Pub Date : 2020-04-01DOI: 10.12783/dteees/peems2019/34018
Zhengnan Hou, Xiaoxiao Lv, Shengxian Zhuang
Health monitoring of wind turbine (WT) has gained considerable attention, and the supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) data (such as power, temperature, and pressure, etc.) have been analyzed. However, many parameters in SCADA data are inertia parameters, which are easily affected by their inherent inertia. To solve this problem, a health pre-progress for SCADA data based on immunity perception (IP) is proposed in this paper. This progress uses the immunity perception to obtain the health information of a single parameter. Two numerical examples are given to validate the progress proposed in this paper.
{"title":"Fault Diagnosis of Wind Turbine SCADA Data via Immunity Perception","authors":"Zhengnan Hou, Xiaoxiao Lv, Shengxian Zhuang","doi":"10.12783/dteees/peems2019/34018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12783/dteees/peems2019/34018","url":null,"abstract":"Health monitoring of wind turbine (WT) has gained considerable attention, and the supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) data (such as power, temperature, and pressure, etc.) have been analyzed. However, many parameters in SCADA data are inertia parameters, which are easily affected by their inherent inertia. To solve this problem, a health pre-progress for SCADA data based on immunity perception (IP) is proposed in this paper. This progress uses the immunity perception to obtain the health information of a single parameter. Two numerical examples are given to validate the progress proposed in this paper.","PeriodicalId":11369,"journal":{"name":"DEStech Transactions on Environment, Energy and Earth Science","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82549037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-01DOI: 10.12783/dteees/peems2019/33973
Bo Wang, Yong Tang
Insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) is the most widely used fully-controlled power electronic device at present. Its limit frequency is generally determined by the maximum junction temperature and maximum power consumption given in the manual, and it is difficult to reflect the nature of thermal failure. Based on the thermal balance analysis of IGBT power consumption-temperature curve and heat transfer curve, the thermal stability point, unstable point and critical point of junction temperature are obtained, thus the IGBT limit power consumption at the critical point is obtained, the design method of IGBT limit frequency is obtained from the tangent of the two curves, and finally the experimental verification is carried out. Introduction IGBT is a kind of compound power semiconductor device which combines the structure of field effect transistor and bipolar power transistor. It has the advantages of high input impedance, fast switching speed, low driving power, reduced saturation voltage, large current bearing, etc. It is widely used in various medium and high power electronic devices and is currently the most widely used full control power electronic device [1] . In the existing power electronic devices, IGBT safe operating area is generally designed based on experience and parameters and curves provided by device manufacturers, and a large margin is usually reserved for ensuring reliability in application. At present, the basic idea of studying IGBT limit frequency at home and abroad is based on the steady-state thermal resistance calculation formula, which is realized through the maximum junction temperature given in the manual. Literature [2] studied the IGBT operating limit according to the relationship between maximum junction temperature, thermal resistance and limiting power consumption. Literature [3] analyzed the on-state limit current and the on-state limit power consumption, and points out that the on-state limit power consumption is the power consumption corresponding to the maximum junction temperature. Literature [4] calculated IGBT switch power consumption and conduction power consumption, and estimated the junction temperature at switch works by using the relationship between power consumption and thermal resistance. Based on the thermal balance analysis of IGBT power consumption-temperature curve and heat transfer curve, this paper obtains the stable point, unstable point and critical point of junction temperature, obtains the limit power consumption of IGBT at the critical point, obtains the limit frequency under certain circuit conditions from the limit power consumption, and finally carries out experimental verification. Theoretical Analysis IGBT thermal failure mainly includes long-term thermal accumulation failure and short-term thermal shock failure. Among them, thermal accumulation failure is mainly caused by poor heat dissipation, excessive current and frequency, and there is a process of thermal accumulation. Heat
{"title":"Research on IGBT Limit Frequency Based on Heat Balance Analysis","authors":"Bo Wang, Yong Tang","doi":"10.12783/dteees/peems2019/33973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12783/dteees/peems2019/33973","url":null,"abstract":"Insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) is the most widely used fully-controlled power electronic device at present. Its limit frequency is generally determined by the maximum junction temperature and maximum power consumption given in the manual, and it is difficult to reflect the nature of thermal failure. Based on the thermal balance analysis of IGBT power consumption-temperature curve and heat transfer curve, the thermal stability point, unstable point and critical point of junction temperature are obtained, thus the IGBT limit power consumption at the critical point is obtained, the design method of IGBT limit frequency is obtained from the tangent of the two curves, and finally the experimental verification is carried out. Introduction IGBT is a kind of compound power semiconductor device which combines the structure of field effect transistor and bipolar power transistor. It has the advantages of high input impedance, fast switching speed, low driving power, reduced saturation voltage, large current bearing, etc. It is widely used in various medium and high power electronic devices and is currently the most widely used full control power electronic device [1] . In the existing power electronic devices, IGBT safe operating area is generally designed based on experience and parameters and curves provided by device manufacturers, and a large margin is usually reserved for ensuring reliability in application. At present, the basic idea of studying IGBT limit frequency at home and abroad is based on the steady-state thermal resistance calculation formula, which is realized through the maximum junction temperature given in the manual. Literature [2] studied the IGBT operating limit according to the relationship between maximum junction temperature, thermal resistance and limiting power consumption. Literature [3] analyzed the on-state limit current and the on-state limit power consumption, and points out that the on-state limit power consumption is the power consumption corresponding to the maximum junction temperature. Literature [4] calculated IGBT switch power consumption and conduction power consumption, and estimated the junction temperature at switch works by using the relationship between power consumption and thermal resistance. Based on the thermal balance analysis of IGBT power consumption-temperature curve and heat transfer curve, this paper obtains the stable point, unstable point and critical point of junction temperature, obtains the limit power consumption of IGBT at the critical point, obtains the limit frequency under certain circuit conditions from the limit power consumption, and finally carries out experimental verification. Theoretical Analysis IGBT thermal failure mainly includes long-term thermal accumulation failure and short-term thermal shock failure. Among them, thermal accumulation failure is mainly caused by poor heat dissipation, excessive current and frequency, and there is a process of thermal accumulation. Heat ","PeriodicalId":11369,"journal":{"name":"DEStech Transactions on Environment, Energy and Earth Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89055080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-01DOI: 10.12783/dteees/peems2019/33925
Jing Liu, Zhenggang Gao, Kun Chen, Chunfeng Song, DongQin Wang, Yanying He
N-doped graphene (NG)/TiO2 composites were prepared by a hydrothermal method using HF as the surface etchant and urea as the nitrogen source. The morphology and structure of the NG /TiO2 composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM), UV-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-Vis DRS) and specific surface area (BET). The pore size distribution of the composite and the effect of NG addition on the photocatalytic properties were studied. The photocatalytic properties of the composite were evaluated under UV and sunlight conditions respectively. The results show that TiO2 is uniformly loaded on the surface of NG, and NG/TiO2 is mesoporous material. The introduction of NG can effectively improve the photocatalytic properties, 5wt% NG/TiO2 has the best photocatalytic degradation effect on methylene blue. The degradation rate of methylene blue is 96.30% at 30 min under UV and 99.87% at 180 min under sunlight.
{"title":"Photocatalytic Degradation of Dye Wastewater by NG/TiO2 Composite","authors":"Jing Liu, Zhenggang Gao, Kun Chen, Chunfeng Song, DongQin Wang, Yanying He","doi":"10.12783/dteees/peems2019/33925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12783/dteees/peems2019/33925","url":null,"abstract":"N-doped graphene (NG)/TiO2 composites were prepared by a hydrothermal method using HF as the surface etchant and urea as the nitrogen source. The morphology and structure of the NG /TiO2 composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM), UV-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-Vis DRS) and specific surface area (BET). The pore size distribution of the composite and the effect of NG addition on the photocatalytic properties were studied. The photocatalytic properties of the composite were evaluated under UV and sunlight conditions respectively. The results show that TiO2 is uniformly loaded on the surface of NG, and NG/TiO2 is mesoporous material. The introduction of NG can effectively improve the photocatalytic properties, 5wt% NG/TiO2 has the best photocatalytic degradation effect on methylene blue. The degradation rate of methylene blue is 96.30% at 30 min under UV and 99.87% at 180 min under sunlight.","PeriodicalId":11369,"journal":{"name":"DEStech Transactions on Environment, Energy and Earth Science","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87787187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-01DOI: 10.12783/dteees/peems2019/34021
Xu Zhilong, Sun Yuwei, Zhu Jianbao, Chao Ye, Chen Yu, Zhongyi Wang
This paper evaluates the risk of transmission equipment fault combined with the safety of transmission equipment based on condition monitoring. First of all, the monitoring system monitors important parameters related to the environment, electricity, and machinery in the operation of the power transmission equipment to determine the operating status of the power transmission equipment. Secondly, the impact of transmission equipment on power system risks is reflected by risk indicator. The proposed risk indicator combines the probability of transmission equipment failure and the importance of the equipment. Finally, a reliable and safe maintenance method is determined while taking into account the operating status (reliability) of the transmission equipment and the impact (importance) of the equipment on the system. This method can more reasonably allocate maintenance resources and improve the reliability and safety of power system operation. Introduction Power transmission equipment is the key to the operation of the power system, because there are a large number of power transmission equipment in a system. And their characteristics are different (age, failure probability, impact of failure), so their maintenance methods are very complicated. When formulate a transmission equipment maintenance strategy, not only the operation status of the transmission equipment itself, but also the impact of the transmission equipment outage on the system should be considered. The operation status of the transmission equipment should be evaluated and analyzed according to the selected condition monitoring parameters. This method uses state monitoring parameters to evaluate the overall state of the power transmission equipment and estimate the probability of the fault status of the power transmission equipment, and propose a comprehensive maintenance decision combining the operating status (reliability) of transmission equipment and the impact of equipment on the system (safety). The purpose of this method is to reduce the risk of power system operation. According to the maintenance decision index, the power transmission equipment is divided into normal status, timely maintenance, emergency maintenance and replacement maintenance. The rest of the paper is organized as follows. Section II discusses the methods for risk assessment. Section III introduces the state recognition technology of transmission equipment. The section IV analyzes the failure probability of transmission equipment, and proposes a risk assessment model of transmission equipment combined with importance. Section V introduces the maintenance strategies for transmission equipment. An example analysis is performed in Section VI. The last part gives the conclusion. Risk Assessment Method for Transmission Equipment In the past few decades, power system risk assessment and management has been widely used in almost every level of power systems, namely power generation, transmission and distribution sys
{"title":"Fault Risk Assessment of Transmission Equipment Based on Condition Monitoring","authors":"Xu Zhilong, Sun Yuwei, Zhu Jianbao, Chao Ye, Chen Yu, Zhongyi Wang","doi":"10.12783/dteees/peems2019/34021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12783/dteees/peems2019/34021","url":null,"abstract":"This paper evaluates the risk of transmission equipment fault combined with the safety of transmission equipment based on condition monitoring. First of all, the monitoring system monitors important parameters related to the environment, electricity, and machinery in the operation of the power transmission equipment to determine the operating status of the power transmission equipment. Secondly, the impact of transmission equipment on power system risks is reflected by risk indicator. The proposed risk indicator combines the probability of transmission equipment failure and the importance of the equipment. Finally, a reliable and safe maintenance method is determined while taking into account the operating status (reliability) of the transmission equipment and the impact (importance) of the equipment on the system. This method can more reasonably allocate maintenance resources and improve the reliability and safety of power system operation. Introduction Power transmission equipment is the key to the operation of the power system, because there are a large number of power transmission equipment in a system. And their characteristics are different (age, failure probability, impact of failure), so their maintenance methods are very complicated. When formulate a transmission equipment maintenance strategy, not only the operation status of the transmission equipment itself, but also the impact of the transmission equipment outage on the system should be considered. The operation status of the transmission equipment should be evaluated and analyzed according to the selected condition monitoring parameters. This method uses state monitoring parameters to evaluate the overall state of the power transmission equipment and estimate the probability of the fault status of the power transmission equipment, and propose a comprehensive maintenance decision combining the operating status (reliability) of transmission equipment and the impact of equipment on the system (safety). The purpose of this method is to reduce the risk of power system operation. According to the maintenance decision index, the power transmission equipment is divided into normal status, timely maintenance, emergency maintenance and replacement maintenance. The rest of the paper is organized as follows. Section II discusses the methods for risk assessment. Section III introduces the state recognition technology of transmission equipment. The section IV analyzes the failure probability of transmission equipment, and proposes a risk assessment model of transmission equipment combined with importance. Section V introduces the maintenance strategies for transmission equipment. An example analysis is performed in Section VI. The last part gives the conclusion. Risk Assessment Method for Transmission Equipment In the past few decades, power system risk assessment and management has been widely used in almost every level of power systems, namely power generation, transmission and distribution sys","PeriodicalId":11369,"journal":{"name":"DEStech Transactions on Environment, Energy and Earth Science","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76535594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-01DOI: 10.12783/dteees/peems2019/34010
F. Gao, N. Zhan, X. Bu, Dong-Liang Geng, Xiang-Rong Li, Lin-Lin Wu
Using the virtual proving ground technique, CAE work can be put in front. Major performance problems of vehicles will be found and handled in advance to improve the research and development efficiency and reduce costs for automotive manufactures. However, this technique is relatively difficult to be implemented in NVH due to the complexity of tire modeling and other problems. Therefore, to deal with these issues, a complete simulation procedure for vehicle road noise was studied in this paper, in which PSD information of test road and CDTire model were integrated as the input of the whole vehicle simulation model successfully. The types of roads and tires, and tire mechanical parameters were compared investigated to provide useful suggestion to automotive manufacturers for NVH design.
{"title":"Research on Vehicle Road Noise Simulation Based on Virtual Proving Ground Technique","authors":"F. Gao, N. Zhan, X. Bu, Dong-Liang Geng, Xiang-Rong Li, Lin-Lin Wu","doi":"10.12783/dteees/peems2019/34010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12783/dteees/peems2019/34010","url":null,"abstract":"Using the virtual proving ground technique, CAE work can be put in front. Major performance problems of vehicles will be found and handled in advance to improve the research and development efficiency and reduce costs for automotive manufactures. However, this technique is relatively difficult to be implemented in NVH due to the complexity of tire modeling and other problems. Therefore, to deal with these issues, a complete simulation procedure for vehicle road noise was studied in this paper, in which PSD information of test road and CDTire model were integrated as the input of the whole vehicle simulation model successfully. The types of roads and tires, and tire mechanical parameters were compared investigated to provide useful suggestion to automotive manufacturers for NVH design.","PeriodicalId":11369,"journal":{"name":"DEStech Transactions on Environment, Energy and Earth Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81247823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-01DOI: 10.12783/dteees/peems2019/33967
Yong-Mei Liu, Siying Zhang, L. Min, Fangjie Li, Han Zhang
TiO2 nanomaterials and ZnO doped TiO2 nanomaterials were synthesized by sol-gel method. The gas sensing properties of ZnO-doped TiO2 nanomaterials were investigated by using a parathermal gas sensor. Studies have shown that the responsiveness of ZnO-doped gas sensor to ethanol gas is increased from 80% to 87%, and the response recovery time is shortened to (1.5s, 1s). This method improves the gas sensitivity of the sensor. Introduction With the increasing emphasis on environmental protection, higher requirements are placed on the detection and monitoring of industrial waste gas, toxic and harmful gases, and the research of gas sensor has become an important research topic [1-3]. Semiconductor gas sensors have been widely studied due to their small size, low cost, simple structure, simple preparation and long service life. At present, the widely used gas sensor materials are ZnO and TiO2, which have good sensitivity to many gases such as ethanol, methane, hydrogen sulfide, carbon monoxide, etc. [4-9], semiconductors made of ZnO and TiO2. Gas sensors can be widely used in the monitoring of toxic gases in various fields of production and living. Generally, gas sensing elements prepared by using pure semiconductor metal oxide powder have low sensitivity, high operating temperature, and difficult performance to meet applicable requirements. At present, the gas of semiconductor metal oxides is mainly improved by methods such as compounding and doping [10]. Sensitive performance. Taking TiO2 as an example, the doping of elements can significantly change the band gap energy of TiO2 and lead to diversified physicochemical properties, thereby improving the detection performance of the sensor on the target gas. By doping the TiO2 gas sensitive material, the sensitivity can be greatly improved.
{"title":"Study on the Gas Sensitivity Properties of TiO2 Nanoparticles Modified by ZnO","authors":"Yong-Mei Liu, Siying Zhang, L. Min, Fangjie Li, Han Zhang","doi":"10.12783/dteees/peems2019/33967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12783/dteees/peems2019/33967","url":null,"abstract":"TiO2 nanomaterials and ZnO doped TiO2 nanomaterials were synthesized by sol-gel method. The gas sensing properties of ZnO-doped TiO2 nanomaterials were investigated by using a parathermal gas sensor. Studies have shown that the responsiveness of ZnO-doped gas sensor to ethanol gas is increased from 80% to 87%, and the response recovery time is shortened to (1.5s, 1s). This method improves the gas sensitivity of the sensor. Introduction With the increasing emphasis on environmental protection, higher requirements are placed on the detection and monitoring of industrial waste gas, toxic and harmful gases, and the research of gas sensor has become an important research topic [1-3]. Semiconductor gas sensors have been widely studied due to their small size, low cost, simple structure, simple preparation and long service life. At present, the widely used gas sensor materials are ZnO and TiO2, which have good sensitivity to many gases such as ethanol, methane, hydrogen sulfide, carbon monoxide, etc. [4-9], semiconductors made of ZnO and TiO2. Gas sensors can be widely used in the monitoring of toxic gases in various fields of production and living. Generally, gas sensing elements prepared by using pure semiconductor metal oxide powder have low sensitivity, high operating temperature, and difficult performance to meet applicable requirements. At present, the gas of semiconductor metal oxides is mainly improved by methods such as compounding and doping [10]. Sensitive performance. Taking TiO2 as an example, the doping of elements can significantly change the band gap energy of TiO2 and lead to diversified physicochemical properties, thereby improving the detection performance of the sensor on the target gas. By doping the TiO2 gas sensitive material, the sensitivity can be greatly improved.","PeriodicalId":11369,"journal":{"name":"DEStech Transactions on Environment, Energy and Earth Science","volume":"165 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87538760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-01DOI: 10.12783/dteees/peems2019/33930
Mingheng Li, Wenli Fan, Juan Lu, Dongfei Xue
This paper starts with the evaluation of indoor environmental quality, and on this basis, analyzes the relationship between human comfort and various environmental factors, establishes a temperature-comfort evaluation model, and uses ECOTEC software to correlate according to the evaluation results of influencing factors. The laboratory simulation of the energy-saving measures for building shading shows that the temperature parameter is an important indicator for evaluating comfort. The relevant optimization measures such as building shading can not only save energy, but also significantly improve the environmental comfort. Introduction China's current green building assessment system puts forward higher requirements and standards for indoor environmental quality, indoor environment comfort and building energy conservation. Comfort is not a single feeling, but a combination of people and the environment, with a combination of environmental factors. Therefore, we collect the environmental parameters we need under appropriate conditions, make an accurate assessment of the excellent indoor environment, and associate it with comfort to complete the evaluation of comfort. This paper starts with the evaluation of indoor environmental quality, and analyzes the relationship between human comfort and various environmental factors, establishes a temperature-comfort evaluation model, and uses ECOTEC software to carry out relevant energy-saving measures based on the evaluation results of influencing factors. The laboratory simulation shows that the use of three-dimensional information technology to assist the design of the building can not only improve the design efficiency, but also make the design of the building more reasonable and the user more comfortable. Determination of Environmental Quality Assessment In the comprehensive environmental assessment, determining the membership function is an extremely important part, which largely determines the accuracy of data fusion. In this study, the Cauchy distribution was used to calculate membership. refers to the degree of attachment of the value of each sensor to the jth element in the set of reviews V established by it, then: ) 0 , 0 ( , ) ( 1 / 1 , 1 a a x a x a a x r ij i ij i ij i ij (1) According to the principle determined by the above comment set, combined with the relevant specifications, the membership degree of each sensor is set separately, and the normalized analysis is completed to obtain the fuzzy relationship evaluation matrix R:
本文从室内环境质量评价入手，在此基础上，分析人体舒适度与各种环境因素之间的关系，建立温度-舒适度评价模型，并根据影响因素的评价结果，利用ECOTEC软件进行关联。对建筑遮阳节能措施的室内模拟表明，温度参数是评价舒适性的重要指标。建筑遮阳等相关优化措施不仅可以节约能源，还可以显著提高环境舒适度。中国现行的绿色建筑评价体系对室内环境质量、室内环境舒适性和建筑节能提出了更高的要求和标准。舒适不是一种单一的感觉，而是人与环境的结合，与环境因素的结合。因此，我们在适当的条件下收集我们所需要的环境参数，对优秀的室内环境进行准确的评价，并将其与舒适度联系起来，完成舒适度的评价。本文从室内环境质量评价入手，分析人体舒适度与各种环境因素之间的关系，建立温度-舒适度评价模型，并利用ECOTEC软件根据影响因素评价结果实施相关节能措施。实验室仿真表明，利用三维信息技术辅助建筑设计，不仅可以提高设计效率，而且可以使建筑设计更加合理，用户更加舒适。在综合环境评价中，隶属度函数的确定是一个极其重要的环节，它在很大程度上决定了数据融合的准确性。本研究采用柯西分布计算隶属度。指的是每个传感器的值的依恋程度j元素的一组评论V建立,然后:0,0(,)(1/1,1一一个x x x r ij我ij ij ij(1)根据上述原则确定评价集,结合相关规范,每个传感器的隶属度分别设置,并且完成了规范化分析得到模糊评价矩阵r的关系:
{"title":"Indoor Environmental Quality Assessment and Building Shading Measures Research","authors":"Mingheng Li, Wenli Fan, Juan Lu, Dongfei Xue","doi":"10.12783/dteees/peems2019/33930","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12783/dteees/peems2019/33930","url":null,"abstract":"This paper starts with the evaluation of indoor environmental quality, and on this basis, analyzes the relationship between human comfort and various environmental factors, establishes a temperature-comfort evaluation model, and uses ECOTEC software to correlate according to the evaluation results of influencing factors. The laboratory simulation of the energy-saving measures for building shading shows that the temperature parameter is an important indicator for evaluating comfort. The relevant optimization measures such as building shading can not only save energy, but also significantly improve the environmental comfort. Introduction China's current green building assessment system puts forward higher requirements and standards for indoor environmental quality, indoor environment comfort and building energy conservation. Comfort is not a single feeling, but a combination of people and the environment, with a combination of environmental factors. Therefore, we collect the environmental parameters we need under appropriate conditions, make an accurate assessment of the excellent indoor environment, and associate it with comfort to complete the evaluation of comfort. This paper starts with the evaluation of indoor environmental quality, and analyzes the relationship between human comfort and various environmental factors, establishes a temperature-comfort evaluation model, and uses ECOTEC software to carry out relevant energy-saving measures based on the evaluation results of influencing factors. The laboratory simulation shows that the use of three-dimensional information technology to assist the design of the building can not only improve the design efficiency, but also make the design of the building more reasonable and the user more comfortable. Determination of Environmental Quality Assessment In the comprehensive environmental assessment, determining the membership function is an extremely important part, which largely determines the accuracy of data fusion. In this study, the Cauchy distribution was used to calculate membership. refers to the degree of attachment of the value of each sensor to the jth element in the set of reviews V established by it, then: ) 0 , 0 ( , ) ( 1 / 1 , 1 a a x a x a a x r ij i ij i ij i ij (1) According to the principle determined by the above comment set, combined with the relevant specifications, the membership degree of each sensor is set separately, and the normalized analysis is completed to obtain the fuzzy relationship evaluation matrix R:","PeriodicalId":11369,"journal":{"name":"DEStech Transactions on Environment, Energy and Earth Science","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88847226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-01DOI: 10.12783/dteees/peems2019/33959
Jinbao Zhao, Fan Xinhui, Bing Li, Ke‐Ke Yang, Y. Kong, Zhaofeng Wang, Jie Liu
The width, deformation and viscosity change of super cooled liquid region of (Cu43Zr48Al9)100-xREx(x=0-4, RE: Y, Gd) bulk metallic glasses in super cooled liquid region are systemically investigated by thermoanalysis tests. By analyzing the width, deformation and viscosity of super cooled liquid region, the amorphous forming ability, thermal stability and thermoplastic forming ability of (Cu43Zr48Al9)100-xREx (x=0-4, RE: Y, Gd) in the super cooled liquid region were obtained. It was found that the addition of rare earth elements Y and Gd improved amorphous forming ability, thermal stability, viscosity and deformation, however, by adding rare earth Y, Gd, viscosity and ΔT was no obvious connection. With the increase of Y content, the thermal stability first increases and then decreases, the viscosity decreases firstly, then increases and decreases finally, the deformation increases firstly and then decreases, it preliminary reveals the relationship between viscosity and amorphous forming ability. (Cu43Zr48Al9)98Y2 amorphous alloy has better thermal stability and thermoplastic formability by adding a small amount of Y.
通过热分析试验系统研究了(Cu43Zr48Al9)100-xREx(x=0-4, RE: Y, Gd)块状金属玻璃在过冷液区的宽度、变形和粘度变化。通过对过冷液区宽度、变形和粘度的分析，得到了(Cu43Zr48Al9)100-xREx (x=0-4, RE: Y, Gd)在过冷液区的非晶态成形能力、热稳定性和热塑性成形能力。结果发现，稀土元素Y和Gd的加入改善了非晶成形能力、热稳定性、粘度和变形，而添加稀土Y、Gd、粘度与ΔT没有明显的联系。随着Y含量的增加，热稳定性先增大后减小，粘度先减小后增大后减小，变形先增大后减小，初步揭示了粘度与非晶成形能力之间的关系。(Cu43Zr48Al9)98Y2非晶合金加入少量Y后，具有较好的热稳定性和热塑性成形性。
{"title":"Amorphous Forming Ability, Thermal Stability, Viscosity and Thermoplastic Formability of (Cu43Zr48Al9)100-xREx (x=0-4, RE: Y,Gd) Alloy","authors":"Jinbao Zhao, Fan Xinhui, Bing Li, Ke‐Ke Yang, Y. Kong, Zhaofeng Wang, Jie Liu","doi":"10.12783/dteees/peems2019/33959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12783/dteees/peems2019/33959","url":null,"abstract":"The width, deformation and viscosity change of super cooled liquid region of (Cu43Zr48Al9)100-xREx(x=0-4, RE: Y, Gd) bulk metallic glasses in super cooled liquid region are systemically investigated by thermoanalysis tests. By analyzing the width, deformation and viscosity of super cooled liquid region, the amorphous forming ability, thermal stability and thermoplastic forming ability of (Cu43Zr48Al9)100-xREx (x=0-4, RE: Y, Gd) in the super cooled liquid region were obtained. It was found that the addition of rare earth elements Y and Gd improved amorphous forming ability, thermal stability, viscosity and deformation, however, by adding rare earth Y, Gd, viscosity and ΔT was no obvious connection. With the increase of Y content, the thermal stability first increases and then decreases, the viscosity decreases firstly, then increases and decreases finally, the deformation increases firstly and then decreases, it preliminary reveals the relationship between viscosity and amorphous forming ability. (Cu43Zr48Al9)98Y2 amorphous alloy has better thermal stability and thermoplastic formability by adding a small amount of Y.","PeriodicalId":11369,"journal":{"name":"DEStech Transactions on Environment, Energy and Earth Science","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89066745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-01DOI: 10.12783/dteees/peems2019/34016
Feng Zhou, Kun Lin, Peng Jiang, Wen-Bo Hao
The requirements of the modern wind power development on the monitoring system networking mode are analyzed, and the wireless sensor network based on ZigBee protocol and the remote monitoring network scheme of wind farm based on 3G network are designed. The system has the advantages of variable topology and flexible networking, and realizes a two-layer and three-layer variable topology networking scheme for the self-organizing network, easy expansion and remote monitoring system of the wireless sensor network. A wind farm video surveillance solution based on 3G network is designed for unattended wind farms. The system has the advantages of strong scalability, high reliability, strong real-time performance, safety and reliability, and low operating cost. It is especially suitable for online monitoring of remote wind farms.
{"title":"Research on Variable Topological Structure and Flexible Networking Mode of Remote Monitoring System for Wind Farm","authors":"Feng Zhou, Kun Lin, Peng Jiang, Wen-Bo Hao","doi":"10.12783/dteees/peems2019/34016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12783/dteees/peems2019/34016","url":null,"abstract":"The requirements of the modern wind power development on the monitoring system networking mode are analyzed, and the wireless sensor network based on ZigBee protocol and the remote monitoring network scheme of wind farm based on 3G network are designed. The system has the advantages of variable topology and flexible networking, and realizes a two-layer and three-layer variable topology networking scheme for the self-organizing network, easy expansion and remote monitoring system of the wireless sensor network. A wind farm video surveillance solution based on 3G network is designed for unattended wind farms. The system has the advantages of strong scalability, high reliability, strong real-time performance, safety and reliability, and low operating cost. It is especially suitable for online monitoring of remote wind farms.","PeriodicalId":11369,"journal":{"name":"DEStech Transactions on Environment, Energy and Earth Science","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86377781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-01DOI: 10.12783/dteees/peems2019/33979
Tian Xi, Guo-sheng Zhang, Xiaoqiang Liu, Yang Li
To improve the registration accuracy, save the printing material, and optimize the printing space on printed glass circuit board for LED, the dual-cameras are introduced to capture the image of screen-printing plate. Considering the configuration of LED circuit, the dual-cameras are separately used to capture two parts of circuit image with 5mm × 4mm scale, which are from whole circuit with 200mm × 100mm scale. In this paper, the bolding pads are considered as the registration mark, the line fitting with global least square method is used to extract the image character points, and the registration deviation are calculated. According to this detection method, the registration printing experience results that the actual registration deviation ( 13μm in x-direction, 14μm in y-direction) satisfy the registration printing requirement of glass circuit board for LED (less than 30μm in x-direction, and less than 24μm in y-direction). Introduction Silver is used as the printing material in the most printed glass circuit boards that is printed by monochrome screen-printing machine in current. In this way, there is an issue that the silver bonding pad is possibly absorbed by the high temperature soldering, and peeled off from the glass substrate. To solve this issue, gold can be used as the bonding pad overprinted on the silver transmission line, because gold cannot be peeled off from sliver substrate by high temperature soldering. To improve the registration accuracy, it’s important to determine the position and shape of the registering mark. The common registering marks, such as the cross-shape mark [1], CMYK mark [2], independent solid circle mark [3] and star-shape mark [4], require to be printed individually, and occupy the printing space. In common, there is only one single camera in the registration system, therefore, it’s difficult to large the captured image scale and improve the registration accuracy at the same time. The Selection of Registering Mark The screen-printing plate for printed glass circuit board is shown in fig. 1, and the registration printing plate is shown in fig. 2. In this paper, to improve the registration accuracy, the dual-cameras with a resolution of 640 × 480, are applied in the experience device. The center distance of two cameras is 170mm. These two cameras are occupied to capture the field in 5mm × 4mm on the plate. Every pixel in this image is actually corresponding to 7.8μm in x-direction, and 8.3μm in y-direction. To save the printing material and optimize the printing space, according to the character of the circuit shape, the bonding pads are selected to be the registering mark, which is shown in fig. 3. In experience, the model of LED chip is ETi-KB358A-BL. According to the datasheet, the distance between each two bonding pads should be large than 240μm. Therefore, the maximum permission registration deviation should be 30μm in x-direction, and 24μm in y-direction. Figure 1. The printed screen plate for printed glas
{"title":"Research on Registration Deviation Detection of Printed Glass LED Circuit Board","authors":"Tian Xi, Guo-sheng Zhang, Xiaoqiang Liu, Yang Li","doi":"10.12783/dteees/peems2019/33979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12783/dteees/peems2019/33979","url":null,"abstract":"To improve the registration accuracy, save the printing material, and optimize the printing space on printed glass circuit board for LED, the dual-cameras are introduced to capture the image of screen-printing plate. Considering the configuration of LED circuit, the dual-cameras are separately used to capture two parts of circuit image with 5mm × 4mm scale, which are from whole circuit with 200mm × 100mm scale. In this paper, the bolding pads are considered as the registration mark, the line fitting with global least square method is used to extract the image character points, and the registration deviation are calculated. According to this detection method, the registration printing experience results that the actual registration deviation ( 13μm in x-direction, 14μm in y-direction) satisfy the registration printing requirement of glass circuit board for LED (less than 30μm in x-direction, and less than 24μm in y-direction). Introduction Silver is used as the printing material in the most printed glass circuit boards that is printed by monochrome screen-printing machine in current. In this way, there is an issue that the silver bonding pad is possibly absorbed by the high temperature soldering, and peeled off from the glass substrate. To solve this issue, gold can be used as the bonding pad overprinted on the silver transmission line, because gold cannot be peeled off from sliver substrate by high temperature soldering. To improve the registration accuracy, it’s important to determine the position and shape of the registering mark. The common registering marks, such as the cross-shape mark [1], CMYK mark [2], independent solid circle mark [3] and star-shape mark [4], require to be printed individually, and occupy the printing space. In common, there is only one single camera in the registration system, therefore, it’s difficult to large the captured image scale and improve the registration accuracy at the same time. The Selection of Registering Mark The screen-printing plate for printed glass circuit board is shown in fig. 1, and the registration printing plate is shown in fig. 2. In this paper, to improve the registration accuracy, the dual-cameras with a resolution of 640 × 480, are applied in the experience device. The center distance of two cameras is 170mm. These two cameras are occupied to capture the field in 5mm × 4mm on the plate. Every pixel in this image is actually corresponding to 7.8μm in x-direction, and 8.3μm in y-direction. To save the printing material and optimize the printing space, according to the character of the circuit shape, the bonding pads are selected to be the registering mark, which is shown in fig. 3. In experience, the model of LED chip is ETi-KB358A-BL. According to the datasheet, the distance between each two bonding pads should be large than 240μm. Therefore, the maximum permission registration deviation should be 30μm in x-direction, and 24μm in y-direction. Figure 1. The printed screen plate for printed glas","PeriodicalId":11369,"journal":{"name":"DEStech Transactions on Environment, Energy and Earth Science","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87219419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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