Advanced Materials最新文献

英文中文

Decoding the Electrodeposition of Zinc Anode With Dynamic Mixed Nucleation Model for Rechargeable Batteries. 用动态混合成核模型解码可充电电池锌阳极电沉积。

IF 29.4 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Advanced Materials

Pub Date : 2026-03-17 DOI: 10.1002/adma.72783

Shunyu Yao,Yang Zhang,Huichao Lu,Jiqiong Liu,Xirui Kong,Ben Chong,Liangyu Wang,Yi Li,Hong Zhu,Jun Yang,Yanna NuLi,Jiulin Wang

Dendrites have posed a significant threat to the cycling life of zinc (Zn) metal batteries in organic electrolyte. The deposition behavior of Zn is largely influenced by the kinetics of electrodeposition, a better understanding of which is crucial but often neglected. In this study, we provide a more refined classification of the electrodeposition and establish a novel mixed nucleation model. By fitting the chronoamperometric curves of the anode under different bias potentials based on mixed nucleation model, the dynamic evolution of the anode nucleation mode over time can be clearly classified. Also, the mixed nucleation model fitting proved that the introduction of antimony (Sb) transformed the electrochemical kinetics of the Zn anode, increasing the nucleation site density and shifting zinc deposition from mostly 3D instantaneous nucleation to uniform progressive nucleation. Consequently, the alloyed Zn exhibits a quasi-2D deposition with predominantly exposed (002) nanocrystalline crystallographic plane. The flat and regular deposition enables excellent performance: steady cycling over 2600 h life at 5 mA cm-2, 5 mAh cm-2 in Zn||Zn symmetric cells; dendrite-free zinc plating/stripping at 99.94% coulombic efficiency in SS||Zn asymmetric cell. The mixed nucleation model may provide new insights for the electrodeposition behavior of metal anodes.

枝晶对锌金属电池在有机电解液中的循环寿命构成了严重威胁。锌的沉积行为在很大程度上受电沉积动力学的影响，对电沉积动力学的更好理解是至关重要的，但往往被忽视。在这项研究中，我们提供了一个更精细的电沉积分类，并建立了一个新的混合成核模型。在混合成核模型的基础上，拟合不同偏压电位下阳极的时间电流曲线，可以清晰地划分阳极成核模式随时间的动态演变。同时，混合成核模型拟合证明锑（Sb）的引入改变了锌阳极的电化学动力学，增加了成核位密度，使锌沉积从主要为三维瞬时成核转变为均匀渐进成核。因此，合金Zn呈现出准二维沉积，主要暴露（002）纳米晶晶体平面。平坦和规则的沉积实现了卓越的性能：在5毫安cm-2, 5毫安cm-2 Zn||Zn对称电池中稳定循环超过2600小时的寿命；在SS||锌不对称电池中以99.94%的库仑效率进行无枝晶镀锌/剥离。混合成核模型为研究金属阳极的电沉积行为提供了新的思路。

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引用次数: 0

Electric-Current-Assisted Nucleation of Zero-Field Hopfion Rings 零场跳跃环的电流辅助成核

IF 29.4 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Advanced Materials

Pub Date : 2026-03-17 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202523417

Xiaowen Chen, Dongsheng Song, Filipp N. Rybakov, Nikolai S. Kiselev, Long Li, Wen Shi, Rui Wu, Xuewen Fu, Olle Eriksson, Stefan Blügel, Rafal E. Dunin-Borkowski, Haifeng Du, Fengshan Zheng

Magnetic hopfions are 3D topological solitons – knotted, vortex-like spin configurations. In chiral magnets, hopfions can appear as isolated structures or they can be linked to skyrmion strings. Previous studies employed a sophisticated protocol and a special sample geometry to nucleate such hopfions linked to one or a few skyrmion strings. Here, we introduce an electric-current-assisted nucleation protocol that is simple and independent of the sample shape and size. The resulting hopfions exhibit extraordinary stability in the presence of both positive and negative magnetic fields, in perfect agreement with micromagnetic simulations. We also present a comprehensive framework for classifying hopfions, skyrmions, and merons by deriving the corresponding homotopy group.

磁跳子是三维拓扑孤子——打结的、旋涡状的自旋构型。在手性磁体中，hopon可以表现为孤立的结构，也可以与skyrmion弦相连。以前的研究采用了一种复杂的方案和一种特殊的样品几何形状来形成这种与一个或几个斯基米子弦相连的希望。在这里，我们介绍了一种简单且与样品形状和尺寸无关的电流辅助成核方案。由此产生的hopfons在正磁场和负磁场的存在下都表现出非凡的稳定性，与微磁模拟完全一致。通过推导相应的同伦群，我们也给出了一个分类hopons、skyrmions和merons的综合框架。

引用次数: 0

Dielectric and Gate Metal Engineering for Threshold Voltage Modulation in Enhancement Mode Monolayer MoS₂ Field Effect Transistors. 增强模式MoS2单层场效应晶体管中阈值电压调制的介电和栅极金属工程。

IF 26.8 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Advanced Materials

Pub Date : 2026-03-17 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202523661

Lixin Liu, Han Yan, Leyi Loh, Kamal Kumar Paul, Soumya Sarkar, Deepnarayan Biswas, Tien-Lin Lee, Takashi Taniguchi, Kenji Watanabe, Manish Chhowalla, Yan Wang

Excellent gate electrostatics in field effect transistors (FETs) based on 2D transition metal dichalcogenide (2D TMD) channels can dramatically decrease static power dissipation. Energy-efficient FETs operate in enhancement mode with a small and positive threshold voltage (V_th) for n-type devices. However, most state-of-the-art FETs based on monolayer MoS₂ channel operate in depletion mode with negative V_th due to doping from the underlying dielectric substrate. In this work, we identify key properties of the semiconductor/dielectric interface (MoS₂ on industrially relevant high dielectric constant (k) HfO₂, ZrO₂ and hBN for reference) responsible for realizing enhancement-mode operation of 2D MoS₂ channel FETs. We find that hBN and ZrO₂ dielectric substrates provide low defect interfaces with MoS₂ that enables effective modulation of the V_th using gate metals of different work functions (WFs). We use photoluminescence (PL) and synchrotron X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements to investigate doping levels in monolayer MoS₂ on different dielectrics with different WF gate metals. We complement the FET and spectroscopic measurements with capacitance-voltage analysis on dielectrics with varying thicknesses, which confirms that V_th modulation in ZrO₂ devices is correlated with WF of the gate metals - in contrast with HfO₂ devices that exhibit signatures of V_th pinning induced by oxide/interface defect states. Finally, we demonstrate FETs using a 2D MoS₂ channel and a 6 nm of ZrO₂ dielectric, achieving a subthreshold swing of 87 mV dec^-1 and a threshold voltage of 0.1 V. Our results offer insights into the role of dielectric/semiconductor interface in 2D MoS₂ based FETs for realizing enhancement mode FETs and highlight the potential of ZrO₂ as a scalable high-k dielectric.

基于二维过渡金属二硫化物（2D TMD）通道的场效应晶体管（fet）具有优异的栅极静电性能，可以显著降低其静态功耗。对于n型器件，高效节能的fet工作在增强模式下，具有小且正的阈值电压（Vth）。然而，大多数最先进的基于单层MoS2沟道的fet由于底层介电衬底的掺杂而工作在负Vth耗尽模式下。在这项工作中，我们确定了半导体/介电界面（MoS2在工业相关的高介电常数(k) HfO2， ZrO2和hBN上作为参考）的关键特性，负责实现2D MoS2通道场效应管的增强模式操作。我们发现hBN和ZrO2介质衬底与MoS2提供低缺陷接口，可以使用不同功函数（WFs）的栅极金属有效调制Vth。我们使用光致发光（PL）和同步加速器x射线光电子能谱（XPS）测量来研究不同介质和不同WF栅极金属在单层MoS2中的掺杂水平。我们通过对不同厚度介质的电容电压分析来补充FET和光谱测量，证实了ZrO2器件中的Vth调制与栅极金属的WF相关，而HfO2器件则表现出由氧化物/界面缺陷状态引起的Vth钉钉特征。最后，我们演示了使用2D MoS2通道和6 nm ZrO2介质的场效应管，实现了87 mV dec-1的亚阈值摆幅和0.1 V的阈值电压。我们的研究结果揭示了介电/半导体界面在二维MoS2基fet中实现增强模式fet中的作用，并突出了ZrO2作为可扩展高k介电材料的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

De Rerum Natura: How Do Halide Perovskites Self-Heal From Damage? 自然恢复：卤化物钙钛矿如何自愈？

IF 29.4 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Advanced Materials

Pub Date : 2026-03-17 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202518808

Davide Raffaele Ceratti, Gary Hodes, David Cahen

By actually addressing the title question, we provide a comprehensive and critical review of self-healing (SH) in lead-based halide perovskites (HaPs), a phenomenon with profound implications for the stability of these materials across all applications, from photovoltaics to light emission and radiation detection. We emphasize reasoning as a guide to interpreting the dynamic balance between degradation and recovery when HaPs are exposed to light, heat, mechanical stress, or radiation. We compile and assess what are, in our view, the most relevant, available reports of damage–healing dynamics, distinguishing verified facts and observations from interpretations and unresolved questions. Key topics include damage accumulation, light soaking, and photo-brightening, as well as the mechanistic roles of lattice dynamics, halide migration, redox chemistry, and acid–base equilibria in the disappearance of defects on accessible time scales. Thus, we go beyond a conventional summary by providing a unifying framework to clarify contradictions in the literature and reveal the underlying principles of reversible damage. By consolidating results that are often scattered into a coherent picture, we strive to establish a foundation for predictive models of SH kinetics, while guiding strategies to stabilize devices. We anticipate that this critical synthesis will serve as an authoritative reference for the metal halide perovskite research field.

通过实际解决标题问题，我们对铅基卤化物钙钛矿（HaPs）的自我修复（SH）进行了全面而批判性的回顾，这种现象对这些材料在从光伏到光发射和辐射检测等所有应用中的稳定性具有深远的影响。当HaPs暴露于光、热、机械应力或辐射时，我们强调推理是解释降解和恢复之间动态平衡的指导。我们汇编和评估在我们看来最相关的、可获得的关于损伤愈合动力学的报告，将已证实的事实和观察与解释和未解决的问题区分开来。关键主题包括损伤积累、光浸泡和光增亮，以及晶格动力学、卤化物迁移、氧化还原化学和酸碱平衡在可达时间尺度上缺陷消失中的机制作用。因此，我们超越了传统的总结，通过提供一个统一的框架来澄清文献中的矛盾，并揭示可逆损伤的基本原则。通过将经常分散的结果整合到一个连贯的图像中，我们努力建立SH动力学预测模型的基础，同时指导稳定设备的策略。我们期望这一关键合成将为金属卤化物钙钛矿研究领域提供权威参考。

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引用次数: 0

Submicron Structure Confined Polymers for High-Performance Intrinsically Stretchable Light-Emitting Diodes (Adv. Mater. 16/2026) 高性能内在可拉伸发光二极管的亚微米结构限制聚合物（Adv. Mater. 16/2026）

IF 29.4 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Advanced Materials

Pub Date : 2026-03-17 DOI: 10.1002/adma.72673

Wenkang Shi, Chunyu Hua, Yanyan Cao, Wang Liu, Yudong Liu, Jianzhe Sun, Ankang Guo, Mingcong Qin, Chengyu Wang, Yangshuang Bian, Wei Wen, Yuxin Liu, Fuyi Wang, Chao Ma, Jianpu Wang, Kai Liu, Jing Hua, Junyu Li, Zhiyuan Zhao, Yunlong Guo, Yunqi Liu

Intrinsically Stretchable PLED Arrays

本质上可拉伸的PLED数组

引用次数: 0

Benzonitrile-Based Electrolyte with Tighter Aggregate Solvation Structure Enables Ultralong Cycling and High-Rate 4.5 V Lithium Metal Batteries. 具有更紧密聚集体溶剂化结构的苯腈基电解质可实现超长循环和高倍率4.5 V锂金属电池。

IF 29.4 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Advanced Materials

Pub Date : 2026-03-17 DOI: 10.1002/adma.72819

Chuan Luo,Chunpeng Ning,Xuehai Huang,Tianrui Huang,Yu Wang,Zhenxing Liang,Kan Yue

Nitrile-based electrolytes offer exceptional oxidative stability for high-voltage cathodes but suffer from reductive instability at lithium metal anodes (LMAs) and poor rate capability. Herein, we report a molecular engineering strategy to overcome these limitations by introducing a benzonitrile-based electrolyte (BNE) to realize long-cycling, high-voltage, and high-rate LMBs. We leverage the unique molecular features of benzonitrile (BN), where the cyano groups dynamically coordinate lithium ions (Li+), the electron-deficient phenyl groups interact weakly with anions, and crucially, the bulky BN molecules compress the Li+ solvation sheath through a spatial site-blocking effect. The steric demand imposed by BN during Li+ solvation, coupled with its ability to simultaneously coordinate Li+ and interact with anions, induces a tighter aggregate (t-AGG) solvation structure, which is confirmed by various spectroscopic techniques and molecular dynamics simulations. Mechanistically, the t-AGG solvation structure eliminates most free BN molecules for enhanced stability at LMAs, accelerates Li+ transport kinetics via increased hopping frequency, and promotes an anion-derived solid-electrolyte interphase. Consequently, BNE enables a 4.5 V NCM811||Li cell to achieve 500 cycles with 80% capacity retention at 5C, setting a benchmark for nitrile-based LMBs. This work provides fundamental insights for designing high-performance nitrile-based electrolytes via precise solvation structure engineering for LMBs.

丁腈基电解质在高压阴极中具有优异的氧化稳定性，但在锂金属阳极（lma）中存在还原不稳定性和速率能力差的问题。在此，我们报告了一种分子工程策略，通过引入苯腈基电解质（BNE）来克服这些限制，实现长循环，高电压和高速率的lmb。我们利用了苯腈（BN）独特的分子特征，其中氰基动态配位锂离子（Li+），缺电子的苯基与阴离子相互作用弱，至关重要的是，体积庞大的BN分子通过空间位点阻断效应压缩Li+溶剂化鞘。BN在Li+溶剂化过程中施加的空间需求，加上其同时配位Li+并与阴离子相互作用的能力，诱导了更紧密的聚合体（t-AGG）溶剂化结构，各种光谱技术和分子动力学模拟证实了这一点。从机理上说，t-AGG溶剂化结构消除了大多数游离BN分子，增强了LMAs的稳定性，通过增加跳频加速了Li+的运输动力学，并促进了阴离子衍生的固体电解质间相。因此，BNE使4.5 V NCM811||锂电池能够在5C下实现500次循环并保持80%的容量，为腈基lmb设定了基准。这项工作为通过lmb的精确溶剂化结构工程设计高性能腈基电解质提供了基础见解。

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引用次数: 0

Inter-Atomic Synergy on Single-Atom Alloy Promotes Cyclohexanone Oxime Electrosynthesis 单原子合金原子间协同作用促进环己酮肟电合成

IF 29.4 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Advanced Materials

Pub Date : 2026-03-17 DOI: 10.1002/adma.72807

Panlong Zhai, Chen Wang, Guan Sheng, Chao Ye, Jungang Hou, Qinfen Gu, Tao Ling, Ye Zhu, Pei Liang, Xin Wang, Jieqiong Shan

The electrosynthesis of cyclohexanone oxime from cyclohexanone and nitrogenous feedstock driven by renewable electricity presents a sustainable alternative to energy-intensive and hazardous industrial processes. However, achieving high activity and selectivity is challenged by the over-reduction of key intermediates and the lack of effective sites for C─N coupling. Herein, we report a Fe₁Bi single-atom alloy (Fe₁Bi SAA) featuring Fe-Bi atomic interfaces that collaborate for the one-pot electrosynthesis of cyclohexanone oxime. The Fe₁Bi SAA achieves a remarkable Faradaic efficiency of 70.9% and a yield rate of 0.94 mmol cm⁻² h⁻¹ for cyclohexanone oxime. Combined in situ electrochemical spectroscopic measurements and density functional theory calculations reveal an atomic-scale synergistic mechanism: dispersed Fe sites adsorb and activate cyclohexanone, while adjacent Bi sites selectively reduce nitrite to the key hydroxylamine intermediate. The techno-economic analysis based on flow electrolyzer operation confirms the potential economic viability of the electrosynthesis of cyclohexanone oxime. This work provides profound atomic-level insight into cooperative catalysis for C─N coupling reactions toward the electrosynthesis of value-added organonitrogen compounds.

以环己酮和含氮原料为原料，在可再生电力的驱动下电合成环己酮肟，为能源密集型和危险工业过程提供了一种可持续的替代方案。然而，实现高活性和选择性受到关键中间体过度还原和缺乏有效的C─N偶联位点的挑战。本文报道了一种Fe1Bi单原子合金（Fe1Bi SAA），该合金具有Fe-Bi原子界面，可用于一锅电合成环己酮肟。Fe1Bi SAA对环己酮肟的法拉第效率为70.9%，产率为0.94 mmol cm−2 h−1。结合原位电化学光谱测量和密度泛函理论计算揭示了原子尺度的协同机制：分散的Fe位点吸附并激活环己酮，而相邻的Bi位点选择性地将亚硝酸盐还原为关键的羟胺中间体。通过流动电解槽运行的技术经济分析，证实了电合成环己酮肟的潜在经济可行性。这项工作为电合成增值有机氮化合物的C─N偶联反应的协同催化提供了深刻的原子水平的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Point-Excitation Wide-Field Upconversion Imaging via a Holographic Polymer Waveguide. 基于全息聚合物波导的点激发宽场上转换成像。

IF 29.4 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Advanced Materials

Pub Date : 2026-03-17 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202521024

Yue Zhang,Dengfu Lu,Ying Ma,Yonggui Liao,Xingping Zhou,Zhong'an Li,Haiyan Peng,Xiaolin Xie

Organizing upconversion functionality into an integrated material system holds great promise for high-security encryption and data diversification. However, the practical application of facile upconversion imaging has long been hindered by its limited active area. Herein, we address this challenge by designing a holographic polymer waveguide composed of liquid crystals (LCs) and dithienylethene (DTE) as the high-refractive-index phase, with a polymer matrix embedded with upconversion nanoparticles serving as the low-refractive-index phase. This design enables the transformation of upconversion emission from a localized point to a macroscopic area, expanding the imaging region by up to 225 times. Mechanistic studies reveal that the synergy between LCs and DTE is crucial: the high-refractive-index LCs facilitate waveguiding, while DTE promotes the formation of well-defined holographic waveguide structures. Beyond this conceptual advance, the holographic polymer waveguide has successfully enabled triple-mode image encryption-integrating solidified holograms with rewritable upconversion and photochromic images-thereby opening new avenues for high-security anticounterfeiting technologies.

将上转换功能组织到一个集成的材料系统中，对于高安全性加密和数据多样化具有很大的希望。然而，简易上转换成像的实际应用一直受到其活动面积有限的制约。为此，我们设计了一种由液晶（lc）和二乙烯（DTE）组成的全息聚合物波导作为高折射率相，嵌入上转换纳米颗粒的聚合物基质作为低折射率相。该设计使上转换发射从局部点转变为宏观区域，将成像区域扩大了225倍。机理研究表明，lc和DTE之间的协同作用至关重要：高折射率lc促进波导，而DTE促进形成明确的全息波导结构。除了这一概念上的进步，全息聚合物波导还成功地实现了三模图像加密——将固化全息图与可重写的上转换和光致变色图像集成在一起——从而为高安全性防伪技术开辟了新的途径。

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引用次数: 0

Chiral Acoustic Phonon and Conservation of Pseudoangular Momentum in α-Quartz (Adv. Mater. 16/2026) α-石英中手性声子与伪角动量守恒（vol . vol . 16/2026）

IF 29.4 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Advanced Materials

Pub Date : 2026-03-17 DOI: 10.1002/adma.72681

Changsoo Kim, In-Kook Hwang, Kyoung-Woong Moon, Kyongmo An, Kyung-Jin Lee, Jae-Hyeon Ko, Byong-Guk Park, Kwang-Yong Choi, Chanyong Hwang

Chiral Acoustic Phonons

手性声子

引用次数: 0

Multifunctional Fluidic Units for Emergent, Responsive Robotic Behaviors (Adv. Mater. 16/2026) 用于紧急响应机器人行为的多功能流体单元（Adv. Mater. 16/2026）

IF 29.4 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Advanced Materials

Pub Date : 2026-03-17 DOI: 10.1002/adma.72678

Mostafa Mousa, Alberto Comoretto, Johannes T.B. Overvelde, Antonio E. Forte

Soft Robots

柔软的机器人

引用次数: 0

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