Metal phthalocyanines are one of the most promising candidates to be used in the fabrication of such devices. Among various phthalocyanines, Iron Hexadecachloro Phthalocyanine (Cl16FePc) has received less attention. Basic characteristics of Cl16FePc are not reported in literature. Hexadecacholoro phthalocyanines have attracted interest as possible n-type organic semiconductor with high electron mobility and good stability characteristics. In the present work we investigate the optical band gap of the Cl16FePc thin films from the optical absorption spectrum as a function of air annealing temperatures and their suitability for the fabrication of molecular electronic devices. Some optical properties of the samples were studied as a function of γ-radiation doses also. Optical transition is found to be of direct type and optical band gaps are determined by analyzing the absorption spectrum. Vacuum sublimed thin films of Iron hexadecachloro phthalocyanine were prepared at room temperature onto glass substrates at a base pressure of 10-5 Torr on precleaned glass substrates using Hind Hivac 12A4 coating plant. The optical energy band gap Eg were calculated. The mechanism of optical absorption follow the rule of direct transition. In the present paper we also report refractive index, real and imaginary parts of optical dielectric constant etc. from the reflectance measurements.
{"title":"Influence of Air Annealing and Gamma Ray Irradiation on the Optical Properties of Cl16FePc Thin Films","authors":"R. Koshy, C. S. Menon","doi":"10.1155/2012/726415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/726415","url":null,"abstract":"Metal phthalocyanines are one of the most promising candidates to be used in the fabrication of such devices. Among various phthalocyanines, Iron Hexadecachloro Phthalocyanine (Cl16FePc) has received less attention. Basic characteristics of Cl16FePc are not reported in literature. Hexadecacholoro phthalocyanines have attracted interest as possible n-type organic semiconductor with high electron mobility and good stability characteristics. In the present work we investigate the optical band gap of the Cl16FePc thin films from the optical absorption spectrum as a function of air annealing temperatures and their suitability for the fabrication of molecular electronic devices. Some optical properties of the samples were studied as a function of γ-radiation doses also. Optical transition is found to be of direct type and optical band gaps are determined by analyzing the absorption spectrum. Vacuum sublimed thin films of Iron hexadecachloro phthalocyanine were prepared at room temperature onto glass substrates at a base pressure of 10-5 Torr on precleaned glass substrates using Hind Hivac 12A4 coating plant. The optical energy band gap Eg were calculated. The mechanism of optical absorption follow the rule of direct transition. In the present paper we also report refractive index, real and imaginary parts of optical dielectric constant etc. from the reflectance measurements.","PeriodicalId":11519,"journal":{"name":"E-journal of Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2012/726415","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64347497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lead is considered as a general protoplasmic poison which is cumulative and slow acting. It is used in different industrial processes. Its contamination in water may cause serious environmental problems. So removal of lead from environment is very necessary. For its removal the most suitable and cheapest process is biosorption. It is a process of passive metal binding by biomass. The biosorbent used in this study is teleosts biomass (fish scales) collected from local market. The purpose of this study is to search the effect of acid treatment on biosorbent and to optimize conditions for the uptake capacity of biosorbent. The optimal conditions for the Pb2
{"title":"Removal of Lead from Synthetic Solutions by Protonated Teleosts Biomass","authors":"M. Ashraf, M. J. Maah, I. Yusoff","doi":"10.1155/2012/769180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/769180","url":null,"abstract":"Lead is considered as a general protoplasmic poison which is cumulative and slow acting. It is used in different industrial processes. Its contamination in water may cause serious environmental problems. So removal of lead from environment is very necessary. For its removal the most suitable and cheapest process is biosorption. It is a process of passive metal binding by biomass. The biosorbent used in this study is teleosts biomass (fish scales) collected from local market. The purpose of this study is to search the effect of acid treatment on biosorbent and to optimize conditions for the uptake capacity of biosorbent. The optimal conditions for the Pb2","PeriodicalId":11519,"journal":{"name":"E-journal of Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2012/769180","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64352137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To determinate the mineral elements contents in millet，maise，oat，buckwheat，sorghum and purple rice, microwave digestion procedure optimized was applied for digesting six coarse grains. Nineteen mineral element concentrations were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Results displayed the limits of detection (LODs) and the limits of quantification (LOQs) range from 0.0047 to 0.1250 μg/mL and 0.0155 to 0.4125 μg/mL. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) range from 0.83% to 5.03%, which showed that this proposed method was accurate and precise to detect mineral elements in coarse grains simultaneously. Correlation coefficients (r) were calculated in the range of 0.999096-0.999989. The sufficient dada obtained described that the coarse grains selected were abundant in mineral element contents in the human body on daily diet. The success of combining the microwave digestion technology with the ICP-AES was a simple and precise method to determine many mineral elements in coarse grains simultaneously.
{"title":"Determination of Mineral Elements of Some Coarse Grains by Microwave Digestion with Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry","authors":"Li Yang, Qinghua Yan, Yinping Cao, Hui-rong Zhang","doi":"10.1155/2012/869297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/869297","url":null,"abstract":"To determinate the mineral elements contents in millet，maise，oat，buckwheat，sorghum and purple rice, microwave digestion procedure optimized was applied for digesting six coarse grains. Nineteen mineral element concentrations were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Results displayed the limits of detection (LODs) and the limits of quantification (LOQs) range from 0.0047 to 0.1250 μg/mL and 0.0155 to 0.4125 μg/mL. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) range from 0.83% to 5.03%, which showed that this proposed method was accurate and precise to detect mineral elements in coarse grains simultaneously. Correlation coefficients (r) were calculated in the range of 0.999096-0.999989. The sufficient dada obtained described that the coarse grains selected were abundant in mineral element contents in the human body on daily diet. The success of combining the microwave digestion technology with the ICP-AES was a simple and precise method to determine many mineral elements in coarse grains simultaneously.","PeriodicalId":11519,"journal":{"name":"E-journal of Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2012/869297","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64362498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A novel Schiff base 2-{(E)-((2,4- dichlorophenyl)imino)methyl}phenol (LB) was synthesized from the condensation reaction of 2,4-dichloroaniline with salicyladehyde in (1:1) ratio in the presence of glacial acetic acid as catalyst. Complexation reaction of this Schiff base with copper (II), cobalt (II) as nitrate salts and with Rhodium (III) as chloride salt to produce three coordinate metal complexes, with a Schiff base: Metal ion ratio of 2:1. These compounds have been characterized by a variety of physico-chemical and spectroscopic techniques. The ligand and its metal complexes were expected to show an interesting bioactivity and cytotoxicity.
{"title":"Synthesis, Characterization and Spectroscopic Studies of A Novel 2-((E)-((2,4- dichlorophenyl)imino)methyl)phenol Schiff Base and Its Metal Complexes","authors":"E. Shamkhy, I. Al-Karkhi","doi":"10.1155/2012/928162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/928162","url":null,"abstract":"A novel Schiff base 2-{(E)-((2,4- dichlorophenyl)imino)methyl}phenol (LB) was synthesized from the condensation reaction of 2,4-dichloroaniline with salicyladehyde in (1:1) ratio in the presence of glacial acetic acid as catalyst. Complexation reaction of this Schiff base with copper (II), cobalt (II) as nitrate salts and with Rhodium (III) as chloride salt to produce three coordinate metal complexes, with a Schiff base: Metal ion ratio of 2:1. These compounds have been characterized by a variety of physico-chemical and spectroscopic techniques. The ligand and its metal complexes were expected to show an interesting bioactivity and cytotoxicity.","PeriodicalId":11519,"journal":{"name":"E-journal of Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2012/928162","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64368585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Novel Cu(II),Ni(II) and VO(II) complexes are synthesized with N1,N4-bis(2-aminobenzylidene)benzene-1,4-diamine (L). Complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductance, IR, UV and EPR. Spectral studies reveals a square planner geomentry for Cu(II), Ni(II) complexes and square pyramidal for VO(II) complex. The ligand and its complexes were also evaluated against the growth of gram positive bacteria and gram negative bacteria.
{"title":"Antibacterial Activity of Macrocyclic Complexes of Cu(II), Ni(II) and VO(II) Derived from o-Aminobenzaldehyde","authors":"K. Anuradha, R. Rajavel","doi":"10.1155/2012/953727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/953727","url":null,"abstract":"Novel Cu(II),Ni(II) and VO(II) complexes are synthesized with N1,N4-bis(2-aminobenzylidene)benzene-1,4-diamine (L). Complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductance, IR, UV and EPR. Spectral studies reveals a square planner geomentry for Cu(II), Ni(II) complexes and square pyramidal for VO(II) complex. The ligand and its complexes were also evaluated against the growth of gram positive bacteria and gram negative bacteria.","PeriodicalId":11519,"journal":{"name":"E-journal of Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2012/953727","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64370555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Activated carbon monoliths disc and honeycomb type were prepared by chemical activation of coconut shell with zinc chloride at different concentrations, without using a binder. The structures were characterized by N2 adsorption at 77 K and immersion calorimetry into benzene. The experimental results showed that the activation with zinc chloride produces a wide microporous development, with micropore volume between 0,38 and 0,79 cm3g-1, apparent BET surface area between 725 and 1523 m2g-1 and immersion enthalpy between 73,5 and 164,2 Jg-1. We compared the experimental enthalpy with calculated enthalpy by equation Stoeckli-Kraehenbuehl finding a data dispersion from which can infer that the structures are not purely microporous; this fact is ratified with similar behavior that the evidence t the product EoWo.
{"title":"Determination of Energy Characteristic and Microporous Volume by Immersion Calorimetry in Carbon Monoliths","authors":"J. Moreno-Piraján, L. Giraldo, D. P. Vargas","doi":"10.1155/2012/976275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/976275","url":null,"abstract":"Activated carbon monoliths disc and honeycomb type were prepared by chemical activation of coconut shell with zinc chloride at different concentrations, without using a binder. The structures were characterized by N2 adsorption at 77 K and immersion calorimetry into benzene. The experimental results showed that the activation with zinc chloride produces a wide microporous development, with micropore volume between 0,38 and 0,79 cm3g-1, apparent BET surface area between 725 and 1523 m2g-1 and immersion enthalpy between 73,5 and 164,2 Jg-1. We compared the experimental enthalpy with calculated enthalpy by equation Stoeckli-Kraehenbuehl finding a data dispersion from which can infer that the structures are not purely microporous; this fact is ratified with similar behavior that the evidence t the product EoWo.","PeriodicalId":11519,"journal":{"name":"E-journal of Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2012/976275","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64372581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Bhinge, S. Malipatil, A. Jondhale, R. Hirave, A. Savali
The present manuscript describes the development and validation of an isocratic reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method for the estimation of Atorvastatin calcium and Fenofibrate in raw material and tablet. Atorvastatin Calcium, Fenofibrate and Diclofenac (internal standard) were well separated using a reversed phase column and mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile:KH2PO4 (50 mM) (72:28 v/v) (pH 4.1). The mobile phase was pumped at 1.0 mL/min flow rate and atorvastatin calcium and fenofibrate were detected by UV-Vis detection at 260 nm. The retention time for atorvastatin calcium, Internal Standard and fenofibrate were 4.34, 5.35 and 12.05 min, respectively. The LOD and LOQ was found to be 1.95 and 4.80 µg/mL for atorvastatin calcium whereas for fenofibrate it was found to be 1.73 and 3.98 µg/mL in mobile phase. The developed method was validated by applying parameters as precision, accuracy, selectivity, reproducibility and system suitability tests.
{"title":"A New Approach to the RP-HPLC Method for Simultaneous Estimation of Atorvastatin Calcium and Fenofibrate in Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms","authors":"S. Bhinge, S. Malipatil, A. Jondhale, R. Hirave, A. Savali","doi":"10.1155/2012/171250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/171250","url":null,"abstract":"The present manuscript describes the development and validation of an isocratic reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method for the estimation of Atorvastatin calcium and Fenofibrate in raw material and tablet. Atorvastatin Calcium, Fenofibrate and Diclofenac (internal standard) were well separated using a reversed phase column and mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile:KH2PO4 (50 mM) (72:28 v/v) (pH 4.1). The mobile phase was pumped at 1.0 mL/min flow rate and atorvastatin calcium and fenofibrate were detected by UV-Vis detection at 260 nm. The retention time for atorvastatin calcium, Internal Standard and fenofibrate were 4.34, 5.35 and 12.05 min, respectively. The LOD and LOQ was found to be 1.95 and 4.80 µg/mL for atorvastatin calcium whereas for fenofibrate it was found to be 1.73 and 3.98 µg/mL in mobile phase. The developed method was validated by applying parameters as precision, accuracy, selectivity, reproducibility and system suitability tests.","PeriodicalId":11519,"journal":{"name":"E-journal of Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2012/171250","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64298514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
2-Substituted benzimidazoles were synthesized in a single pot from aromatic aldehydes and o-phenylenediamine catalyzed by FeCl3/ Al2O3 in DMF at ambient temperature attained good yields and high selectivity.
{"title":"Facile and Selective Synthesis of 2-Substituted Benzimidazoles Catalyzed by FeCl3/ Al2O3","authors":"Guofeng Chen, Xiao-Yun Dong","doi":"10.1155/2012/197174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/197174","url":null,"abstract":"2-Substituted benzimidazoles were synthesized in a single pot from aromatic aldehydes and o-phenylenediamine catalyzed by FeCl3/ Al2O3 in DMF at ambient temperature attained good yields and high selectivity.","PeriodicalId":11519,"journal":{"name":"E-journal of Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2012/197174","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64301988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A series of elongated Schiff base esters containing three aromatic rings with hexadecanoyl chain as one of the terminal group and various R substituents (R = CN, OH, SH, and NO2) at the other end of molecule were prepared, and their structures were confirmed via physical measurement. The thermotropic properties of these compounds were investigated via differential scanning calorimetry and polarizing optical microscopy. The thermal data indicate that all of these compounds exhibit mesomorphic properties. Whilst compounds with R = OH, SH and NO2 show nematic phases, compound containing cyano substituent are smectogenic in nature.
{"title":"Synthesis and Thermotropic Properties of Some New Schiff Bases, N-(4-(4-n-Alkanoyloxybenzoyloxy)-2- Hydroxybenzylidene)-4-Cyano-, 4-Hydroxy-, 4-Thio- and 4-Nitroanilines","authors":"S. Ha, G. Yeap, P. Boey","doi":"10.1155/2012/276327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/276327","url":null,"abstract":"A series of elongated Schiff base esters containing three aromatic rings with hexadecanoyl chain as one of the terminal group and various R substituents (R = CN, OH, SH, and NO2) at the other end of molecule were prepared, and their structures were confirmed via physical measurement. The thermotropic properties of these compounds were investigated via differential scanning calorimetry and polarizing optical microscopy. The thermal data indicate that all of these compounds exhibit mesomorphic properties. Whilst compounds with R = OH, SH and NO2 show nematic phases, compound containing cyano substituent are smectogenic in nature.","PeriodicalId":11519,"journal":{"name":"E-journal of Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2012/276327","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64308845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Series of N-(5-(Substituted phenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-amine compounds were prepared by reaction of 4-amino-1,2,4-Triazole with Acetyl Chloride followed by different aromatic aldehydes and cyclization with hydrazine hydrate. The structures of new compounds were confirmed by IR and 1H-NMR spectral data. Anti-bacterial and Anti-fungal activities were evaluated and compared with the standard drugs, some compounds of the series exhibited promising anti-microbial and anti-fungal activity compared to standard drugs.
{"title":"Synthesis, Anti-Bacterial and Anti-Fungal Evaluation of Pyrazoline Derivatives","authors":"Ashvin D. Panchal, P. Patel","doi":"10.1155/2012/458035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/458035","url":null,"abstract":"The Series of N-(5-(Substituted phenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-amine compounds were prepared by reaction of 4-amino-1,2,4-Triazole with Acetyl Chloride followed by different aromatic aldehydes and cyclization with hydrazine hydrate. The structures of new compounds were confirmed by IR and 1H-NMR spectral data. Anti-bacterial and Anti-fungal activities were evaluated and compared with the standard drugs, some compounds of the series exhibited promising anti-microbial and anti-fungal activity compared to standard drugs.","PeriodicalId":11519,"journal":{"name":"E-journal of Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2012/458035","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64323526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：