Pub Date : 2026-02-02DOI: 10.1016/j.diamond.2026.113393
Jiayi Cai , Zhenglin Jia , Mingyang Yang , Mingxin Jiang , Xingqiao Chen , Yi Shen , Kazuhito Nishimura , Kuan W.A. Chee , Nan Jiang , Ping Cui , He Li , Qilong Yuan
Advances in technology drive transformative evolutions in next-generation semiconductor systems and multifunctional devices. Among ultrawide bandgap semiconductors (UWBG), Ga2O3 (Eg = 4.9 eV) has emerged as a promising candidate for high-voltage power electronics (>10 kV) and solar-blind ultraviolet detection, owing to its exceptional breakdown field strength (10 MV/cm) and superior Baliga figure of merit (>3000 × silicon). However, the low thermal conductivity (<30 W·m−1·K−1) and the difficulty in achieving effective p-type doping limit the practical applications of Ga2O3. As another UWBG, diamond has the highest thermal conductivity (>2000 W·m−1·K−1) among all known bulk materials and p-type doping ability, while both of which are not achievable in Ga2O3. It can be predicted that the integration of the two materials not only ameliorates thermal management issues in Ga2O3 devices, but also enables the realization of novel pn heterojunction architectures. This review summarizes the recent achievements in Ga2O3/diamond integration methods, as well as the applications of Ga2O3/diamond heterogeneous systems. Furthermore, the key challenges and future research directions are also discussed at the end of the article.
{"title":"Integrations and applications of gallium oxide and diamond","authors":"Jiayi Cai , Zhenglin Jia , Mingyang Yang , Mingxin Jiang , Xingqiao Chen , Yi Shen , Kazuhito Nishimura , Kuan W.A. Chee , Nan Jiang , Ping Cui , He Li , Qilong Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2026.113393","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2026.113393","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Advances in technology drive transformative evolutions in next-generation semiconductor systems and multifunctional devices. Among ultrawide bandgap semiconductors (UWBG), Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> (<em>E</em><sub>g</sub> = 4.9 eV) has emerged as a promising candidate for high-voltage power electronics (>10 kV) and solar-blind ultraviolet detection, owing to its exceptional breakdown field strength (10 MV/cm) and superior Baliga figure of merit (>3000 × silicon). However, the low thermal conductivity (<30 W·m<sup>−1</sup>·K<sup>−1</sup>) and the difficulty in achieving effective p-type doping limit the practical applications of Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>. As another UWBG, diamond has the highest thermal conductivity (>2000 W·m<sup>−1</sup>·K<sup>−1</sup>) among all known bulk materials and p-type doping ability, while both of which are not achievable in Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>. It can be predicted that the integration of the two materials not only ameliorates thermal management issues in Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> devices, but also enables the realization of novel pn heterojunction architectures. This review summarizes the recent achievements in Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/diamond integration methods, as well as the applications of Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/diamond heterogeneous systems. Furthermore, the key challenges and future research directions are also discussed at the end of the article.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 113393"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146185645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-02DOI: 10.1016/j.diamond.2026.113402
Bo Cui , Zhaolong Sun , Wencui Xiu , You Lv , Nan Gao , Hongdong Li
Engineering the surface chemical termination of hexagonal diamond (HD) is pivotal for the advancement of quantum sensors based on shallow nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers. In this study, we systematically investigate the reconstruction and electronic properties of oxygen-terminated HD (001) surfaces. Our global search identifies the 0.5 ML-α and 0.75 ML-α configurations as thermally and dynamically stable surfaces, exhibiting high positive electron affinities of 3.29 eV and 3.44 eV, respectively. Crucially, these terminations effectively eliminate detrimental mid-gap surface states and associated spin noise, providing a clean bandgap environment for coherent operation. Furthermore, depth-dependent simulations identify a critical stability boundary at approximately 12 Å, where robust electronic decoupling from the (001) surface reverses proximity-induced spin quenching (from 1.65 μB to 1.96 μB) and preserves the negative charge state of the NV center against spontaneous ionization. These findings establish the O-terminated (001) surface as a superior platform for the next generation of HD-based quantum sensors, effectively resolving the trade-off between surface proximity and the preservation of intrinsic NV quantum signatures.
{"title":"Oxygen-terminated hexagonal diamond (001) surfaces for nitrogen-vacancy based quantum sensors","authors":"Bo Cui , Zhaolong Sun , Wencui Xiu , You Lv , Nan Gao , Hongdong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2026.113402","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2026.113402","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Engineering the surface chemical termination of hexagonal diamond (HD) is pivotal for the advancement of quantum sensors based on shallow nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers. In this study, we systematically investigate the reconstruction and electronic properties of oxygen-terminated HD (001) surfaces. Our global search identifies the 0.5 ML-α and 0.75 ML-α configurations as thermally and dynamically stable surfaces, exhibiting high positive electron affinities of 3.29 eV and 3.44 eV, respectively. Crucially, these terminations effectively eliminate detrimental mid-gap surface states and associated spin noise, providing a clean bandgap environment for coherent operation. Furthermore, depth-dependent simulations identify a critical stability boundary at approximately 12 Å, where robust electronic decoupling from the (001) surface reverses proximity-induced spin quenching (from 1.65 μ<sub>B</sub> to 1.96 μ<sub>B</sub>) and preserves the negative charge state of the NV center against spontaneous ionization. These findings establish the O-terminated (001) surface as a superior platform for the next generation of HD-based quantum sensors, effectively resolving the trade-off between surface proximity and the preservation of intrinsic NV quantum signatures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 113402"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146185250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-02DOI: 10.1016/j.diamond.2026.113394
Dazhong Wang , Lin Chen , Chenglong Mou , Xia Li , Guangan Zhang , Deng Pan , Zhongrong Geng , Qian Meng
Methane is a globally significant clean energy source; however, the wear-induced leakage of mechanical components operating in methane environments remains a critical issue that must be addressed. Hydrogenated amorphous carbon (a-C:H) films, as solid lubricants, are key to protecting such components due to their low friction coefficient and high wear resistance. In this study, copper (Cu) doping was conducted to regulate the degree of order and methane dissociation behavior during the sliding tests of a-C:H films, utilizing its structural properties and properties of promoting molecular dissociation. Under friction induction, both a-C:H:Cu deposited at low methane pressure and a-C:H film formed graphitized homogeneous interfaces. Cu facilitated the dissociation of methane molecules at high methane pressure, enhanced surface passivation, and improved the ordering of sp2 C at the tribological interface, resulting in the formation of a heterostructure composed of a hydrogen-rich carbon layer/graphitized transfer film with ultralow friction and low wear. The alteration in interface structure revealed that the structural transformation induced by Cu, coupled with the passivation effect, synergistically governed the ultralow tribological mechanism and wear behavior of a-C:H films. Furthermore, the influence of interfacial adhesion and mechanical properties was analyzed, providing a basis for designing a-C:H films with superior tribological performance in methane environments.
{"title":"Influence of Cu doping-induced tribochemical reactions on the interfacial structure and tribological performance of a-C:H films in methane","authors":"Dazhong Wang , Lin Chen , Chenglong Mou , Xia Li , Guangan Zhang , Deng Pan , Zhongrong Geng , Qian Meng","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2026.113394","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2026.113394","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Methane is a globally significant clean energy source; however, the wear-induced leakage of mechanical components operating in methane environments remains a critical issue that must be addressed. Hydrogenated amorphous carbon (a-C:H) films, as solid lubricants, are key to protecting such components due to their low friction coefficient and high wear resistance. In this study, copper (Cu) doping was conducted to regulate the degree of order and methane dissociation behavior during the sliding tests of a-C:H films, utilizing its structural properties and properties of promoting molecular dissociation. Under friction induction, both a-C:H:Cu deposited at low methane pressure and a-C:H film formed graphitized homogeneous interfaces. Cu facilitated the dissociation of methane molecules at high methane pressure, enhanced surface passivation, and improved the ordering of sp<sup>2</sup> C at the tribological interface, resulting in the formation of a heterostructure composed of a hydrogen-rich carbon layer/graphitized transfer film with ultralow friction and low wear. The alteration in interface structure revealed that the structural transformation induced by Cu, coupled with the passivation effect, synergistically governed the ultralow tribological mechanism and wear behavior of a-C:H films. Furthermore, the influence of interfacial adhesion and mechanical properties was analyzed, providing a basis for designing a-C:H films with superior tribological performance in methane environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 113394"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146185307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.diamond.2026.113387
Amruta Patri , Mallika S. Wali , Manjunath B. Megalamani , Manojna R. Nayak , Lokesh Bheemayya , Sharanappa T. Nandibewoor , Ashok M. Sajjan , Ravindra R. Kamble
A glassy carbon electrode modified with a metal oxide-reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite infused with CTAB (Fe2O3/RGO/CTAB@GCE) was engineered to enable the precise and sensitive electrochemical determination of promethazine hydrochloride (PMH). Fe2O3 and RGO nanocomposites were produced by hydrothermal and chemical processes respectively, and characterized in detail using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) assessed material performance. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and square wave voltammetry (SWV) were utilized to study the electrochemical behaviour and determination of PMH at the Fe2O3/RGO/CTAB@GCE. The modified electrode exhibited an enlarged electroactive surface area, strong adsorption capacity, and synergistic electrocatalytic activity towards PMH oxidation. Critical experimental parameters including electrolyte pH, nanocomposite loading, preconcentration potential, and time were systematically optimized to maximize analytical performance. Under optimized conditions, the sensor displayed a linear detection range from 6.0 nmol L−1 to 0.01 μmol L−1, with detection and quantification limits of 0.36 and 1.21 nmol L−1 respectively. The designed sensing platform demonstrated high sensitivity, excellent reproducibility, and practical applicability for PMH determination in urine, water and pharmaceutical samples.
{"title":"Development of Fe2O3/RGO nanocomposite infused with CTAB surfactant modified glassy carbon electrode for ultrasensitive determination of promethazine hydrochloride","authors":"Amruta Patri , Mallika S. Wali , Manjunath B. Megalamani , Manojna R. Nayak , Lokesh Bheemayya , Sharanappa T. Nandibewoor , Ashok M. Sajjan , Ravindra R. Kamble","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2026.113387","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2026.113387","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A glassy carbon electrode modified with a metal oxide-reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite infused with CTAB (Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/RGO/CTAB@GCE) was engineered to enable the precise and sensitive electrochemical determination of promethazine hydrochloride (PMH). Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and RGO nanocomposites were produced by hydrothermal and chemical processes respectively, and characterized in detail using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) assessed material performance. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and square wave voltammetry (SWV) were utilized to study the electrochemical behaviour and determination of PMH at the Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/RGO/CTAB@GCE. The modified electrode exhibited an enlarged electroactive surface area, strong adsorption capacity, and synergistic electrocatalytic activity towards PMH oxidation. Critical experimental parameters including electrolyte pH, nanocomposite loading, preconcentration potential, and time were systematically optimized to maximize analytical performance. Under optimized conditions, the sensor displayed a linear detection range from 6.0 nmol L<sup>−1</sup> to 0.01 μmol L<sup>−1</sup>, with detection and quantification limits of 0.36 and 1.21 nmol L<sup>−1</sup> respectively. The designed sensing platform demonstrated high sensitivity, excellent reproducibility, and practical applicability for PMH determination in urine, water and pharmaceutical samples.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 113387"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146185440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.diamond.2026.113366
Sabrine Zghal , Ilyes Jedidi , Mohamed Salah Mahmoud , Marc Cretin , Sophie Cerneaux , Makki Abdelmouleh
In this work, titanate nanobelts (TNBs) were successfully grown via hydrothermal synthesis onto the surface of as-prepared carbon graphite/carbon nanotubes composite material. Titanium (IV) butoxide was used as precursor for the synthesis of TNBs, following a basic hydrolysis-condensation sol-gel reaction. Morphological characterization of the nanocomposites by SEM indicated the achieved good growth of TNBs onto the surface of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphite supports. The specific surface area, determined by BET, increased significantly from pure graphite carbon KS44 (6.23 m2/g) to carbon support KS44/CNT/TNB enriched with TNBs and CNTs (161.67 m2/g). On the other hand, the visible light absorption spectrum increased with TNB-based composites. A remarkable enhancement in absorption in the visible region achieved a 1000% enhancement for KS44/CNT/TNB relative to KS44 alone, which explains the improvement of its photocatalytic degradation capacity of AO7. The results obtained by UV–visible and XPS show that the simultaneous presence of TNBs and CNTs on graphite-based composites (KS44/CNT/TNB) gives the material the necessary properties to be used as an adsorbent and catalyst in wastewater treatment, and in particular for the removal and degradation of azo dyes in aqueous solution.
{"title":"Synthesis of p-n junction via titanate nanobelts grown on graphite/carbon nanotubes for augmented organic pollutant degradation","authors":"Sabrine Zghal , Ilyes Jedidi , Mohamed Salah Mahmoud , Marc Cretin , Sophie Cerneaux , Makki Abdelmouleh","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2026.113366","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2026.113366","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, titanate nanobelts (TNBs) were successfully grown via hydrothermal synthesis onto the surface of as-prepared carbon graphite/carbon nanotubes composite material. Titanium (IV) butoxide was used as precursor for the synthesis of TNBs, following a basic hydrolysis-condensation sol-gel reaction. Morphological characterization of the nanocomposites by SEM indicated the achieved good growth of TNBs onto the surface of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphite supports. The specific surface area, determined by BET, increased significantly from pure graphite carbon KS44 (6.23 m<sup>2</sup>/g) to carbon support KS44/CNT/TNB enriched with TNBs and CNTs (161.67 m<sup>2</sup>/g). On the other hand, the visible light absorption spectrum increased with TNB-based composites. A remarkable enhancement in absorption in the visible region achieved a 1000% enhancement for KS44/CNT/TNB relative to KS44 alone, which explains the improvement of its photocatalytic degradation capacity of AO7. The results obtained by UV–visible and XPS show that the simultaneous presence of TNBs and CNTs on graphite-based composites (KS44/CNT/TNB) gives the material the necessary properties to be used as an adsorbent and catalyst in wastewater treatment, and in particular for the removal and degradation of azo dyes in aqueous solution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 113366"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146185369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrodes have attracted considerable attention as promising candidates for electrochemical ozone production (EOP) in extreme and corrosive environments, due to their exceptional chemical and physical stability. However, the inherently low ozone generation efficiency has significantly hindered their widespread application in EOP processes. In this study, a hydrogen plasma etching strategy was developed to fabricate hydrogen-terminated BDD electrodes, which undergo in situ oxidation during the anodic reaction, thereby transforming the surface termination from hydrogen to oxygen. This surface-engineering approach markedly enhances the electrode's electrocatalytic activity for ozone generation. Experimental results demonstrated that, compared to the as-deposited BDD electrode, the sample etched for 1.5 h at a chamber temperature of 700 °C and a hydrogen flow rate of 300 sccm (labeled as BDD-H1.5h) exhibited a significantly increased electrochemical active area (ECSA) and a decreased charge transfer resistance (Rct). As a result, the ozone production rate of the BDD-H1.5h electrode was 2.66 times higher than that of the untreated BDD electrode, with a Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 17.23%. Theoretical calculations further revealed that the combination of appropriate hydrogen plasma etching and in situ oxidation leads to the enrichment of C-O-C and C-OH functional groups on the electrode surface. These surface species significantly enhance the adsorption of the OH⁎ intermediate, which plays a pivotal role in the ozone oxidation pathway. Therefore, the BDD-H1.5h electrode exhibits excellent performance in the electrocatalytic ozonation of the representative organic dye pollutant Acid Red 27 (AR 27). This highlights the great potential of modified BDD electrodes for efficient ozone generation and organic pollutant removal in water treatment applications.
{"title":"Synergistic hydrogen plasma etching and in situ oxidation of boron-doped diamond for enhanced electrochemical ozone production","authors":"Lipeng Zhao , Yicheng Jiang , Shengli Zhu , Zhenduo Cui , Zhaoyang Li , Wence Xu , Zhonghui Gao , Meiqing Guo , Yanqin Liang , Hui Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2026.113382","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2026.113382","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrodes have attracted considerable attention as promising candidates for electrochemical ozone production (EOP) in extreme and corrosive environments, due to their exceptional chemical and physical stability. However, the inherently low ozone generation efficiency has significantly hindered their widespread application in EOP processes. In this study, a hydrogen plasma etching strategy was developed to fabricate hydrogen-terminated BDD electrodes, which undergo in situ oxidation during the anodic reaction, thereby transforming the surface termination from hydrogen to oxygen. This surface-engineering approach markedly enhances the electrode's electrocatalytic activity for ozone generation. Experimental results demonstrated that, compared to the as-deposited BDD electrode, the sample etched for 1.5 h at a chamber temperature of 700 °C and a hydrogen flow rate of 300 sccm (labeled as BDD-H<sub>1.5h</sub>) exhibited a significantly increased electrochemical active area (ECSA) and a decreased charge transfer resistance (Rct). As a result, the ozone production rate of the BDD-H<sub>1.5h</sub> electrode was 2.66 times higher than that of the untreated BDD electrode, with a Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 17.23%. Theoretical calculations further revealed that the combination of appropriate hydrogen plasma etching and in situ oxidation leads to the enrichment of C-O-C and C-OH functional groups on the electrode surface. These surface species significantly enhance the adsorption of the OH<sup>⁎</sup> intermediate, which plays a pivotal role in the ozone oxidation pathway. Therefore, the BDD-H<sub>1.5h</sub> electrode exhibits excellent performance in the electrocatalytic ozonation of the representative organic dye pollutant Acid Red 27 (AR 27). This highlights the great potential of modified BDD electrodes for efficient ozone generation and organic pollutant removal in water treatment applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 113382"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146185374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.diamond.2026.113385
Jie Yang , Hengrui Qiu , Qi Liu , Ping Bai , Yongqiang Zhang , Wenxiu He
Metal–organic framework (MOF)–derived ZnFe2O4-based anode materials have attracted increasing interest for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) because of their high theoretical capacity and rich multi-electron redox chemistry. However, their practical application is still severely hindered by pronounced volume variation, structural pulverization, and unstable electrode–electrolyte interfaces during repeated lithiation/delithiation processes. These issues cannot be fully mitigated by compositional optimization or morphological control alone. Herein, a polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-assisted Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 (ZIF-8)-derived strategy is proposed to regulate precursor evolution and interfacial architecture, enabling the rational construction of nitrogen-doped carbon-modified ZnO/ZnFe2O4 heterostructured anodes. The introduction of PVP during the coordination self-assembly process effectively modulates the formation of a ZnFe-MOF-like precursor and its subsequent phase evolution during thermal treatment. As a result, uniformly distributed ZnO/ZnFe2O4 heterostructures are successfully embedded within a conductive N-doped carbon framework, which provides effective mechanical buffering and enhanced interfacial coupling. The synergistic integration of heterostructure engineering and N-doped carbon modification significantly promotes charge transfer kinetics, stabilizes the electrode–electrolyte interface, and alleviates structural degradation during cycling. Benefiting from these structural advantages, the optimized N-C/ZnFe2O4/ZnO-0.3 electrode delivers a high reversible capacity of 1487 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 and maintains a stable capacity of 569.2 mAh g−1 after 500 cycles at 1 A g−1. This work highlights the critical role of precursor regulation and interfacial engineering in MOF-derived conversion-type anodes and provides a feasible strategy for the rational design of high-performance LIB anode materials.
金属有机骨架（MOF）衍生的znfe2o4基负极材料因其较高的理论容量和丰富的多电子氧化还原化学性质而越来越受到锂离子电池（LIBs）的关注。然而，它们的实际应用仍然受到反复锂化/去锂化过程中明显的体积变化、结构粉化和不稳定的电极-电解质界面的严重阻碍。这些问题不能完全减轻成分优化或形态控制单独。本文提出了一种聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）辅助咪唑酸分子筛骨架-8 （ZIF-8）衍生策略来调节前驱体演化和界面结构，从而实现氮掺杂碳修饰ZnO/ZnFe2O4异质结构阳极的合理构建。在配位自组装过程中引入PVP有效地调节了znfe - mof样前驱体的形成及其在热处理过程中的后续相演化。结果表明，均匀分布的ZnO/ZnFe2O4异质结构成功嵌入到导电n掺杂碳框架中，提供了有效的机械缓冲和增强的界面耦合。异质结构工程和n掺杂碳改性的协同集成显著促进了电荷转移动力学，稳定了电极-电解质界面，减轻了循环过程中的结构降解。得益于这些结构优势，优化后的N-C/ZnFe2O4/ZnO-0.3电极在0.1 ag - 1下可提供1487 mAh g - 1的高可逆容量，并在1 ag - 1下循环500次后保持569.2 mAh g - 1的稳定容量。这项工作强调了前驱体调控和界面工程在mof衍生转化型阳极中的关键作用，并为高性能锂电池阳极材料的合理设计提供了可行的策略。
{"title":"Interface-regulated ZnO/ZnFe2O4 composites with enhanced pseudocapacitive lithium storage","authors":"Jie Yang , Hengrui Qiu , Qi Liu , Ping Bai , Yongqiang Zhang , Wenxiu He","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2026.113385","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2026.113385","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metal–organic framework (MOF)–derived ZnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-based anode materials have attracted increasing interest for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) because of their high theoretical capacity and rich multi-electron redox chemistry. However, their practical application is still severely hindered by pronounced volume variation, structural pulverization, and unstable electrode–electrolyte interfaces during repeated lithiation/delithiation processes. These issues cannot be fully mitigated by compositional optimization or morphological control alone. Herein, a polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-assisted Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 (ZIF-8)-derived strategy is proposed to regulate precursor evolution and interfacial architecture, enabling the rational construction of nitrogen-doped carbon-modified ZnO/ZnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> heterostructured anodes. The introduction of PVP during the coordination self-assembly process effectively modulates the formation of a ZnFe-MOF-like precursor and its subsequent phase evolution during thermal treatment. As a result, uniformly distributed ZnO/ZnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> heterostructures are successfully embedded within a conductive N-doped carbon framework, which provides effective mechanical buffering and enhanced interfacial coupling. The synergistic integration of heterostructure engineering and N-doped carbon modification significantly promotes charge transfer kinetics, stabilizes the electrode–electrolyte interface, and alleviates structural degradation during cycling. Benefiting from these structural advantages, the optimized N-C/ZnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/ZnO-0.3 electrode delivers a high reversible capacity of 1487 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> at 0.1 A g<sup>−1</sup> and maintains a stable capacity of 569.2 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> after 500 cycles at 1 A g<sup>−1</sup>. This work highlights the critical role of precursor regulation and interfacial engineering in MOF-derived conversion-type anodes and provides a feasible strategy for the rational design of high-performance LIB anode materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 113385"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146185367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.diamond.2026.113391
Muhammadin Hamid , Noor Haida Mohd Kaus , Isnaeni Isnaeni , Syahrul Humaidi , Nursal , Hadi Wijoyo , Dwi Puspita Sari , Suresh Sagadevan
Nitrogen and Sulfur Co-doped Carbon Dots (NS-CDs) are synthesized from shrimp shell biomass waste, and L-cysteine, as the carbon source and dopant, using a microwave-assisted method. This study explores the use of biomass waste to develop sustainable high-performance electrode materials for supercapacitors. The synthesized NS-CDs has exhibited the agglomeration of the particle in the diameter ranging from 80 to 100 nm. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis has confirmed the characteristic diffraction peaks corresponding to the graphitic carbon planes (002) and (001), while spectroscopic methods further validate the successful incorporation of nitrogen and sulfur dopants by detecting functional groups such as N=C=S. Electrochemical evaluation shows that the sample with a 1:1 ratio of shrimp shell to L-cysteine provides optimal performance, achieving a specific capacitance of 490.22 F/g, the lowest internal resistance of 3.92 Ω, and the highest electrical conductivity of 452.49 S/cm. Furthermore, this optimal sample reaches an energy density of 109.15 Wh/kg and a power density of nearly 598 W/kg. These results demonstrate that shrimp shell-derived NS-CDs could be a promising candidate for sustainable electrode materials in supercapacitor applications.
{"title":"Optimization of L-cysteine as a nitrogen and sulfur source in carbon dots synthesized from shrimp shells for supercapacitor electrodes","authors":"Muhammadin Hamid , Noor Haida Mohd Kaus , Isnaeni Isnaeni , Syahrul Humaidi , Nursal , Hadi Wijoyo , Dwi Puspita Sari , Suresh Sagadevan","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2026.113391","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2026.113391","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nitrogen and Sulfur Co-doped Carbon Dots (NS-CDs) are synthesized from shrimp shell biomass waste, and L-cysteine, as the carbon source and dopant, using a microwave-assisted method. This study explores the use of biomass waste to develop sustainable high-performance electrode materials for supercapacitors. The synthesized NS-CDs has exhibited the agglomeration of the particle in the diameter ranging from 80 to 100 nm. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis has confirmed the characteristic diffraction peaks corresponding to the graphitic carbon planes (002) and (001), while spectroscopic methods further validate the successful incorporation of nitrogen and sulfur dopants by detecting functional groups such as N=C=S. Electrochemical evaluation shows that the sample with a 1:1 ratio of shrimp shell to L-cysteine provides optimal performance, achieving a specific capacitance of 490.22 F/g, the lowest internal resistance of 3.92 Ω, and the highest electrical conductivity of 452.49 S/cm. Furthermore, this optimal sample reaches an energy density of 109.15 Wh/kg and a power density of nearly 598 W/kg. These results demonstrate that shrimp shell-derived NS-CDs could be a promising candidate for sustainable electrode materials in supercapacitor applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 113391"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146184803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-31DOI: 10.1016/j.diamond.2026.113364
Hao Wu , Haichao Li , Zejun Deng , Jie Wang , Rongkai Ge , Yijia Wang , Kechao Zhou , Quiping Wei , Li Ma
Boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrodes are recognized as highly promising anodes for electrochemical advanced oxidation processes owing to the wide potential window, high stability, and superior electrochemical oxidation capability. Nevertheless, their practical applications are limited by electrochemically active surface area (EASA) and insufficient mass transfer efficiency. In this work, a strategy of oxygen plasma etching at different temperatures (550 °C, 650 °C, and 750 °C) was employed to enhance the electrochemical oxidation performance of BDD anodes. Increasing the etching temperature intensifies the etching of crystal facets, leading to the formation of nanopores at 650 °C, while excessive etching at 750 °C results in grain fragmentation. The plasma-induced morphological evolution increased the EASA and facilitated interfacial mass transfer, thereby substantially improving the electrochemical oxidation efficiency. Among the etched electrodes, 650 °C-BDD has the highest EASA, with a degradation rate constant of 3.89 ± 0.11 h−1 for Reactive Blue 19 (RB-19), which is close to a sixfold enhancement compared with that of pristine BDD. Moreover, the TOC removal rate of the 650 °C-BDD electrode was nearly 2.4 times higher than that of pristine BDD, while reducing the TOC energy consumption by about 35.2%. These results demonstrate a clear correlation between oxygen plasma etching temperature, BDD surface morphology, and electrochemical oxidation efficiency, thereby providing practical guidance for the rational design of high-performance diamond anodes in advanced wastewater treatment applications.
{"title":"High-temperature oxygen plasma etching for enhancing the electrochemical oxidation performance of boron-doped diamond electrodes","authors":"Hao Wu , Haichao Li , Zejun Deng , Jie Wang , Rongkai Ge , Yijia Wang , Kechao Zhou , Quiping Wei , Li Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2026.113364","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2026.113364","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrodes are recognized as highly promising anodes for electrochemical advanced oxidation processes owing to the wide potential window, high stability, and superior electrochemical oxidation capability. Nevertheless, their practical applications are limited by electrochemically active surface area (EASA) and insufficient mass transfer efficiency. In this work, a strategy of oxygen plasma etching at different temperatures (550 °C, 650 °C, and 750 °C) was employed to enhance the electrochemical oxidation performance of BDD anodes. Increasing the etching temperature intensifies the etching of crystal facets, leading to the formation of nanopores at 650 °C, while excessive etching at 750 °C results in grain fragmentation. The plasma-induced morphological evolution increased the EASA and facilitated interfacial mass transfer, thereby substantially improving the electrochemical oxidation efficiency. Among the etched electrodes, 650 °C-BDD has the highest EASA, with a degradation rate constant of 3.89 ± 0.11 h<sup>−1</sup> for Reactive Blue 19 (RB-19), which is close to a sixfold enhancement compared with that of pristine BDD. Moreover, the TOC removal rate of the 650 °C-BDD electrode was nearly 2.4 times higher than that of pristine BDD, while reducing the TOC energy consumption by about 35.2%. These results demonstrate a clear correlation between oxygen plasma etching temperature, BDD surface morphology, and electrochemical oxidation efficiency, thereby providing practical guidance for the rational design of high-performance diamond anodes in advanced wastewater treatment applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 113364"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146184801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-31DOI: 10.1016/j.diamond.2026.113383
S. Elhadfi , J. Chenouf
The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of excitonic solar cells (XSCs) based on organic semiconductors has reached over 20%. However, the combination of high PCE and long-term stability is still a major conundrum of commercialization. To achieve this goal, we highlight here a promising strategy based on exploiting the empty space within 1D crystal nanotubes (NTs) to encapsulate photoactive organic molecules, creating 1D van der Waals heterostructures (1D vdWHTs) with tunable optoelectronic properties. Aiming to provide theoretical guidance for the rapid selection of 1D vdWHTs based on NTs encapsulating -conjugated molecules towards stable and efficient XSCs, comprehensive first-principles calculations are carried out to study the energetic stability, optoelectronic behavior, and photovoltaic potential of single-walled carbon, boron-phosphide, and germanium-carbide NTs filled with a series of -conjugated oligochalcogenophenes (nX). We demonstrate that the host NTs combined with the guest nX can provide XSCs with tunable optoelectronic properties, electron-donor/electron-acceptor interface band alignment, and PCE. Intriguingly, we evidence that including the contribution of nX electron-acceptors with strong NIR/visible absorption can significantly enhance the PCE, potentially reaching over 28%. This work emphasizes the importance of nX@NTs-based 1D vdWHTs strategy in tuning the photovoltaic performances, leading to development of novel heterostructures for stable and efficient XSCs.
{"title":"First-principles screening of 1D van der Waals heterostructures based on oligochalcogenophenes encapsulated within 1D crystal nanotubes for stable and efficient excitonic solar cells","authors":"S. Elhadfi , J. Chenouf","doi":"10.1016/j.diamond.2026.113383","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diamond.2026.113383","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of excitonic solar cells (XSCs) based on organic semiconductors has reached over 20%. However, the combination of high PCE and long-term stability is still a major conundrum of commercialization. To achieve this goal, we highlight here a promising strategy based on exploiting the empty space within 1D crystal nanotubes (NTs) to encapsulate photoactive organic molecules, creating 1D van der Waals heterostructures (1D vdWHTs) with tunable optoelectronic properties. Aiming to provide theoretical guidance for the rapid selection of 1D vdWHTs based on NTs encapsulating <span><math><mi>π</mi></math></span>-conjugated molecules towards stable and efficient XSCs, comprehensive first-principles calculations are carried out to study the energetic stability, optoelectronic behavior, and photovoltaic potential of single-walled carbon, boron-phosphide, and germanium-carbide NTs filled with a series of <span><math><mi>π</mi></math></span>-conjugated oligochalcogenophenes (nX). We demonstrate that the host NTs combined with the guest nX can provide XSCs with tunable optoelectronic properties, electron-donor/electron-acceptor interface band alignment, and PCE. Intriguingly, we evidence that including the contribution of nX electron-acceptors with strong NIR/visible absorption can significantly enhance the PCE, potentially reaching over 28%. This work emphasizes the importance of nX@NTs-based 1D vdWHTs strategy in tuning the photovoltaic performances, leading to development of novel heterostructures for stable and efficient XSCs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11266,"journal":{"name":"Diamond and Related Materials","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 113383"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146184804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号