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Prospects for the training development of qualified personnel in the agricultural education system: a case study from Tashkent State Agrarian University, Uzbekistan 农业教育系统中合格人员的培训发展前景:乌兹别克斯坦塔什干国立农业大学的案例研究
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/e3sconf/202338903037
A. Toshboev, Zohid Ziddikov, N. Boltaev
Development, implementation, and achievement of the desired results of Uzbekistan's stable progress and development of reforms are directly related to the professional personnel who organize these processes and their knowledge of innovative management. Because the correct determination of the directions of the reforms and the results to be achieved requires such qualities as high knowledge, potential, and professional skills from the specialist personnel. In addition, it is important to properly organize personnel management in every enterprise and organization in every field, direction, and place the most qualified personnel with the necessary knowledge and potential in every job. An important aspect of econometric analysis is that it is an analysis based on the assessment of the effects of factors that have an indirect, but not direct, effect on the change in the outcome variable. That is, in our analysis, if we define the indicator of employment of graduates as a result, the factors that indirectly influence its change are the scientific potential of teachers, the degree to which the institution where the graduate is trained is compatible with practice, the level of scientific research in the educational institution, education in harmony with international experiences. Factors such as have an indirect effect. In this article, medium-term forecast indicators of the level of employment of graduates in the training of agricultural educational institutions in the period of 2022-2027 have been developed. Also, the main directions of introduction of market mechanisms in effective management of agrarian education system are highlighted in the article.
乌兹别克斯坦改革的稳定进展和发展所取得的预期成果的制定、实施和实现与组织这些过程的专业人员及其创新管理知识直接相关。因为正确确定改革的方向和要取得的成果,需要专业人员具备高知识、高潜力和专业技能等素质。此外,要把每个企业、每个组织、每个领域、每个方向的人员管理做好,把最具备必要知识和潜力的人才安排在每一项工作岗位上。计量经济学分析的一个重要方面是,它是一种基于评估对结果变量的变化有间接而不是直接影响的因素的影响的分析。也就是说,在我们的分析中,如果我们将毕业生就业指标定义为结果,那么间接影响其变化的因素是教师的科学潜力、培养毕业生的机构与实际相适应的程度、教育机构的科学研究水平、教育与国际经验的和谐程度。诸如此类的因素有间接影响。本文编制了2022-2027年农业教育院校培养毕业生就业水平的中期预测指标。文章还指出了引入市场机制有效管理农业教育体制的主要方向。
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引用次数: 0
Quantitative analysis of soil living organisms and important aspects of vermicompost cultivation 土壤生物定量分析及蚯蚓堆肥栽培的重要方面
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/e3sconf/202338903010
H.M. Toshov, F.I. Asadova, M.A. Namozova
This article provides information on microorganisms, plants and California red worms used in the production of biohumus, which are the main organic components of some cultivated soils in the Bukhara oasis. Also, the services of plants, animals and microorganisms, which are living organisms living in the soil, in increasing soil fertility are described, the importance of plants that provide life factors for each biocenosis in the normal growth and development is revealed.
本文介绍了布哈拉绿洲部分耕地土壤的主要有机成分——生物腐殖质的微生物、植物和加州红虫。同时,介绍了植物、动物和微生物等生活在土壤中的生物在提高土壤肥力方面的作用,揭示了植物在土壤正常生长发育过程中为各种生物群落提供生命因子的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Cultıvatıon of protococcales on wastewater 废水上原球菌的Cultıvatıon
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/e3sconf/202338903011
S. Buriyev, Sh.R. Sharopova, N. Turayeva
Many farms in Uzbekistan, Ukraine, Kazakhstan and other republics arrange the production cultivation of chlorella and other microalgae in special installations and the use of suspensions as a protein-vitamin additive in the ration of farm animals. The use of chlorella and other microalgae in the fattening of cattle, pigs and poultry allows for additional weight gain, the elimination of avitaminosis diseases and improvement of product quality.
乌兹别克斯坦、乌克兰、哈萨克斯坦和其他共和国的许多农场在特殊设施中安排小球藻和其他微藻的生产栽培,并在农场动物的饲料中使用悬浮液作为蛋白质-维生素添加剂。在牛、猪和家禽的增肥中使用小球藻和其他微藻可以增加额外的体重,消除维生素病和提高产品质量。
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引用次数: 0
Up-to-the-date practices of geodetic measurements for build-up area expansion: a case study from Uzbekistan 建设面积扩展的最新大地测量实践:乌兹别克斯坦的案例研究
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/e3sconf/202338903058
Ilhomjon Musaev, Kamolatkhon R. Khakimova, Mashkhurakhon Nuretdinova, Yunusali Ganiyev, Jakhongir Ibragimov
This paper seeks to contribute to continuing efforts to better understand and control the effects of urbanization on our environment and society by offering a thorough review of the most recent geodetic measuring techniques for build-up area growth. In this article, we give a case study from Uzbekistan that looks at current geodetic measuring techniques for expanding build-up areas. Uzbekistan is a fast urbanizing nation in Central Asia, and politicians and experts are both deeply concerned about the growth of the country's built-up regions. The case study, which offers a thorough investigation of the geodetic measuring methods and tools used to gauge and track the growth of the built environment, is focused on a particular metropolitan region in Uzbekistan. Therefore, this article gives a summary of current geodetic measurement methods, including remote sensing methods like LiDAR and satellite imaging as well as surveying methods like total station and GNSS. The case study also emphasizes some of the difficulties and restrictions related to these methods, such as the requirement for precise geodetic control points and the inadequacies of satellite imaging in regions with thick vegetation or cloud cover.
本文旨在通过全面回顾最近用于建设区域增长的大地测量技术,为更好地理解和控制城市化对环境和社会的影响做出贡献。在本文中,我们给出了一个来自乌兹别克斯坦的案例研究,该研究着眼于当前用于扩大建筑面积的大地测量技术。乌兹别克斯坦是中亚一个快速城市化的国家,政界人士和专家都对该国建成区的增长深感担忧。该案例研究对用于测量和跟踪建筑环境增长的大地测量方法和工具进行了彻底的调查,重点关注乌兹别克斯坦的一个特定大都市区。因此,本文对目前的大地测量方法进行了总结,包括LiDAR和卫星成像等遥感方法,以及全站仪和GNSS等测量方法。案例研究还强调了与这些方法有关的一些困难和限制,例如需要精确的大地测量控制点,以及在植被或云层较厚的地区卫星成像的不足。
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引用次数: 1
Dominance of tree species of pest insects in forest biocenosis 森林生物群落中有害昆虫的树种优势
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/e3sconf/202338903063
Aziza Rakhimova, Shamsi Esanbaev
This article studied to determine the damage to ornamental and fruit trees caused by Yponomeuta malinellus Zell., Laspeyresia pomonella L., Erschoviella musculana Ersch., Recarvаria nаnella Schif., Aporia crataeqi L., Сossus-cossus L. belonging to the Lepidoptera family in agricultural crops and forests. Sesia apiformis and Paranthrene tabanifonnis Rott. were also identified by occurrence and tree species in forest areas. In the course of research, in 2019-2020, research was carried out on the study of the pest Synanthedon myopaeformis from the pests of Tashkent and Andijan forest farms. According to the results, in 2019, in Bostonliq, Qibray, Ghazalkent districts of Tashkent province of Uzbekistan, the level of pest occurrence in wild apple trees was 16%, and in 2020, this indicator reached 19%, and in the forest biocenosis of Andijan province, the occurrence of apple borer was 21% in 2019, in the observations of 2020 and it was determined that it reached 23%.
本文研究了黄斑病(Yponomeuta malinellus Zell)对观赏树和果树的危害。, pomonella lasperesia L.;, recarvria nnella Schif。, Aporia crataeqi L., Сossus-cossus L.属鳞翅目科,分布于农作物和森林中。山参与山参。也可根据发生情况和林区树种进行鉴定。在研究过程中,2019-2020年,对塔什干和安集延林场害虫中有害生物的研究进行了研究。结果表明,2019年乌兹别克斯坦塔什干省Bostonliq、Qibray、Ghazalkent地区的野生苹果树害虫发生水平为16%,2020年该指标达到19%,安集延省森林生物群落中,2019年苹果蛀虫发生水平为21%,2020年观测确定为23%。
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引用次数: 0
Bioecology, landscape use, and breeding technology of ephalotaxus drupacea sieb. Et zucc. 黄杨的生物生态学、景观利用与育种技术。调查。
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/e3sconf/202338903077
Dostonbek Kobuljanov, Zilnura Karimova
According to the UN Convention on Biological Diversity, 34,000 plant species are in danger of going extinct. Environmental issues including climate change provide difficulties for landscaping, plant selection, and environment aesthetics. In addition to employing landscape trees, adding lovely blooming shrubs may improve the landscaping's aesthetic value. In this article Cephalotaxus drupacea Sieb. et Zucc. The bioecology, decorativeness and breeding technology of Danakbosh zarnab are discussed, as well as practical experiences. The results of studying the morphobiological characteristics of Cephalotaxus drupacea seeds are presented. It has been shown that the size, shape, and texture of the seeds serve as a diagnostic feature. These features of Cephalotaxus drupacea indicate a high level of adaptation to environmental factors. It is an evergreen ornamental shrub, 10-15 m tall, belonging to the Cephalotaxaceae family. Homeland - Central China, Korea, East India, Japan. Shade-loving, cold-resistant. According to AL Takhtadjian, Cephalotaxaceae family, Cephalotaxus genus consists of 6 species, which were widespread in the Northern Hemisphere in ancient geological times. Currently, this species is distributed only in Asia, namely: East India, Central and South China, Taiwan Islands, Korea and Japan.
根据联合国生物多样性公约,34000种植物物种面临灭绝的危险。包括气候变化在内的环境问题为景观美化、植物选择和环境美学提供了困难。除了使用景观树,添加可爱的盛开的灌木可以提高景观的审美价值。本文介绍了猪头杉(cephalalotaxus drupacea Sieb)。调查。论述了水蚤的生物生态学、观赏性和育种技术,并总结了实践经验。本文介绍了头豆杉种子形态生物学特性的研究结果。已经证明,种子的大小、形状和质地可以作为诊断特征。这些特征表明了其对环境因子的高度适应。它是一种常绿观赏灌木,10-15米高,属于头杉科。祖国:中国中部,韩国,东印度,日本。喜阴,耐寒。根据AL Takhtadjian的研究,头杉科头杉属共有6种,在古代地质时期广泛分布于北半球。目前本种仅分布于亚洲,即:东印度、中国中南部、台湾诸岛、韩国和日本。
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引用次数: 0
Influence of planting period on the growth, development and productivity indicators of durum wheat 播期对硬粒小麦生长发育及生产指标的影响
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/e3sconf/202338903048
J. Khudaykulov, B. Azizov, I. Israilov
It is known that two varieties of wheat are grown in Uzbekistan. Common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and durum wheat (Triticum durum L.) are cultivated in the main part of wheat fields. Durum wheat varieties included in the State Register in Uzbekistan are mainly spring and duvarak. Considering this feature and the high quality of the grain, the purchase price is 30-50% more expensive than that of common wheat, they fully meet the needs of the ever-growing macaroni-confectionery industry. Durum wheat grain is the main raw material used in the preparation of pasta and pasta products, as well as in the confectionery industry. In this case, high technological quality of durum wheat grain is required. In the next two years, the purchase price of durum and common wheat grain in the world increased significantly. Therefore, expansion of durum wheat cultivation areas in different soil and climate conditions, improvement of agrotechnology of care, obtaining high and quality grain harvest are urgent issues.
众所周知,乌兹别克斯坦种植的小麦有两种。普通小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)和硬粒小麦(Triticum durum L.)在麦田的主体部分种植。乌兹别克斯坦国家登记的硬粒小麦品种主要是春小麦和杜瓦拉克小麦。考虑到这一特点和谷物的高品质,收购价格比普通小麦贵30-50%,完全满足了日益增长的通心粉糖果行业的需求。硬粒小麦是制备面食和面食制品以及糖果工业的主要原料。在这种情况下,对硬粒小麦籽粒的高技术品质提出了要求。在接下来的两年里,世界上硬粒和普通小麦的收购价格大幅上涨。因此,在不同的土壤和气候条件下扩大硬粒小麦的种植面积,提高农业耕作技术,获得高质量的粮食收获是当务之急。
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引用次数: 0
Application of water-saving irrigation technologies of intensive apple orchards in the irrigated regions of Uzbekistan 集约化苹果园节水灌溉技术在乌兹别克斯坦灌区的应用
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/e3sconf/202338903052
S. Isaev, Maksudkhon Sarimsakov, Mukhayyokhon Sarimsakova, A. Turdaliev, Kh. Abdukhakimova, Mutabar Mirzaeva
In this article, the purpose of the research is to improve the method of irrigation of intensive apple orchards, determining the rate and duration of irrigation, determining seasonal water consumption, and calculating water rates. When intensive apple orchards are irrigated on the basis of water-saving technologies, it is observed that the trees use soil moisture, atmospheric precipitation, and the efficiency of using irrigation water. As a result, it has been proven that seasonal water consumption can be saved from 12% to 52% compared to furrowlab irrigation. In this case, it was noted that the use of transverse barrier furrows in the conditions of soils prone to irrigation erosion reduced soil particle leaching by 31-51%, irrigation water by 17-25% and increased productivity by 22-28%. Also, it was observed that the fruit quality improved, the weight of one apple increased by 36 g, and the yield increased by 7.3 tons/ha. Intensive orchards irrigated with 75-80-70% relative humidity relative to LFMC have been reported to have 30-65% higher yields than controls.
本文的研究目的是改进集约化苹果园的灌溉方法,确定灌溉次数和灌溉时间,确定季节耗水量,计算水量。采用节水技术对集约化苹果园进行灌溉时,观察到果树对土壤水分、大气降水的利用,以及对灌溉水的利用效率。结果证明,与沟灌相比,季节用水量可节省12%至52%。在这种情况下,在容易发生灌溉侵蚀的土壤条件下,使用横向屏障沟可使土壤颗粒淋滤减少31-51%,灌溉水减少17-25%,生产力提高22-28%。果实品质得到改善,单株重量增加36克,产量增加7.3吨/公顷。据报道,以相对于LFMC的75-80-70%的相对湿度灌溉的集约果园的产量比对照高30-65%。
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引用次数: 0
Ways to restore the fertility of Mirzachul soils 恢复神奇土壤肥力的方法
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/e3sconf/202338903084
M. Umarov, Bekzod Inomov
The soil is a vital and valuable public resource that forms the foundation of a country's prosperity and supports its productivity. Its importance primarily derives from its essential role in agriculture, which is a key factor in a nation's economic growth and stability. In order to assess the effectiveness of corn as a protective crop in increasing resistance to soil erosion, a field experiment was conducted involving four treatment options for cotton crops. The first option served as a control, using the typical fertilizer rates found in local farming practices (N250 P150 K80), and growing cotton without any additional measures. The results depicted that Corn strips that were 20-25 meters wide were effective in shielding cotton crops from wind. The width of the cotton crop, however, varied from 130-135 meters, contingent upon the mechanical composition of the soil. Our observations suggested that the bulk of wind-borne dust (also known as “dust”) traveled at a height of 0-50 cm, which could enter the cotton plants and harm them.
土壤是一种重要而宝贵的公共资源,它构成了一个国家繁荣的基础,并支持其生产力。它的重要性主要来自于它在农业中的重要作用,而农业是一个国家经济增长和稳定的关键因素。为了评价玉米作为保护性作物在提高土壤侵蚀抗性方面的有效性,对棉花作物进行了四种处理方案的田间试验。第一种选择作为对照,使用当地农业实践中发现的典型肥料比率(N250 P150 K80),种植棉花时不采取任何额外措施。结果表明,20 ~ 25米宽的玉米条对棉花的防风效果较好。然而,棉花作物的宽度从130米到135米不等,这取决于土壤的机械成分。我们的观测结果表明,大部分风尘(也称为“尘埃”)在0-50 cm的高度传播,可以进入棉花植株并对其造成伤害。
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引用次数: 0
Green bonds’ social license: Singapore case 绿色债券的社会许可:新加坡案例
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/e3sconf/202338904003
Kseniia Onufrienko
Green bonds are a viable tool for upturning the established energy producing principles from upside down, based upon the efforts applied from bottom-up rather than the traditional regulatory approach. The intention of this paper is to evaluate the validity and the efficiency of this mechanism in order to compose a scenario of its most probable future sophistication. The outcome seems to be quite promising, regardless of some downfalls on the way, however, the specifications of inflexible fossil fuel-based economies may not allow this mechanism into play that easily. One of the possible solutions in that case could be suggested by the progressive Singaporean framework, supporting green bonds’ advances comprehensively by incentivizing their presence in a hybrid manner both on legislative level and socially. The efficacy of such approach could be proven by time only in the long run, yet the current developments suggest for it to be one of the best practices worthy of reception not only by the energy recipients, but also by the energy producers with customized modifications along the way.
绿色债券是一种可行的工具,它基于自下而上的努力,而不是传统的监管方法,将既定的能源生产原则颠倒过来。本文的目的是评估该机制的有效性和效率,以便构建其最可能的未来复杂性的场景。结果似乎是相当有希望的,尽管在此过程中会有一些挫折,然而,僵化的化石燃料经济的规范可能不允许这种机制那么容易发挥作用。在这种情况下,一个可能的解决方案可以由进步的新加坡框架提出,通过在立法层面和社会层面以混合方式激励绿色债券的存在,全面支持绿色债券的发展。这种方法的有效性只有在长期内才能得到时间的证明,但目前的发展表明,它不仅是值得接受的最佳做法之一,而且值得能源生产国在此过程中进行定制修改。
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引用次数: 0
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