Pub Date : 2021-05-08DOI: 10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-2-168-177
E. Vorobieva, A. Vorobiev, I. V. Shestak, D. V. Cherednichenko, S. V. Bucha
. The influence of water-soluble organic compounds (adipic, polyaspartic and phosphonic acids) and their compositions on the crystallization of calcium and magnesium salts in dynamic conditions has been studied. It is found that the induction period of phase formation increases in the presence of polyaspartic and phosphonic acids 2.3–5.2 times in the range of their content from 0.05 to 0.2 ppm. The results of XRD and electron microscopic studies confirm the change in the phase composition and morphology of the crystalline precipitate that is formed. The dibasic carboxylic acid influence on the induction period, composition and structure of the precipitate is much less. It is established that the composition of organic acids also increases the induction period of phase formation. The complex inhibitor provides an increase in the critical supersaturation level in the system. The phosphonic and carboxyl groups of the inhibitor interact with calcium and magnesium ions and block the crystallization nuclei. When interacting with the dicarboxylic acid and polyacid adsorption on the surface of the formed crystals, the microcrystals dissolve.
{"title":"Complex character of the influence of polycarboxylic and phosphonic acids on the crystallization of calcium and magnesium salts in dynamic conditions","authors":"E. Vorobieva, A. Vorobiev, I. V. Shestak, D. V. Cherednichenko, S. V. Bucha","doi":"10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-2-168-177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-2-168-177","url":null,"abstract":". The influence of water-soluble organic compounds (adipic, polyaspartic and phosphonic acids) and their compositions on the crystallization of calcium and magnesium salts in dynamic conditions has been studied. It is found that the induction period of phase formation increases in the presence of polyaspartic and phosphonic acids 2.3–5.2 times in the range of their content from 0.05 to 0.2 ppm. The results of XRD and electron microscopic studies confirm the change in the phase composition and morphology of the crystalline precipitate that is formed. The dibasic carboxylic acid influence on the induction period, composition and structure of the precipitate is much less. It is established that the composition of organic acids also increases the induction period of phase formation. The complex inhibitor provides an increase in the critical supersaturation level in the system. The phosphonic and carboxyl groups of the inhibitor interact with calcium and magnesium ions and block the crystallization nuclei. When interacting with the dicarboxylic acid and polyacid adsorption on the surface of the formed crystals, the microcrystals dissolve.","PeriodicalId":11227,"journal":{"name":"Doklady Akademii nauk","volume":"16 1","pages":"168-177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81087914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-08DOI: 10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-2-158-167
I. Romanov, F. Komarov, L. Vlasukova, I. Parkhomenko, N. Kovalchuk
. SiO 2 /Si, SiN 1.2 /SiO 2 /Si and SiO 2 /SiN 0.9 /SiO 2 /Si structures have been fabricated by chemical vapor deposition and thermal oxidation of silicon. The elemental composition and thicknesses of dielectric layers have been studied using Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and spectral ellipsometry. The electroluminescence (EL) of the samples has been investigated in the “electrolyte–dielectric–semiconductor” system at a positive bias voltage applied to the silicon substrate. An intense band with maxima at 1.9 eV appears on the EL spectra of the SiO 2 /Si sample, while the EL spectra of the SiN 1.2 /SiO 2 /Si and SiO 2 /SiN 0.9 /SiO 2 /Si samples are characterized by the presence of bands with the maximum values of 1.9, 2.3 and 2.7 eV. The nature of these bands is discussed. Passing a charge in the range of 100–500 mC/ cm 2 through the SiO 2 /SiN 0.9 /SiO 2 /Si sample, an increase in the EL intensity was recorded in the entire visible range. Passing a charge of 1 C/cm 2 through a sample with a three-layer dielectric film resulted in the EL intensity decrease. It can be explained by the upper oxide layer degradation. It has been shown that silicon nitride deposited on top of the SiO 2 layer protects the oxide layer from field degradation and premature breakdown. The most stable electroluminescence when exposed to a strong electric field is observed for the structure SiN 1.2 /SiO 2 /Si.
{"title":"Processes of electroluminescence degradation of light-emitting structures based on thin silicon oxide and nitride films","authors":"I. Romanov, F. Komarov, L. Vlasukova, I. Parkhomenko, N. Kovalchuk","doi":"10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-2-158-167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-2-158-167","url":null,"abstract":". SiO 2 /Si, SiN 1.2 /SiO 2 /Si and SiO 2 /SiN 0.9 /SiO 2 /Si structures have been fabricated by chemical vapor deposition and thermal oxidation of silicon. The elemental composition and thicknesses of dielectric layers have been studied using Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and spectral ellipsometry. The electroluminescence (EL) of the samples has been investigated in the “electrolyte–dielectric–semiconductor” system at a positive bias voltage applied to the silicon substrate. An intense band with maxima at 1.9 eV appears on the EL spectra of the SiO 2 /Si sample, while the EL spectra of the SiN 1.2 /SiO 2 /Si and SiO 2 /SiN 0.9 /SiO 2 /Si samples are characterized by the presence of bands with the maximum values of 1.9, 2.3 and 2.7 eV. The nature of these bands is discussed. Passing a charge in the range of 100–500 mC/ cm 2 through the SiO 2 /SiN 0.9 /SiO 2 /Si sample, an increase in the EL intensity was recorded in the entire visible range. Passing a charge of 1 C/cm 2 through a sample with a three-layer dielectric film resulted in the EL intensity decrease. It can be explained by the upper oxide layer degradation. It has been shown that silicon nitride deposited on top of the SiO 2 layer protects the oxide layer from field degradation and premature breakdown. The most stable electroluminescence when exposed to a strong electric field is observed for the structure SiN 1.2 /SiO 2 /Si.","PeriodicalId":11227,"journal":{"name":"Doklady Akademii nauk","volume":"18 1","pages":"158-167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82494289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-08DOI: 10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-2-247-256
V. Lapa, T. N. Azarenok
{"title":"Features of transformation of soil properties of the arable land in Belarus","authors":"V. Lapa, T. N. Azarenok","doi":"10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-2-247-256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-2-247-256","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11227,"journal":{"name":"Doklady Akademii nauk","volume":"2017 1","pages":"247-256"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89761242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-08DOI: 10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-2-199-206
M. Shapturenko, A. V. Lugovnjov, S. Borovko, M. Pamazanau, S. Vakula, A. Kilchevsky
During archaeological excavation in the territory of the Corpus Christi Church in Nesvizh, the regular burials dated to the 17th–18th centuries were discovered. The genetic material extracted from the bones of seven unidentified individuals was analyzed using the forensic genetics approaches, including STR profiling and DNA phenotyping. The genetic examination revealed that the remains of three samples (#1, #2, #6) belonged to women, and the four others (#3, #4, #5, and #7) belonged to men. Autosomal STR-data and Y-chromosomal profiles were obtained for five samples. The kinship analysis excluded that woman #1 and men #3, #4, #5, #7 were first-degree relatives. According to the Y-STR profiles, men #3, #4, #7 referred to the haplogroup R1a, the haplotype of individual #5 corresponded to I2. The both haplogroups are widely represented in Eastern Europe, which, with a high degree of probability, suggests the Slavic origin of the individuals under investigation. To predict eye and hair color, we used the HIrisPlex DNA phenotyping system. The analysis gave the satisfactory results for woman #1 and man #7. In correspondence to the allelic variants of the 24 SNP system, woman #1 had an intermediate type of iris pigmentation and dark blond hair (p = 0.635) with dark shade (0.639), light skin tone, low tendency to sunburn, and a high probability of freckles and pigmented spots of the skin. For male #7, the HIrisPlex model predicted blue eye color with a high probability (p = 0.915), as well as blond hair color (p = 0.915) and light hair color shade (p = 0.962). Our data allow us to conclude that the unknown individuals under investigation have significant genetical and phenotypical similarity with the modern Belarusian population.
{"title":"Genetic analysis of the human remains of the burials of the 17th–18th centuries of the Corpus Christi Church in Nesvizh (Belarus)","authors":"M. Shapturenko, A. V. Lugovnjov, S. Borovko, M. Pamazanau, S. Vakula, A. Kilchevsky","doi":"10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-2-199-206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-2-199-206","url":null,"abstract":"During archaeological excavation in the territory of the Corpus Christi Church in Nesvizh, the regular burials dated to the 17th–18th centuries were discovered. The genetic material extracted from the bones of seven unidentified individuals was analyzed using the forensic genetics approaches, including STR profiling and DNA phenotyping. The genetic examination revealed that the remains of three samples (#1, #2, #6) belonged to women, and the four others (#3, #4, #5, and #7) belonged to men. Autosomal STR-data and Y-chromosomal profiles were obtained for five samples. The kinship analysis excluded that woman #1 and men #3, #4, #5, #7 were first-degree relatives. According to the Y-STR profiles, men #3, #4, #7 referred to the haplogroup R1a, the haplotype of individual #5 corresponded to I2. The both haplogroups are widely represented in Eastern Europe, which, with a high degree of probability, suggests the Slavic origin of the individuals under investigation. To predict eye and hair color, we used the HIrisPlex DNA phenotyping system. The analysis gave the satisfactory results for woman #1 and man #7. In correspondence to the allelic variants of the 24 SNP system, woman #1 had an intermediate type of iris pigmentation and dark blond hair (p = 0.635) with dark shade (0.639), light skin tone, low tendency to sunburn, and a high probability of freckles and pigmented spots of the skin. For male #7, the HIrisPlex model predicted blue eye color with a high probability (p = 0.915), as well as blond hair color (p = 0.915) and light hair color shade (p = 0.962). Our data allow us to conclude that the unknown individuals under investigation have significant genetical and phenotypical similarity with the modern Belarusian population.","PeriodicalId":11227,"journal":{"name":"Doklady Akademii nauk","volume":"12 1","pages":"199-206"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87495734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-08DOI: 10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-2-135-138
V. Korzyuk, I. I. Stolyarchuk
{"title":"Classical solution of the first mixed problem for the wave equation in the cylyndrical domain","authors":"V. Korzyuk, I. I. Stolyarchuk","doi":"10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-2-135-138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-2-135-138","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11227,"journal":{"name":"Doklady Akademii nauk","volume":"252 1","pages":"135-138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76320747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-08DOI: 10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-2-146-157
Е. М. Овсиюк, А. Д. Коральков
The known systems of the radial equations describing the hydrogen atom on the basis of the Dirac equation in the Lobachevsky–Riemann spaces of constant curvature are investigated. In the both geometrical models, the differential equations of second order with six regular singular points are found, and their exact solutions of Frobenius type are constructed. To produce the quantization rule for energy values we use the known condition which separates the transcendental Frobenius solutions. This provides us with the energy spectra that are physically interpretable and are similar to those for the Klein–Fock–Gordon particle in these space models. These spectra are similar to those that previously have appeared in studying the same systems of the equations with the use of the semi-classical approximation.
{"title":"Дираковская частица во внешнем кулоновском поле на фоне пространств Лобачевского–Римана","authors":"Е. М. Овсиюк, А. Д. Коральков","doi":"10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-2-146-157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-2-146-157","url":null,"abstract":"The known systems of the radial equations describing the hydrogen atom on the basis of the Dirac equation in the Lobachevsky–Riemann spaces of constant curvature are investigated. In the both geometrical models, the differential equations of second order with six regular singular points are found, and their exact solutions of Frobenius type are constructed. To produce the quantization rule for energy values we use the known condition which separates the transcendental Frobenius solutions. This provides us with the energy spectra that are physically interpretable and are similar to those for the Klein–Fock–Gordon particle in these space models. These spectra are similar to those that previously have appeared in studying the same systems of the equations with the use of the semi-classical approximation.","PeriodicalId":11227,"journal":{"name":"Doklady Akademii nauk","volume":"12 1","pages":"146-157"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87155635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-08DOI: 10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-2-185-190
I. Kazlouski, A. Zinchenko, A. Solovyeva, O. N. Novikova, Y. Lomako
Colibacteriosis is an acute zoonotic disease manifested by septicaemia, toxemia, enteritis, body dehydration, and central nervous system damage. Depending on the presence of virulence factors and the nature of interaction with the intestinal mucosa, enterotoxigenic, enteroinvasive, enteropathogenic, and enterohemorrhagic E. coli are isolated. Enterotoxigenic strains of E. coli occupy one of the leading places in the etiological structure of calf colibacteriosis in many livestock farms of the Republic of Belarus. The main reason why this disease develops is the presence of thermolabile and thermostable toxins in the causative strain. The thermolabile toxin subunit B is a potent antigen that allows pet immunity to be acquired against E. coli-induced cattle diarrhea. Many foreign vaccines used against intestinal infections of cattle contain either a native or recombinant variant of the subunit B. As a result of the work, we have created a new strain of E. coli 42eLTB – the producer of the recombinant subunit B of the thermolabile toxin E. coli. The producing capacity of the obtained strain is 480 mg with 1 culture liquid liter, which exceeds the already known strains 1.37 times. 186 Doklady of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 2021, vol. 65, no. 2, рр. 185–190
{"title":"Construction of the recombinant Escherichia coli strain producing a homologous thermolabile toxin subunit","authors":"I. Kazlouski, A. Zinchenko, A. Solovyeva, O. N. Novikova, Y. Lomako","doi":"10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-2-185-190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-2-185-190","url":null,"abstract":"Colibacteriosis is an acute zoonotic disease manifested by septicaemia, toxemia, enteritis, body dehydration, and central nervous system damage. Depending on the presence of virulence factors and the nature of interaction with the intestinal mucosa, enterotoxigenic, enteroinvasive, enteropathogenic, and enterohemorrhagic E. coli are isolated. Enterotoxigenic strains of E. coli occupy one of the leading places in the etiological structure of calf colibacteriosis in many livestock farms of the Republic of Belarus. The main reason why this disease develops is the presence of thermolabile and thermostable toxins in the causative strain. The thermolabile toxin subunit B is a potent antigen that allows pet immunity to be acquired against E. coli-induced cattle diarrhea. Many foreign vaccines used against intestinal infections of cattle contain either a native or recombinant variant of the subunit B. As a result of the work, we have created a new strain of E. coli 42eLTB – the producer of the recombinant subunit B of the thermolabile toxin E. coli. The producing capacity of the obtained strain is 480 mg with 1 culture liquid liter, which exceeds the already known strains 1.37 times. 186 Doklady of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 2021, vol. 65, no. 2, рр. 185–190","PeriodicalId":11227,"journal":{"name":"Doklady Akademii nauk","volume":"72 1","pages":"185-190"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84559904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-08DOI: 10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-2-241-246
И. В. Магалинский
The article presents the results of analysis of new data on the elemental composition of non-ferrous metal products on the territory of certain archaeological sites in Northern and Central Belarus. The author distinguishes two main stages in the non-ferrous metalworking of the region: the X–XIII centuries and XIV–XVIII centuries. It is noted that the period of the X–XIII centuries is characterized by a significant predominance of copper-zinc alloys with average and high concentrations of zinc in metal. Meanwhile, bronze alloys also play an important role, accounting for 35 % of the total number of the items studied. Samples made of copper-zinc and bronze alloys are also characterized by a significant amount of lead. As a result of the analysis of the data on the elemental composition of non-ferrous metal products of the XIV–XVIII centuries, it is concluded that non-ferrous metalworking of this period is characterized by the continuity of traditions with handicraft production of the previous period, which manifested itself in the widespread use of copper-zinc alloys, as well as of tin-lead and multicomponent bronzes. At the same time, a significant difference is the increase in the proportion of alloys with high concentrations of alloying components.
{"title":"New data on the chemical composition of the non-ferrous metal products of the X–XVIII centuries on the territory of Northern and Central Belarus","authors":"И. В. Магалинский","doi":"10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-2-241-246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-2-241-246","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of analysis of new data on the elemental composition of non-ferrous metal products on the territory of certain archaeological sites in Northern and Central Belarus. The author distinguishes two main stages in the non-ferrous metalworking of the region: the X–XIII centuries and XIV–XVIII centuries. It is noted that the period of the X–XIII centuries is characterized by a significant predominance of copper-zinc alloys with average and high concentrations of zinc in metal. Meanwhile, bronze alloys also play an important role, accounting for 35 % of the total number of the items studied. Samples made of copper-zinc and bronze alloys are also characterized by a significant amount of lead. As a result of the analysis of the data on the elemental composition of non-ferrous metal products of the XIV–XVIII centuries, it is concluded that non-ferrous metalworking of this period is characterized by the continuity of traditions with handicraft production of the previous period, which manifested itself in the widespread use of copper-zinc alloys, as well as of tin-lead and multicomponent bronzes. At the same time, a significant difference is the increase in the proportion of alloys with high concentrations of alloying components.","PeriodicalId":11227,"journal":{"name":"Doklady Akademii nauk","volume":"116 1","pages":"241-246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87795858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-08DOI: 10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-2-178-184
A. Ivanets
The composites based on magnesium ferrite and carbon nitride were synthesized by the sol-gel method in combination with thermochemical condensation. The effect of the synthesis method on the crystalline structure, the phase and chemical composition, and the morphology of composites was studied by the X-ray diffraction, IR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy techniques. It was found that, depending on the conditions of the sol-gel stages, the initiation of self-combustion high-temperature synthesis and melanin thermochemical condensation, composites with different crystalline structure and morphology were prepared. The obtained results are important for the development of the heterogeneous Fenton- and photo-Fenton catalysts based on magnesium ferrite and carbon nitride composites.
{"title":"Synthesis, structure and morphology of composites based on magnesium ferrite and carbon nitride","authors":"A. Ivanets","doi":"10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-2-178-184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-2-178-184","url":null,"abstract":"The composites based on magnesium ferrite and carbon nitride were synthesized by the sol-gel method in combination with thermochemical condensation. The effect of the synthesis method on the crystalline structure, the phase and chemical composition, and the morphology of composites was studied by the X-ray diffraction, IR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy techniques. It was found that, depending on the conditions of the sol-gel stages, the initiation of self-combustion high-temperature synthesis and melanin thermochemical condensation, composites with different crystalline structure and morphology were prepared. The obtained results are important for the development of the heterogeneous Fenton- and photo-Fenton catalysts based on magnesium ferrite and carbon nitride composites.","PeriodicalId":11227,"journal":{"name":"Doklady Akademii nauk","volume":"14 1","pages":"178-184"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87843052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-08DOI: 10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-2-139-145
П. К. Шалькевич
Computer prediction of the migration of radioactive contaminants in soil is a promising scientific direction due to the fact that prediction of the radiation situation on the basis of experimental measurements of radionuclides activity requires the use of mathematical and computer methods of data processing. At the same time, most of the specialized software packages for predicting the spread of radioactive contaminants in soil are based on one- and two-dimensional idealizations of this process, while solving the problem of comprehensive assessment of the biosphere’s state requires the data of the contaminant’s spatial distribution. To obtain such data, the author has developed a software module as a part of SPS (Simulation of Processes in Soil) v2.0 software package, which allows predicting the parameters of the spatial migration of radionuclides in natural dispersed media. To assess the possibility of using the developed software in practice, the prediction results were verified by the experimental data. For this purpose, the spatial distribution of the Cs-137 concentration in the experimental area in the Luninets district of the Brest region was predicted using the measurement data of the Cs-137 activities and the soil characteristics. The comparison of the results obtained on the basis of experimental measurements and the predicted values of the spatial distribution of the Cs-137 concentration showed that the predicted values are within the confidence intervals of the measured values. Consequently, the developed software can be used to solve practical problems in the field of forecasting the migration of radionuclides with obtaining a reliable picture of their distribution over the volume of the modeling area and to comprehensively assess their impact on the environment.
土壤中放射性污染物迁移的计算机预测是一个很有前途的科学方向，因为根据放射性核素活动的实验测量来预测辐射情况需要使用数学和计算机方法进行数据处理。与此同时，目前用于土壤放射性污染物扩散预测的专业软件包大多是基于这一过程的一维和二维理想化，而解决生物圈状态综合评价问题则需要污染物空间分布数据。为了获得这些数据，作者开发了一个软件模块，作为SPS (Simulation of Processes in Soil) v2.0软件包的一部分，可以预测放射性核素在自然分散介质中的空间迁移参数。为了评估开发的软件在实际应用中的可能性，用实验数据对预测结果进行了验证。为此，利用Cs-137活性测量数据和土壤特征，预测了布列斯特地区Luninets试验区Cs-137浓度的空间分布。实验测量结果与Cs-137浓度空间分布预测值的比较表明，预测值在实测值的置信区间内。因此，开发的软件可用于解决预测放射性核素迁移领域的实际问题，获得其在模拟区域体积上分布的可靠图像，并全面评估其对环境的影响。
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