Engineering Geology最新文献

英文中文

Erosion processes in dry granular rock-ice avalanches with varying ice content: Insights from flume experiments 具有不同冰含量的干颗粒岩冰雪崩的侵蚀过程：来自水槽实验的见解

IF 8.4 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, GEOLOGICAL

Engineering Geology

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2026.108566

Liyang Jiang, Xuanmei Fan, Junhan Du, Yu Deng, Zeyuan Xue

Rock-ice avalanches in cold regions exhibit formidable erosive power, posing severe threats to nearby communities and infrastructure. Yet, the role of ice content in erosion remains poorly understood largely due to the limited field and experimental data. Here, we present a series of temperature-controlled flume experiments to systematically investigate erosion dynamics in dry granular rock-ice mixtures of varying ice contents (0–100%). Through high-speed flow visualization of a specially designed erosion column, we record the full spatiotemporal progression of the erosion profiles. Further analysis identifies two coexisting erosion mechanisms: basal abrasion and impact erosion. Basal abrasion is produced by sustained shearing along the bed, whereas impact erosion arises from high-velocity particle collisions with the bed. Their respective contributions are also quantified. Notably, impact erosion shows a stronger correlation with erosion capacity than basal abrasion and contributes more to total erosion under high-mobility conditions. A dimensionless parameter R_E = E_i/E_a is introduced to quantify the intensity of the impact erosion rate E_i relative to the basal abrasion rate E_a. R_E first increases and then decreases with ice content, peaking at intermediate values. These findings advance the quantitative understanding of basal abrasion and impact erosion in rock-ice avalanches under dry granular conditions.

寒冷地区的岩冰雪崩表现出强大的侵蚀力，对附近的社区和基础设施构成严重威胁。然而，由于有限的现场和实验数据，冰含量在侵蚀中的作用仍然知之甚少。在这里，我们提出了一系列温控水槽实验，以系统地研究不同冰含量（0-100%）的干颗粒岩冰混合物中的侵蚀动力学。通过一个特殊设计的侵蚀柱的高速流动可视化，我们记录了侵蚀剖面的完整时空进展。进一步分析确定了两种共存的侵蚀机制：基底磨损和冲击侵蚀。基底磨损是由沿床的持续剪切产生的，而冲击侵蚀是由与床的高速颗粒碰撞产生的。他们各自的贡献也被量化。值得注意的是，在高流动性条件下，冲击侵蚀比基底磨损与侵蚀能力的相关性更强，对总侵蚀的贡献更大。引入无量纲参数RE = Ei/Ea来量化冲击侵蚀率Ei相对于基础磨损率Ea的强度。RE随冰含量先升高后降低，在中间值达到峰值。这些发现促进了对干颗粒条件下岩石-冰雪崩基底磨损和冲击侵蚀的定量认识。

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引用次数: 0

Insights into the microstructural evolution of dredged clay treated by SAP flocculation and vacuum preloading SAP絮凝与真空预压处理疏浚粘土微观结构演变的研究

IF 7.4 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, GEOLOGICAL

Engineering Geology

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2026.108560

Yupeng Cao, Junxia Liu, Zhehao Qiu, Xiang Yong, Jie Yin

引用次数: 0

Creep behavior of rocks under coupled high stress and water pressure 高应力-水压耦合作用下岩石蠕变特性研究

IF 7.4 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, GEOLOGICAL

Engineering Geology

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2026.108562

Shun Ding, Shibin Tang

引用次数: 0

Capturing the hole effect in Qiantang River alluvial silt by cone penetration test 用锥贯试验捕捉钱塘江冲积粉土的孔效应

IF 8.4 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, GEOLOGICAL

Engineering Geology

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2026.108564

Yuguo Su , Tiantian Ying , Qiaokan Wang , Xiaodong Pan

Soil spatial variability exhibits significant regional characteristics arising from various geological processes, weathering effects, and stress history during sedimentation. The spatial variability can influence the performance of geotechnical systems, and accurately capturing it is essential for effective reliability analysis. This study first compares the performance of the auto-correlation function and variance reduction function under different fitting strategies. Subsequently, the sampling strategies that yield the best performance in estimating the scale of fluctuation (SOF) are identified. After that, cone penetration test data are collected from sites along the Qiantang River to quantify the spatial variability parameters of the alluvial silt. Analysis reveals that the SOF and its associated uncertainty generally increase with expanding investigation domain length. The mean SOF rises from 0.691 m to 1.225 m across scales from 5 m to 15 m. The hole effect describes a spatial autocorrelation function that exhibits a non-monotonic, cyclical pattern as lag distance increases. A significant hole effect, identified in 75.6% of cases with SOF values ranging from 0.190 m to 1.135 m, may be associated with rhythmic tidal sedimentation processes. The cosine Whittle-Matérn model successfully captures the finer features of the spatial correlation structure, including the SOF, smoothness, and hole effect.

土壤空间变异性表现出明显的区域特征，这是由不同的地质过程、风化作用和沉积过程中的应力历史引起的。空间变异性会影响岩土系统的性能，准确捕捉空间变异性是进行可靠度分析的必要条件。本研究首先比较了自相关函数和方差缩减函数在不同拟合策略下的性能。随后，确定了在估计波动尺度（SOF）时产生最佳性能的采样策略。然后，在钱塘江沿岸各站点采集圆锥体穿透试验数据，量化冲积粉土的空间变异性参数。分析表明，随着研究范围的扩大，soff及其相关不确定性普遍增加。在5米至15米的尺度上，平均sofm从0.691米上升到1.225米。空穴效应描述了一种空间自相关函数，随着滞后距离的增加，该函数呈现出非单调的周期性模式。在sofm值为0.190 ~ 1.135 m范围内，75.6%的案例中发现了明显的孔效应，这可能与有节奏的潮汐沉积过程有关。余弦whittle - mat模型成功地捕获了空间相关结构的更精细的特征，包括柔度、平滑度和空穴效应。

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引用次数: 0

Identification of fracture mechanisms and potential instability modes in high-steep rock slopes using microseismic moment tensors: a case study 用微震矩张量识别高陡岩质边坡断裂机制和潜在失稳模式：一个案例研究

IF 7.4 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, GEOLOGICAL

Engineering Geology

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2026.108561

Haiyang Liu, Kaikai Wang, Ke Ma, Di Wu, Ziming Wang

引用次数: 0

Seismic analysis of a zoned earth dam after decades of operation 某带状土坝运行数十年的地震分析

IF 7.4 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, GEOLOGICAL

Engineering Geology

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2026.108559

Mariagrazia Tretola, Lucia Coppola, Stefania Sica, Luca Pagano

引用次数: 0

3D seismic response and disaster performance of T-shaped intersecting valley fault sites: A case study of a simply supported beam bridge across fault t形相交谷断层位的三维地震反应与灾害性能——以跨断层简支梁桥为例

IF 7.4 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, GEOLOGICAL

Engineering Geology

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2026.108563

Ke Yin, Zhiping Hu, Rui Wang, Xianglong Xu, Boyu Wang, Chao Zhang

引用次数: 0

Elastodynamic imaging of voids in a PML-truncated layered solid using a deep convolutional neural network 基于深度卷积神经网络的pml截断层状实体空隙弹性动力学成像

IF 8.4 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, GEOLOGICAL

Engineering Geology

Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2026.108545

Boyoung Kim , Shashwat Maharjan , Bruno Guidio , Jacob Thomas , Fazle Mahdi Pranto , Chanseok Jeong

Voids in the subsurface pose significant challenges to infrastructure stability and safety, often leading to structural failures and costly repairs. In this study, we propose a deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) framework for elastodynamic imaging of voids in a semi-infinite soil domain truncated by non-convolutional second-order complex-frequency-shifted perfectly matched layers (CFS-PML). The method employs element-wise classification to map void probabilities within the domain using elastodynamic surface responses from non-scanning type probing. The training datasets are generated using a level-set wave solver, producing input-layer features from measured surface responses and output-layer features as element grid maps indicating void probabilities. The DCNN is trained to predict the void probability in each element and reconstructs targeted voids by clustering high-probability elements. Numerical results demonstrate that, via rigorous out-of-distribution tests, the proposed DCNN can effectively detect and image voids, including those with complex shapes that were not even included in training data. The model’s performance remains stable under receiver uncertainties, including measurement noise and random tilting, with noise-trained models showing notably improved robustness. It also yields reasonable predictions under sparse receiver layouts and maintains stable performance across material-property variations. Compared with full-waveform inversion, our DCNN offers more accurate reconstructions, making void locations clearer. This study highlights the potential of integrating advanced deep-learning techniques with wave propagation models for improved subsurface exploration and characterization.

地下空洞对基础设施的稳定性和安全性构成重大挑战，经常导致结构失效和昂贵的维修费用。在这项研究中，我们提出了一个深度卷积神经网络（DCNN）框架，用于非卷积二阶复频移完美匹配层（CFS-PML）截断的半无限土域中空隙的弹性动力学成像。该方法采用单元分类，利用非扫描型探测的弹性动力表面响应来映射区域内的空洞概率。训练数据集是使用水平集波求解器生成的，从测量的表面响应和输出层特征中产生输入层特征，作为指示空洞概率的元素网格图。训练DCNN预测每个元素的空洞概率，并通过聚类高概率元素重建目标空洞。数值结果表明，通过严格的离分布测试，该方法可以有效地检测和图像空洞，包括那些没有包含在训练数据中的复杂形状的空洞。该模型的性能在接收器不确定性下保持稳定，包括测量噪声和随机倾斜，噪声训练模型的鲁棒性显着提高。它还可以在稀疏接收器布局下产生合理的预测，并在材料属性变化中保持稳定的性能。与全波形反演相比，我们的DCNN提供了更精确的重建，使空洞位置更清晰。该研究强调了将先进的深度学习技术与波传播模型相结合，以改进地下勘探和表征的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Creep behavior and microstructural evolution of unsaturated red-bed mudstone under coupled matric suction-stress effects 基质吸力-应力耦合作用下非饱和红层泥岩蠕变行为及微观结构演化

IF 8.4 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, GEOLOGICAL

Engineering Geology

Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2026.108558

Guoqing Cai , Fengjie Yin , Hengshuo Liu , Yanlin Su , Rui Yang

Red-bed mudstone is a widely distributed sedimentary fill material in western China and exhibits pronounced moisture sensitivity, making it susceptible to long-term creep deformation under unsaturated conditions. To elucidate its time-dependent mechanical behavior and underlying microstructural control mechanisms, a series of multi-stage creep tests was conducted using a GDS double-cell unsaturated triaxial apparatus under controlled matric suctions of 100, 200, and 300 kPa. The microstructural evolution before and after creep was systematically investigated through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP). The results indicate that red-bed mudstone exhibits strongly nonlinear, time-dependent deformation characteristics under coupled matric suction-stress conditions. At high creep loading levels, increasing matric suction markedly suppresses pore collapse and compressive deformation, leading to a progressive transition in the creep mechanism from compression-dominated to shear-dominated behavior. Matric suction primarily inhibits creep deformation by enhancing structural stability, whereas higher stress levels intensify structural rearrangement and compaction. Microstructural analyses further reveal that increasing suction reduces pore connectivity and promotes face-to-face contacts between platy minerals, thereby effectively slowing the creep rate. In addition, the regulatory effect of matric suction on creep stiffness shows a pronounced dependence on stress level, and creep stiffness exhibits a characteristic time-dependent softening behavior. These findings provide new insights into the long-term creep deformation mechanisms of unsaturated red-bed mudstone and offer valuable reference information for evaluating the long-term stability of high-fill station-yard subgrades under complex geological conditions.

红层泥岩是中国西部地区广泛分布的沉积填充物，具有明显的水分敏感性，在非饱和条件下易发生长期蠕变变形。为了阐明其随时间变化的力学行为和潜在的微观结构控制机制，使用GDS双室非饱和三轴仪在100,200和300 kPa的受控基质吸力下进行了一系列多阶段蠕变试验。采用扫描电镜（SEM）和压汞孔隙法（MIP）对蠕变前后的微观组织演变进行了系统研究。结果表明，红层泥岩在基质吸力-应力耦合作用下表现出强烈的非线性、时变变形特征。在高蠕变加载水平下，增加基质吸力可显著抑制孔隙坍塌和压缩变形，导致蠕变机制由压缩主导向剪切主导逐步转变。基质吸力主要通过增强结构稳定性来抑制蠕变变形，而较高的应力水平会加剧结构重排和压实。微观结构分析进一步表明，吸力的增加降低了孔隙连通性，促进了板状矿物之间的面对面接触，从而有效地减缓了蠕变速率。此外，基质吸力对蠕变刚度的调节作用明显依赖于应力水平，蠕变刚度表现出典型的随时间变化的软化行为。这些研究结果为研究非饱和红层泥岩的长期蠕变变形机制提供了新的认识，为评价复杂地质条件下高填方站场路基的长期稳定性提供了有价值的参考信息。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluating the applicability of simulated soil moisture index in forecasting post-earthquake debris flows 评价模拟土壤水分指数在震后泥石流预报中的适用性

IF 8.4 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, GEOLOGICAL

Engineering Geology

Pub Date : 2026-01-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2026.108557

Zhen-Lei Wei, Xuan-Mei Fan, Xiao-Jian Wang, Jing-Kan Huo, Jie Yang

The inclusion of soil moisture metrics in hydro-meteorological criteria has proven effective in improving debris flow predictions. However, the applicability of simulated soil moisture index in forecasting post-earthquake debris flows remains unclear. This study evaluates hydro-meteorological thresholds for post-earthquake debris flows using both simulated and observed soil moisture data. We analyzed in-situ monitoring data from two rainy seasons in a debris flow-prone catchment, comparing thresholds derived from a simulated soil moisture index (based on a conceptual hydrological model) with those from in-situ. Two models, bi-linear and random forest, were used to establish thresholds. The results show that, in bi-linear models, simulated thresholds yielded a slightly higher accuracy (0.92) compared to observed thresholds (0.90). In random forest models, both simulated and observed thresholds performed comparably, with accuracies near 0.89. While simulated thresholds demonstrate practical utility for early warning systems (as they can be pre-calculated using rainfall forecasts), observed thresholds retain importance as they allow direct measurement, facilitating debris flow identification and characterization. This analysis highlights context-dependent trade-offs rather than a universal superiority of either approach, offering insights for optimizing debris flow prediction.

将土壤湿度指标纳入水文气象标准已被证明对改善泥石流预测是有效的。然而，模拟土壤水分指数在震后泥石流预报中的适用性尚不明确。本研究利用模拟和观测的土壤湿度资料，评估震后泥石流的水文气象阈值。我们分析了一个泥石流易发流域两个雨季的现场监测数据，比较了模拟土壤湿度指数（基于概念水文模型）与现场监测数据的阈值。采用双线性模型和随机森林模型建立阈值。结果表明，在双线性模型中，模拟阈值的精度（0.92）略高于观测阈值（0.90）。在随机森林模型中，模拟阈值和观测阈值的表现相当，精度接近0.89。虽然模拟阈值显示了早期预警系统的实际效用（因为它们可以使用降雨预报预先计算），但观测到的阈值仍然很重要，因为它们允许直接测量，促进泥石流识别和表征。该分析强调了上下文相关的权衡，而不是任何一种方法的普遍优势，为优化泥石流预测提供了见解。

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