Engineering Geology最新文献

In-situ and experimental investigations of the failure characteristics of surrounding rock through granites with biotite interlayers in a tunnel 隧道中带有生物岩夹层的花岗岩围岩破坏特征的现场和实验研究

IF 6.9 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, GEOLOGICAL

Engineering Geology

Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2024.107816

Wei Zhang , Lei Hu , Zhi-Bin Yao , Yong-Run Xiong , Jun Zhao , Tao Ma , Song Chen , Zhe Xu

Significant differences in the failure characteristics of surrounding rocks caused by complex lithologies and geological conditions have been observed in deep tunnels. In this work, a failure involving rockburst and collapse observed in a deep tunnel excavated by a tunnel boring machine (TBM) was introduced. The in-situ failure characteristics of granite with biotite interlayers with different biotite contents and particle sizes were studied via field investigations and mineral composition analysis. The microseismic activity characteristics and fracture mechanisms at different failure zones were analyzed. The strength, failure, acoustic emission (AE) and brittleness characteristics of these types of granites were studied via true triaxial compression tests. The results showed that the biotite granite with biotite interlayers is prone to rockburst and that high-intensity rockburst may occur with less energy than in the intact biotite granite area. The rock fractures are mainly tensile failures, even in the biotite interlayer area. In contrast, the feldspar biotite schist surrounding rock is prone to collapse regardless of whether it contains biotite interlayers. The number of microseismic events during this collapse is relatively small, but the energy is relatively high compared with that of the rockburst at the biotite granite with biotite interlayers. The true triaxial strength and brittleness of the granite samples gradually decrease with increasing biotite content. The biotite granite exhibits very high AE activity, so it is prone to rockburst. The AE activity of medium-coarse grained monzogranite is relatively low; thus, both rockburst and collapse may occur. The strength, brittleness, and AE activity of feldspar biotite schist are very low, and its failure mode is mainly collapse. This study elucidates the typical failure modes and characteristics of different granites with biotite interlayers and can provide a basis and guidance for targeted failure warning and mitigation in tunnels with similar lithologies and geological conditions.

在深层隧道中观察到，由于岩性和地质条件复杂，围岩的破坏特征存在显著差异。在这项工作中，介绍了在隧道掘进机（TBM）挖掘的深层隧道中观察到的涉及岩石爆裂和坍塌的破坏情况。通过现场调查和矿物成分分析，研究了具有不同生物岩含量和粒度的生物岩夹层的花岗岩的原位破坏特征。分析了不同破坏带的微震活动特征和断裂机制。通过真实三轴压缩试验研究了这些类型花岗岩的强度、破坏、声发射（AE）和脆性特征。结果表明，带有生物岩夹层的生物花岗岩容易发生岩爆，而且与完整的生物花岗岩区域相比，高强度岩爆可能以较小的能量发生。岩石断裂主要是拉伸破坏，即使在生物岩夹层区域也是如此。相比之下，无论是否含有生物岩夹层，长石生物片岩围岩都容易发生崩塌。这种坍塌过程中的微震次数相对较少，但能量却相对较高，与有生物岩夹层的生物花岗岩的岩爆相比有过之而无不及。花岗岩样本的真实三轴强度和脆性随着生物岩含量的增加而逐渐降低。生物花岗岩表现出极高的 AE 活性，因此容易发生岩爆。中粗粒独居岩的 AE 活性相对较低，因此可能发生岩爆和崩塌。长石生物片岩的强度、脆性和 AE 活性都很低，其破坏模式主要是崩塌。本研究阐明了不同花岗岩生物岩夹层的典型破坏模式和特征，可为具有类似岩性和地质条件的隧道进行有针对性的破坏预警和缓解提供依据和指导。

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引用次数: 0

Evolution characteristics of mining-induced fractures in overburden strata under close-multi coal seams mining based on optical fiber monitoring 基于光纤监测的近多煤层开采条件下覆盖层开采诱发裂缝的演化特征

IF 6.9 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, GEOLOGICAL

Engineering Geology

Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2024.107802

Yiwei Ren , Qiang Yuan , Jie Chen , Ze Wang , Dingding Zhang , Shujun Li

Large-scale mining fractures resulting from repeated mining are a major cause of surface water loss in the northern Shaanxi mining area, China. Accurately detecting the evolution of mining-induced fractures is crucial for addressing the fragile ecological environment and ensuring coalmine production safety in this area. This study focuses on the close-multi coal seams mining at the Ningtiaota coalmine, northern Shaanxi, China, investigating the failure types of overburden rock, the evolution of mining-induced fractures, and the height of fracture zones. The results indicate that the failure type of overburden strata transforms from a “trapezoid shape” to an “overlapping trapezoid shape”, with the fracture zone height extending from 64.5 m to 158.5 m due to the superposition of secondary mining. Furthermore, the evolution characteristics of mining-induced fractures shift from a “three-stage and three-step” model to a “three-stage and two-step” model. A characterization model of overburden deformation based on optical fiber sensing is proposed to effectively describe the strain distribution characteristics of overburden failure. This model reveals the spatiotemporal evolution of overburden deformation from the perspective of “horizontal three areas and vertical three zones”, enabling real-time characterization of overburden deformation. The results demonstrate a relative error of less than 5.0 % between optical fiber monitoring and other methods, excluding theoretical calculations. This study offers a technical solution for detecting mining-induced fractures in the northern Shaanxi mining area and holds significant implications for broader studies of overburden deformation and failure under repeated mining.

在中国陕北矿区，反复开采造成的大面积采空断裂是地表水流失的主要原因。准确探测采矿引起的裂隙演化，对于解决该地区脆弱的生态环境和确保煤矿安全生产至关重要。本研究以陕北宁条塔煤矿近多层煤开采为研究对象，探讨了覆岩的破坏类型、开采诱发裂隙的演化过程以及裂隙带的高度。结果表明，由于二次开采的叠加作用，覆盖层的破坏类型由 "梯形 "转变为 "重叠梯形"，断裂带高度由64.5米扩展到158.5米。此外，采矿诱发断裂的演化特征也从 "三段三步 "模式转变为 "三段两步 "模式。提出了一种基于光纤传感的覆岩变形表征模型，以有效描述覆岩破坏的应变分布特征。该模型从 "横向三区、纵向三带 "的角度揭示了覆土变形的时空演化过程，实现了覆土变形的实时表征。结果表明，除去理论计算，光纤监测与其他方法的相对误差小于 5.0%。这项研究为检测陕北矿区采矿诱发的裂缝提供了技术解决方案，对更广泛地研究重复采矿条件下的覆土变形和破坏具有重要意义。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluating the chain of uncertainties in the 3D geological modelling workflow 评估三维地质建模工作流程中的不确定性链

IF 6.9 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, GEOLOGICAL

Engineering Geology

Pub Date : 2024-11-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2024.107792

A.S. Høyer, P.B.E. Sandersen, L.T. Andersen, R.B. Madsen, M.H. Mortensen, I. Møller

Geological models are used for a range of applications relevant for engineering geology and the demands for reliable geological models with realistic uncertainty assessments are therefore increasing. The geological modelling workflow is divided into multiple steps, each associated with uncertainties. Often however, many of these sources of uncertainty are overlooked, which may lead to an underestimation of the uncertainties of the final model. The main reason is that most of the steps in the geological modelling workflow are subjective to some degree. Thus, the possible sources of uncertainty in geological modelling are theoretically infinite, and without a trustworthy conceptual model to outline the expected geological structures and lithologies, the uncertainty assessment of the resulting model will likewise be unreliable. In this paper, we describe the chain of uncertainties in the geological modelling workflow and showcase some of the most important sources of uncertainties through practical modelling examples from two different model areas. The paper also presents and discuss a method to conduct qualitative uncertainty assessment, which is conducted by the modeler and based on expert evaluation and prioritization of the different sources of uncertainty. The practical use of the uncertainty assessment method is exemplified in the last two examples, representing a local-scale and a large-scale model, respectively. All four examples are from Danish geological models that have been constructed as interpretation-based layer-models. However, the considerations regarding the uncertainties in the chain of the geological modelling workflow are useful regardless of the modelling method.

地质模型被用于与工程地质相关的一系列应用中，因此对可靠的地质模型和现实的不确定性评估的需求也在不断增加。地质建模工作流程分为多个步骤，每个步骤都与不确定性有关。然而，许多不确定性来源往往被忽视，这可能会导致低估最终模型的不确定性。主要原因是地质建模工作流程中的大多数步骤在某种程度上都是主观的。因此，地质建模中可能存在的不确定性来源在理论上是无限的，如果没有一个可靠的概念模型来勾勒预期的地质结构和岩性，那么对最终模型的不确定性评估同样也是不可靠的。在本文中，我们描述了地质建模工作流程中的不确定性链，并通过两个不同模型领域的实际建模案例展示了一些最重要的不确定性来源。本文还介绍并讨论了一种进行定性不确定性评估的方法，该方法由建模人员进行，基于专家对不同不确定性来源的评估和优先排序。不确定性评估方法的实际应用在最后两个例子中得到了体现，这两个例子分别代表了一个局部尺度模型和一个大尺度模型。所有四个例子都来自丹麦的地质模型，这些模型是作为基于解释的层模型构建的。然而，无论采用哪种建模方法，对地质建模工作流程链中不确定性的考虑都是有用的。

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引用次数: 0

Thermal and mechanical impact of artificial ground-freezing on deep excavation stability in Nakdong River Deltaic deposits 人工地冻对洛东江三角洲沉积深层挖掘稳定性的热影响和力学影响

IF 6.9 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, GEOLOGICAL

Engineering Geology

Pub Date : 2024-11-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2024.107796

Sangyeong Park , Youngjin Son , Jae-guem Kim , Dong-Jin Won , Hangseok Choi

This paper presents a case study of deep excavation using the artificial ground freezing (AGF) method for tunnel restoration work in the Nakdong River deltaic deposits. The study involved detailed construction monitoring and data analysis to assess the thermal and mechanical impacts on surrounding ground and underground structures. Factors influencing heat transfer were identified and evaluated for their effect on ground temperature distribution. The excavation and frost expansion of the ground led to unique lateral deformation of the diaphragm wall. However, the frozen soil effectively resisted earth pressure and suppressed deformation of the wall. The axial stress applied to the braced strut was closely related to the deformation of the diaphragm wall and was influenced by both excavation-induced and frost-expansion pressures. Boreholes near the frozen soil functioned as stress-relief holes, enhancing excavation stability. These comprehensive findings enhance the understanding of AGF techniques and their impact on complex deltaic geological conditions and adjacent structures.

本文介绍了在洛东江三角洲沉积层隧道修复工程中使用人工地面冻结法（AGF）进行深层挖掘的案例研究。研究涉及详细的施工监测和数据分析，以评估对周围地面和地下结构的热影响和机械影响。确定了影响传热的因素，并评估了这些因素对地面温度分布的影响。地面的开挖和冻胀导致地下连续墙产生了独特的横向变形。然而，冻土有效地抵抗了土压力，抑制了墙体的变形。施加在支撑杆上的轴向应力与地下连续墙的变形密切相关，并受到开挖引起的压力和冻胀压力的影响。冻土附近的钻孔起到了应力释放孔的作用，增强了开挖稳定性。这些综合研究结果加深了对 AGF 技术及其对复杂三角洲地质条件和邻近结构影响的理解。

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引用次数: 0

Novel method to estimate horizontal variability of shear wave velocity through multichannel analysis of surface waves 通过多通道面波分析估算剪切波速度水平变化的新方法

IF 6.9 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, GEOLOGICAL

Engineering Geology

Pub Date : 2024-11-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2024.107799

Yen-Hsiang Chang , Chi-Chin Tsai , Louis Ge , Duhee Park

Scale of fluctuations (SOFs) of spatially variable soil properties have been regarded as one of the important parameters for performing reliability-based design in geotechnical engineering. However, the information required to estimate the SOFs in practice is limited, especially in the horizontal direction. In this study, the potential use of Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW) to estimate the SOFs of shear wave velocity (V_S) in horizontal direction is investigated through a series of numerical investigations. 2D random field models with a vertically increasing trend of V_S were first simulated with different levels of variability controlled by the coefficient of variation (COV) and SOF. Afterwards, a large number of numerical MASW tests were performed using a 2D finite difference method, where the survey lines were progressively shifted. Results show that the COV of V_S can be determined from the scatter of the dispersion curves, whereas the horizontal SOF of V_S can be appropriately estimated from the phase velocity profile presented in the wavelength form. Additionally, in-situ MASW tests were conducted to estimate the horizontal SOF, and the obtained results align with those estimated by different methods. It is highlighted that the accuracy of the estimation depends on survey length. The interpretation using a long array reflects an averaged site condition of the survey area, thus losing the variability information. Favorable predictions are produced when survey length is shorter than 1.0 SOF. However, it should be noted that use of short survey length may limit the depth of investigation.

空间可变土壤特性的波动范围（SOFs）一直被视为岩土工程中进行可靠性设计的重要参数之一。然而，在实践中估算 SOFs 所需的信息有限，尤其是在水平方向上。在本研究中，通过一系列数值研究，探讨了使用多通道表面波分析（MASW）估算水平方向剪切波速度（VS）的 SOFs 的可能性。首先模拟了 VS 垂直上升趋势的二维随机场模型，通过变异系数（COV）和 SOF 控制不同的变异水平。随后，使用二维有限差分法进行了大量的 MASW 数值试验，其中勘测线是逐步移动的。结果表明，VS 的 COV 可以通过频散曲线的散度确定，而 VS 的水平 SOF 则可以通过波长形式呈现的相速度剖面进行适当估算。此外，还进行了原位 MASW 试验来估算水平 SOF，所得结果与不同方法估算的结果一致。值得强调的是，估算的准确性取决于勘测长度。使用长阵列进行解释时，反映的是勘测区域的平均现场情况，因此会丢失变化信息。当勘测长度小于 1.0 SOF 时，预测结果较好。但应注意的是，使用较短的勘测长度可能会限制勘测深度。

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引用次数: 0

Optimized binarization algorithm-based method for the image recognition and characterization of explosion damage in rock masses 基于优化二值化算法的岩体爆炸损伤图像识别与定性方法

IF 6.9 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, GEOLOGICAL

Engineering Geology

Pub Date : 2024-11-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2024.107787

Jiazheng Gao , Yongsheng He , Yeqing Chen , Zhenqing Wang , Chunhai Li

The quantitative analysis of rock mass damage is crucial in fields such as engineering geology, disaster prevention, mining, geotechnical engineering, and structural engineering. With the advancement and application of noncontact measurement technologies and fractal theory, image-based damage identification methods are gaining increasing importance. This paper presents an optimized binarization algorithm for identifying and characterizing damage zones in granite explosion images. The method involves filtering, mathematical morphology operations, and connectivity recognition to effectively remove background noise while preserving clear boundaries of the damaged areas. It accurately captures the explosion damage in granite, both in terms of damage morphology and characteristic parameters. Additionally, the coefficient of agreement (COA) is introduced to quantitatively assess the accuracy of different methods in identifying damaged areas. The experimental results show that, compared with commonly used methods such as Otsu's method, Bernsen's algorithm, Niblack's algorithm, Sauvola's algorithm, and the K-means image clustering algorithm, the proposed method performs better in terms of identification accuracy and parameter agreement, achieving COA values near 1 across diverse experimental environments. Furthermore, the proposed method excels in handling uneven lighting, mitigating interference from rock surface textures and explosion carbonization zones, and demonstrates significant robustness in complex scenarios. The findings of this paper provide insights into the integration of engineering geology and computer vision technology. They offer valuable references for damage identification in excavation damage zones (EDZs), geological disaster evaluation, and structural damage warning systems.

岩体损伤的定量分析在工程地质、灾害预防、采矿、岩土工程和结构工程等领域至关重要。随着非接触测量技术和分形理论的发展和应用，基于图像的损伤识别方法越来越重要。本文提出了一种优化的二值化算法，用于识别和描述花岗岩爆炸图像中的损伤区域。该方法包括滤波、数学形态学运算和连接识别，可有效去除背景噪声，同时保留受损区域的清晰边界。该方法从损伤形态和特征参数两方面准确捕捉了花岗岩的爆炸损伤。此外，还引入了一致系数（COA）来定量评估不同方法识别受损区域的准确性。实验结果表明，与大津方法、Bernsen 算法、Niblack 算法、Sauvola 算法和 K-means 图像聚类算法等常用方法相比，所提出的方法在识别准确率和参数一致性方面表现更佳，在不同的实验环境下，COA 值均接近 1。此外，所提出的方法在处理不均匀光照、减轻岩石表面纹理和爆炸碳化区的干扰方面表现出色，并在复杂场景中表现出显著的鲁棒性。本文的研究成果为工程地质与计算机视觉技术的融合提供了启示。它们为挖掘破坏区（EDZ）的破坏识别、地质灾害评估和结构破坏预警系统提供了有价值的参考。

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引用次数: 0

Injection-induced seismic moment in layered rock formations 层状岩层中的注水诱发地震力矩

IF 6.9 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, GEOLOGICAL

Engineering Geology

Pub Date : 2024-11-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2024.107793

Dazhao Lu, Wei Wu

Appropriate estimation of seismic moment release during fluid injection is critical to mitigate the risk of induced seismic hazards and to guide safe operation in the geo-energy industry. However, the present single-layer models overlook the contributions of fault slip in different rock layers to the seismic moment release. Here we report an analytical model incorporating a multiple-layer function to predict the injection-induced seismic moment in layered rock formations. This model is established based on fault slip triggered by aseismic motion, particularly considering the locations of aseismic slip front and fluid diffusion front on a seismogenic fault in relative to the layer interface. We compare the maximum seismic moment obtained from our model to those estimated from three single-layer models and those measured from eleven field cases. The results highlight possible underestimation of the maximum seismic moment using the single-layer models in the layered rock formations. We also emphasize that a proper selection of layer model is significant to reasonably assess the seismic moment release. Lastly, we apply both the single-layer and double-layer models to predict the maximum seismic moment of the 5 February 2019

M_{w}

4.0 earthquake in the Weiyuan Shale Gas Field in Sichuan, China. The engineering application further confirms the necessity of using the double-layer model in the layered rock formations. Additionally, the assessment of amplification factors for fault segments provides a better understanding of induced seismic hazards in different rock layers and possibly guides the safety threshold of injection rate during fluid injection.

流体注入过程中地震力矩释放的适当估算对于降低诱发地震的风险和指导地质能源行业的安全运行至关重要。然而，目前的单层模型忽略了不同岩层的断层滑动对地震力矩释放的贡献。在此，我们报告了一个包含多层函数的分析模型，用于预测层状岩层中注入诱发的地震力矩。该模型是根据地震运动引发的断层滑移建立的，特别考虑了地震断层上的地震滑移前沿和流体扩散前沿相对于岩层界面的位置。我们将从我们的模型中获得的最大地震力矩与从三个单层模型中估算的地震力矩以及从 11 个现场案例中测量的地震力矩进行了比较。结果表明，在层状岩层中使用单层模型可能会低估最大地震力矩。我们还强调，正确选择层模型对于合理评估地震力矩释放具有重要意义。最后，我们应用单层和双层模型预测了 2019 年 2 月 5 日中国四川威远页岩气田 Mw 4.0 地震的最大地震力矩。工程应用进一步证实了在层状岩层中使用双层模型的必要性。此外，通过对断层段放大系数的评估，可以更好地了解不同岩层的诱发地震危险性，并可能指导注液过程中注入率的安全阈值。

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引用次数: 0

Quantitative risk assessment of road exposed to landslide: A novel framework combining numerical modeling and complex network theory 对遭受山体滑坡的道路进行定量风险评估：结合数值建模和复杂网络理论的新型框架

IF 6.9 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, GEOLOGICAL

Engineering Geology

Pub Date : 2024-11-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2024.107794

Shu Zhou , Yu Huang , Zhen Guo , Chaojun Ouyang

The quantitative analysis of the landslide risk posed to road networks is a challenging task owing to the uncertainty involved both in the potential landslide hazard and the road value. To address this challenge, this paper proposes a novel framework to assess the road risk in quantitative terms. The landslide hazard is assessed using the depth-integrated method with consideration of the landslide size probability and initial conditions. The potential direct losses associated with road disruption are determined by exposure analysis in a geographical information system. The indirect losses of the road caused by the landslide were analyzed through complex network theory with consideration to regional socioeconomic development and the time required for road restoration. The proposed framework was used to assess the road risk posed by the Chunchangba landslide, Xiaojin County, China. The results show that the volume size probability of landslides in the Xiaojin area could be assessed using the function

P (V) = 1 / (1 + 3.583 \times 10^{- 5} V^{2 \times 0.391})

. The depth-integrated method based hazards assessment results show the maximum impact area of the Chunchangba landslide reached 0.383 km², and the landslide has a high probability of damaging the lower road and forming a barrier lake. The losses associated with road disruption caused by the landslide were estimated. The maximum direct losses reached 293,100 USD, while indirect losses reached 423,800 USD, which has the same importance as direct losses. The risk curve reveals that the maximum probability of the road risk associated with the Chunchangba landslide is 0.0175 %, 0.0189 %, 0.0190 %, and 0.0191 % for the time interval of 5, 10, 20, and 50 years, respectively, with losses of 0.177 million USD/year. The regional disaster mitigation strategy is analyzed based on quantitative risk analysis. The results show that a new 2.7 km road on the mountain opposite the Chunchangba landslide can reduce indirect losses by approximately 300 times. The findings of this study contribute to sustainable development and landslide risk management in mountainous areas.

由于潜在的滑坡危险和道路价值都存在不确定性，因此对道路网络所面临的滑坡风险进行定量分析是一项具有挑战性的任务。为应对这一挑战，本文提出了一种新的定量评估道路风险的框架。在考虑滑坡大小概率和初始条件的情况下，采用深度综合法评估滑坡危害。通过地理信息系统中的暴露分析，确定与道路中断相关的潜在直接损失。考虑到区域社会经济发展和道路恢复所需的时间，通过复杂网络理论分析了滑坡对道路造成的间接损失。所提出的框架被用于评估中国小金县春长坝滑坡造成的道路风险。结果表明，小金地区滑坡的体积大小概率可使用函数 PV=1/1+3.583×10-5V2×0.391 进行评估。基于深度综合法的危害评估结果表明，春场坝滑坡的最大影响面积达到 0.383 平方公里，滑坡破坏下部道路并形成堰塞湖的概率很高。对滑坡造成的道路中断相关损失进行了估算。最大直接损失达 29.31 万美元，间接损失达 42.38 万美元，其重要性与直接损失相当。风险曲线显示，在 5 年、10 年、20 年和 50 年的时间间隔内，与春长坝滑坡相关的道路风险最大概率分别为 0.0175%、0.0189%、0.0190%和 0.0191%，损失为 0.177 万美元/年。根据定量风险分析，对区域减灾战略进行了分析。结果表明，在春长坝滑坡对面的山上新建一条 2.7 公里长的公路，可将间接损失减少约 300 倍。本研究的结果有助于山区的可持续发展和滑坡风险管理。

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引用次数: 0

Thermo-hydro-mechanical modelling of the heterogeneous subsidence and swelling in the desiccation cracked clayey strata 干燥开裂粘土地层中异质沉降和膨胀的热工水力力学模型

IF 6.9 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, GEOLOGICAL

Engineering Geology

Pub Date : 2024-11-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2024.107798

Hamed Sadeghi , Milad Jabbarzadeh , Saeed Tourchi

Soil desiccation cracking as a consequence of severe environmental changes alters soil deformation mechanisms significantly. Therefore, this study aims to explore the effect of crack characteristics and environmental conditions on the heterogeneous deformation of desiccation-cracked soils using thermo-hydro-mechanical analyses. The model framework consists of balance equations, thermal, hydraulic, and mechanical constitutive equations, while the model scenarios were determined based on statistical analyses. The meteorological record of Qom city was used for three years, from 2015 to 2017, to capture long-term behaviour under wetting-drying cycles. Findings revealed that cracks extend the deformation range, potentially up to six times, with variation based on crack dimensions and spacing. Notably, narrower cracks experienced more pronounced deformation than wider ones. The cracked soil with a crack depth of 2.5 m showed 1.5 times higher swelling and subsidence than crack depth of 1 m. Furthermore, the wider cracks indicated a lower rate of increase in their dimensions compared to the initial state during drying. The investigation also highlights the mechanisms of soil surface shape due to swelling and shrinkage, resulting in concave and convex surfaces, respectively. The results provide new perspectives on the behaviour of fine-grained deposits in arid to semi-arid climates with deep groundwater levels.

土壤干燥开裂是严重环境变化的结果，会显著改变土壤的变形机制。因此，本研究旨在通过热-水-机械分析，探讨裂缝特征和环境条件对干燥开裂土壤异质变形的影响。模型框架由平衡方程、热力、水力和力学构成方程组成，模型情景则根据统计分析确定。库姆市从 2015 年到 2017 年三年的气象记录用于捕捉湿润-干燥周期下的长期行为。研究结果表明，裂缝扩大了变形范围，可能高达六倍，并根据裂缝尺寸和间距而变化。值得注意的是，较窄的裂缝比较宽的裂缝经历了更明显的变形。此外，与干燥时的初始状态相比，较宽的裂缝显示出较低的尺寸增加率。调查还强调了土壤表面形状的形成机制，即膨胀和收缩分别导致凹面和凸面。这些结果为地下水位较深的干旱至半干旱气候条件下细粒沉积物的行为提供了新的视角。

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引用次数: 0

Large-scale geohazards risk of submarine landslides considering the subsea cables vulnerability: A case study from the northern continental slopes of South China Sea 考虑海底电缆脆弱性的大规模海底滑坡地质灾害风险：南海北部大陆坡案例研究

IF 6.9 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, GEOLOGICAL

Engineering Geology

Pub Date : 2024-11-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2024.107788

Defeng Zheng , Qingkang Fang , Deyu Lei , Zehao Wang , Chenglin Yan , Ze Rong

Submarine landslides pose significant threats to subsea cables distributed on the global seabed. However, regional scale risk assessment of landslide geohazards is rarely reported. This study introduces a methodology for regional-scale geohazard risk prediction of submarine landslides, focusing on the northern continental slopes of the South China Sea. Initially, the study employed the infinite-slope method to calculate safety factors for typical submarine slopes. Addressing uncertainties in geotechnical and seismic parameters, Monte Carlo simulations determine slope failure probabilities. Using kriging interpolation, localized failure probabilities are extrapolated to regional scales, establishing a spatiotemporal distribution method for large-scale geohazard susceptibility. Hazard levels are subsequently determined considering the volumes of potential landslides. The density of subsea cables is used as a vulnerability factor to guide the regional-scale assessment of cable vulnerability. Finally, integrating vulnerability with hazard levels provides a comprehensive assessment of landslide-induced large-scale geohazard risks. The findings highlight elevated geohazard risks in the Taiwan Bank slope segment, moderate risks in the Zhujiang Valley and Shenhu slope segments, with lower risks in other areas.

海底滑坡对分布在全球海底的海底电缆构成重大威胁。然而，区域范围的滑坡地质灾害风险评估却鲜有报道。本研究以南海北部大陆坡为重点，介绍了一种区域尺度的海底滑坡地质灾害风险预测方法。研究最初采用无限坡度法计算典型海底斜坡的安全系数。针对岩土工程和地震参数的不确定性，蒙特卡罗模拟确定了斜坡崩塌概率。利用克里金插值法，将局部破坏概率推断到区域范围，从而为大尺度地质灾害易发性建立时空分布方法。随后，根据潜在滑坡的体积确定灾害等级。海底电缆的密度被用作脆弱性因素，以指导区域范围的电缆脆弱性评估。最后，将脆弱性与危害等级相结合，对滑坡引发的大规模地质灾害风险进行综合评估。研究结果表明，台湾岸坡段的地质灾害风险较高，珠江流域和深沪坡段的地质灾害风险中等，其他地区的地质灾害风险较低。

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引用次数: 0