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Investigation of mechanical properties of composite materials reinforced with carbon fibers 碳纤维增强复合材料力学性能研究
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/e3sconf/202338901085
A. Farmakovskaya, N. Okorokova, A. Perchenok
Theoretical and experimental methods for obtaining and investigating effective thermomechanical characteristics - residual stresses and deformation in panels made of nanomodified materials with asymmetrical reinforcement scheme have been developed in this paper. The study of the residual stress-strain state of structural elements made of carbon plastic using the values of thermoelastic characteristics of composite monolayers identified on the basis of the developed methods meade it possible to reveal the possibility of reducing the residual stress-strain state in structures with asymmetric reinforcement schemes.
本文发展了获取和研究纳米改性材料非对称加固板的有效热力学特性——残余应力和变形的理论和实验方法。利用在此基础上确定的复合单层热弹特性值对碳塑料结构构件的残余应力-应变状态进行研究,揭示了采用非对称配筋方案降低结构残余应力-应变状态的可能性。
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引用次数: 11
Reducing ecological damage to flora and fauna through the use of waste from oil production as porous fillers in manufacturing 通过在制造业中使用石油生产产生的废物作为多孔填料,减少对动植物的生态破坏
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/e3sconf/202338902001
N. Nikitina, E. Abdrakhimova, Gennady Buynitsky
The work shows that it is expedient to use waste from oil production (oil sludge) as a raw material for obtaining porous fillers, which promotes the development of industrial ecology. Industrial ecology studies waste-free technologies - when waste from one production facility is used as raw material at another facility, which will achieve either waste-free production or maximum use of multi-tonnage waste. Ecological-economic systems are the subject of study of industrial or industrial ecology. Currently, the impact of industry on the environment is relevant because the activities of the fuel and energy complex, metallurgical, chemical, mechanical engineering, and many other enterprises cause significant and irreversible damage to nature. The fuel and energy complex is one of the main “polluters” of the natural environment. These are atmospheric emissions (48% of all atmospheric emissions), discharges of wastewater (36% of all discharges), as well as the formation of solid waste (30% of all solid pollutants). The conducted research has shown that due to the increased contents of carbon (16.2%) and calorific value (3300 kcal/kg) in the oil sludge, which burn or contribute to burning (calorific value) during firing, porosity is created in the ceramic material, and a porous material with low density, grade by bulk density of less than 400, is obtained. Based on a liquid-powder composition and waste from oil production - oil sludge, a porous filler with high physical and mechanical properties was obtained. The use of oil production waste in the production of porous fillers contributes to the disposal of industrial multi-tonnage waste, the protection of the environment, and the expansion of the raw material base for construction materials.
研究表明,利用采油废弃物(油泥)作为制备多孔填料的原料,有利于工业生态的发展。工业生态学研究无废物技术——当一个生产设施的废物被用作另一个设施的原材料时,这将实现无废物生产或最大限度地利用多吨废物。生态经济系统是工业或工业生态学研究的主题。目前,工业对环境的影响是相关的,因为燃料和能源综合体、冶金、化学、机械工程和许多其他企业的活动对自然造成重大和不可逆转的损害。燃料和能源综合体是自然环境的主要污染者之一。它们是大气排放(占所有大气排放的48%)、废水排放(占所有排放的36%)以及固体废物的形成(占所有固体污染物的30%)。所进行的研究表明,由于在烧成过程中燃烧或促成燃烧(热值)的油泥中碳含量(16.2%)和热值(3300 kcal/kg)的增加,在陶瓷材料中产生了孔隙,得到了密度小于400的低密度多孔材料。以液体-粉末为原料,以采油废液-油泥为原料,制备了一种具有高物理力学性能的多孔填料。利用采油废弃物生产多孔填料,有利于处理工业多吨位废弃物,保护环境,扩大建筑材料原料基地。
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引用次数: 0
Environmental impact consideration in the measures to improve the builders of different specialties working conditions 考虑环境影响的措施,改善不同专业建筑工人的工作条件
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/e3sconf/202338902007
S. Sazonova, V. Zolnikov, Konstantin Zolnikov, E. Anikeev, S. Evdokimova, Artem Groshev, E. Grosheva
The paper considers working conditions characterized by the presence of harmful and dangerous factors of the natural and industrial environment, as well as the functional body state of builders performing various jobs. As the subject of scientific research, the levels of harmful and dangerous factors of the labor process in the warm and cold periods of the year and physiological indicators characterizing the dynamics of changes in the functional body state of builders working on open construction sites under the influence of the environment were chosen. The purpose of the research is to develop measures to create safe working conditions, as well as to improve the performance and maintain the health of builders. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were solved: the hygienic features of the working conditions of construction work were determined and the leading natural, industrial, harmful and dangerous production factors were identified; the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of harmful factors and the reasons for their formation were studied; professional characteristics of the work of builders with an assessment of the severity and intensity of the labor process were given; a set of measures aimed at optimizing working conditions and maintaining the health of builders was developed. The paper notes that the whole complex of harmful production factors affects the functional state and performance of builders of various professions.
本文考虑了自然环境和工业环境中存在有害和危险因素的工作条件,以及从事各种工作的建筑工人的身体机能状态。作为科学研究的课题,选取了一年中冷暖期劳动过程中有害危险因素的水平,以及环境影响下露天工地施工人员功能身体状态变化动态特征的生理指标。这项研究的目的是制定措施,创造安全的工作条件,以及提高建筑工人的工作表现和保持他们的健康。为实现这一目标,解决了以下任务:确定建筑工作条件的卫生特征,识别主要的自然、工业、有害和危险生产因素;研究了有害因素的定量和定性特征及其形成的原因;给出了建筑商工作的专业特征,并对劳动过程的严重性和强度进行了评估;制定了一套旨在优化工作条件和维护建筑商健康的措施。本文指出,有害生产因素的整体复杂性影响着各行各业建设者的功能状态和绩效。
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引用次数: 3
Hydrophilic fillers for anione exchange membranes of alkaline water electrolyzers 碱性水电解槽阴离子交换膜用亲水性填料
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/e3sconf/202338902030
V. N. Kuleshov, S. Kurochkin, N. V. Kuleshov, A. A. Gavriluk, M. Klimova, S. E. Smirnov
Alkaline water electrolysers are widespread in many industries, including systems with hydrogen cycle of energy storage. One of the problems of modern alkaline water electrolysers is insufficient purity of generated electrolysis gases relative to electrolysis systems with solid-polymer electrolyte. In this regard, work on modification of existing porous diaphragms is actively carried out. One new area of research is the impregnation of new hydrophilic fillers into the composition of existing diaphragms and the transition to ion-solvate membranes. In this work the synthesis of zirconium hydroxide hydrogel inside a porous diaphragm with the hydrophilic filler TiO2 was carried out. This synthesis makes it possible to obtain a membrane with anion-exchange properties. A possible mechanism of OH- hydroxyl ion transfer by immobilized K+ ion was also proposed. The obtained results demonstrated the resistance of the membrane to concentrated alkaline solutions.
碱性水电解槽广泛应用于许多行业,包括氢循环储能系统。现代碱水电解槽存在的问题之一是与固体聚合物电解质的电解系统相比,产生的电解气体纯度不足。在这方面,正在积极进行改造现有多孔隔膜的工作。一个新的研究领域是将新的亲水性填料浸渍到现有隔膜的组成中,并过渡到离子溶剂化物膜。本文采用亲水填料TiO2在多孔膜内合成了氢氧化锆水凝胶。这种合成方法使得获得具有阴离子交换性质的膜成为可能。并提出了固定化K+离子转移OH-羟基离子的可能机理。实验结果表明,该膜对浓碱性溶液具有良好的耐受性。
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引用次数: 0
Preparation of fruit products and analysis of their chemical and organoleptic assessment 水果制品的制备及其化学和感官评价分析
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/e3sconf/202338903035
Mirzamad Odinaev, Shuhrat Akhmedov, Nodir Djalilov, S. Ganiev, Fakhriddin Kurbanov
Processing of fruits and grapes and the creation of high-quality food items are completely consistent with the requirements of not destroying the produced crop. Making candied fruits from fresh fruits is a processed product that can increase the shelf life of the fruits by many years. The processing of fruits and grapes to produce high-value food products can be done without destroying the cultivated crop. Candied fruits, for example, are a processed product made from fresh fruits that can significantly prolong their shelf life for many years. Research was conducted in 2021-2022 at the Scientific Research Institute of Horticulture, Viticulture and Winemaking named after Academician M. Mirzaev “Department of Storage and Processing of Fruit and Grapes”. The results depicted that the dry matter content of candied fruits was generally higher than 70-75%, which was consistent across most sources. An analysis of processed products made from grain fruits showed that candied fruits made from apricots had a dry matter content of 94.5-97.2%, while peaches had a dry matter content of 93.8-95.1%, and plums had a dry matter content of 85.7-88.6%. It is worth noting that apricots and peaches contained particularly high levels of dry matter.
水果和葡萄的加工以及高质量食品的生产完全符合不破坏生产作物的要求。用新鲜水果制作蜜饯是一种加工产品,可以使水果的保质期延长许多年。加工水果和葡萄以生产高价值的食品可以在不破坏栽培作物的情况下完成。例如,蜜饯是一种由新鲜水果制成的加工产品,可以显着延长其保质期多年。研究于2021-2022年在园艺、葡萄种植和酿酒科学研究所进行,该研究所以米尔扎耶夫院士命名,“水果和葡萄储存和加工部门”。结果表明,蜜饯干物质含量普遍高于70-75%,这在大多数来源中是一致的。对谷物水果加工产品的分析表明,杏蜜饯干物质含量为94.5 ~ 97.2%,桃蜜饯干物质含量为93.8 ~ 95.1%,李子蜜饯干物质含量为85.7 ~ 88.6%。值得注意的是,杏和桃的干物质含量特别高。
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引用次数: 0
Prospects for the training development of qualified personnel in the agricultural education system: a case study from Tashkent State Agrarian University, Uzbekistan 农业教育系统中合格人员的培训发展前景:乌兹别克斯坦塔什干国立农业大学的案例研究
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/e3sconf/202338903037
A. Toshboev, Zohid Ziddikov, N. Boltaev
Development, implementation, and achievement of the desired results of Uzbekistan's stable progress and development of reforms are directly related to the professional personnel who organize these processes and their knowledge of innovative management. Because the correct determination of the directions of the reforms and the results to be achieved requires such qualities as high knowledge, potential, and professional skills from the specialist personnel. In addition, it is important to properly organize personnel management in every enterprise and organization in every field, direction, and place the most qualified personnel with the necessary knowledge and potential in every job. An important aspect of econometric analysis is that it is an analysis based on the assessment of the effects of factors that have an indirect, but not direct, effect on the change in the outcome variable. That is, in our analysis, if we define the indicator of employment of graduates as a result, the factors that indirectly influence its change are the scientific potential of teachers, the degree to which the institution where the graduate is trained is compatible with practice, the level of scientific research in the educational institution, education in harmony with international experiences. Factors such as have an indirect effect. In this article, medium-term forecast indicators of the level of employment of graduates in the training of agricultural educational institutions in the period of 2022-2027 have been developed. Also, the main directions of introduction of market mechanisms in effective management of agrarian education system are highlighted in the article.
乌兹别克斯坦改革的稳定进展和发展所取得的预期成果的制定、实施和实现与组织这些过程的专业人员及其创新管理知识直接相关。因为正确确定改革的方向和要取得的成果,需要专业人员具备高知识、高潜力和专业技能等素质。此外,要把每个企业、每个组织、每个领域、每个方向的人员管理做好,把最具备必要知识和潜力的人才安排在每一项工作岗位上。计量经济学分析的一个重要方面是,它是一种基于评估对结果变量的变化有间接而不是直接影响的因素的影响的分析。也就是说,在我们的分析中,如果我们将毕业生就业指标定义为结果,那么间接影响其变化的因素是教师的科学潜力、培养毕业生的机构与实际相适应的程度、教育机构的科学研究水平、教育与国际经验的和谐程度。诸如此类的因素有间接影响。本文编制了2022-2027年农业教育院校培养毕业生就业水平的中期预测指标。文章还指出了引入市场机制有效管理农业教育体制的主要方向。
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引用次数: 0
Quantitative analysis of soil living organisms and important aspects of vermicompost cultivation 土壤生物定量分析及蚯蚓堆肥栽培的重要方面
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/e3sconf/202338903010
H.M. Toshov, F.I. Asadova, M.A. Namozova
This article provides information on microorganisms, plants and California red worms used in the production of biohumus, which are the main organic components of some cultivated soils in the Bukhara oasis. Also, the services of plants, animals and microorganisms, which are living organisms living in the soil, in increasing soil fertility are described, the importance of plants that provide life factors for each biocenosis in the normal growth and development is revealed.
本文介绍了布哈拉绿洲部分耕地土壤的主要有机成分——生物腐殖质的微生物、植物和加州红虫。同时,介绍了植物、动物和微生物等生活在土壤中的生物在提高土壤肥力方面的作用,揭示了植物在土壤正常生长发育过程中为各种生物群落提供生命因子的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Cultıvatıon of protococcales on wastewater 废水上原球菌的Cultıvatıon
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/e3sconf/202338903011
S. Buriyev, Sh.R. Sharopova, N. Turayeva
Many farms in Uzbekistan, Ukraine, Kazakhstan and other republics arrange the production cultivation of chlorella and other microalgae in special installations and the use of suspensions as a protein-vitamin additive in the ration of farm animals. The use of chlorella and other microalgae in the fattening of cattle, pigs and poultry allows for additional weight gain, the elimination of avitaminosis diseases and improvement of product quality.
乌兹别克斯坦、乌克兰、哈萨克斯坦和其他共和国的许多农场在特殊设施中安排小球藻和其他微藻的生产栽培,并在农场动物的饲料中使用悬浮液作为蛋白质-维生素添加剂。在牛、猪和家禽的增肥中使用小球藻和其他微藻可以增加额外的体重,消除维生素病和提高产品质量。
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引用次数: 0
Up-to-the-date practices of geodetic measurements for build-up area expansion: a case study from Uzbekistan 建设面积扩展的最新大地测量实践:乌兹别克斯坦的案例研究
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/e3sconf/202338903058
Ilhomjon Musaev, Kamolatkhon R. Khakimova, Mashkhurakhon Nuretdinova, Yunusali Ganiyev, Jakhongir Ibragimov
This paper seeks to contribute to continuing efforts to better understand and control the effects of urbanization on our environment and society by offering a thorough review of the most recent geodetic measuring techniques for build-up area growth. In this article, we give a case study from Uzbekistan that looks at current geodetic measuring techniques for expanding build-up areas. Uzbekistan is a fast urbanizing nation in Central Asia, and politicians and experts are both deeply concerned about the growth of the country's built-up regions. The case study, which offers a thorough investigation of the geodetic measuring methods and tools used to gauge and track the growth of the built environment, is focused on a particular metropolitan region in Uzbekistan. Therefore, this article gives a summary of current geodetic measurement methods, including remote sensing methods like LiDAR and satellite imaging as well as surveying methods like total station and GNSS. The case study also emphasizes some of the difficulties and restrictions related to these methods, such as the requirement for precise geodetic control points and the inadequacies of satellite imaging in regions with thick vegetation or cloud cover.
本文旨在通过全面回顾最近用于建设区域增长的大地测量技术,为更好地理解和控制城市化对环境和社会的影响做出贡献。在本文中,我们给出了一个来自乌兹别克斯坦的案例研究,该研究着眼于当前用于扩大建筑面积的大地测量技术。乌兹别克斯坦是中亚一个快速城市化的国家,政界人士和专家都对该国建成区的增长深感担忧。该案例研究对用于测量和跟踪建筑环境增长的大地测量方法和工具进行了彻底的调查,重点关注乌兹别克斯坦的一个特定大都市区。因此,本文对目前的大地测量方法进行了总结,包括LiDAR和卫星成像等遥感方法,以及全站仪和GNSS等测量方法。案例研究还强调了与这些方法有关的一些困难和限制,例如需要精确的大地测量控制点,以及在植被或云层较厚的地区卫星成像的不足。
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引用次数: 1
Dominance of tree species of pest insects in forest biocenosis 森林生物群落中有害昆虫的树种优势
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/e3sconf/202338903063
Aziza Rakhimova, Shamsi Esanbaev
This article studied to determine the damage to ornamental and fruit trees caused by Yponomeuta malinellus Zell., Laspeyresia pomonella L., Erschoviella musculana Ersch., Recarvаria nаnella Schif., Aporia crataeqi L., Сossus-cossus L. belonging to the Lepidoptera family in agricultural crops and forests. Sesia apiformis and Paranthrene tabanifonnis Rott. were also identified by occurrence and tree species in forest areas. In the course of research, in 2019-2020, research was carried out on the study of the pest Synanthedon myopaeformis from the pests of Tashkent and Andijan forest farms. According to the results, in 2019, in Bostonliq, Qibray, Ghazalkent districts of Tashkent province of Uzbekistan, the level of pest occurrence in wild apple trees was 16%, and in 2020, this indicator reached 19%, and in the forest biocenosis of Andijan province, the occurrence of apple borer was 21% in 2019, in the observations of 2020 and it was determined that it reached 23%.
本文研究了黄斑病(Yponomeuta malinellus Zell)对观赏树和果树的危害。, pomonella lasperesia L.;, recarvria nnella Schif。, Aporia crataeqi L., Сossus-cossus L.属鳞翅目科,分布于农作物和森林中。山参与山参。也可根据发生情况和林区树种进行鉴定。在研究过程中,2019-2020年,对塔什干和安集延林场害虫中有害生物的研究进行了研究。结果表明,2019年乌兹别克斯坦塔什干省Bostonliq、Qibray、Ghazalkent地区的野生苹果树害虫发生水平为16%,2020年该指标达到19%,安集延省森林生物群落中,2019年苹果蛀虫发生水平为21%,2020年观测确定为23%。
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引用次数: 0
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