{"title":"Aqueous Ion Battery Systems Using Sodium Vanadium Phosphate Stabilized by Titanium Substitution","authors":"C. Mason, Felix Lange","doi":"10.1149/2.0011508EEL","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0011508EEL","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11470,"journal":{"name":"ECS Electrochemistry Letters","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1149/2.0011508EEL","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64303600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vineet Malav, M. Jangid, Indranil Hait, A. Mukhopadhyay
{"title":"In Situ Monitoring of Stress Developments and Mechanical Integrity during Galvanostatic Cycling of LiCoO2 Thin Films","authors":"Vineet Malav, M. Jangid, Indranil Hait, A. Mukhopadhyay","doi":"10.1149/2.0101512EEL","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0101512EEL","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11470,"journal":{"name":"ECS Electrochemistry Letters","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1149/2.0101512EEL","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64340726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Birbilis, T. Cain, J. Laird, X. Xia, J. Scully, A. Hughes
With significant increases in the production and utility of magnesium (Mg) in the past decade, Mg-alloys remain an attractive material for weight reduction in several industries, 1 in addition to substantial exploration as electrode materials in primary and secondary batteries. 2‐3 In such cases, the unambiguous determination of factors that play a role in corrosion/electrochemistry of Mg are of critical importance. The influence of impurities on the corrosion of Mg has been well documented since the early 20 th century, 4 with tolerance limits for a number of elements in Mg proposed. 5 In particular, the influence of deliberate alloying additions of low levels of transition metals (iron, manganeseandzirconium)oncorrosionofMghavebeendocumented by systematic studies. 6 Furthermore, the comparison of the electrochemistry of pure Mg specimens with low (at commercial levels of ∼40 ppmw) and ultra low levels (≤ 1 ppmw) of Fe were also recently presented. 7 Such studies add to the evidence that impurity elements, nominally of low solubility, 8‐10 influence the corrosion electrochemistry of Mg. In spite of this, at least two key aspects with respect to the in-service performance of Mg remain under researched. The first of these includes the detection and analysis of impurity elements on the Mg surface, and the study of possible enrichment of impurity elements on Mg during dissolution; both aspects are worthy of elaboration. Regarding the analysis of impurity elements on Mg surfaces, this is a particularly challenging task for the common methods nominally used in corrosion related works. Nominally, impurity concentrations are in the parts per million range. For example, commercial purity Mg will nominally contain < 100 ppmw Fe, which is below < 0.01% on the basis of weight %, and even lower on the basis of atom %. The analysis of such low levels of Fe with accuracy is not readily possible by methods such as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy or Auger electron spectroscopy, which require concentrations approaching 1% (which is ∼100 times larger than the typical Fe impurity content) for accurate detection. Similarly, the signal to noise ratio, and large interaction volume, from energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy are also prohibitive. In fact, even imaging of, and evidence of, impurity Fe (which is known to be present from ICP analysis of chemically dissolved metals) using Field Emission Gun-Scanning Electron Microscopy (FEG-SEM) is elusive. Site-specific Transmission Elec
{"title":"Nuclear Microprobe Analysis for Determination of Element Enrichment Following Magnesium Dissolution","authors":"N. Birbilis, T. Cain, J. Laird, X. Xia, J. Scully, A. Hughes","doi":"10.1149/2.0081510EEL","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0081510EEL","url":null,"abstract":"With significant increases in the production and utility of magnesium (Mg) in the past decade, Mg-alloys remain an attractive material for weight reduction in several industries, 1 in addition to substantial exploration as electrode materials in primary and secondary batteries. 2‐3 In such cases, the unambiguous determination of factors that play a role in corrosion/electrochemistry of Mg are of critical importance. The influence of impurities on the corrosion of Mg has been well documented since the early 20 th century, 4 with tolerance limits for a number of elements in Mg proposed. 5 In particular, the influence of deliberate alloying additions of low levels of transition metals (iron, manganeseandzirconium)oncorrosionofMghavebeendocumented by systematic studies. 6 Furthermore, the comparison of the electrochemistry of pure Mg specimens with low (at commercial levels of ∼40 ppmw) and ultra low levels (≤ 1 ppmw) of Fe were also recently presented. 7 Such studies add to the evidence that impurity elements, nominally of low solubility, 8‐10 influence the corrosion electrochemistry of Mg. In spite of this, at least two key aspects with respect to the in-service performance of Mg remain under researched. The first of these includes the detection and analysis of impurity elements on the Mg surface, and the study of possible enrichment of impurity elements on Mg during dissolution; both aspects are worthy of elaboration. Regarding the analysis of impurity elements on Mg surfaces, this is a particularly challenging task for the common methods nominally used in corrosion related works. Nominally, impurity concentrations are in the parts per million range. For example, commercial purity Mg will nominally contain < 100 ppmw Fe, which is below < 0.01% on the basis of weight %, and even lower on the basis of atom %. The analysis of such low levels of Fe with accuracy is not readily possible by methods such as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy or Auger electron spectroscopy, which require concentrations approaching 1% (which is ∼100 times larger than the typical Fe impurity content) for accurate detection. Similarly, the signal to noise ratio, and large interaction volume, from energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy are also prohibitive. In fact, even imaging of, and evidence of, impurity Fe (which is known to be present from ICP analysis of chemically dissolved metals) using Field Emission Gun-Scanning Electron Microscopy (FEG-SEM) is elusive. Site-specific Transmission Elec","PeriodicalId":11470,"journal":{"name":"ECS Electrochemistry Letters","volume":"4 1","pages":"34-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1149/2.0081510EEL","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64332653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Barreto, K. C. Araújo, D. M. Araújo, C. Martínez-Huitle
{"title":"Effect of sp3/sp2 Ratio on Boron Doped Diamond Films for Producing Persulfate","authors":"J. Barreto, K. C. Araújo, D. M. Araújo, C. Martínez-Huitle","doi":"10.1149/2.0061512EEL","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0061512EEL","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11470,"journal":{"name":"ECS Electrochemistry Letters","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1149/2.0061512EEL","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64324213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Four novel organosilicon-based iodides, trimethylsilylmethoxy ethoxytrimethylammonium iodide (TMSC1EN1I), (2-trimethylsilylmethoxy) ethoxytrimethylammonium iodide (TMSC1EN1I), (2-(2-(2-trimethylsilylmethoxy)ethoxy)ethoxy) ethoxytrimethylammonium iodide (TMSC1EN3I) and trimethylsilylmethy diethylmethylammonium iodide (TMSPCI), were designed and synthesized. H-1 NMR and C-13 NMR spectra were recorded to confirm the synthesis of pure products. The organosilicon-based ionic liquids were investigated as the sole iodide sources for electrolytes in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The best solar cell efficiency of 3.70% was achieved with TMSC1EN1I (bearing one ethylene oxide segment between silicon and ammonium cation) as the sole iodide source in MPN-based electrolyte at AM 1.5 full sunlight (100 mW/cm(2)). (C) 2015 The Electrochemical Society. All rights
{"title":"Organosilicon-Based Ionic Liquids with Iodide Anions as Iodide Sources for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells","authors":"Xiaodan Yan, Hao Luo, Jinglun Wang, Jianwen Yang, Lingzhi Zhang","doi":"10.1149/2.0071510EEL","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0071510EEL","url":null,"abstract":"Four novel organosilicon-based iodides, trimethylsilylmethoxy ethoxytrimethylammonium iodide (TMSC1EN1I), (2-trimethylsilylmethoxy) ethoxytrimethylammonium iodide (TMSC1EN1I), (2-(2-(2-trimethylsilylmethoxy)ethoxy)ethoxy) ethoxytrimethylammonium iodide (TMSC1EN3I) and trimethylsilylmethy diethylmethylammonium iodide (TMSPCI), were designed and synthesized. H-1 NMR and C-13 NMR spectra were recorded to confirm the synthesis of pure products. The organosilicon-based ionic liquids were investigated as the sole iodide sources for electrolytes in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The best solar cell efficiency of 3.70% was achieved with TMSC1EN1I (bearing one ethylene oxide segment between silicon and ammonium cation) as the sole iodide source in MPN-based electrolyte at AM 1.5 full sunlight (100 mW/cm(2)). (C) 2015 The Electrochemical Society. All rights","PeriodicalId":11470,"journal":{"name":"ECS Electrochemistry Letters","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1149/2.0071510EEL","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64328837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Euan McTurk, C. Birkl, M. Roberts, D. Howey, P. Bruce
The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of EPSRC UK and Jaguar Land Rover Ltd for this work.
作者感谢英国EPSRC和捷豹路虎有限公司对这项工作的财政支持。
{"title":"Minimally Invasive Insertion of Reference Electrodes into Commercial Lithium-Ion Pouch Cells","authors":"Euan McTurk, C. Birkl, M. Roberts, D. Howey, P. Bruce","doi":"10.1149/2.0081512EEL","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0081512EEL","url":null,"abstract":"The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of EPSRC UK and Jaguar Land Rover Ltd for this work.","PeriodicalId":11470,"journal":{"name":"ECS Electrochemistry Letters","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1149/2.0081512EEL","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64333150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jonathan Højberg, Kristian B. Knudsen, J. Hjelm, T. Vegge
Reactions and SEI Formation during Charging of Li-O2 Cells In this letter we combine detailed electrochemical impedance measurements with quantitative measurements of O2 evolution and Li2O2 oxidation to describe the charge mechanisms during charge of Li-O2 batteries with porous carbon electrodes. We identify Li2O2 oxidation at 3.05 V and an apparent chemical formation of a solid electrolyte interface (SEI) layer as the first monolayer of Li2O2 is oxidized, leading to a voltage increase. The first electrochemical degradation reaction is identified between 3.3 V and 3.5 V, and the chemical degradation is limited above 3.5 V, suggesting that a chemically stable SEI layer has been formed.
在这篇文章中，我们将详细的电化学阻抗测量与O2演化和Li2O2氧化的定量测量相结合，描述了多孔碳电极Li-O2电池充电过程中的充电机制。我们发现Li2O2在3.05 V时氧化，并且随着第一层Li2O2被氧化，导致电压升高，固体电解质界面(SEI)层的明显化学形成。在3.3 V ~ 3.5 V之间发生了第一次电化学降解反应，在3.5 V以上发生的化学降解受到限制，表明已经形成了化学稳定的SEI层。
{"title":"Reactions and SEI Formation during Charging of Li-O2 Cells","authors":"Jonathan Højberg, Kristian B. Knudsen, J. Hjelm, T. Vegge","doi":"10.1149/2.0051507EEL","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0051507EEL","url":null,"abstract":"Reactions and SEI Formation during Charging of Li-O2 Cells In this letter we combine detailed electrochemical impedance measurements with quantitative measurements of O2 evolution and Li2O2 oxidation to describe the charge mechanisms during charge of Li-O2 batteries with porous carbon electrodes. We identify Li2O2 oxidation at 3.05 V and an apparent chemical formation of a solid electrolyte interface (SEI) layer as the first monolayer of Li2O2 is oxidized, leading to a voltage increase. The first electrochemical degradation reaction is identified between 3.3 V and 3.5 V, and the chemical degradation is limited above 3.5 V, suggesting that a chemically stable SEI layer has been formed.","PeriodicalId":11470,"journal":{"name":"ECS Electrochemistry Letters","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1149/2.0051507EEL","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64320430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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