, Mahwish Siddiqui

Natural mucilages are auspicious biodegradable polymeric materials. The aim of the present research work was to elucidate the characteristics of quince mucilage-based polymeric network for sustained delivery of metprolol tartrate and its toxicity evaluation. Mucilage was extracted by hot water extraction, and characterization of quince mucilage was accomplished by using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Different batches of quince mucilage polymeric network were prepared by free radical polymerization by utilizing varying ratios of quince mucilage, acrylamide and crosslinker. Degree of swelling depends on concentration of mucilage, monomer and also on crosslinking density of polymeric network. FTIR illustrates proficient grafting, and morphological (scanning electron microscopy) analysis signified porous design. Hence, quince mucilage-based design was encouraging for sustained delivery of metprolol tartrate and acute toxicity evaluation proved that mucilage-based network was safe for oral drug delivery system.

天然粘液是一种可生物降解的聚合材料。本研究工作旨在阐明基于榅桲粘液的聚合物网络在持续递送酒石酸甲泼洛尔方面的特性及其毒性评估。研究人员采用热水提取法提取了榅桲粘液,并利用傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)对榅桲粘液进行了表征。利用不同比例的榅桲粘液、丙烯酰胺和交联剂,通过自由基聚合法制备了不同批次的榅桲粘液聚合网络。溶胀程度取决于粘液、单体的浓度以及聚合物网络的交联密度。傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)显示了良好的接枝,形态学(扫描电子显微镜)分析表明了多孔设计。因此,基于榅桲粘液的设计在持续给药酒石酸甲泼洛尔方面是令人鼓舞的,急性毒性评估证明基于粘液的网络是安全的口服给药系统。
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引用次数: 0
Ultrasonic helical coil electrochemical reactor for simultaneous electrolysis-sonification-electrochemical polymerization, and applications for pollen cleaning. 用于同时电解-超声-电化学聚合的超声螺旋线圈电化学反应器及其在花粉清洗中的应用。
IF 1.6 4区 化学 Q3 POLYMER SCIENCE Pub Date : 2021-11-17 eCollection Date: 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2021.2003557
Kyoka Komaba, Hiromasa Goto

Electrochemical polymerization of aniline by a combination of ultrasonic waves and electrolysis of water was performed. This method involves three processes: 1) creation of O2 micro bubbles produced by electrolysis of water on the anode side, 2) depolarization of the bubbles at the electrode surface via mechanical vibration using ultrasonic waves to diffuse ions in the electrolyte solution, and 3) progression of direct current (DC) electrochemical polymerization to yield a conductive polymer with fine pores on the surface. The diameter of the pores is on the micrometer scale and is similar in size to pollens. The combination of the electronic function of the conductive polymer and porous polymer surface can be applied as a method to collect allergens such as dust and flower pollens. Electrical adsorption and desorption of pollen was conducted with the porous polyaniline synthesized using a micro-bubble sonic-electrochemical preparation.

研究了超声波与电解水相结合的苯胺电化学聚合反应。该方法包括三个过程:1)通过电解阳极一侧的水产生O2微气泡,2)通过超声波机械振动使电极表面的气泡去极化,扩散电解质溶液中的离子,3)通过直流(DC)电化学聚合的进展,产生表面上有细孔的导电聚合物。孔的直径在微米尺度上,与花粉的大小相似。导电聚合物的电子功能与多孔聚合物表面的结合可以作为一种收集灰尘和花粉等过敏原的方法。采用微泡超声电化学法制备多孔聚苯胺,对花粉进行电吸附和解吸。
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引用次数: 3
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Designed Monomers and Polymers
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