Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.31252/rpso/11.09.2021
Paula Oliveira, Diana Garcia, Osvaldo Lueto, F. Martinez, Chissengo Tchonhi, J. Bernardo, Pedro Silva, Marinela Mirandela, Inara Gamboa, Tânia Amaro
Introduction According to the World Health Organization, "Burnout syndrome occurs due to chronic stress in the workplace” and includes physical and psychological symptoms. The current COVID-19 pandemic has created an overload of work for health professionals worldwide, sometimes exceeding their capacities and even leading to suicide. Angola is a developing country and its health system is still fragile, for this reason the pandemic could have a serious impact. In March the first cases of COVID-19 were registered and their incidence progressively increased. Objective To determine the prevalence of Burnout Syndrome in Health Professionals who assisted suspected and confirmed cases with COVID-19 in Angola, between May and September 2020. Methodology An observational, descriptive and transversal study was carried out with 250 professionals (196 from Luanda and 54 from Benguela) who work in health institutions that care suspected and confirmed cases with COVID-19. The Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI-HSS) was applied, which includes three subscales: emotional exhaustion or fatigue, depersonalization and personal fulfillment. High levels of the first two and low levels of the third are indicative of the situation. The professionals' sociodemographic information was also obtained. Results It was found that 60% of participants were female, mean age 35 years, with a predominance of nurses (50%). Professionals from Luanda assisted an average of 61 patients per week while those from Benguela assisted 12. The average score on the three behavior subscales was high in both genders and provinces, with significantly higher values of emotional fatigue in women and greater personal fulfillment among professionals in Luanda. Burnout Syndrome was diagnosed in 9.3% of professionals in Luanda and 4.6% in Benguela, with no statistical differences found between women and men (6.2 vs 4.5) Conclusions Despite the low frequency of Burnout syndrome and the fact that there are high levels of exhaustion and depersonalization at the beginning of the pandemic, it leads to believe that there will be an increase in the number of cases of Burnout due to a greater demand for work, triggered by the worsening of the pandemic. This finding should be taken into account by health system managers to safeguard the well-being of their professionals and patients, namely Work shifts with shorter periods; Integration of more professionals in understaffed service teams; encouraging breaks throughout the day; Adequate food/ nutrients according to the time of day; creation of social support programs; encouragement to practice physical exercises and relaxation; monthly payment of COVID-19 epidemiological risk subsidies; Personal Protective Equipment; greater availability of drugs and materials for clinical monitoring of critically ill patients; presence of a physician specialized in intensive care in each work shift; as psychological support. Keywords: Burnout syndrome, health professionals, COVID-
根据世界卫生组织的说法，“职业倦怠综合症是由于工作场所的慢性压力而发生的”，包括身体和心理症状。当前的COVID-19大流行给世界各地的卫生专业人员造成了超负荷的工作，有时超出了他们的能力，甚至导致自杀。安哥拉是一个发展中国家，其卫生系统仍然脆弱，因此，这种流行病可能产生严重影响。3月登记了第一例COVID-19病例，其发病率逐渐增加。目的了解2020年5月至9月期间在安哥拉协助COVID-19疑似和确诊病例的卫生专业人员中职业倦怠综合征的患病率。对250名在治疗COVID-19疑似病例和确诊病例的卫生机构工作的专业人员(196人来自罗安达，54人来自本格拉)进行了一项观察性、描述性和横向研究。采用马斯拉奇倦怠量表(MBI-HSS)，该量表包括情绪耗竭或疲劳、人格解体和个人成就感三个分量表。前两个的高水平和第三个的低水平表明了这种情况。同时获得了专业人员的社会人口学信息。结果60%的参与者为女性，平均年龄35岁，以护士为主(50%)。罗安达的专业人员每周平均援助61名病人，而本格拉的专业人员每周援助12名病人。三个行为子量表的平均得分在性别和省份中都很高，罗安达女性的情绪疲劳值显着更高，罗安达专业人员的个人成就感更高。疲劳综合症诊断在9.3%的专业人士在罗安达,4.6%发生在本格拉,发现男女之间没有统计学差异(6.2 vs 4.5)结论尽管低频疲劳综合症,有高水平的疲劳和人格解体开始流行,它会导致相信会有倦怠的病例数增加由于更大的工作需求,引发大流行的恶化。卫生系统管理人员应考虑到这一发现，以保障其专业人员和患者的福祉，即缩短轮班时间;在人手不足的服务队伍中整合更多专业人士;鼓励全天休息;根据一天的时间提供足够的食物/营养;创建社会支持项目;鼓励进行体育锻炼和放松;按月发放COVID-19流行病学风险补贴;个人防护装备;增加对危重病人进行临床监测的药物和材料的供应;每班有一名重症监护专科医生;作为心理支持。关键词:职业倦怠综合征，卫生专业人员，COVID-19，职业卫生，安哥拉
{"title":"Síndrome de Burnout em Profissionais de Saúde Angolanos durante a Pandemia da Covid-19","authors":"Paula Oliveira, Diana Garcia, Osvaldo Lueto, F. Martinez, Chissengo Tchonhi, J. Bernardo, Pedro Silva, Marinela Mirandela, Inara Gamboa, Tânia Amaro","doi":"10.31252/rpso/11.09.2021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31252/rpso/11.09.2021","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction According to the World Health Organization, \"Burnout syndrome occurs due to chronic stress in the workplace” and includes physical and psychological symptoms. The current COVID-19 pandemic has created an overload of work for health professionals worldwide, sometimes exceeding their capacities and even leading to suicide. Angola is a developing country and its health system is still fragile, for this reason the pandemic could have a serious impact. In March the first cases of COVID-19 were registered and their incidence progressively increased. Objective To determine the prevalence of Burnout Syndrome in Health Professionals who assisted suspected and confirmed cases with COVID-19 in Angola, between May and September 2020. Methodology An observational, descriptive and transversal study was carried out with 250 professionals (196 from Luanda and 54 from Benguela) who work in health institutions that care suspected and confirmed cases with COVID-19. The Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI-HSS) was applied, which includes three subscales: emotional exhaustion or fatigue, depersonalization and personal fulfillment. High levels of the first two and low levels of the third are indicative of the situation. The professionals' sociodemographic information was also obtained. Results It was found that 60% of participants were female, mean age 35 years, with a predominance of nurses (50%). Professionals from Luanda assisted an average of 61 patients per week while those from Benguela assisted 12. The average score on the three behavior subscales was high in both genders and provinces, with significantly higher values of emotional fatigue in women and greater personal fulfillment among professionals in Luanda. Burnout Syndrome was diagnosed in 9.3% of professionals in Luanda and 4.6% in Benguela, with no statistical differences found between women and men (6.2 vs 4.5) Conclusions Despite the low frequency of Burnout syndrome and the fact that there are high levels of exhaustion and depersonalization at the beginning of the pandemic, it leads to believe that there will be an increase in the number of cases of Burnout due to a greater demand for work, triggered by the worsening of the pandemic. This finding should be taken into account by health system managers to safeguard the well-being of their professionals and patients, namely Work shifts with shorter periods; Integration of more professionals in understaffed service teams; encouraging breaks throughout the day; Adequate food/ nutrients according to the time of day; creation of social support programs; encouragement to practice physical exercises and relaxation; monthly payment of COVID-19 epidemiological risk subsidies; Personal Protective Equipment; greater availability of drugs and materials for clinical monitoring of critically ill patients; presence of a physician specialized in intensive care in each work shift; as psychological support. Keywords: Burnout syndrome, health professionals, COVID-","PeriodicalId":114994,"journal":{"name":"Revista Portuguesa de Saúde Ocupacional","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122503518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.31252/rpso.17.07.2021
Diana Costa
Introduction / background / objectives Temperature screening (with infrared thermometers) in workplaces has proven to be controversial, creating discussions between Occupational health services teams, assuming as a "requirement" from workers and/ or Employers. This article intends to analyze the evidence of such as strategy. Methodology This is a descriptive literature review. The search for scientific sources was carried out using the PUBMED (Medline) databases during the month of July 2021, without time limitation, in Portuguese or English, with keywords “temperature screening” and “Covid-19”. Content Skin temperature, rather than core temperature, can be influenced by several factors; infrared thermometers does not appear to be reliable enough to detect or exclude fever, and fever is not a characteristic symptom of all infected from Covid-19. Thus, this unreliable proxy does not provide evidence to support its implementation in workplaces as an evidence-based measure. This strategy appears to lend more accountability to marketing and placebo than to evidence, helping workers and Employers feel better, but not doing much and potentially getting worse, by conveying a false sense of security. Conclusions Each workplace can determine its own preferences, depending on its particular epidemiological context, and for this reason there is no “right answer” on how Companies should approach this matter - the evidence on this topic is incomplete and the challenges posed by the pandemic are changing; however, in order to delineate more informed decisions, if we are to achieve, as a country, a fast economic recovery, employers will have to stop betting on measures that require resources, but which are placebos. Keywords: temperature screening; Covid-19; Ocupacional Health.
{"title":"Monitorização da Temperatura à entrada das Empresas: vale a opinião ou a evidência?","authors":"Diana Costa","doi":"10.31252/rpso.17.07.2021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31252/rpso.17.07.2021","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction / background / objectives Temperature screening (with infrared thermometers) in workplaces has proven to be controversial, creating discussions between Occupational health services teams, assuming as a \"requirement\" from workers and/ or Employers. This article intends to analyze the evidence of such as strategy. Methodology This is a descriptive literature review. The search for scientific sources was carried out using the PUBMED (Medline) databases during the month of July 2021, without time limitation, in Portuguese or English, with keywords “temperature screening” and “Covid-19”. Content Skin temperature, rather than core temperature, can be influenced by several factors; infrared thermometers does not appear to be reliable enough to detect or exclude fever, and fever is not a characteristic symptom of all infected from Covid-19. Thus, this unreliable proxy does not provide evidence to support its implementation in workplaces as an evidence-based measure. This strategy appears to lend more accountability to marketing and placebo than to evidence, helping workers and Employers feel better, but not doing much and potentially getting worse, by conveying a false sense of security. Conclusions Each workplace can determine its own preferences, depending on its particular epidemiological context, and for this reason there is no “right answer” on how Companies should approach this matter - the evidence on this topic is incomplete and the challenges posed by the pandemic are changing; however, in order to delineate more informed decisions, if we are to achieve, as a country, a fast economic recovery, employers will have to stop betting on measures that require resources, but which are placebos. Keywords: temperature screening; Covid-19; Ocupacional Health.","PeriodicalId":114994,"journal":{"name":"Revista Portuguesa de Saúde Ocupacional","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133312181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.31252/rpso.20.11.2021
Alex B. Roque, Silvia Pimenta, Rita Ribeiro, J. Ferreira, A. Correia, T. Martinho, Elvira Perea, J. Fonnegra
Introduction Mobbing can significantly affected not only the mental and physical health of the working population, but also organizational health. Clinical Case Report This is a case report of a healthcare worker, 62 years old, working in a Hospital Centre. She attended to an Occupational Health consultation due to an anxious and/or panic crisis. In the assessment by Psychiatry, it was found that she was experiencing multiple labour conflicts. Professional burn-out symptoms were found, associated with anxiety and easy crying spells on a daily basis, particularly on days of work, as well as marked feelings of sadness related to it. She was medicated and was followed up at Liaison Psychiatry, and her clinical status was made known to Occupational Health through a medical report. Discussion/Conclusion: In the last decade, Mobbing has become a frequent form of problem reported in modern societies, showing serious effects both on workers' health and on the rate of absenteeism and staff turnover in companies. The report of this case is a warning to the existence of cases of Mobbing in a professional activity in which, due to the high level of health literacy, could not be expected. In addition, it reinforces the importance, which is sometimes mandatory for Occupational Health, of contacting the heads of workers to solve some conflicts that may eventually exist. Keywords: Mobbing; Harassment at work; Occupational Health.
{"title":"Mobbing, uma realidade presente em meio hospitalar","authors":"Alex B. Roque, Silvia Pimenta, Rita Ribeiro, J. Ferreira, A. Correia, T. Martinho, Elvira Perea, J. Fonnegra","doi":"10.31252/rpso.20.11.2021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31252/rpso.20.11.2021","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Mobbing can significantly affected not only the mental and physical health of the working population, but also organizational health. Clinical Case Report This is a case report of a healthcare worker, 62 years old, working in a Hospital Centre. She attended to an Occupational Health consultation due to an anxious and/or panic crisis. In the assessment by Psychiatry, it was found that she was experiencing multiple labour conflicts. Professional burn-out symptoms were found, associated with anxiety and easy crying spells on a daily basis, particularly on days of work, as well as marked feelings of sadness related to it. She was medicated and was followed up at Liaison Psychiatry, and her clinical status was made known to Occupational Health through a medical report. Discussion/Conclusion: In the last decade, Mobbing has become a frequent form of problem reported in modern societies, showing serious effects both on workers' health and on the rate of absenteeism and staff turnover in companies. The report of this case is a warning to the existence of cases of Mobbing in a professional activity in which, due to the high level of health literacy, could not be expected. In addition, it reinforces the importance, which is sometimes mandatory for Occupational Health, of contacting the heads of workers to solve some conflicts that may eventually exist. Keywords: Mobbing; Harassment at work; Occupational Health.","PeriodicalId":114994,"journal":{"name":"Revista Portuguesa de Saúde Ocupacional","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133322576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.31252/rpso.13.11.2021
Andréa Lopes, L. Silva, Yeda Ruiz
Introduction Tree planting reduces noise pollution and consequently improve the quality of life, however, in Brazil there is little research on this topic, mainly related to the quantification and classification of vegetation in the health of workers. It is understood that the correct planning of afforestation at school is essential, as it makes the place attractive, with functional and aesthetic quality, adequate landscaping and favorable acoustic conditions. Thus, acoustic comfort can favor the teaching process, as it minimizes the educator's vocal effort. Given these considerations, this work exposes the need to obtain acoustic comfort in a school located in the central area of a city in the interior of the State of São Paulo, Brazil. Objective To measure the sound pressure levels in three environments in the school yard of a central school in a city in the interior of the state of São Paulo, Brazil; verify the existence of arboreal masses in the school yard and near the school under study and to find out if the tree mass contributes to the acoustic comfort of the school yard under study. Methodology The measurement of sound pressure levels was carried out in the school yard in October 2019, at 9:30 am within the three established points. The measurement followed ANSI S12.60 recommendations, using Instrutherm DEC-5050 sound meter equipment and compared with NBR 10.151 and NBR 10.152 Standards. At the three determined points, 30 measurements were performed at each point, spaced 10 seconds each, at each point, according to the manual for measurement and calculation of acoustic conditions. Measurements were taken at 1.2 m above ground and 1.5 m from walls. Results The school does not comply with NBR 10152, with sound pressure levels up to 88.9 dB (A), with regard to acoustic comfort, compromising the occupational health and quality of life of educators and the learning process of students. The lack of arboreal mass can significantly contribute to noise pollution and compensatory considerations of mitigating proposals in future studies to solve the acoustic problems that affect the lives of educators and students. Conclusion Environmental noise in the school yard is above acceptable limits, impacting acoustic quality and comfort, which can contribute to a process of auditory effort, which impairs the teaching process and quality of life, interfering with the health of educators and students. Therefore, it is essential to search for solutions to improve the acoustic quality of the environment, with a favorable acoustic landscape. The arboreal mass shows promise for acoustic comfort in the school environment, providing better health conditions for educators and students. Therefore, it is suggested as future studies: Propose the type of material for the architectural space so that the place has less noise; improve the positioning of the afforestation present at the site and Implement afforestation project as needed by the site. Keywords: Acoustic com
植树可以减少噪音污染，从而提高生活质量，然而，在巴西，关于这一主题的研究很少，主要是关于植被对工人健康的量化和分类。可以理解的是，正确的学校绿化规划是必不可少的，因为它使这个地方具有吸引力，具有功能和美学品质，充分的景观美化和良好的声学条件。因此，声音舒适有利于教学过程，因为它最大限度地减少了教育者发声的努力。考虑到这些因素，这项工作暴露了在巴西圣保罗州内陆城市中心地区的一所学校获得声学舒适的需求。目的测量巴西圣保罗州内陆某城市某中心学校校园三种环境下的声压级;验证在校园内和被研究学校附近是否存在树木团块，并了解树木团块是否有助于被研究学校的声学舒适性。方法于2019年10月9日上午9时30分在三个既定点内的校园内进行声压级测量。测量遵循ANSI S12.60建议，使用instrument DEC-5050测声仪设备，并与NBR 10.151和NBR 10.152标准进行比较。根据声学条件测量和计算手册，在三个确定的点上，每个点进行30次测量，每次间隔10秒。测量距离地面1.2米，距离墙壁1.5米。结果该学校不符合NBR 10152标准，声压级达88.9 dB (A)，声舒适影响了教育工作者的职业健康和生活质量，影响了学生的学习过程。树木质量的缺乏会极大地导致噪音污染，在未来的研究中，为了解决影响教育工作者和学生生活的声学问题，需要补偿性地考虑缓解建议。结论校园环境噪声超标，影响了学生的听觉质量和舒适度，造成了听觉努力过程，影响了教学过程和生活质量，干扰了教师和学生的身体健康。因此，寻找改善环境声质量的解决方案，营造良好的声景观是至关重要的。树状体块显示了在学校环境中声学舒适的希望，为教育工作者和学生提供更好的健康条件。因此，建议作为未来的研究方向:提出建筑空间的材料类型，使场所噪音更小;改善现场绿化的定位，根据现场需要实施绿化工程。关键词:声舒适，树木，校园，学校健康计划，职业健康
{"title":"Conforto Acústico: um caminho possível para a Saúde dos Profissionais a exercer em escolas","authors":"Andréa Lopes, L. Silva, Yeda Ruiz","doi":"10.31252/rpso.13.11.2021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31252/rpso.13.11.2021","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Tree planting reduces noise pollution and consequently improve the quality of life, however, in Brazil there is little research on this topic, mainly related to the quantification and classification of vegetation in the health of workers. It is understood that the correct planning of afforestation at school is essential, as it makes the place attractive, with functional and aesthetic quality, adequate landscaping and favorable acoustic conditions. Thus, acoustic comfort can favor the teaching process, as it minimizes the educator's vocal effort. Given these considerations, this work exposes the need to obtain acoustic comfort in a school located in the central area of a city in the interior of the State of São Paulo, Brazil. Objective To measure the sound pressure levels in three environments in the school yard of a central school in a city in the interior of the state of São Paulo, Brazil; verify the existence of arboreal masses in the school yard and near the school under study and to find out if the tree mass contributes to the acoustic comfort of the school yard under study. Methodology The measurement of sound pressure levels was carried out in the school yard in October 2019, at 9:30 am within the three established points. The measurement followed ANSI S12.60 recommendations, using Instrutherm DEC-5050 sound meter equipment and compared with NBR 10.151 and NBR 10.152 Standards. At the three determined points, 30 measurements were performed at each point, spaced 10 seconds each, at each point, according to the manual for measurement and calculation of acoustic conditions. Measurements were taken at 1.2 m above ground and 1.5 m from walls. Results The school does not comply with NBR 10152, with sound pressure levels up to 88.9 dB (A), with regard to acoustic comfort, compromising the occupational health and quality of life of educators and the learning process of students. The lack of arboreal mass can significantly contribute to noise pollution and compensatory considerations of mitigating proposals in future studies to solve the acoustic problems that affect the lives of educators and students. Conclusion Environmental noise in the school yard is above acceptable limits, impacting acoustic quality and comfort, which can contribute to a process of auditory effort, which impairs the teaching process and quality of life, interfering with the health of educators and students. Therefore, it is essential to search for solutions to improve the acoustic quality of the environment, with a favorable acoustic landscape. The arboreal mass shows promise for acoustic comfort in the school environment, providing better health conditions for educators and students. Therefore, it is suggested as future studies: Propose the type of material for the architectural space so that the place has less noise; improve the positioning of the afforestation present at the site and Implement afforestation project as needed by the site. Keywords: Acoustic com","PeriodicalId":114994,"journal":{"name":"Revista Portuguesa de Saúde Ocupacional","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122751217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.31252/rpso.04.09.2021
Simone Prestes, Fernando Mathias, Andréa Lopes
Introduction Gas station attendants are exposed to loud sounds and chemical compounds, working in rotating shifts and inadequate postures. Objective Describe the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms which affects those workers and evaluate the quality of life at work, correlating them with hearing evaluation. Method A cross-sectional study, with a control group, with 15 participants without exposure and other 20 with exposition. The Nordic Questionnaire of Musculoskeletal Symptoms and the Quality-of-Life Questionnaire at Work, short version, were used for evaluations. The exams performed were Tone Limit Audiometry, Acoustic Immittance Measurements and Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potential. Results The prevalent symptoms in the exposed group were pain in neck/cervical spine and hip/lower members, and the lumbar region. Hearing alterations were observed in 30% of the gas station attendants. There was a correlation between age and quality of life at work. Conclusion It is believed that the pain found can be a consequence of prolonged standing posture and lack of physical activity; symptoms that could be minimized by the adoption of ergonomic measures. However, although some audiological exams presented alterations, they were not enough to interfere in the quality of life at work, that was satisfactory for the groups. Keywords: Musculoskeletal; Noise. Solvents; Occupational exposure; Quality of life; Hypoacusis; Ototoxicity; Occupational Health.
{"title":"Prevalência de Dores Musculares e análise da Qualidade de Vida e Saúde Auditiva em Trabalhadores de Postos de Combustíveis","authors":"Simone Prestes, Fernando Mathias, Andréa Lopes","doi":"10.31252/rpso.04.09.2021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31252/rpso.04.09.2021","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Gas station attendants are exposed to loud sounds and chemical compounds, working in rotating shifts and inadequate postures. Objective Describe the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms which affects those workers and evaluate the quality of life at work, correlating them with hearing evaluation. Method A cross-sectional study, with a control group, with 15 participants without exposure and other 20 with exposition. The Nordic Questionnaire of Musculoskeletal Symptoms and the Quality-of-Life Questionnaire at Work, short version, were used for evaluations. The exams performed were Tone Limit Audiometry, Acoustic Immittance Measurements and Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potential. Results The prevalent symptoms in the exposed group were pain in neck/cervical spine and hip/lower members, and the lumbar region. Hearing alterations were observed in 30% of the gas station attendants. There was a correlation between age and quality of life at work. Conclusion It is believed that the pain found can be a consequence of prolonged standing posture and lack of physical activity; symptoms that could be minimized by the adoption of ergonomic measures. However, although some audiological exams presented alterations, they were not enough to interfere in the quality of life at work, that was satisfactory for the groups. Keywords: Musculoskeletal; Noise. Solvents; Occupational exposure; Quality of life; Hypoacusis; Ototoxicity; Occupational Health.","PeriodicalId":114994,"journal":{"name":"Revista Portuguesa de Saúde Ocupacional","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133989709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction/framework/objectives Occupational Health services are sometimes provided to employers who hire migrant labor, in some cases from very distant regions, geographically and culturally. The life circumstances of these workers and socio/economic/cultural characteristics will certainly be very different from the generality of Portuguese employees. The aim of this review is to summarize what was most relevant was published in this context. Methodology This is a Bibliographic Review, initiated through a research carried out in September 2021, in the databases “CINALH plus with full text, Medline with full text, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Methodology Register, Nursing and Allied Health Collection: comprehensive, MedicLatina and RCAAP”. Contents In general, migrants are left with "3-D" jobs: "dirty, demanding and dangerous" and/or even "degrading"- that is, with worse working conditions; they have usually jobs that require fewer qualifications and have more risk factors. As a rule, they do not work in the education or administration sectors, but rather in agriculture, construction and industry. However, Migrant workers also generally present greater occupational risks, due to unsafe behavior, namely associated with the use of Personal Protective Equipment, especially in small and medium-sized companies; due to the lower cultural level, migrants generally have a lower perception of risk and worse security behaviors. The time that the migrant has been with the institution does not seem to influence the perception of risk; in turn, the length of stay in the country is already able to do so. It is also modulated by safety climate, leadership, workload, safety knowledge and training; as well as personality, attitude and previous experience (accidents, morbidity). It is possible that the COVID19 pandemic will allow employers and supervisory institutions to be more attentive to the improvement of some parameters in working conditions. Males seem to be less available to participate in health education and promotion activities, have worse knowledge at this level and greater acceptance of risk. However, female migrants seem to need more medical care but have less access, even with chronic pathology. Individuals with communication problems attend health services less often and have lower adherence to proposed therapies. The presence of an interpreter helps a lot, but it is not always possible. Discussion and Conclusions The development of an Occupational Health service that can adapt to the particularities of the assessed migrants will be more likely to have better efficiency and performance, bringing benefits to workers, managers and employers. In addition, these individuals generally accept worse working conditions more easily, tasks with higher risks and feel less need and/or capacity to demand their labor rights, so occupational acciden
{"title":"Particularidades da Saúde Ocupacional aplicada a Migrantes","authors":"Mónica Santos, A. Almeida, Catarina Lopes","doi":"10.31252/rpso.16.10.202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31252/rpso.16.10.202","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction/framework/objectives Occupational Health services are sometimes provided to employers who hire migrant labor, in some cases from very distant regions, geographically and culturally. The life circumstances of these workers and socio/economic/cultural characteristics will certainly be very different from the generality of Portuguese employees. The aim of this review is to summarize what was most relevant was published in this context. Methodology This is a Bibliographic Review, initiated through a research carried out in September 2021, in the databases “CINALH plus with full text, Medline with full text, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Methodology Register, Nursing and Allied Health Collection: comprehensive, MedicLatina and RCAAP”. Contents In general, migrants are left with \"3-D\" jobs: \"dirty, demanding and dangerous\" and/or even \"degrading\"- that is, with worse working conditions; they have usually jobs that require fewer qualifications and have more risk factors. As a rule, they do not work in the education or administration sectors, but rather in agriculture, construction and industry. However, Migrant workers also generally present greater occupational risks, due to unsafe behavior, namely associated with the use of Personal Protective Equipment, especially in small and medium-sized companies; due to the lower cultural level, migrants generally have a lower perception of risk and worse security behaviors. The time that the migrant has been with the institution does not seem to influence the perception of risk; in turn, the length of stay in the country is already able to do so. It is also modulated by safety climate, leadership, workload, safety knowledge and training; as well as personality, attitude and previous experience (accidents, morbidity). It is possible that the COVID19 pandemic will allow employers and supervisory institutions to be more attentive to the improvement of some parameters in working conditions. Males seem to be less available to participate in health education and promotion activities, have worse knowledge at this level and greater acceptance of risk. However, female migrants seem to need more medical care but have less access, even with chronic pathology. Individuals with communication problems attend health services less often and have lower adherence to proposed therapies. The presence of an interpreter helps a lot, but it is not always possible. Discussion and Conclusions The development of an Occupational Health service that can adapt to the particularities of the assessed migrants will be more likely to have better efficiency and performance, bringing benefits to workers, managers and employers. In addition, these individuals generally accept worse working conditions more easily, tasks with higher risks and feel less need and/or capacity to demand their labor rights, so occupational acciden","PeriodicalId":114994,"journal":{"name":"Revista Portuguesa de Saúde Ocupacional","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132713312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.31252/rpso.10.07.2021
S. Ferreira
Introduction and objectives In the workplace context, there may be a multiplicity of psychosocial risks that interfere with the health and well-being of workers, influencing productivity, absenteeism, presenteeism, employee satisfaction and motivation. On the other hand, the coping strategies used, as well as individual and organizational resources, promote a better management of work stress. This study aims to assess the perception of psychosocial risks, health and coping of employees of an institution. Methods A descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out, using instruments such as the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire - COPSOQ-II, Brief Symptom Inventory - BSI and Brief Cope. Results and discussion The general data indicate a greater risk in terms of work demands, with cognitive dimension and work pace being more prevalent. Furthermore, role conflict is perceived as a serious risk. Difficulties in the balance between family life and work are also highlighted, as well as the need to improve vertical trust, which is mutually established between management and employees. Regarding the organization and content of work, even though they are considered moderate risks, it is worth emphasizing the importance of factors such as influence on work and commitment, in promoting and maintaining job satisfaction. On the other hand, it is also important to take into account the resources that can work as protectors of the mental health of employees as positive points were identified the possibility of development, the meaning of work, predictability, rewards, transparency on paper, the quality of leadership, job satisfaction (although these two should be reinforced), support from colleagues, job security, horizontal trust, as well as the social community. Regarding to the symptoms, there are some situations that deserve an individualized intervention, in order to promote its stabilization and mitigate its consequences. Concerning the most used coping strategies, the results show greater resort to acceptance, active coping and planning, although these two are less relevant. Conclusion The data alerts to the need to intervene, resorting to measures centered on the individual, but also on the organization, to prevent, minimize and repair the damage arising from the psychosocial risks found, as well as to strengthen existing resources. Keywords: psychosocial risks; stress; auditing; health promotion; stress prevention; occupational health.
{"title":"Auditoria ao Stresse no contexto Laboral: uma proposta de intervenção nos Riscos Psicossociais","authors":"S. Ferreira","doi":"10.31252/rpso.10.07.2021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31252/rpso.10.07.2021","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and objectives In the workplace context, there may be a multiplicity of psychosocial risks that interfere with the health and well-being of workers, influencing productivity, absenteeism, presenteeism, employee satisfaction and motivation. On the other hand, the coping strategies used, as well as individual and organizational resources, promote a better management of work stress. This study aims to assess the perception of psychosocial risks, health and coping of employees of an institution. Methods A descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out, using instruments such as the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire - COPSOQ-II, Brief Symptom Inventory - BSI and Brief Cope. Results and discussion The general data indicate a greater risk in terms of work demands, with cognitive dimension and work pace being more prevalent. Furthermore, role conflict is perceived as a serious risk. Difficulties in the balance between family life and work are also highlighted, as well as the need to improve vertical trust, which is mutually established between management and employees. Regarding the organization and content of work, even though they are considered moderate risks, it is worth emphasizing the importance of factors such as influence on work and commitment, in promoting and maintaining job satisfaction. On the other hand, it is also important to take into account the resources that can work as protectors of the mental health of employees as positive points were identified the possibility of development, the meaning of work, predictability, rewards, transparency on paper, the quality of leadership, job satisfaction (although these two should be reinforced), support from colleagues, job security, horizontal trust, as well as the social community. Regarding to the symptoms, there are some situations that deserve an individualized intervention, in order to promote its stabilization and mitigate its consequences. Concerning the most used coping strategies, the results show greater resort to acceptance, active coping and planning, although these two are less relevant. Conclusion The data alerts to the need to intervene, resorting to measures centered on the individual, but also on the organization, to prevent, minimize and repair the damage arising from the psychosocial risks found, as well as to strengthen existing resources. Keywords: psychosocial risks; stress; auditing; health promotion; stress prevention; occupational health.","PeriodicalId":114994,"journal":{"name":"Revista Portuguesa de Saúde Ocupacional","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128498054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.31252/rpso.02.10.2021
Mónica Santos, A. Almeida, Catarina Lopes
Introduction / framework / objectives Work Capacity can be defined as the extent to which an employee is able, in the present, and possibly in the future, to perform their tasks, depending on their state of health and physical and mental capacities. Companies will be more competitive if they have healthier workers. The better the variables involved in Work Capacity are known, easier the Occupational Health will be managed. Methodology This is a Bibliographic Review, initiated through a search carried out in August 2021 in the databases “CINALH plus with full text, Medline with full text, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Methodology Register, Nursing and Allied Health Collection: comprehensive, MedicLatina and RCAAP”. Contents Overweight or Obese employees, on average, are absent from work more days per year. Obesity is associated with longer absenteeism and these, in turn, have a higher unemployment rate, due to the associated pathologies (musculoskeletal, cardiovascular and emotional). However, it should be noted that norms vary between countries and systems, so when absence from work due to illness is unpaid, it tends to be shorter than when it is, especially if at 100%. In older workers, Obesity doubles the risk of losing a job. Changes in Work Capacity may be justified by lower cardiovascular fitness, less response to physical demands and due to the comorbidities. This may be more prevalent in the lower socioeconomic strata and, in these, physical work is also more frequent, with less pay and less support for absence due to disability. Obesity and a high workload are associated with worse Work Capacity, possibly synergistically, through musculoskeletal and cardiovascular issues and/or changes in pulmonary function/symptoms, as intra-abdominal pressure increases. That is, individuals with a Body Mass Index greater than 30 have respiratory symptoms six times more likely. Discussion and Conclusions Although the bibliography on the subject is not abundant, there is reasonably consensual regarding the negative interaction between Excess Weight/Obesity and the Ability to Work; therefore, any measure that benefits the first situation will also benefit the second, with emphasis on Exercise and caloric restriction. However, the subject is sometimes not properly valued by workers or a part of them is not even receptive to approaching the subject, even becoming aggressive when a health professional tries to take this path. Keywords: obesity, overweight, work capacity, occupational health and occupational medicine.
{"title":"Obesidade e Capacidade de Trabalho.","authors":"Mónica Santos, A. Almeida, Catarina Lopes","doi":"10.31252/rpso.02.10.2021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31252/rpso.02.10.2021","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction / framework / objectives Work Capacity can be defined as the extent to which an employee is able, in the present, and possibly in the future, to perform their tasks, depending on their state of health and physical and mental capacities. Companies will be more competitive if they have healthier workers. The better the variables involved in Work Capacity are known, easier the Occupational Health will be managed. Methodology This is a Bibliographic Review, initiated through a search carried out in August 2021 in the databases “CINALH plus with full text, Medline with full text, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Methodology Register, Nursing and Allied Health Collection: comprehensive, MedicLatina and RCAAP”. Contents Overweight or Obese employees, on average, are absent from work more days per year. Obesity is associated with longer absenteeism and these, in turn, have a higher unemployment rate, due to the associated pathologies (musculoskeletal, cardiovascular and emotional). However, it should be noted that norms vary between countries and systems, so when absence from work due to illness is unpaid, it tends to be shorter than when it is, especially if at 100%. In older workers, Obesity doubles the risk of losing a job. Changes in Work Capacity may be justified by lower cardiovascular fitness, less response to physical demands and due to the comorbidities. This may be more prevalent in the lower socioeconomic strata and, in these, physical work is also more frequent, with less pay and less support for absence due to disability. Obesity and a high workload are associated with worse Work Capacity, possibly synergistically, through musculoskeletal and cardiovascular issues and/or changes in pulmonary function/symptoms, as intra-abdominal pressure increases. That is, individuals with a Body Mass Index greater than 30 have respiratory symptoms six times more likely. Discussion and Conclusions Although the bibliography on the subject is not abundant, there is reasonably consensual regarding the negative interaction between Excess Weight/Obesity and the Ability to Work; therefore, any measure that benefits the first situation will also benefit the second, with emphasis on Exercise and caloric restriction. However, the subject is sometimes not properly valued by workers or a part of them is not even receptive to approaching the subject, even becoming aggressive when a health professional tries to take this path. Keywords: obesity, overweight, work capacity, occupational health and occupational medicine.","PeriodicalId":114994,"journal":{"name":"Revista Portuguesa de Saúde Ocupacional","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131527006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.31252/rpso.25.09.2021
Ana Oliveira, Randdy Ferreira, Félix Neto, Ângela Maia
Introduction and objectives In Portugal, one of the organizations operating in the pre-hospital emergency context is the Portuguese Red Cross. Working at this level is considered a risky activity, including exposure to high levels of stress, which may lead to the development of health problems. The main objectives of this study were describe the profile of these first responders considering health, work, coping and social support variables, explore age/gender differences, as well as the relationship between these variables. Methodology A cross-sectional study was conducted and the following instruments were used: General Health Questionnaire - 28, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist 5, Warr's Job-Related Affective Well-Being Scale, Brief COPE, and the Survey of Perceived Organizational Support. Results and Conclusions The results showed satisfactory levels of general health and psychological well-being, good levels of job satisfaction, and moderate levels of perceived social support. The coping strategies most used by these first responders were emotion-focused coping. The differences found and the relationships between the variables identified constitute important clues to be taken into account in the planning and implementation of actions and interventions with these populations. Optimizing the first responders' working conditions, providing support and promoting the development of skills will make a crucial contribution to their health and psychological well-being, which will be reflected in the quality of the support provided to the population. Keywords: first responders, occupational health, work, coping, social support, occupational or organizational psychology.
{"title":"Contributo para um retrato dos Socorristas da Cruz Vermelha Portuguesa: Saúde, Trabalho, Coping e Suporte Social","authors":"Ana Oliveira, Randdy Ferreira, Félix Neto, Ângela Maia","doi":"10.31252/rpso.25.09.2021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31252/rpso.25.09.2021","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and objectives In Portugal, one of the organizations operating in the pre-hospital emergency context is the Portuguese Red Cross. Working at this level is considered a risky activity, including exposure to high levels of stress, which may lead to the development of health problems. The main objectives of this study were describe the profile of these first responders considering health, work, coping and social support variables, explore age/gender differences, as well as the relationship between these variables. Methodology A cross-sectional study was conducted and the following instruments were used: General Health Questionnaire - 28, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist 5, Warr's Job-Related Affective Well-Being Scale, Brief COPE, and the Survey of Perceived Organizational Support. Results and Conclusions The results showed satisfactory levels of general health and psychological well-being, good levels of job satisfaction, and moderate levels of perceived social support. The coping strategies most used by these first responders were emotion-focused coping. The differences found and the relationships between the variables identified constitute important clues to be taken into account in the planning and implementation of actions and interventions with these populations. Optimizing the first responders' working conditions, providing support and promoting the development of skills will make a crucial contribution to their health and psychological well-being, which will be reflected in the quality of the support provided to the population. Keywords: first responders, occupational health, work, coping, social support, occupational or organizational psychology.","PeriodicalId":114994,"journal":{"name":"Revista Portuguesa de Saúde Ocupacional","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134473853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.31252/rpso/11.12.2021
Maria Garcia, G. Pereira, Sérgio Miguel, S. Miguel
Introduction Healthcare workers are a group particularly sensitive to the flu virus, as they are potential receptors and transmitters of the virus, and their vaccination is a cornerstone of prevention in the hospital context. Objectives To find out what impact the COVID-19 pandemic had on the perception of risk of contracting an infection by the Influenza virus and on the motivation for vaccination against seasonal flu by healthcare workers at a Central Hospital. Methodology We used a quantitative methodology, observational, analytical, cross-sectional, carried out in a convenience sampling process. The sample obtained consists of 212 healthcare workers of both sexes, aged between 20 and 66 years. The data obtained were analyzed using the computer program Microsoft Excel. Results After processing and analyzing the data obtained, it was observed that the rate of adherence to vaccination has increased since 2013 (up to 50%) in the 2020-2021 vaccination season. A total of 212 individuals participated in the study, predominantly female (82,1%), aged between 36 and 50 years (38.7%), working at the institution for 1-5 years (23.6%) and without predominance of professional category. The majority of participants consider having a medium/low risk of contracting seasonal flu (60.4%). Sociodemographic characteristics had no influence on risk perception. The main motivation for vaccination against seasonal flu was the context of the COVID-19 pandemic (66,0%), especially in professionals who do not get vaccinated consistently. Only about 39% of participants get vaccinated annually, and the majority (80.7%) plan to be vaccinated in the future. Conclusions The pandemic context accentuated the adherence of healthcare workers to vaccination against seasonal flu, however the current numbers are still below the recommended for the hospital context. Additionally, the perception of the risk of contracting seasonal flu among healthcare workers remains too low, which probably justifies the low rate of adherence to vaccination. Therefore, it is important to continue implementing measures to increase the adherence of healthcare workers to vaccination against seasonal flu. Keywords: Flu, Vaccination, COVID-19, Healthcare workers, Pandemic
{"title":"Vacinação contra a Gripe em Profissionais de Saúde em tempos de Pandemia COVID-19- Motivações e Perceção de Risco","authors":"Maria Garcia, G. Pereira, Sérgio Miguel, S. Miguel","doi":"10.31252/rpso/11.12.2021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31252/rpso/11.12.2021","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Healthcare workers are a group particularly sensitive to the flu virus, as they are potential receptors and transmitters of the virus, and their vaccination is a cornerstone of prevention in the hospital context. Objectives To find out what impact the COVID-19 pandemic had on the perception of risk of contracting an infection by the Influenza virus and on the motivation for vaccination against seasonal flu by healthcare workers at a Central Hospital. Methodology We used a quantitative methodology, observational, analytical, cross-sectional, carried out in a convenience sampling process. The sample obtained consists of 212 healthcare workers of both sexes, aged between 20 and 66 years. The data obtained were analyzed using the computer program Microsoft Excel. Results After processing and analyzing the data obtained, it was observed that the rate of adherence to vaccination has increased since 2013 (up to 50%) in the 2020-2021 vaccination season. A total of 212 individuals participated in the study, predominantly female (82,1%), aged between 36 and 50 years (38.7%), working at the institution for 1-5 years (23.6%) and without predominance of professional category. The majority of participants consider having a medium/low risk of contracting seasonal flu (60.4%). Sociodemographic characteristics had no influence on risk perception. The main motivation for vaccination against seasonal flu was the context of the COVID-19 pandemic (66,0%), especially in professionals who do not get vaccinated consistently. Only about 39% of participants get vaccinated annually, and the majority (80.7%) plan to be vaccinated in the future. Conclusions The pandemic context accentuated the adherence of healthcare workers to vaccination against seasonal flu, however the current numbers are still below the recommended for the hospital context. Additionally, the perception of the risk of contracting seasonal flu among healthcare workers remains too low, which probably justifies the low rate of adherence to vaccination. Therefore, it is important to continue implementing measures to increase the adherence of healthcare workers to vaccination against seasonal flu. Keywords: Flu, Vaccination, COVID-19, Healthcare workers, Pandemic","PeriodicalId":114994,"journal":{"name":"Revista Portuguesa de Saúde Ocupacional","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122508665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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