Pub Date : 2022-06-20eCollection Date: 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2022.2088977
Yimin Wu, Ling Zhang, Fudong Ma, Tao Ding, Ablikim Obolda
A new type of carbazole-based blue-emitting dendritic conjugated polymer, poly[(9,9-dioctyl)-2,7-fluorene-co-4,4',4"-triphenylamine-co-9-(4-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)butyl)-3,6-carbazole](P), was successfully synthesized by Suzuki coupling reaction. Chemical structures of monomers and polymer were verified by FI-IR and 1HNMR characterizations. We found that polymer showed a special selectivity and high sensitivity for I-. With the addition of I-, the fluorescent polymer solution was obviously quenched. The polymer showed a special detection effect on I-. However, the fluorescent polymer was obviously restored when Hg2+ was added to the P/I- system due to the large complexation between I- and Hg2+. The anti-interference experiments of probe P/I- showed that other background cations have a slight influence on detecting Hg2+, and the calculated detection limit of Hg2+ reached 9.7 × 10-8 M, which could be a potential application for a two-channel cyclic detection of I- and Hg2+. Additionally, it was found that the theoretical values were in agreement with the experimental data.
{"title":"Synthesis of carbazole-based dendritic conjugated polymer: a dual channel optical probe for the detection of I<sup>-</sup> and Hg<sup>2</sup>.","authors":"Yimin Wu, Ling Zhang, Fudong Ma, Tao Ding, Ablikim Obolda","doi":"10.1080/15685551.2022.2088977","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15685551.2022.2088977","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A new type of carbazole-based blue-emitting dendritic conjugated polymer, poly[(9,9-dioctyl)-2,7-fluorene-co-4,4',4\"-triphenylamine-co-9-(4-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)butyl)-3,6-carbazole](P), was successfully synthesized by Suzuki coupling reaction. Chemical structures of monomers and polymer were verified by FI-IR and <sup>1</sup>HNMR characterizations. We found that polymer showed a special selectivity and high sensitivity for I<sup>-</sup>. With the addition of I<sup>-</sup>, the fluorescent polymer solution was obviously quenched. The polymer showed a special detection effect on I<sup>-</sup>. However, the fluorescent polymer was obviously restored when Hg<sup>2+</sup> was added to the P/I<sup>-</sup> system due to the large complexation between I<sup>-</sup> and Hg<sup>2+</sup>. The anti-interference experiments of probe P/I<sup>-</sup> showed that other background cations have a slight influence on detecting Hg<sup>2+</sup>, and the calculated detection limit of Hg<sup>2+</sup> reached 9.7 × 10<sup>-8</sup> M, which could be a potential application for a two-channel cyclic detection of I<sup>-</sup> and Hg<sup>2+</sup>. Additionally, it was found that the theoretical values were in agreement with the experimental data.</p>","PeriodicalId":11170,"journal":{"name":"Designed Monomers and Polymers","volume":" ","pages":"184-196"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/88/76/TDMP_25_2088977.PMC9225711.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40399235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-20eCollection Date: 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2022.2090678
Hao-Lin Zhang, Qiang Jia, Fen Tian, Hui Zhang
Two Mn2+ coordination polymers (CPs) with the scientific terms of {[Mn(TTPA)·(H2O)2]·H2O} n (1) and {[Mn(TTPA)·(H2TTPA)]·2DMSO} n (2) were favorably created on the basis of multidentate linking organic ligand 2,5-bis-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-terephthalic acid (H2TTPA) in the conditions of solvent-presupposed thermal reaction. To measure the influence of two Mn2+ coordination polymers with novel structures, the ELISA assay and real-time RT-PCR assay were conducted in this present research. First of all, the ELISA assay was conducted to measure the content of inflammatory cytokines released into the hippocampal tissue. In addition to this, the relative expression of the TAU protein in the brain was further determined with real-time RT-PCR assay.
{"title":"Improvement of two Mn<sup>2+</sup> coordination polymers on cognitive function of aged rats after anesthesia.","authors":"Hao-Lin Zhang, Qiang Jia, Fen Tian, Hui Zhang","doi":"10.1080/15685551.2022.2090678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15685551.2022.2090678","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Two Mn<sup>2+</sup> coordination polymers (CPs) with the scientific terms of {[Mn(TTPA)·(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>2</sub>]·H<sub>2</sub>O} <i><sub>n</sub></i> (<b>1</b>) and {[Mn(TTPA)·(H<sub>2</sub>TTPA)]·2DMSO} <i><sub>n</sub></i> (<b>2</b>) were favorably created on the basis of multidentate linking organic ligand 2,5-bis-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-terephthalic acid (H<sub>2</sub>TTPA) in the conditions of solvent-presupposed thermal reaction. To measure the influence of two Mn<sup>2+</sup> coordination polymers with novel structures, the ELISA assay and real-time RT-PCR assay were conducted in this present research. First of all, the ELISA assay was conducted to measure the content of inflammatory cytokines released into the hippocampal tissue. In addition to this, the relative expression of the TAU protein in the brain was further determined with real-time RT-PCR assay.</p>","PeriodicalId":11170,"journal":{"name":"Designed Monomers and Polymers","volume":" ","pages":"205-211"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9225759/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40399236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An approach to prepare monodisperse polystyrene microspheres with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics has been developed which shows promising applications in fluorescence-encoding. The micron-sized, monodisperse polystyrene microspheres with AIE molecules were perfectly synthesized by two-stage dispersion polymerization. Fluorescent AIE monomer was synthesized by Suzuki reaction, confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). These AIE fluorogens (AIEgens) exhibited unique properties such as bright green emission in solid state and increased emission in tetrahydrofuran (THF) solution with the increase of water content. The influence of the AIE molecules concentration to microspheres synthesis was well investigated. The reaction conditions were optimized to obtain the functional polystyrene microspheres with a size distribution around 3%. The novel microspheres were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), confocal fluorescence microscope and flow cytometry. According to these results, two-stage dispersion polymerization was proved to be an efficient pathway for the preparation of AIE fluorescent and functionalized microspheres, which could be used in many biomedical industries.
{"title":"The preparation of novel AIE fluorescent microspheres by dispersion polymerization.","authors":"Hui Wang, Zhizhou Liu, Xueyan Nan, Tong Wang, Xuming Sun, Liang He, Pengli Bai","doi":"10.1080/15685551.2022.2088969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15685551.2022.2088969","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An approach to prepare monodisperse polystyrene microspheres with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics has been developed which shows promising applications in fluorescence-encoding. The micron-sized, monodisperse polystyrene microspheres with AIE molecules were perfectly synthesized by two-stage dispersion polymerization. Fluorescent AIE monomer was synthesized by Suzuki reaction, confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). These AIE fluorogens (AIEgens) exhibited unique properties such as bright green emission in solid state and increased emission in tetrahydrofuran (THF) solution with the increase of water content. The influence of the AIE molecules concentration to microspheres synthesis was well investigated. The reaction conditions were optimized to obtain the functional polystyrene microspheres with a size distribution around 3%. The novel microspheres were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), confocal fluorescence microscope and flow cytometry. According to these results, two-stage dispersion polymerization was proved to be an efficient pathway for the preparation of AIE fluorescent and functionalized microspheres, which could be used in many biomedical industries.</p>","PeriodicalId":11170,"journal":{"name":"Designed Monomers and Polymers","volume":" ","pages":"175-183"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/da/57/TDMP_25_2088969.PMC9225794.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40399233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-09DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2022.2086412
N. M. Nizardo, Dzul Fadli Alimin, Maria L A D Lestari
ABSTRACT This article reports the synthesis of poly(N-vinylcaprolactam-co-N-methylolacrylamide) (P(NVCL-co-NMA)) nanogels and investigates their thermo-/pH-responsive behavior. The formation of nanogels was synthesized using free radical emulsion polymerization by varying the monomer composition of NVCL:NMA, and their molecular structure was characterized by 1H-NMR and FTIR. It was found that the nanogels were successfully prepared, and the nanogels exhibited LCST-type phase transition behavior. Cloud point transition temperature (Tc) was studied as a function of copolymer composition, MBA concentration, and pH of the solution by exploring their changes in turbidity using UV–vis spectrophotometer. Our studies reveal that Tc nanogels increased with increasing concentration of NMA, which is due to the hydrophilicity of NMA. Our research also demonstrated that the increase in MBA percentage could decrease the Tc of the synthesized nanogels. Interestingly, P(NVCL-co-NMA) nanogels showed not only a thermoresponsive behavior but also a pH response with increasing Tc in a strong acidic environment owing to the H-bonds within the polymer chains. The results show that nanogels with initial monomer composition of NVCL and NMA of 75% and 25%, respectively, and using 4% of MBA showed Tc around 35°C at pH 7.4. In addition, DLS studies also confirmed this result since the particle sizes became much larger after surpassing the temperature of 35°C. Due to this founding, such nanogels might have potential application in controlled release. Nevertheless, further studies regarding the adjustment of Tc are still needed.
摘要本文报道了聚(n -乙烯基己内酰胺-co- n -甲基丙烯酰胺)(P(NVCL-co-NMA))纳米凝胶的合成，并研究了其热/ ph响应行为。通过改变NVCL:NMA单体组成，采用自由基乳液聚合法合成纳米凝胶，并用1H-NMR和FTIR对其分子结构进行表征。结果表明，纳米凝胶制备成功，且表现出lcst型相变行为。通过紫外-可见分光光度计考察共聚物组成、MBA浓度和溶液pH的浊度变化，研究了云点转变温度(Tc)随溶液浊度变化的关系。我们的研究表明，Tc纳米凝胶随着NMA浓度的增加而增加，这是由于NMA的亲水性。我们的研究还表明，增加MBA的百分比可以降低合成的纳米凝胶的Tc。有趣的是，由于聚合物链内的氢键，P(NVCL-co-NMA)纳米凝胶在强酸性环境中不仅表现出热响应行为，而且随着Tc的增加也表现出pH响应。结果表明，初始单体组成分别为75%和25%的NVCL和NMA，添加4%的MBA的纳米凝胶在pH 7.4下，在35℃左右显示出Tc。此外，DLS研究也证实了这一结果，因为超过35℃后，颗粒尺寸变得更大。由于这一发现，这种纳米凝胶在控释方面可能具有潜在的应用前景。但是，对于Tc的调整，还需要进一步的研究。
{"title":"Synthesis and characterization of dual-responsive poly(N-vinylcaprolactam-co-N-methylolacrylamide) nanogels","authors":"N. M. Nizardo, Dzul Fadli Alimin, Maria L A D Lestari","doi":"10.1080/15685551.2022.2086412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15685551.2022.2086412","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article reports the synthesis of poly(N-vinylcaprolactam-co-N-methylolacrylamide) (P(NVCL-co-NMA)) nanogels and investigates their thermo-/pH-responsive behavior. The formation of nanogels was synthesized using free radical emulsion polymerization by varying the monomer composition of NVCL:NMA, and their molecular structure was characterized by 1H-NMR and FTIR. It was found that the nanogels were successfully prepared, and the nanogels exhibited LCST-type phase transition behavior. Cloud point transition temperature (Tc) was studied as a function of copolymer composition, MBA concentration, and pH of the solution by exploring their changes in turbidity using UV–vis spectrophotometer. Our studies reveal that Tc nanogels increased with increasing concentration of NMA, which is due to the hydrophilicity of NMA. Our research also demonstrated that the increase in MBA percentage could decrease the Tc of the synthesized nanogels. Interestingly, P(NVCL-co-NMA) nanogels showed not only a thermoresponsive behavior but also a pH response with increasing Tc in a strong acidic environment owing to the H-bonds within the polymer chains. The results show that nanogels with initial monomer composition of NVCL and NMA of 75% and 25%, respectively, and using 4% of MBA showed Tc around 35°C at pH 7.4. In addition, DLS studies also confirmed this result since the particle sizes became much larger after surpassing the temperature of 35°C. Due to this founding, such nanogels might have potential application in controlled release. Nevertheless, further studies regarding the adjustment of Tc are still needed.","PeriodicalId":11170,"journal":{"name":"Designed Monomers and Polymers","volume":"25 1","pages":"155 - 164"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46275924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-09DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2022.2086396
Pengfei Gao, Ji-rong Liu
ABSTRACT A fresh Cu(II) coordination polymer, i.e., [Cu3(Hmbdc)2(mbdc)2(dmphen)2]n (1, H2mbdc = isophthalic acid, dmphen = 4,7-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline), has been generated with the hydrothermal reactions between Cu salts and the mixed ligands of 4,7-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline and isophthalic acid. Moreover, the catalytic activity of 1 was evaluated via degrading the Congo red with a method of Fenton with an excellent degradation efficiency of 95.8% at 100 min. Next, the application value of compound on stroke was assessed, and the related mechanisms were explored at the same time. First of all, the tumor necrosis factor-α and recombinant rat IL-1β content released into the plasma were determined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay detection kit. Besides, the activation of the HMGB1/TLR4 signaling pathway activation in cerebral vascular endothelial cells was also determined with real-time reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction assay.
{"title":"A Cu(II)-based coordination polymer: catalytic properties and treatment activity on stroke","authors":"Pengfei Gao, Ji-rong Liu","doi":"10.1080/15685551.2022.2086396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15685551.2022.2086396","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A fresh Cu(II) coordination polymer, i.e., [Cu3(Hmbdc)2(mbdc)2(dmphen)2]n (1, H2mbdc = isophthalic acid, dmphen = 4,7-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline), has been generated with the hydrothermal reactions between Cu salts and the mixed ligands of 4,7-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline and isophthalic acid. Moreover, the catalytic activity of 1 was evaluated via degrading the Congo red with a method of Fenton with an excellent degradation efficiency of 95.8% at 100 min. Next, the application value of compound on stroke was assessed, and the related mechanisms were explored at the same time. First of all, the tumor necrosis factor-α and recombinant rat IL-1β content released into the plasma were determined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay detection kit. Besides, the activation of the HMGB1/TLR4 signaling pathway activation in cerebral vascular endothelial cells was also determined with real-time reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction assay.","PeriodicalId":11170,"journal":{"name":"Designed Monomers and Polymers","volume":"25 1","pages":"148 - 154"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43387142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-09DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2022.2086411
M. Waqas, H. Sadia, Muhammad Imran Khan, M. Omer, M. Siddique, Shaista Qamar, Muhammad Zaman, M. H. Butt, M. W. Mustafa, Naeem Rasool
ABSTRACT Niosomes are multilamellar vesicles that efficiently deliver active substance into skin systemic circulation or skin layers. They are used in topical drug delivery system to enhance the skin permeation of active substance. So, the prime objective of this study was to develop a niosomal gel of fusidic acid to increase its skin permeation. Different formulations of niosomes of fusidic acid were designed by varying the cholesterol to surfactant ratio. Formulations containing fusidic acid, cholesterol, dihexadecyl pyridinium chloride, Span 60, or Tween 60 were prepared by thin film hydration method in rotary evaporator. The thin film formed in rotary flask was hydrated by phosphate buffer saline of pH 7.2. The niosomes formed were characterized through entrapment efficiency, size, polydispersity index (PDI), and zeta potential. The S3 formulation containing span 60 showed the highest entrapment efficiency (EE) of niosomes, so it was incorporated into Carbopol gel. Determination of pH, spreadability, rheological, and ex vivo permeation studies was conducted of niosomal gel. The results of ex vivo permeation studies showed high permeation of fusidic acid when gel was applied to an albino rat skin. According to the results and previous studies of niosomes, it can be concluded that niosomes enhanced the permeation of fusidic acid through the skin.
{"title":"Development and characterization of niosomal gel of fusidic acid: in-vitro and ex-vivo approaches","authors":"M. Waqas, H. Sadia, Muhammad Imran Khan, M. Omer, M. Siddique, Shaista Qamar, Muhammad Zaman, M. H. Butt, M. W. Mustafa, Naeem Rasool","doi":"10.1080/15685551.2022.2086411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15685551.2022.2086411","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Niosomes are multilamellar vesicles that efficiently deliver active substance into skin systemic circulation or skin layers. They are used in topical drug delivery system to enhance the skin permeation of active substance. So, the prime objective of this study was to develop a niosomal gel of fusidic acid to increase its skin permeation. Different formulations of niosomes of fusidic acid were designed by varying the cholesterol to surfactant ratio. Formulations containing fusidic acid, cholesterol, dihexadecyl pyridinium chloride, Span 60, or Tween 60 were prepared by thin film hydration method in rotary evaporator. The thin film formed in rotary flask was hydrated by phosphate buffer saline of pH 7.2. The niosomes formed were characterized through entrapment efficiency, size, polydispersity index (PDI), and zeta potential. The S3 formulation containing span 60 showed the highest entrapment efficiency (EE) of niosomes, so it was incorporated into Carbopol gel. Determination of pH, spreadability, rheological, and ex vivo permeation studies was conducted of niosomal gel. The results of ex vivo permeation studies showed high permeation of fusidic acid when gel was applied to an albino rat skin. According to the results and previous studies of niosomes, it can be concluded that niosomes enhanced the permeation of fusidic acid through the skin.","PeriodicalId":11170,"journal":{"name":"Designed Monomers and Polymers","volume":"25 1","pages":"165 - 174"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42466081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-09DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2022.2086413
Vu Quoc Trung, Tran Thi Thuy Duong, Nguyen Thi Dua, N. N. Linh, Lai Dang Cuong, Dao Phuong Thao, Vo Khac Huy, Nguyen Hoang Ha Phuong, Nguyen Hien, Duong Khanh Linh, Vu Quoc Manh, N. T. Chinh, T. Hoang, L. Van Meervelt
ABSTRACT Eight polythiophene derivatives containing pyrazoline side groups were synthesized by a chemical oxidative coupling polymerization using FeCl3. The crystal structures of four monomers were determined which confirm the almost perpendicular orientation of the thiophene and pyrazoline rings, while the other substituents are more coplanar. Analyses of IR, 1H-NMR, Raman and UV-Vis spectra demonstrated that the suggested polymerization was successful to generate the synthesized polythiophenes with the expected structures. The morphology of the synthesized polythiophenes was studied by SEM. The different substituents attached to the 1- and 3-positions of the pyrazoline side chain led to differences in optical properties, electrical conductivity, and thermal stability of the synthesized polythiophenes. By adding a pyrazoline side chain to polythiophenes, some polymers achieve good solubility, electrical conductivity of about 1.3 × 10–6 S/cm, high fluorescence intensity (above 40,000 a.u.) at 505–550 nm and thermal stability up to 590°C in the air.
{"title":"Synthesis and characterization of some novel polythiophene derivatives containing pyrazoline","authors":"Vu Quoc Trung, Tran Thi Thuy Duong, Nguyen Thi Dua, N. N. Linh, Lai Dang Cuong, Dao Phuong Thao, Vo Khac Huy, Nguyen Hoang Ha Phuong, Nguyen Hien, Duong Khanh Linh, Vu Quoc Manh, N. T. Chinh, T. Hoang, L. Van Meervelt","doi":"10.1080/15685551.2022.2086413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15685551.2022.2086413","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Eight polythiophene derivatives containing pyrazoline side groups were synthesized by a chemical oxidative coupling polymerization using FeCl3. The crystal structures of four monomers were determined which confirm the almost perpendicular orientation of the thiophene and pyrazoline rings, while the other substituents are more coplanar. Analyses of IR, 1H-NMR, Raman and UV-Vis spectra demonstrated that the suggested polymerization was successful to generate the synthesized polythiophenes with the expected structures. The morphology of the synthesized polythiophenes was studied by SEM. The different substituents attached to the 1- and 3-positions of the pyrazoline side chain led to differences in optical properties, electrical conductivity, and thermal stability of the synthesized polythiophenes. By adding a pyrazoline side chain to polythiophenes, some polymers achieve good solubility, electrical conductivity of about 1.3 × 10–6 S/cm, high fluorescence intensity (above 40,000 a.u.) at 505–550 nm and thermal stability up to 590°C in the air.","PeriodicalId":11170,"journal":{"name":"Designed Monomers and Polymers","volume":"25 1","pages":"136 - 147"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48213331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-09DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2022.2086397
Sheng-Min Sang, Min-Xia Zhang
ABSTRACT In the current research, two coordination polymers (CPs) have been produced solvothermally on the basis of a semi-rigid multifunctional tricarboxylate, i.e., 5-(3,4-dicarboxylphenoxy) nicotic acid (H3L), and the chemical compositions of the two compounds are [Zn(H2L)2(H2O)2] 1 and [Zn(HL)(2,2'-bpy)] (2, 2,2'-bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine), respectively. The structures and CHN analysis of both complexes were researched. The structural analysis results show that complex 1 features a 2D layered network with sql-type topology and complex 2 demonstrates a 2D layered network with uninodal hcb topology. The therapeutic activity and nursing application values of compounds against coronary heart disease were explored, and their relevant mechanism was assessed in meantime. The endothelin (ET) and prostacyclin (PGI2) contents released by the arterial endothelial cells into plasma were determined with ELISA assay. In addition to this, the alpha granule membrane protein 140 (GMP140) on the platelet was determined with real-time RT-PCR assay.
{"title":"Zn(II) coordination polymers: therapeutic activity and nursing application values against coronary heart disease","authors":"Sheng-Min Sang, Min-Xia Zhang","doi":"10.1080/15685551.2022.2086397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15685551.2022.2086397","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In the current research, two coordination polymers (CPs) have been produced solvothermally on the basis of a semi-rigid multifunctional tricarboxylate, i.e., 5-(3,4-dicarboxylphenoxy) nicotic acid (H3L), and the chemical compositions of the two compounds are [Zn(H2L)2(H2O)2] 1 and [Zn(HL)(2,2'-bpy)] (2, 2,2'-bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine), respectively. The structures and CHN analysis of both complexes were researched. The structural analysis results show that complex 1 features a 2D layered network with sql-type topology and complex 2 demonstrates a 2D layered network with uninodal hcb topology. The therapeutic activity and nursing application values of compounds against coronary heart disease were explored, and their relevant mechanism was assessed in meantime. The endothelin (ET) and prostacyclin (PGI2) contents released by the arterial endothelial cells into plasma were determined with ELISA assay. In addition to this, the alpha granule membrane protein 140 (GMP140) on the platelet was determined with real-time RT-PCR assay.","PeriodicalId":11170,"journal":{"name":"Designed Monomers and Polymers","volume":"25 1","pages":"128 - 135"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47067369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-06DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2022.2072697
Pasawat Jongpanya-Ngam, R. Khankrua, M. Seadan, S. Suttiruengwong
ABSTRACT The improvement of the crystallization of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is one of the key areas to allow PLA to perform better at higher temperature and load bearing. Due to its slow crystallization rate, either organic or inorganic nucleating agents (NAs) can be used to improve the crystallization rate of PLA. In the case of organic NAs, aromatic sulfonate salt and bisamide compounds are promising ones because they can control better clarity. The aim of this work was to study the crystallization behavior of PLA using as-synthesized dimethyl 5-sulfoisophthalate sodium salt (SSIPA) as a nucleating agent in comparison with the commercial sulfonate salt (LAK-301). Two grades of PLA (PLA L105 and PLA 3251D) were used in this study. PLA samples were prepared by internal mixer and compression molding. All samples were investigated by DSC and POM. The results from DSC showed that after introducing the nucleating agents into PLA, the crystallinity in all samples was improved. The highest crystallinity at 57.48% was obtained from PLA L105/SSIPA1.0. Isothermal crystallization kinetics showed the improvement in overall crystallization rate of PLA with nucleating agents. The lowest half time crystallization obtained was 1.19 min for PLA L105/SSIPA1.0 at 135 °C. The results from POM indicated the substantial increase of the nucleus density and smaller spherulite size upon adding nucleating agents.
{"title":"Effect of synthesized sulfonate derivatives as nucleating agents on crystallization behavior of poly(lactic acid)","authors":"Pasawat Jongpanya-Ngam, R. Khankrua, M. Seadan, S. Suttiruengwong","doi":"10.1080/15685551.2022.2072697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15685551.2022.2072697","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The improvement of the crystallization of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is one of the key areas to allow PLA to perform better at higher temperature and load bearing. Due to its slow crystallization rate, either organic or inorganic nucleating agents (NAs) can be used to improve the crystallization rate of PLA. In the case of organic NAs, aromatic sulfonate salt and bisamide compounds are promising ones because they can control better clarity. The aim of this work was to study the crystallization behavior of PLA using as-synthesized dimethyl 5-sulfoisophthalate sodium salt (SSIPA) as a nucleating agent in comparison with the commercial sulfonate salt (LAK-301). Two grades of PLA (PLA L105 and PLA 3251D) were used in this study. PLA samples were prepared by internal mixer and compression molding. All samples were investigated by DSC and POM. The results from DSC showed that after introducing the nucleating agents into PLA, the crystallinity in all samples was improved. The highest crystallinity at 57.48% was obtained from PLA L105/SSIPA1.0. Isothermal crystallization kinetics showed the improvement in overall crystallization rate of PLA with nucleating agents. The lowest half time crystallization obtained was 1.19 min for PLA L105/SSIPA1.0 at 135 °C. The results from POM indicated the substantial increase of the nucleus density and smaller spherulite size upon adding nucleating agents.","PeriodicalId":11170,"journal":{"name":"Designed Monomers and Polymers","volume":"25 1","pages":"115 - 127"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41511879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-28DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2022.2068743
Jin Xin, Jichun Zheng, Yonghai Sun
ABSTRACT Traditional drug solutions or suspensions, have been shown to treat pain in complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA)-induced chronic inflammatory pain in rats, with or without combination with magnetic therapy. In this study, we aimed to prepare, characterize, and evaluate the therapeutic effects of microparticles containing dexamethasone for local administration and treatment of chronic inflammatory pain. The results showed the following; a) Preparation and characterization: two ratios of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)/poly(lactic acid) (PLA) were used. The prepared batches were similar in size and magnetic responsiveness. The microparticle size distribution assessed via electron microscopy suggested a homogeneous distribution and absence of aggregates. Dexamethasone release profiles (microparticles synthesized with a feed ratio of 1:4) showed a sustained release in vitro and good biocompatibility with tissues. b) Therapeutic effect: the treatment effect of dexamethasone-PLGA magnetic microspheres + magnetic therapy was substantially better than that observed for other groups on day 4, as monitored by appearance, mechanical pain threshold, and histological analysis. This type of carrier could be a suitable magnetically retainable local drug delivery system for treating chronic pain.
{"title":"Dexamethasone-Loaded biodegradable magnetic microparticles for treatment of CFA-induced chronic pain in rats","authors":"Jin Xin, Jichun Zheng, Yonghai Sun","doi":"10.1080/15685551.2022.2068743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15685551.2022.2068743","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Traditional drug solutions or suspensions, have been shown to treat pain in complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA)-induced chronic inflammatory pain in rats, with or without combination with magnetic therapy. In this study, we aimed to prepare, characterize, and evaluate the therapeutic effects of microparticles containing dexamethasone for local administration and treatment of chronic inflammatory pain. The results showed the following; a) Preparation and characterization: two ratios of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)/poly(lactic acid) (PLA) were used. The prepared batches were similar in size and magnetic responsiveness. The microparticle size distribution assessed via electron microscopy suggested a homogeneous distribution and absence of aggregates. Dexamethasone release profiles (microparticles synthesized with a feed ratio of 1:4) showed a sustained release in vitro and good biocompatibility with tissues. b) Therapeutic effect: the treatment effect of dexamethasone-PLGA magnetic microspheres + magnetic therapy was substantially better than that observed for other groups on day 4, as monitored by appearance, mechanical pain threshold, and histological analysis. This type of carrier could be a suitable magnetically retainable local drug delivery system for treating chronic pain.","PeriodicalId":11170,"journal":{"name":"Designed Monomers and Polymers","volume":"25 1","pages":"98 - 114"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45386036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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