Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.31252/rpso.19.03.2022
Mónica Santos, A. Almeida, Catarina Lopes
Introduction/framework/objectives Falls to the same level are reasonably frequent and, if in some professional sectors there is a reasonable number of employees who have access to adequate footwear, in other contexts this does not happen. In addition, not all professionals working in the Occupational Health teams will be able to make recommendations to choose the model to be acquired. The aim of this review was to summarize the most recent and relevant publications on this topic, in order to try to alleviate this issue. Methodology This is a Bibliographic Review, initiated through a search carried out in August 2021 in the databases “CINALH plus with full text, Medline with full text, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Methodology Register, Nursing and Allied Health Collection: comprehensive, MedicLatina and RCAAP”. Contents Accidents are associated with a decrease in productivity, more indemnities for disability, an increase in the number of days lost from work, more pain/suffering for the employee at the time and, eventually, permanent disability in the future. Falling to the same level will depend on extrinsic or environmental factors (such as weather, light, obstacles, distractions, footwear, tasks per se and floor characteristics) and intrinsic or human factors (joint/muscular and reflex issues-postural stability and fatigue muscle/intense exercise). Discussion and Conclusions Although the selected articles did not produce a synthesis of information that would allow the topic to be approached with much confidence and robust evidence, were found data that could minimally guide the activity of professionals working with employers with this risk factor, namely: providing a adequate illuminance and temperature, eliminate or reduce obstacles, prepare a floor with grooves perpendicular to the main direction of displacement, attenuate or eliminate water or other contaminants, avoid or attenuate the maintained standing posture, as well as vigorous exercise immediately before/fatigue, control the displacement speed and develop joint and muscular strength of the employee. As for the characteristics of the shoe itself, these can be summarized in the existence of deep grooves in the sole, a non-elevated heel, a model that is above the ankle and the use of flexible, light materials with soles that cause adequate friction. It would be pertinent taht some professionals working in Occupational Health to better investigate the topic (differences between models/materials and areas of work/specific tasks; as well as comfort and adherence) and publish the conclusions obtained in journals in the area. Keywords: fall to the same level, non-slip footwear, occupational health and occupational medicine.
{"title":"Interação entre as caraterísticas do Calçado e o Risco de Queda ao mesmo nível","authors":"Mónica Santos, A. Almeida, Catarina Lopes","doi":"10.31252/rpso.19.03.2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31252/rpso.19.03.2022","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction/framework/objectives Falls to the same level are reasonably frequent and, if in some professional sectors there is a reasonable number of employees who have access to adequate footwear, in other contexts this does not happen. In addition, not all professionals working in the Occupational Health teams will be able to make recommendations to choose the model to be acquired. The aim of this review was to summarize the most recent and relevant publications on this topic, in order to try to alleviate this issue. Methodology This is a Bibliographic Review, initiated through a search carried out in August 2021 in the databases “CINALH plus with full text, Medline with full text, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Methodology Register, Nursing and Allied Health Collection: comprehensive, MedicLatina and RCAAP”. Contents Accidents are associated with a decrease in productivity, more indemnities for disability, an increase in the number of days lost from work, more pain/suffering for the employee at the time and, eventually, permanent disability in the future. Falling to the same level will depend on extrinsic or environmental factors (such as weather, light, obstacles, distractions, footwear, tasks per se and floor characteristics) and intrinsic or human factors (joint/muscular and reflex issues-postural stability and fatigue muscle/intense exercise). Discussion and Conclusions Although the selected articles did not produce a synthesis of information that would allow the topic to be approached with much confidence and robust evidence, were found data that could minimally guide the activity of professionals working with employers with this risk factor, namely: providing a adequate illuminance and temperature, eliminate or reduce obstacles, prepare a floor with grooves perpendicular to the main direction of displacement, attenuate or eliminate water or other contaminants, avoid or attenuate the maintained standing posture, as well as vigorous exercise immediately before/fatigue, control the displacement speed and develop joint and muscular strength of the employee. As for the characteristics of the shoe itself, these can be summarized in the existence of deep grooves in the sole, a non-elevated heel, a model that is above the ankle and the use of flexible, light materials with soles that cause adequate friction. It would be pertinent taht some professionals working in Occupational Health to better investigate the topic (differences between models/materials and areas of work/specific tasks; as well as comfort and adherence) and publish the conclusions obtained in journals in the area. Keywords: fall to the same level, non-slip footwear, occupational health and occupational medicine.","PeriodicalId":114994,"journal":{"name":"Revista Portuguesa de Saúde Ocupacional","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127559961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.31252/rpso.18.06.2022
Mónica Santos, A. Almeida, Catarina Lopes
Introduction/framework/objectives Sometimes there are news about numerous cases of suicide within the same employer, so it is left to consider what relationships may actually exist between Work and this event. A review was then carried out in order to summarize the most recent and relevant published internationally data, in order to provide the Occupational Health and Safety professionals with more knowledge to act. Methodology This is a Bibliographic Review, initiated through a search carried out in January 2022, in the databases “CINALH plus with full text, Medline with full text, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Methodology Register, Nursing and Allied Health Collection: comprehensive, MedicLatina and RCAAP”. Contents Suicide is a phenomenon that combines numerous variables, namely characteristics of society/community, work and the individual. The main reasons for Suicide are work and/or economic problems; the etiology is usually multifaceted, and labor issues should not usually be the only issue to consider. The new forms of work organization, with the pressure of increasingly demanding goals/results, sometimes accompanied by moral harassment, can cause suffering at work that, eventually, can lead to Suicide. However, the organization can be able to enhance the mental health of employees and reduce the number of events in this context. The rationalization of tasks generally enhances efficiency, but dehumanizes and social problems may arise; that is, there is more commitment to productivity (to satisfy consumption) and not so much to social issues. The restructuring of institutions can lead to an increase in the workload (pace, number of tasks, working hours, worse ergonomics), sometimes also associated with dismissals, temporary incapacity certificates and early retirements. Bulling/mobbing also alters mental health and increases the risk of Suicide twice, even up to five years later. Improving working conditions will reduce the risk of suicide in the working population. Discussion and Conclusions Suicide seems to be more prevalent (according to most of the studies consulted) in a given sex, personality characteristics, type of work organization and/or specific tasks. It would be relevant for national Occupational Health and Safety teams to be able to detect situations capable of generating a Suicide, before the first concrete case occurs; this would be easier to achieve if teams that have already dedicated some research to the area, deepened it and disseminated their data and conclusions in the form of a scientific article. Keywords: suicide, suicide attempt, work organization, occupational health, occupational medicine and safety at work.
{"title":"Trabalho e Suicídio","authors":"Mónica Santos, A. Almeida, Catarina Lopes","doi":"10.31252/rpso.18.06.2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31252/rpso.18.06.2022","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction/framework/objectives Sometimes there are news about numerous cases of suicide within the same employer, so it is left to consider what relationships may actually exist between Work and this event. A review was then carried out in order to summarize the most recent and relevant published internationally data, in order to provide the Occupational Health and Safety professionals with more knowledge to act. Methodology This is a Bibliographic Review, initiated through a search carried out in January 2022, in the databases “CINALH plus with full text, Medline with full text, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Methodology Register, Nursing and Allied Health Collection: comprehensive, MedicLatina and RCAAP”. Contents Suicide is a phenomenon that combines numerous variables, namely characteristics of society/community, work and the individual. The main reasons for Suicide are work and/or economic problems; the etiology is usually multifaceted, and labor issues should not usually be the only issue to consider. The new forms of work organization, with the pressure of increasingly demanding goals/results, sometimes accompanied by moral harassment, can cause suffering at work that, eventually, can lead to Suicide. However, the organization can be able to enhance the mental health of employees and reduce the number of events in this context. The rationalization of tasks generally enhances efficiency, but dehumanizes and social problems may arise; that is, there is more commitment to productivity (to satisfy consumption) and not so much to social issues. The restructuring of institutions can lead to an increase in the workload (pace, number of tasks, working hours, worse ergonomics), sometimes also associated with dismissals, temporary incapacity certificates and early retirements. Bulling/mobbing also alters mental health and increases the risk of Suicide twice, even up to five years later. Improving working conditions will reduce the risk of suicide in the working population. Discussion and Conclusions Suicide seems to be more prevalent (according to most of the studies consulted) in a given sex, personality characteristics, type of work organization and/or specific tasks. It would be relevant for national Occupational Health and Safety teams to be able to detect situations capable of generating a Suicide, before the first concrete case occurs; this would be easier to achieve if teams that have already dedicated some research to the area, deepened it and disseminated their data and conclusions in the form of a scientific article. Keywords: suicide, suicide attempt, work organization, occupational health, occupational medicine and safety at work.","PeriodicalId":114994,"journal":{"name":"Revista Portuguesa de Saúde Ocupacional","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132874511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.31252/rpso.15.01.2022
Sara Matos, Ana Duarte, Maria Almeida, Mário Miranda
Introduction Semilunar avascular osteonecrosis/Kienböck’s disease has been associated with endogenous (ulnar negative variant and univocal vascularization) and/or extrinsic risk factors, such as prolonged exposure to vibrations and mechanical forces causing microtrauma. Case report The authors report a Kienböck disease case likely related to occupational hazards’ exposition. 44-year-old automechanic previously submitted to right wrist surgery in 2006 to pain relieve. Eight years after, he reports progressive worsening, especially upon active movement with incapacity for work and extreme limitation of daily life activities. He was evaluated by an orthophysiatric team who diagnosed Kienböck disease grade 3B according to Lichtman’s classification by magnetic resonance. He underwent semilunar arthroplasty, with tunneling of the flexor carpi radialis, but had to be reintervened six months after, due to scafolunar instability, with open ligamentoplasty with a graft from the extensor carpi radialis longus. Excision of the prosthesis and proximal row of the carpus was performed, due to persistent symptoms with functional limitation. Pain improvement at rest was observed but the worker maintained significant pain upon mobilization. Wrist arthrodesis was proposed, but the patient refused. Currently, he maintains absolute permanent incapacity for his usual work, despite a slight functional improvement under physiotherapy. Occupational disease was reported. Discussion Kienböck disease has a multifactorial pathophysiology so, as anatomical factors are hardly changeable, it’s crucial to adopt a preventive policy addressing potentially modifiable environmental aspects, as mechanical vibrations and/or microtrauma. Conclusion A careful clinical assessment, paying particular attention to critical anatomical structures, and controlling the mechanical hazards involved, helps to prevent/minimize the occurrence of injuries that can lead to profound implications on functionality and work capacity. Wrist image screening on workers exposed to physical/mechanical hazards or who manifest suggestive Kienböck disease’s symptoms, could help to avoid delayed diagnosis. Finally, the authors emphasize the importance of educating workers about occupational risk factors, as well as availability of personal protective equipment and providing training for its use. KEYWORDS: Kienböck disease; semilunar osteonecrosis; professional disease; occupational hazards; vibration; microtrauma.
{"title":"Doença de Kienbock profissional- Relato de um Caso Clínico","authors":"Sara Matos, Ana Duarte, Maria Almeida, Mário Miranda","doi":"10.31252/rpso.15.01.2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31252/rpso.15.01.2022","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Semilunar avascular osteonecrosis/Kienböck’s disease has been associated with endogenous (ulnar negative variant and univocal vascularization) and/or extrinsic risk factors, such as prolonged exposure to vibrations and mechanical forces causing microtrauma. Case report The authors report a Kienböck disease case likely related to occupational hazards’ exposition. 44-year-old automechanic previously submitted to right wrist surgery in 2006 to pain relieve. Eight years after, he reports progressive worsening, especially upon active movement with incapacity for work and extreme limitation of daily life activities. He was evaluated by an orthophysiatric team who diagnosed Kienböck disease grade 3B according to Lichtman’s classification by magnetic resonance. He underwent semilunar arthroplasty, with tunneling of the flexor carpi radialis, but had to be reintervened six months after, due to scafolunar instability, with open ligamentoplasty with a graft from the extensor carpi radialis longus. Excision of the prosthesis and proximal row of the carpus was performed, due to persistent symptoms with functional limitation. Pain improvement at rest was observed but the worker maintained significant pain upon mobilization. Wrist arthrodesis was proposed, but the patient refused. Currently, he maintains absolute permanent incapacity for his usual work, despite a slight functional improvement under physiotherapy. Occupational disease was reported. Discussion Kienböck disease has a multifactorial pathophysiology so, as anatomical factors are hardly changeable, it’s crucial to adopt a preventive policy addressing potentially modifiable environmental aspects, as mechanical vibrations and/or microtrauma. Conclusion A careful clinical assessment, paying particular attention to critical anatomical structures, and controlling the mechanical hazards involved, helps to prevent/minimize the occurrence of injuries that can lead to profound implications on functionality and work capacity. Wrist image screening on workers exposed to physical/mechanical hazards or who manifest suggestive Kienböck disease’s symptoms, could help to avoid delayed diagnosis. Finally, the authors emphasize the importance of educating workers about occupational risk factors, as well as availability of personal protective equipment and providing training for its use. KEYWORDS: Kienböck disease; semilunar osteonecrosis; professional disease; occupational hazards; vibration; microtrauma.","PeriodicalId":114994,"journal":{"name":"Revista Portuguesa de Saúde Ocupacional","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123337841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.31252/rpso.05.02.2022
Marta Costa, Carlos Leite
Introduction Nasosinusal Adenocarcinomas are rare neoplasms that account for less than 5% of head and neck cancers. Occupational risk factors that have been linked to a higher incidence of Nasosinusal Adenocarcinomas include chronic exposure to wood dust and/or leather, nickel and chromium compounds, formaldehyde and other solvents, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Occupations with exposure to dense wood dust are particularly associated with the intestinal subtype of adenocarcinoma, the most frequent location of which occurs in the ethmoid sinus and upper nasal cavity. The report of this clinical case aims to raise awareness among health professionals for the surveillance and early diagnosis of these occupational cancers. Description of the Clinical Case The authors present the case of an 81-year-old man who worked for 56 years as a joiner in the furniture industry. In his occupational history he denied the use of Personal Protective Equipment, namely respiratory protection. In a surveillance consultation with his family physician, he reported epistaxis and occasional nasal obstruction of the right nostril with an evolution of about three months. During the evaluation, a neoformative lesion was diagnosed in the right nasal fossa and the patient was immediately referred to Otorhinolaryngology consultation. A biopsy of the lesion revealed “morphological aspects of intestinal adenocarcinoma”. After evaluation in group consultation, he was proposed for endoscopic sinus surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy. Discussion/Conclusion Occupational exposure to wood dust should lower the physician’s threshold of suspicion for symptoms suggestive of occupational cancer. The long latency period for the development of adenocarcinoma and the higher survival of people treated in the early stages of the disease make periodic medical surveillance in the early detection of nasal adenocarcinoma necessary. Keywords: Nasosinusal Adenocarcinoma, Wood Dust, Occupational Disease, Ocupational Medicine, General and Family Medicine.
{"title":"Adenocarcinoma Nasossinusal- a Relevância da História Ocupacional","authors":"Marta Costa, Carlos Leite","doi":"10.31252/rpso.05.02.2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31252/rpso.05.02.2022","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Nasosinusal Adenocarcinomas are rare neoplasms that account for less than 5% of head and neck cancers. Occupational risk factors that have been linked to a higher incidence of Nasosinusal Adenocarcinomas include chronic exposure to wood dust and/or leather, nickel and chromium compounds, formaldehyde and other solvents, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Occupations with exposure to dense wood dust are particularly associated with the intestinal subtype of adenocarcinoma, the most frequent location of which occurs in the ethmoid sinus and upper nasal cavity. The report of this clinical case aims to raise awareness among health professionals for the surveillance and early diagnosis of these occupational cancers. Description of the Clinical Case The authors present the case of an 81-year-old man who worked for 56 years as a joiner in the furniture industry. In his occupational history he denied the use of Personal Protective Equipment, namely respiratory protection. In a surveillance consultation with his family physician, he reported epistaxis and occasional nasal obstruction of the right nostril with an evolution of about three months. During the evaluation, a neoformative lesion was diagnosed in the right nasal fossa and the patient was immediately referred to Otorhinolaryngology consultation. A biopsy of the lesion revealed “morphological aspects of intestinal adenocarcinoma”. After evaluation in group consultation, he was proposed for endoscopic sinus surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy. Discussion/Conclusion Occupational exposure to wood dust should lower the physician’s threshold of suspicion for symptoms suggestive of occupational cancer. The long latency period for the development of adenocarcinoma and the higher survival of people treated in the early stages of the disease make periodic medical surveillance in the early detection of nasal adenocarcinoma necessary. Keywords: Nasosinusal Adenocarcinoma, Wood Dust, Occupational Disease, Ocupational Medicine, General and Family Medicine.","PeriodicalId":114994,"journal":{"name":"Revista Portuguesa de Saúde Ocupacional","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114185837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.31252/rpso.05.03.2022
Filipa Rocha
Introduction/framework/objectives It is not uncommon for Occupational Health teams to have a client in the road paving sector; however, literature for this area is sparse. The aim of this article is to summarize the most pertinent and recent articles published on the subject. Methodology This is a Bibliographic Review, initiated through a search carried out in August 2021 in the databases “CINALH plus with full text, Medline with full text, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Methodology Register, Nursing and Allied Health Collection: comprehensive, MedicLatina and RCAAP”. Contents The IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer) classified the asphalt used for paving roads as possibly carcinogenic to humans (group 2b), due to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. However, epidemiological studies do not show clear evidence of a higher incidence/prevalence of diseases of this type, although the risk may be different, depending on the route of entry (inhaled versus cutaneous) and the specific composition. There are also aliphatic hydrocarbons, cyclic alkanes and heterocyclic compounds. The association with different types of cancers is inconclusive but still stronger for lung versus skin. Some of these substances can cause chromosomal instability which, in turn, some argue that it can lead to cancer pathology. Discussion and Conclusions In the research carried out there was only data related to the chemical agents inserted in the asphalt; no references were found to other Occupational Risk/Risks Factors, such as other chemical agents, dust; noise, cut, vibrations associated with different machines; physical loads/efforts, forced/maintained postures, falling to the same level or at different levels, and eventual burial; ultraviolet radiation and thermal discomfort or trampling. As for the chemical risk, most authors consider that some substances included in the composition of the asphalt, especially under certain technical conditions (equipment, temperature, asphalt subtypes), may be carcinogenic to humans. However, even at this level, collective or individual protection measures are not mentioned, in order to provide concrete guidance for those who have clients in this sector. In the context of the former, it can be assumed that it would be pertinent to promote the rotation of tasks, to choose the types of asphalt considered less toxic (whenever possible) and the equipment that worked at lower temperatures, with less noise and vibrations; promote good maintenance of machines and purchase safer models; as well as organizing training and access to adequate Occupational Health services. In turn, at the level of Personal Protective Equipment, one could use mask/visor, hat/cap, uniform, glasses (for ultraviolet radiation and entry of foreign bodies), sun protection cream, ear protection, gloves (for cutting/abrasion and/or vibration), knee braces
{"title":"Saúde Ocupacional aplicada aos Pavimentadores de Estradas","authors":"Filipa Rocha","doi":"10.31252/rpso.05.03.2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31252/rpso.05.03.2022","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction/framework/objectives It is not uncommon for Occupational Health teams to have a client in the road paving sector; however, literature for this area is sparse. The aim of this article is to summarize the most pertinent and recent articles published on the subject. Methodology This is a Bibliographic Review, initiated through a search carried out in August 2021 in the databases “CINALH plus with full text, Medline with full text, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Methodology Register, Nursing and Allied Health Collection: comprehensive, MedicLatina and RCAAP”. Contents The IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer) classified the asphalt used for paving roads as possibly carcinogenic to humans (group 2b), due to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. However, epidemiological studies do not show clear evidence of a higher incidence/prevalence of diseases of this type, although the risk may be different, depending on the route of entry (inhaled versus cutaneous) and the specific composition. There are also aliphatic hydrocarbons, cyclic alkanes and heterocyclic compounds. The association with different types of cancers is inconclusive but still stronger for lung versus skin. Some of these substances can cause chromosomal instability which, in turn, some argue that it can lead to cancer pathology. Discussion and Conclusions In the research carried out there was only data related to the chemical agents inserted in the asphalt; no references were found to other Occupational Risk/Risks Factors, such as other chemical agents, dust; noise, cut, vibrations associated with different machines; physical loads/efforts, forced/maintained postures, falling to the same level or at different levels, and eventual burial; ultraviolet radiation and thermal discomfort or trampling. As for the chemical risk, most authors consider that some substances included in the composition of the asphalt, especially under certain technical conditions (equipment, temperature, asphalt subtypes), may be carcinogenic to humans. However, even at this level, collective or individual protection measures are not mentioned, in order to provide concrete guidance for those who have clients in this sector. In the context of the former, it can be assumed that it would be pertinent to promote the rotation of tasks, to choose the types of asphalt considered less toxic (whenever possible) and the equipment that worked at lower temperatures, with less noise and vibrations; promote good maintenance of machines and purchase safer models; as well as organizing training and access to adequate Occupational Health services. In turn, at the level of Personal Protective Equipment, one could use mask/visor, hat/cap, uniform, glasses (for ultraviolet radiation and entry of foreign bodies), sun protection cream, ear protection, gloves (for cutting/abrasion and/or vibration), knee braces","PeriodicalId":114994,"journal":{"name":"Revista Portuguesa de Saúde Ocupacional","volume":"146 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121228181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.31252/rpso.12.02.2022
Sofia Talambas, Maria Amaral, A. Vieira, M. Rodrigues, M. Manzano
Introduction Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a common psychiatric pathology, classically considered chronic and debilitating because of the significant impact it can have on overall patient functionality, including at work. Its etiology is still unclear, and the clinical presentation is quite heterogeneous, manifesting itself through obsessions and/or compulsions that are associated with high levels of anxiety and time consumption. Case Report A 40-year-old female, working as an administrative assistant in a hospital, with a history of almost 20 years of obsessive doubt and verification rituals. Due to the worsening of symptoms, and their high impact on work capacity, she started a psychiatry follow-up. Then, according to the employee’s expectations and limitations, she was transferred to a different workstation, with less social interactions and different responsibilities. Subsequently, after both interventions, significant clinical improvement was shown. Discussion The close relationship between Occupational Medicine and Psychiatry, unequivocally contributes to manage mental illness in the workplace, either identifying reasonable adjustments to meet the needs of workers with mental illness, or attending the ones noticed during their regular activities. Conclusion It is essential to implement strategies for effective communication between both medical specialities, and aim to prevent occupational risks, by protecting and promoting healthy workplaces. Keywords: Obsessive Compulsive Disorder; Psychiatry, Occupational Health.
{"title":"Impacto Laboral da Perturbação Obsessivo-Compulsiva: Caso Clínico","authors":"Sofia Talambas, Maria Amaral, A. Vieira, M. Rodrigues, M. Manzano","doi":"10.31252/rpso.12.02.2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31252/rpso.12.02.2022","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a common psychiatric pathology, classically considered chronic and debilitating because of the significant impact it can have on overall patient functionality, including at work. Its etiology is still unclear, and the clinical presentation is quite heterogeneous, manifesting itself through obsessions and/or compulsions that are associated with high levels of anxiety and time consumption. Case Report A 40-year-old female, working as an administrative assistant in a hospital, with a history of almost 20 years of obsessive doubt and verification rituals. Due to the worsening of symptoms, and their high impact on work capacity, she started a psychiatry follow-up. Then, according to the employee’s expectations and limitations, she was transferred to a different workstation, with less social interactions and different responsibilities. Subsequently, after both interventions, significant clinical improvement was shown. Discussion The close relationship between Occupational Medicine and Psychiatry, unequivocally contributes to manage mental illness in the workplace, either identifying reasonable adjustments to meet the needs of workers with mental illness, or attending the ones noticed during their regular activities. Conclusion It is essential to implement strategies for effective communication between both medical specialities, and aim to prevent occupational risks, by protecting and promoting healthy workplaces. Keywords: Obsessive Compulsive Disorder; Psychiatry, Occupational Health.","PeriodicalId":114994,"journal":{"name":"Revista Portuguesa de Saúde Ocupacional","volume":"230 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122099415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.31252/rpso.23.04.2022
Mónica Santos, A. Almeida, Catarina Lopes
Introduction / framework / objectives The interest in applying task rotation to mitigate some occupational risk factors has been mentioned for a long time but, in reality, most professionals working in Occupational Health teams do not have experience in the development of these schemes and, perhaps, may even not knowing that there are computer algorithms that could aim the whole process more scientifically. Methodology This is a Bibliographic Review, initiated through a search carried out in August 2021 in the databases “CINALH plus with full text, Medline with full text, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Methodology Register, Nursing and Allied Health Collection: comprehensive, MedicLatina and RCAAP”. Contents Rotation is an administrative technique used with the objective of preventing Musculoskeletal Injuries; however, designing a rotation protocol can be complex in some circumstances. It can be defined as the change of tasks in a cyclic and regular way, in a previously stipulated order, in a certain interval. Advantages cover the Employee and/or Employer. Rotation can be decided by the hierarchical superior or by the employees themselves (with autonomy); in the latter case the acceptability is higher. Discussion and Conclusions Job rotation seems to be a good option in general work situations, as long as it is well considered; for more complex situations, computer programs/algorithms may be used to assist in the process. KEYWORDS: rotation, occupational health, occupational safety and occupational medicine.
{"title":"Bissinose","authors":"Mónica Santos, A. Almeida, Catarina Lopes","doi":"10.31252/rpso.23.04.2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31252/rpso.23.04.2022","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction / framework / objectives The interest in applying task rotation to mitigate some occupational risk factors has been mentioned for a long time but, in reality, most professionals working in Occupational Health teams do not have experience in the development of these schemes and, perhaps, may even not knowing that there are computer algorithms that could aim the whole process more scientifically. Methodology This is a Bibliographic Review, initiated through a search carried out in August 2021 in the databases “CINALH plus with full text, Medline with full text, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Methodology Register, Nursing and Allied Health Collection: comprehensive, MedicLatina and RCAAP”. Contents Rotation is an administrative technique used with the objective of preventing Musculoskeletal Injuries; however, designing a rotation protocol can be complex in some circumstances. It can be defined as the change of tasks in a cyclic and regular way, in a previously stipulated order, in a certain interval. Advantages cover the Employee and/or Employer. Rotation can be decided by the hierarchical superior or by the employees themselves (with autonomy); in the latter case the acceptability is higher. Discussion and Conclusions Job rotation seems to be a good option in general work situations, as long as it is well considered; for more complex situations, computer programs/algorithms may be used to assist in the process. KEYWORDS: rotation, occupational health, occupational safety and occupational medicine.","PeriodicalId":114994,"journal":{"name":"Revista Portuguesa de Saúde Ocupacional","volume":"107 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124118113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.31252/rpso.19.02.2022
Sofia Talambas, Dina Pita, Carlos Meneses, M. Claudino, M. Manzano
Introduction Contact dermatitis comprises 70–90% of all occupational skin diseases, leading frequently to functional disability. If contact dermatitis is suspected, the patient’s occupational history can guide the clinical suspicion as well as the allergens to be tested. Case Report A 63-year-old male electrician, who went to a Dermatology Specialist with pruritic erythematous-scaly lesions on the hands and feet, two years after the onset of symptoms. An epicutaneous test was performed, and Potassium Dichromate, Paraphenylenediamine, Lanolin Alcohols and Textile Blends were found positive. Considering the characteristics of the lesions, their distribution, occupational exposure and the results of skin patch tests, the diagnosis of Allergic Contact Dermatitis was established. Discussion It was possible to establish a relationship between the Personal Protective Equipment used by the worker and the symptoms, as well as establish the presumptive diagnosis of Occupational Dermatitis. The best approach for treatment is to identify and remove the agent, since avoiding the allergens can improve the clinical condition. Workplace analysis, as well as the development of preventive strategies are essential for Occupational Health. It is important to encourage companies to reduce/eliminate exposure to risk factors, promoting the health and safety of workers. Conclusion Contact Dermatitis is associated with a high personal and professional impacts, which can result in absenteeism, reduced productivity and disability. The Occupational Health Care Physician plays an active role in informing workers, with regards to safe working practices and the correct use of Personal Protective Equipment, so that these are used for protection instead of the source of the illness. Keywords: Dermatitis, Allergic contact, Contact Dermatitis; Occupational Dermatitis; Occupational Health.
{"title":"Equipamento de Proteção Individual: Causa ou Consequência? Caso Clínico","authors":"Sofia Talambas, Dina Pita, Carlos Meneses, M. Claudino, M. Manzano","doi":"10.31252/rpso.19.02.2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31252/rpso.19.02.2022","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Contact dermatitis comprises 70–90% of all occupational skin diseases, leading frequently to functional disability. If contact dermatitis is suspected, the patient’s occupational history can guide the clinical suspicion as well as the allergens to be tested. Case Report A 63-year-old male electrician, who went to a Dermatology Specialist with pruritic erythematous-scaly lesions on the hands and feet, two years after the onset of symptoms. An epicutaneous test was performed, and Potassium Dichromate, Paraphenylenediamine, Lanolin Alcohols and Textile Blends were found positive. Considering the characteristics of the lesions, their distribution, occupational exposure and the results of skin patch tests, the diagnosis of Allergic Contact Dermatitis was established. Discussion It was possible to establish a relationship between the Personal Protective Equipment used by the worker and the symptoms, as well as establish the presumptive diagnosis of Occupational Dermatitis. The best approach for treatment is to identify and remove the agent, since avoiding the allergens can improve the clinical condition. Workplace analysis, as well as the development of preventive strategies are essential for Occupational Health. It is important to encourage companies to reduce/eliminate exposure to risk factors, promoting the health and safety of workers. Conclusion Contact Dermatitis is associated with a high personal and professional impacts, which can result in absenteeism, reduced productivity and disability. The Occupational Health Care Physician plays an active role in informing workers, with regards to safe working practices and the correct use of Personal Protective Equipment, so that these are used for protection instead of the source of the illness. Keywords: Dermatitis, Allergic contact, Contact Dermatitis; Occupational Dermatitis; Occupational Health.","PeriodicalId":114994,"journal":{"name":"Revista Portuguesa de Saúde Ocupacional","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126976248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.31252/rpso.08.01.2022
Sara Matos, Ana Duarte, Maria Almeida, Inês Gonçalves, Mário Miranda, Miguel Abreu
Introduction/Framework Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Despite the available treatment, it’s an important driver of global morbidity and mortality. It reaches mainly the lungs but can reach any organ. The main route of infection is inhalation of aerosolized particles or contaminated micro-droplets. Global efforts for early diagnosis and adequate treatment have made it possible to remove Tuberculosis from the worldwide ten leading causes of death in 2019. The worldwide incidence is around ten million, probably underestimated. Tuberculosis represents an often-overlooked pandemic, which remains an important cause of death from an infectious disease whose, in contrast to other infections, incidence has recently risen as occupational disease. Methodology It’s a narrative review of the national and international guidelines about Tuberculosis in healthcare workers, with an adaptation to the Portuguese reality using estimations from countries with a similar disease incidence. Contents The World Health Organization argues that the benefit of screening and treating Latent Tuberculosis Infection outweighs the individual risks and therefore should be performed whenever possible. Following these guidelines, the Portuguese health council (Direção-Geral da Saúde) determined that health institutions, within the scope of health surveillance of their workers, must adopt procedures that allow for the early detection of Tuberculosis and Latent Tuberculosis Infection. Thus, the Occupational Medicine Services are responsible for assessing and manage the professional exposure to this biological agent. The End TB Strategy program aspires to the worldwide eradication of Tuberculosis by 2035, aiming to reduce Tuberculosis incidence and mortality by 80 and 95%, respectively, as well as universal access to proper treatment. Discussion and Conclusions The authors argue that the institutional contribution with the reinforcement of hospital infection control measures, the implementation of regular occupational Tuberculosis surveillance programs and the containment of the disease, through timely screening after unprotected exposure, are essentials measures for the achievement of the ambitious outlined goals. Regardless of their job model, these programs should be applied to all workers, contributing to the maintenance of their health, the main Occupational Medicine’s goal. Finally, the authors share ten common questions from daily basis clinical practice and present methodological suggestions. KEY-WORDS: Labor Health Surveillance; Healthcare workers; Prevention of Occupational Diseases; Screening; Tuberculosis; Latent Tuberculosis Infection.
{"title":"Vigilância da Tuberculose nos Profissionais de Saúde como contributo na erradicação de uma Pandemia","authors":"Sara Matos, Ana Duarte, Maria Almeida, Inês Gonçalves, Mário Miranda, Miguel Abreu","doi":"10.31252/rpso.08.01.2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31252/rpso.08.01.2022","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction/Framework Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Despite the available treatment, it’s an important driver of global morbidity and mortality. It reaches mainly the lungs but can reach any organ. The main route of infection is inhalation of aerosolized particles or contaminated micro-droplets. Global efforts for early diagnosis and adequate treatment have made it possible to remove Tuberculosis from the worldwide ten leading causes of death in 2019. The worldwide incidence is around ten million, probably underestimated. Tuberculosis represents an often-overlooked pandemic, which remains an important cause of death from an infectious disease whose, in contrast to other infections, incidence has recently risen as occupational disease. Methodology It’s a narrative review of the national and international guidelines about Tuberculosis in healthcare workers, with an adaptation to the Portuguese reality using estimations from countries with a similar disease incidence. Contents The World Health Organization argues that the benefit of screening and treating Latent Tuberculosis Infection outweighs the individual risks and therefore should be performed whenever possible. Following these guidelines, the Portuguese health council (Direção-Geral da Saúde) determined that health institutions, within the scope of health surveillance of their workers, must adopt procedures that allow for the early detection of Tuberculosis and Latent Tuberculosis Infection. Thus, the Occupational Medicine Services are responsible for assessing and manage the professional exposure to this biological agent. The End TB Strategy program aspires to the worldwide eradication of Tuberculosis by 2035, aiming to reduce Tuberculosis incidence and mortality by 80 and 95%, respectively, as well as universal access to proper treatment. Discussion and Conclusions The authors argue that the institutional contribution with the reinforcement of hospital infection control measures, the implementation of regular occupational Tuberculosis surveillance programs and the containment of the disease, through timely screening after unprotected exposure, are essentials measures for the achievement of the ambitious outlined goals. Regardless of their job model, these programs should be applied to all workers, contributing to the maintenance of their health, the main Occupational Medicine’s goal. Finally, the authors share ten common questions from daily basis clinical practice and present methodological suggestions. KEY-WORDS: Labor Health Surveillance; Healthcare workers; Prevention of Occupational Diseases; Screening; Tuberculosis; Latent Tuberculosis Infection.","PeriodicalId":114994,"journal":{"name":"Revista Portuguesa de Saúde Ocupacional","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122170542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.31252/rpso.21.05.2022
Mónica Santos, A. Almeida, Catarina Lopes
Introduction/framework/objectives It is not uncommon for a worker to report having Epilepsy during the Occupational Health exam, a fact that, in certain work contexts, may imply a risk of an eventual serious accident, sometimes arising some doubts on how to classify aptitude, maintaining confidentiality and simultaneously informing the employer/management/human resources which tasks should be avoided. Methodology This is a Bibliographic Review, initiated through a search carried out in January 2022 in the databases “CINALH plus with full text, Medline with full text, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Methodology Register, Nursing and Allied Health Collection: comprehensive, MedicLatina and RCAAP”. Contents In Epilepsy, the existence of abnormal electrical activity in the brain is verified; it is a dysfunction of the central nervous system, episodic and unpredictable, although controllable in the majority. The epileptic seizure may lead to loss of consciousness and/or intense and involuntary muscle contraction. Some side effects of the drugs used can contribute to the abandonment of therapy or, at least, the omission of some doses. The unemployment and underemployment rate is higher in these individuals; not only because of the stigma associated with the crisis and risk of accident, but also because of the side effects of drugs, such as drowsiness, vertigo, headache and/or cognitive changes, which can reduce work performance. In addition, unemployment can be further exacerbated by a decrease in self-esteem, lower qualifications (in terms of qualifications and professional experience), not having a driver license and because there is little information about the disease (from colleagues and employer). Assessing an epileptic’s ability to work is a complex task, especially when there are reasonably recent seizures. Aptitude will vary from case to case, considering the type of Epilepsy, frequency and intensity of seizures, control provided by medication and possible side effects, as well as work tasks themselves. Due to discrimination, some workers prefer to hide the pathology from the employer and the occupational physician. The determining factor for employability (access and maintenance of jobs) is crisis control. Discussion and Conclusions There are no consensually accepted Guidelines about Epileptic workers; in some countries and/or specific professional sectors there are short specific indications. It will be up to the Occupational Physician/Nurse and Safety Technician to act on a case-by-case basis, to guarantee the best working conditions. It seems to be consensual that at least two years without seizures may allow for the assumption that the recurrence rate will be reasonably low. In case of doubt, the Health and Safety elements may rely on the written opinion of the assistant neurologist, to have a technical and legal safeguard, in vi
{"title":"Epilepsia versus Saúde e Segurança Ocupacionais","authors":"Mónica Santos, A. Almeida, Catarina Lopes","doi":"10.31252/rpso.21.05.2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31252/rpso.21.05.2022","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction/framework/objectives It is not uncommon for a worker to report having Epilepsy during the Occupational Health exam, a fact that, in certain work contexts, may imply a risk of an eventual serious accident, sometimes arising some doubts on how to classify aptitude, maintaining confidentiality and simultaneously informing the employer/management/human resources which tasks should be avoided. Methodology This is a Bibliographic Review, initiated through a search carried out in January 2022 in the databases “CINALH plus with full text, Medline with full text, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Methodology Register, Nursing and Allied Health Collection: comprehensive, MedicLatina and RCAAP”. Contents In Epilepsy, the existence of abnormal electrical activity in the brain is verified; it is a dysfunction of the central nervous system, episodic and unpredictable, although controllable in the majority. The epileptic seizure may lead to loss of consciousness and/or intense and involuntary muscle contraction. Some side effects of the drugs used can contribute to the abandonment of therapy or, at least, the omission of some doses. The unemployment and underemployment rate is higher in these individuals; not only because of the stigma associated with the crisis and risk of accident, but also because of the side effects of drugs, such as drowsiness, vertigo, headache and/or cognitive changes, which can reduce work performance. In addition, unemployment can be further exacerbated by a decrease in self-esteem, lower qualifications (in terms of qualifications and professional experience), not having a driver license and because there is little information about the disease (from colleagues and employer). Assessing an epileptic’s ability to work is a complex task, especially when there are reasonably recent seizures. Aptitude will vary from case to case, considering the type of Epilepsy, frequency and intensity of seizures, control provided by medication and possible side effects, as well as work tasks themselves. Due to discrimination, some workers prefer to hide the pathology from the employer and the occupational physician. The determining factor for employability (access and maintenance of jobs) is crisis control. Discussion and Conclusions There are no consensually accepted Guidelines about Epileptic workers; in some countries and/or specific professional sectors there are short specific indications. It will be up to the Occupational Physician/Nurse and Safety Technician to act on a case-by-case basis, to guarantee the best working conditions. It seems to be consensual that at least two years without seizures may allow for the assumption that the recurrence rate will be reasonably low. In case of doubt, the Health and Safety elements may rely on the written opinion of the assistant neurologist, to have a technical and legal safeguard, in vi","PeriodicalId":114994,"journal":{"name":"Revista Portuguesa de Saúde Ocupacional","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129676893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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