{"title":"Aqueous Ion Battery Systems Using Sodium Vanadium Phosphate Stabilized by Titanium Substitution","authors":"C. Mason, Felix Lange","doi":"10.1149/2.0011508EEL","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0011508EEL","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11470,"journal":{"name":"ECS Electrochemistry Letters","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1149/2.0011508EEL","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64303600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Barreto, K. C. Araújo, D. M. Araújo, C. Martínez-Huitle
{"title":"Effect of sp3/sp2 Ratio on Boron Doped Diamond Films for Producing Persulfate","authors":"J. Barreto, K. C. Araújo, D. M. Araújo, C. Martínez-Huitle","doi":"10.1149/2.0061512EEL","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0061512EEL","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11470,"journal":{"name":"ECS Electrochemistry Letters","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1149/2.0061512EEL","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64324213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Four novel organosilicon-based iodides, trimethylsilylmethoxy ethoxytrimethylammonium iodide (TMSC1EN1I), (2-trimethylsilylmethoxy) ethoxytrimethylammonium iodide (TMSC1EN1I), (2-(2-(2-trimethylsilylmethoxy)ethoxy)ethoxy) ethoxytrimethylammonium iodide (TMSC1EN3I) and trimethylsilylmethy diethylmethylammonium iodide (TMSPCI), were designed and synthesized. H-1 NMR and C-13 NMR spectra were recorded to confirm the synthesis of pure products. The organosilicon-based ionic liquids were investigated as the sole iodide sources for electrolytes in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The best solar cell efficiency of 3.70% was achieved with TMSC1EN1I (bearing one ethylene oxide segment between silicon and ammonium cation) as the sole iodide source in MPN-based electrolyte at AM 1.5 full sunlight (100 mW/cm(2)). (C) 2015 The Electrochemical Society. All rights
{"title":"Organosilicon-Based Ionic Liquids with Iodide Anions as Iodide Sources for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells","authors":"Xiaodan Yan, Hao Luo, Jinglun Wang, Jianwen Yang, Lingzhi Zhang","doi":"10.1149/2.0071510EEL","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0071510EEL","url":null,"abstract":"Four novel organosilicon-based iodides, trimethylsilylmethoxy ethoxytrimethylammonium iodide (TMSC1EN1I), (2-trimethylsilylmethoxy) ethoxytrimethylammonium iodide (TMSC1EN1I), (2-(2-(2-trimethylsilylmethoxy)ethoxy)ethoxy) ethoxytrimethylammonium iodide (TMSC1EN3I) and trimethylsilylmethy diethylmethylammonium iodide (TMSPCI), were designed and synthesized. H-1 NMR and C-13 NMR spectra were recorded to confirm the synthesis of pure products. The organosilicon-based ionic liquids were investigated as the sole iodide sources for electrolytes in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The best solar cell efficiency of 3.70% was achieved with TMSC1EN1I (bearing one ethylene oxide segment between silicon and ammonium cation) as the sole iodide source in MPN-based electrolyte at AM 1.5 full sunlight (100 mW/cm(2)). (C) 2015 The Electrochemical Society. All rights","PeriodicalId":11470,"journal":{"name":"ECS Electrochemistry Letters","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1149/2.0071510EEL","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64328837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Birbilis, T. Cain, J. Laird, X. Xia, J. Scully, A. Hughes
With significant increases in the production and utility of magnesium (Mg) in the past decade, Mg-alloys remain an attractive material for weight reduction in several industries, 1 in addition to substantial exploration as electrode materials in primary and secondary batteries. 2‐3 In such cases, the unambiguous determination of factors that play a role in corrosion/electrochemistry of Mg are of critical importance. The influence of impurities on the corrosion of Mg has been well documented since the early 20 th century, 4 with tolerance limits for a number of elements in Mg proposed. 5 In particular, the influence of deliberate alloying additions of low levels of transition metals (iron, manganeseandzirconium)oncorrosionofMghavebeendocumented by systematic studies. 6 Furthermore, the comparison of the electrochemistry of pure Mg specimens with low (at commercial levels of ∼40 ppmw) and ultra low levels (≤ 1 ppmw) of Fe were also recently presented. 7 Such studies add to the evidence that impurity elements, nominally of low solubility, 8‐10 influence the corrosion electrochemistry of Mg. In spite of this, at least two key aspects with respect to the in-service performance of Mg remain under researched. The first of these includes the detection and analysis of impurity elements on the Mg surface, and the study of possible enrichment of impurity elements on Mg during dissolution; both aspects are worthy of elaboration. Regarding the analysis of impurity elements on Mg surfaces, this is a particularly challenging task for the common methods nominally used in corrosion related works. Nominally, impurity concentrations are in the parts per million range. For example, commercial purity Mg will nominally contain < 100 ppmw Fe, which is below < 0.01% on the basis of weight %, and even lower on the basis of atom %. The analysis of such low levels of Fe with accuracy is not readily possible by methods such as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy or Auger electron spectroscopy, which require concentrations approaching 1% (which is ∼100 times larger than the typical Fe impurity content) for accurate detection. Similarly, the signal to noise ratio, and large interaction volume, from energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy are also prohibitive. In fact, even imaging of, and evidence of, impurity Fe (which is known to be present from ICP analysis of chemically dissolved metals) using Field Emission Gun-Scanning Electron Microscopy (FEG-SEM) is elusive. Site-specific Transmission Elec
{"title":"Nuclear Microprobe Analysis for Determination of Element Enrichment Following Magnesium Dissolution","authors":"N. Birbilis, T. Cain, J. Laird, X. Xia, J. Scully, A. Hughes","doi":"10.1149/2.0081510EEL","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0081510EEL","url":null,"abstract":"With significant increases in the production and utility of magnesium (Mg) in the past decade, Mg-alloys remain an attractive material for weight reduction in several industries, 1 in addition to substantial exploration as electrode materials in primary and secondary batteries. 2‐3 In such cases, the unambiguous determination of factors that play a role in corrosion/electrochemistry of Mg are of critical importance. The influence of impurities on the corrosion of Mg has been well documented since the early 20 th century, 4 with tolerance limits for a number of elements in Mg proposed. 5 In particular, the influence of deliberate alloying additions of low levels of transition metals (iron, manganeseandzirconium)oncorrosionofMghavebeendocumented by systematic studies. 6 Furthermore, the comparison of the electrochemistry of pure Mg specimens with low (at commercial levels of ∼40 ppmw) and ultra low levels (≤ 1 ppmw) of Fe were also recently presented. 7 Such studies add to the evidence that impurity elements, nominally of low solubility, 8‐10 influence the corrosion electrochemistry of Mg. In spite of this, at least two key aspects with respect to the in-service performance of Mg remain under researched. The first of these includes the detection and analysis of impurity elements on the Mg surface, and the study of possible enrichment of impurity elements on Mg during dissolution; both aspects are worthy of elaboration. Regarding the analysis of impurity elements on Mg surfaces, this is a particularly challenging task for the common methods nominally used in corrosion related works. Nominally, impurity concentrations are in the parts per million range. For example, commercial purity Mg will nominally contain < 100 ppmw Fe, which is below < 0.01% on the basis of weight %, and even lower on the basis of atom %. The analysis of such low levels of Fe with accuracy is not readily possible by methods such as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy or Auger electron spectroscopy, which require concentrations approaching 1% (which is ∼100 times larger than the typical Fe impurity content) for accurate detection. Similarly, the signal to noise ratio, and large interaction volume, from energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy are also prohibitive. In fact, even imaging of, and evidence of, impurity Fe (which is known to be present from ICP analysis of chemically dissolved metals) using Field Emission Gun-Scanning Electron Microscopy (FEG-SEM) is elusive. Site-specific Transmission Elec","PeriodicalId":11470,"journal":{"name":"ECS Electrochemistry Letters","volume":"4 1","pages":"34-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1149/2.0081510EEL","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64332653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Euan McTurk, C. Birkl, M. Roberts, D. Howey, P. Bruce
The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of EPSRC UK and Jaguar Land Rover Ltd for this work.
作者感谢英国EPSRC和捷豹路虎有限公司对这项工作的财政支持。
{"title":"Minimally Invasive Insertion of Reference Electrodes into Commercial Lithium-Ion Pouch Cells","authors":"Euan McTurk, C. Birkl, M. Roberts, D. Howey, P. Bruce","doi":"10.1149/2.0081512EEL","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0081512EEL","url":null,"abstract":"The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of EPSRC UK and Jaguar Land Rover Ltd for this work.","PeriodicalId":11470,"journal":{"name":"ECS Electrochemistry Letters","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1149/2.0081512EEL","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64333150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vineet Malav, M. Jangid, Indranil Hait, A. Mukhopadhyay
{"title":"In Situ Monitoring of Stress Developments and Mechanical Integrity during Galvanostatic Cycling of LiCoO2 Thin Films","authors":"Vineet Malav, M. Jangid, Indranil Hait, A. Mukhopadhyay","doi":"10.1149/2.0101512EEL","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0101512EEL","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11470,"journal":{"name":"ECS Electrochemistry Letters","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1149/2.0101512EEL","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64340726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Experimental data is presented from crush testing of 1S4P battery modules that quantifies the fault currents experienced by each cell after the onset of an internal short circuit. Combined with voltage and temperature measurements, the newly proposed method for measuring fault currents provides a more complete picture of the module failure during abusive crush. Short circuit resistance trends versus time are calculated from the current measurements, indicating approximately 20 milliohms resistance values prior to thermal runaway and resistive heat generation on the order of hundreds of watts. Language: en
{"title":"Fault Current Measurements during Crush Testing of Electrically Parallel Lithium-Ion Battery Modules","authors":"James Marcicki, X. Yang, Phil Rairigh","doi":"10.1149/2.0011509EEL","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0011509EEL","url":null,"abstract":"Experimental data is presented from crush testing of 1S4P battery modules that quantifies the fault currents experienced by each cell after the onset of an internal short circuit. Combined with voltage and temperature measurements, the newly proposed method for measuring fault currents provides a more complete picture of the module failure during abusive crush. Short circuit resistance trends versus time are calculated from the current measurements, indicating approximately 20 milliohms resistance values prior to thermal runaway and resistive heat generation on the order of hundreds of watts. Language: en","PeriodicalId":11470,"journal":{"name":"ECS Electrochemistry Letters","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1149/2.0011509EEL","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64303718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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