Pub Date : 2021-01-17DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2020.1860481
Huiru Wang, Yuanyuan Li, Yunpeng Min, Hang Zhang, Linkun Hao, Ru Zhang, Yunying Jiang, Yimin Song
Puerarin (Pue) is the most abundant isoflavonoid in kudzu root. It has been widely used as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. However, poor-bioavailability of puerarin is the main obstacle to its widespread clinical applications. In this paper, HA-ADH-PS nanomicelles were prepared by chemical modification, noncovalent modification and etc, and characterized by means of FT-IR, ultraviolet (UV) and thermogravimetric analysis (TG). The encapsulation efficiency and drug loading of Pue-loaded HA-ADH-PS nanomicelles were 45.1% and 19.89% by UV, respectively. It could be observed from the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images that HA-ADH-PS micelles appeared obvious spherical structure in the water. The particle size of HA-ADH-PS nanomicelles and Pue-loaded HA-ADH-PS nanomicelles were about 136.8 nm and 119.5 nm with a PDI of 0.237 and 0.272, respectively. The fluorescence probe method was used to characterize the critical micelle concentration, the critical micelle concentration (CMC) value of the nanomicells was 0.002 g/L and the results met the requirements and ensured the stability of micelles after dilution. DPPH assay suggested that Pue-loaded HA-ADH-PS nanomicelles had an obvious radical scavenging effect in vitro. MTT test showed that Pue-loaded HA-ADH-PS nanomicelles was non-toxic and had good biocompatibility. Thus, Pue-loaded HA-ADH-PS nanomicelles could be used as a potential drug carrier for puerarin.
{"title":"Preparation and properties of Pue-loaded HA-ADH-PS nanomicelles.","authors":"Huiru Wang, Yuanyuan Li, Yunpeng Min, Hang Zhang, Linkun Hao, Ru Zhang, Yunying Jiang, Yimin Song","doi":"10.1080/15685551.2020.1860481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15685551.2020.1860481","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Puerarin (Pue) is the most abundant isoflavonoid in kudzu root. It has been widely used as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. However, poor-bioavailability of puerarin is the main obstacle to its widespread clinical applications. In this paper, HA-ADH-PS nanomicelles were prepared by chemical modification, noncovalent modification and etc, and characterized by means of FT-IR, ultraviolet (UV) and thermogravimetric analysis (TG). The encapsulation efficiency and drug loading of Pue-loaded HA-ADH-PS nanomicelles were 45.1% and 19.89% by UV, respectively. It could be observed from the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images that HA-ADH-PS micelles appeared obvious spherical structure in the water. The particle size of HA-ADH-PS nanomicelles and Pue-loaded HA-ADH-PS nanomicelles were about 136.8 nm and 119.5 nm with a PDI of 0.237 and 0.272, respectively. The fluorescence probe method was used to characterize the critical micelle concentration, the critical micelle concentration (CMC) value of the nanomicells was 0.002 g/L and the results met the requirements and ensured the stability of micelles after dilution. DPPH assay suggested that Pue-loaded HA-ADH-PS nanomicelles had an obvious radical scavenging effect in vitro. MTT test showed that Pue-loaded HA-ADH-PS nanomicelles was non-toxic and had good biocompatibility. Thus, Pue-loaded HA-ADH-PS nanomicelles could be used as a potential drug carrier for puerarin.</p>","PeriodicalId":11170,"journal":{"name":"Designed Monomers and Polymers","volume":"24 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15685551.2020.1860481","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25329136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2021.1914406
Pongsakorn Nuchanong, M. Seadan, R. Khankrua, S. Suttiruengwong
ABSTRACT Poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) has recently caught more and more attention due to its renewability, good mechanical and barrier properties, as well as marine biodegradability. However, the severe thermal degradation during processing is a major drawback and limits its application. In this work, the thermal stability of PHBV during melt-processing was investigated by incorporating reactive agents. Various contents of Di(tert-butylperoxyisopropyl)benzene (DB), Triallyl isocyanurate (TAIC) and multi-functional epoxy chain extender (ECE) were used. The mixing torque, mechanical and thermal properties were studied. The results revealed that the mixing torque of PHBV gradually decreased during 10 min of melting time and eventually dropped to 2 N.m. Upon adding ECE, the mixing torque slightly increased but still decreased during 10 min period. For the system consisting of DB/TAIC or DB/TAIC/ECE, the mixing torque reached the equilibrium and their values were roughly twofold higher than PHBV alone. The possible crosslinking reaction and torque reversion were predominantly observed when adding high contents of DB and TAIC. 1 H NMR spectra suggested the reaction of DB/TAIC and PHBV. Young’s modulus and tensile strength of system consisting of DB at 0.3 phr, TAIC at 0.1 phr and ECE at 0.5 phr increased from 1440 and 40.4 MPa to 1803 and 55.5 MPa, respectively. TGA thermograms showed that the onset temperature and inflection point were improved when adding DB/TAIC and ECE. From the findings, it indicated that the combination of DB/TAIC and ECE was one of the simplest and effective ways to improve the melt viscosity without sacrificing the mechanical properties.
{"title":"Thermal stability enhancement of poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) through in situ reaction","authors":"Pongsakorn Nuchanong, M. Seadan, R. Khankrua, S. Suttiruengwong","doi":"10.1080/15685551.2021.1914406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15685551.2021.1914406","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) has recently caught more and more attention due to its renewability, good mechanical and barrier properties, as well as marine biodegradability. However, the severe thermal degradation during processing is a major drawback and limits its application. In this work, the thermal stability of PHBV during melt-processing was investigated by incorporating reactive agents. Various contents of Di(tert-butylperoxyisopropyl)benzene (DB), Triallyl isocyanurate (TAIC) and multi-functional epoxy chain extender (ECE) were used. The mixing torque, mechanical and thermal properties were studied. The results revealed that the mixing torque of PHBV gradually decreased during 10 min of melting time and eventually dropped to 2 N.m. Upon adding ECE, the mixing torque slightly increased but still decreased during 10 min period. For the system consisting of DB/TAIC or DB/TAIC/ECE, the mixing torque reached the equilibrium and their values were roughly twofold higher than PHBV alone. The possible crosslinking reaction and torque reversion were predominantly observed when adding high contents of DB and TAIC. 1 H NMR spectra suggested the reaction of DB/TAIC and PHBV. Young’s modulus and tensile strength of system consisting of DB at 0.3 phr, TAIC at 0.1 phr and ECE at 0.5 phr increased from 1440 and 40.4 MPa to 1803 and 55.5 MPa, respectively. TGA thermograms showed that the onset temperature and inflection point were improved when adding DB/TAIC and ECE. From the findings, it indicated that the combination of DB/TAIC and ECE was one of the simplest and effective ways to improve the melt viscosity without sacrificing the mechanical properties.","PeriodicalId":11170,"journal":{"name":"Designed Monomers and Polymers","volume":"24 1","pages":"113 - 124"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15685551.2021.1914406","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48529958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-23DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2020.1845428
Yunpeng Min, Hang Zhang, Huiru Wang, Yimin Song
This work aims to study the construction of reverse aspirin-loaded micelles prepared from amphiphilic PEG-PLA-SA triblock copolymers and the optimization of the preparation process. Using polyethylene glycol (PEG) as the initiator, ring-opening polymerization of L-lactide (L-LA) was used to prepare PEG-PLA diblock copolymers. Final product PEG-PLA-SA triblock copolymers were prepared by the reaction of stearic acid (SA) and PEG-PLA catalyzed by 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) and N,N'-Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC). Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR) was used to characterize the product structure. PEG-PLA-SA triblock copolymers self-assembled in toluene/ethanol/water system to form reverse micelles, which could encapsulate aspirin into a hydrophilic core. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to determine the size and morphology of reverse micelles. The results showed that the reverse micelles are spherical, with a particle size of less than 70 nm. Response surface analysis method was applied to optimize the preparation process of PEG-PLA-SA. In vitro drug release was achieved by embedding reverse aspirin-loaded micelles in the biocompatible membrane in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) at 37°C. In the first 8 h, the drug release rate of the triblock copolymers was slower than that of the diblock copolymers. After 8 h, the drug release rate of both tended to be flat. The stability of aspirin-loaded reverse micelles was studied through accelerated test. These results indicate that reverse micelle PEG-PLA-SA may be a promising carrier for hydrophilic drugs like aspirin.
{"title":"Construction of poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(L-lactic acid)-stearic acid reverse aspirin-loaded micelles and optimization of preparation process.","authors":"Yunpeng Min, Hang Zhang, Huiru Wang, Yimin Song","doi":"10.1080/15685551.2020.1845428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15685551.2020.1845428","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This work aims to study the construction of reverse aspirin-loaded micelles prepared from amphiphilic PEG-PLA-SA triblock copolymers and the optimization of the preparation process. Using polyethylene glycol (PEG) as the initiator, ring-opening polymerization of L-lactide (L-LA) was used to prepare PEG-PLA diblock copolymers. Final product PEG-PLA-SA triblock copolymers were prepared by the reaction of stearic acid (SA) and PEG-PLA catalyzed by 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) and N,N'-Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC). Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR) was used to characterize the product structure. PEG-PLA-SA triblock copolymers self-assembled in toluene/ethanol/water system to form reverse micelles, which could encapsulate aspirin into a hydrophilic core. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to determine the size and morphology of reverse micelles. The results showed that the reverse micelles are spherical, with a particle size of less than 70 nm. Response surface analysis method was applied to optimize the preparation process of PEG-PLA-SA. In vitro drug release was achieved by embedding reverse aspirin-loaded micelles in the biocompatible membrane in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) at 37°C. In the first 8 h, the drug release rate of the triblock copolymers was slower than that of the diblock copolymers. After 8 h, the drug release rate of both tended to be flat. The stability of aspirin-loaded reverse micelles was studied through accelerated test. These results indicate that reverse micelle PEG-PLA-SA may be a promising carrier for hydrophilic drugs like aspirin.</p>","PeriodicalId":11170,"journal":{"name":"Designed Monomers and Polymers","volume":"23 1","pages":"208-221"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2020-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15685551.2020.1845428","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38366704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Currently, magnetic applications have great potential for development in the field of drug carriers. In this paper, Fe3O4-PVA@SH, an amphiphilic magnetically targeting drug carrier, was prepared by using Fe3O4 and PVA with thiohydrazide-iminopropyltriethoxysilane(TIPTS). The loading capacity of Fe3O4-PVA@SH on Aspirin and the drug release kinetics of loaded drugs were studied. The obtained Fe3O4-PVA@SH exhibits excellent drug release properties in simulating the human body fluid environment (pH 7.2). Since magnetically targeting drug carriers are readily available and have excellent biocompatibility and the characteristics of drug release. This work's development, preparing amphiphilic magnetically targeting drug carriers in drug delivery and other fields, has great significance.
{"title":"Preparation of amphiphilic magnetic polyvinyl alcohol targeted drug carrier and drug delivery research.","authors":"Yazhen Wang, Zhen Shi, Yu Sun, Xueying Wu, Shuang Li, Shaobo Dong, Tianyu Lan","doi":"10.1080/15685551.2020.1837442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15685551.2020.1837442","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Currently, magnetic applications have great potential for development in the field of drug carriers. In this paper, Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-PVA@SH, an amphiphilic magnetically targeting drug carrier, was prepared by using Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> and PVA with thiohydrazide-iminopropyltriethoxysilane(TIPTS). The loading capacity of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-PVA@SH on Aspirin and the drug release kinetics of loaded drugs were studied. The obtained Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-PVA@SH exhibits excellent drug release properties in simulating the human body fluid environment (pH 7.2). Since magnetically targeting drug carriers are readily available and have excellent biocompatibility and the characteristics of drug release. This work's development, preparing amphiphilic magnetically targeting drug carriers in drug delivery and other fields, has great significance.</p>","PeriodicalId":11170,"journal":{"name":"Designed Monomers and Polymers","volume":"23 1","pages":"197-206"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2020-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15685551.2020.1837442","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38599548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-05DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2020.1826124
Ravindra V Gadhave, Vineeth S K, Pritam V Dhawale, Pradeep T Gadekar
The work presented here focusses on developing adhesive by blending tannin and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in water. To furthermore enhance the properties crosslinking is carried by using boric acid at varying concentrations. Presence of free hydroxyl groups in PVA and tannin acts as a site for crosslinking reaction. The empty p orbital of trivalent boron atom attracts nucleophilic hydroxyl groups of PVA and tannin, hence are expected to form crosslinks. The interaction of boric acid with the blend was confirmed by FTIR spectra studies. The acidic pH favoured the reaction and its effects were observed by increase in viscosity and glass transition temperature (Tg). Films cased with the crosslinked blend demonstrated less hydrophilic behaviour from water contact angle test also increment in pencil hardness value and stress-bearing capacity. Adhesive performance properties like wet tack and time-dependent tensile lap shear strength on softwood and hardwood specimens were evaluated. The crosslinking-enhanced cohesion by reducing the free volumes between the chains and due to this, enhancement in tensile strength on bonded wood substrates was observed. Overall, it was found that the adhesive prepared by crosslinking PVA/tannin blend with boric acid is suitable for wood adhesive application.
{"title":"Effect of boric acid on poly vinyl alcohol- tannin blend and its application as water-based wood adhesive.","authors":"Ravindra V Gadhave, Vineeth S K, Pritam V Dhawale, Pradeep T Gadekar","doi":"10.1080/15685551.2020.1826124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15685551.2020.1826124","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The work presented here focusses on developing adhesive by blending tannin and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in water. To furthermore enhance the properties crosslinking is carried by using boric acid at varying concentrations. Presence of free hydroxyl groups in PVA and tannin acts as a site for crosslinking reaction. The empty p orbital of trivalent boron atom attracts nucleophilic hydroxyl groups of PVA and tannin, hence are expected to form crosslinks. The interaction of boric acid with the blend was confirmed by FTIR spectra studies. The acidic pH favoured the reaction and its effects were observed by increase in viscosity and glass transition temperature (Tg). Films cased with the crosslinked blend demonstrated less hydrophilic behaviour from water contact angle test also increment in pencil hardness value and stress-bearing capacity. Adhesive performance properties like wet tack and time-dependent tensile lap shear strength on softwood and hardwood specimens were evaluated. The crosslinking-enhanced cohesion by reducing the free volumes between the chains and due to this, enhancement in tensile strength on bonded wood substrates was observed. Overall, it was found that the adhesive prepared by crosslinking PVA/tannin blend with boric acid is suitable for wood adhesive application.</p>","PeriodicalId":11170,"journal":{"name":"Designed Monomers and Polymers","volume":"23 1","pages":"188-196"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2020-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15685551.2020.1826124","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38656969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-30DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2020.1826705
Shivaji D Ghodke, Aslam B Tamboli, Arati V Diwate, Vijay P Ubale, Noormahmad N Maldar
Novel aromatic aliphatic diacid monomer, 4 4' bis(4-carboxy methylene) biphenyl was synthesized via friedel craft acylation with acetic anhydride followed by willgerodot reaction and used in the preparation of polyamides by direct polycondensation using the Yamazaki phosphorylation reaction with commercial aromatic diamines. These polyamides were obtained in good yield with moderate-to-high-molecular-weight build up as evidenced by inherent viscosities in the range of 0.52-0.96 dlg-1. The XRD studies showed that all the polyamides were amorphous in nature and these polymers dissolved in polar aprotic solvents such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone(NMP),N,N-dimethylsulfoxide(DMSO), N,N-dimethyl formamide (DMF) and N,N-dimethyl acetamide. The resulting polyamides were characterized by inherent viscocity measurements, FT-IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopy, solubility, thermogravimetry, X-ray diffraction studies. These polyamides had glass transition temperatures between 210°C and 261°C, and their temperatures at a 10% weight loss were 620 to 710°C and 497 to 597°C in nitrogen and air atmospheres, respectively, which indicates thermally stable polymers.
{"title":"Synthesis, characterization and properties of novel polyamides derived from 4 4' bis(4-carboxy methylene) biphenyl and various diamines.","authors":"Shivaji D Ghodke, Aslam B Tamboli, Arati V Diwate, Vijay P Ubale, Noormahmad N Maldar","doi":"10.1080/15685551.2020.1826705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15685551.2020.1826705","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Novel aromatic aliphatic diacid monomer, 4 4' bis(4-carboxy methylene) biphenyl was synthesized via friedel craft acylation with acetic anhydride followed by willgerodot reaction and used in the preparation of polyamides by direct polycondensation using the Yamazaki phosphorylation reaction with commercial aromatic diamines. These polyamides were obtained in good yield with moderate-to-high-molecular-weight build up as evidenced by inherent viscosities in the range of 0.52-0.96 dlg-1. The XRD studies showed that all the polyamides were amorphous in nature and these polymers dissolved in polar aprotic solvents such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone(NMP),N,N-dimethylsulfoxide(DMSO), N,N-dimethyl formamide (DMF) and N,N-dimethyl acetamide. The resulting polyamides were characterized by inherent viscocity measurements, FT-IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopy, solubility, thermogravimetry, X-ray diffraction studies. These polyamides had glass transition temperatures between 210°C and 261°C, and their temperatures at a 10% weight loss were 620 to 710°C and 497 to 597°C in nitrogen and air atmospheres, respectively, which indicates thermally stable polymers.</p>","PeriodicalId":11170,"journal":{"name":"Designed Monomers and Polymers","volume":"23 1","pages":"177-187"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15685551.2020.1826705","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38560077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-18DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2020.1818956
Yazhen Wang, Chenglong Wang, Shaobo Dong, Liwu Zu, Tianyu Lan
The basalt fiber (BF) and polyamide 6 (PA6) reinforced HDPE composite were prepared; the effects of adding fiber, organic filler, and polar component maleic anhydride (MA) on the microstructural characteristics of composites were investigated. Microstructural characterization evidenced the binary-dispersed phase (PA6/BF) is of a core-shell structure in which the component PA6 encapsulates component BF, and the extent of encapsulates would decline with the MA adding. It is confirmed that the microstructure is related to the interfacial tension of components by the SEM observation and theoretical calculation. The effect of multi-component on the crystallization behavior of composites was investigated. Differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) analyses showed a significant change in the HDPE microstructure. It demonstrated PA6 and BF as a nucleation agent accelerated the crystallization rate under the cooling process. The corresponding crystallization kinetics and activation energy were further analyzed using the Jeziorny method, Avrami-Ozawa method, Kissinger method. The results showed MA markedly changed the crystal growth mechanism of the HDPE matrix to heterogeneous nucleation for acicular and tabular crystal growth during the annealing step. The lowest crystallinity energy and crystallinity were observed for BF/PA6/HDPE composites with 3 wt % MA. Furthermore, a clear improvement of mechanical properties (by 61%) were observed, which mechanism is discussed in detail. The mechanism of toughening is not only one, but the result of a variety of mechanisms together.
{"title":"The study on microstructure and mechanical properties of multi-component composite based on HDPE.","authors":"Yazhen Wang, Chenglong Wang, Shaobo Dong, Liwu Zu, Tianyu Lan","doi":"10.1080/15685551.2020.1818956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15685551.2020.1818956","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The basalt fiber (BF) and polyamide 6 (PA6) reinforced HDPE composite were prepared; the effects of adding fiber, organic filler, and polar component maleic anhydride (MA) on the microstructural characteristics of composites were investigated. Microstructural characterization evidenced the binary-dispersed phase (PA6/BF) is of a core-shell structure in which the component PA6 encapsulates component BF, and the extent of encapsulates would decline with the MA adding. It is confirmed that the microstructure is related to the interfacial tension of components by the SEM observation and theoretical calculation. The effect of multi-component on the crystallization behavior of composites was investigated. Differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) analyses showed a significant change in the HDPE microstructure. It demonstrated PA6 and BF as a nucleation agent accelerated the crystallization rate under the cooling process. The corresponding crystallization kinetics and activation energy were further analyzed using the Jeziorny method, Avrami-Ozawa method, Kissinger method. The results showed MA markedly changed the crystal growth mechanism of the HDPE matrix to heterogeneous nucleation for acicular and tabular crystal growth during the annealing step. The lowest crystallinity energy and crystallinity were observed for BF/PA6/HDPE composites with 3 wt % MA. Furthermore, a clear improvement of mechanical properties (by 61%) were observed, which mechanism is discussed in detail. The mechanism of toughening is not only one, but the result of a variety of mechanisms together.</p>","PeriodicalId":11170,"journal":{"name":"Designed Monomers and Polymers","volume":"23 1","pages":"164-176"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2020-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15685551.2020.1818956","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38589112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Polyurea, a controlled release material, has been widely applied in agricultural fields due to high thermal stability and low cost. In this article oxyfluorfen polyurea microcapsules suspension was successfully prepared by interfacial polymerization using diisocyanate and polyamines such as Ethylenediamine, Hexamethylenediamine, Diethylenetriamine in presence of green solvent, i.e., N,N-dimethyldecanamide. The microcapsule suspension of oxyfluorfen has not been researched yet by using solvent N,N-dimethyldecanamide and polyamines. The effect and the type of diamines on the morphology and properties of the microcapsules have been investigated. The synthesized microcapsules were characterized by scanning electron microscope, ultraviolet spectrometry, Fourier transform iInfrared spectrometer, thermogravimetric analysis and particle size analyser. The effect of the core to shell ratio on encapsulation efficiency and release kinetics were also studied. The oxyfluorfen microcapsules had an excellent encapsulation efficiency (98.2%) using EDA as the monomer and Release kinetics depended upon the type of monomers used and also on core to shell ratio used (6.5:1, 5:1, 4:1). As core to shell ratio was increased the encapsulation efficiency was found to decrease. Prepared Microcapsules when sprayed on paddy crop was found to be safe in comparison with Emulsifiable concentrate sample.
{"title":"Design and application of polyurea microcapsules containing herbicide (oxyfluorfen).","authors":"Jayprakash Rao, Amar Nath Chandrani, Anil Powar, Sudeshna Chandra","doi":"10.1080/15685551.2020.1816344","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15685551.2020.1816344","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Polyurea, a controlled release material, has been widely applied in agricultural fields due to high thermal stability and low cost. In this article oxyfluorfen polyurea microcapsules suspension was successfully prepared by interfacial polymerization using diisocyanate and polyamines such as Ethylenediamine, Hexamethylenediamine, Diethylenetriamine in presence of green solvent, i.e., N,N-dimethyldecanamide. The microcapsule suspension of oxyfluorfen has not been researched yet by using solvent N,N-dimethyldecanamide and polyamines. The effect and the type of diamines on the morphology and properties of the microcapsules have been investigated. The synthesized microcapsules were characterized by scanning electron microscope, ultraviolet spectrometry, Fourier transform iInfrared spectrometer, thermogravimetric analysis and particle size analyser. The effect of the core to shell ratio on encapsulation efficiency and release kinetics were also studied. The oxyfluorfen microcapsules had an excellent encapsulation efficiency (98.2%) using EDA as the monomer and Release kinetics depended upon the type of monomers used and also on core to shell ratio used (6.5:1, 5:1, 4:1). As core to shell ratio was increased the encapsulation efficiency was found to decrease. Prepared Microcapsules when sprayed on paddy crop was found to be safe in comparison with Emulsifiable concentrate sample.</p>","PeriodicalId":11170,"journal":{"name":"Designed Monomers and Polymers","volume":"23 1","pages":"155-163"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2020-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7738284/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38743524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-30DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2020.1812832
Hengxi He, Bin Song, Guirong Qiu, Weixiang Wang, Haibin Gu
Polynorbornenes, prepared by the 'living' and 'controlled' ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) method, have emerged as a stimuli-sensitive new class of polymer carriers. Herein, we reported a novel amphiphilic diblock polynorbornene, PNCHO-b-PNTEG, containing active benzaldehyde units, which exhibited good conjugating capacity to amino-containing molecules (e.g., doxorubicin (DOX)) via the pH-sensitive Schiff base linkage. The copolymer and its conjugate with DOX, DOX-PNCHO-b-PNTEG, were adequately analyzed by various techniques including 1H NMR, 13C NMR, gel permeation chromatography, etc. Especially, the formed conjugate of DOX-PNCHO-b-PNTEG could self-assemble into near-spherical micelles with the diameter of 81 ± 10 nm, and exhibit acid-triggered DOX release behavior, and the release rate could be adjusted by changing the environmental pH value. The excellent biological safety of PNCHO-b-PNTEG was further demonstrated by the results from both in vitro toxicity evaluation to murine fibroblast cells (L-929 cells) and in vivo evaluation of acute developmental toxicity and cell death in zebrafish embryos. Hence, the present polynorbornene-based PNCHO-b-PNTEG possesses great potential application as a biocompatible polymeric carrier and could be employed to fabricate various pH-sensitive conjugates.
{"title":"Synthesis, conjugating capacity and biocompatibility evaluation of a novel amphiphilic polynorbornene.","authors":"Hengxi He, Bin Song, Guirong Qiu, Weixiang Wang, Haibin Gu","doi":"10.1080/15685551.2020.1812832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15685551.2020.1812832","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Polynorbornenes, prepared by the 'living' and 'controlled' ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) method, have emerged as a stimuli-sensitive new class of polymer carriers. Herein, we reported a novel amphiphilic diblock polynorbornene, <b>PNCHO-<i>b</i>-PNTEG</b>, containing active benzaldehyde units, which exhibited good conjugating capacity to amino-containing molecules (e.g., doxorubicin (DOX)) via the pH-sensitive Schiff base linkage. The copolymer and its conjugate with DOX, <b>DOX-PNCHO-<i>b</i>-PNTEG</b>, were adequately analyzed by various techniques including <sup>1</sup>H NMR, <sup>13</sup>C NMR, gel permeation chromatography, etc. Especially, the formed conjugate of <b>DOX-PNCHO-<i>b</i>-PNTEG</b> could self-assemble into near-spherical micelles with the diameter of 81 ± 10 nm, and exhibit acid-triggered DOX release behavior, and the release rate could be adjusted by changing the environmental pH value. The excellent biological safety of <b>PNCHO-<i>b</i>-PNTEG</b> was further demonstrated by the results from both <i>in vitro</i> toxicity evaluation to murine fibroblast cells (L-929 cells) and <i>in vivo</i> evaluation of acute developmental toxicity and cell death in zebrafish embryos. Hence, the present polynorbornene-based <b>PNCHO-<i>b</i>-PNTEG</b> possesses great potential application as a biocompatible polymeric carrier and could be employed to fabricate various pH-sensitive conjugates.</p>","PeriodicalId":11170,"journal":{"name":"Designed Monomers and Polymers","volume":"23 1","pages":"141-154"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2020-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15685551.2020.1812832","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38469974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}