Engineering Geology最新文献_第2页

Role of sediment entrainment in the flash-flood to debris-flow transition during cascading landslide dam failures 级联滑坡溃坝过程中泥沙夹带在山洪向泥石流过渡中的作用

IF 8.4 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, GEOLOGICAL

Engineering Geology

Pub Date : 2026-02-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2026.108614

Jialin Liu , Gordon G.D. Zhou , Yunxu Xie , Kahlil F.E. Cui , Xueqiang Lu , Ming Peng , Wei Zhong , Giulia Bossi

Intense rainfall can produce rapid inflows that overtop or erode landslide dams, triggering cascading failures that entrain large volumes of sediment. This process rapidly transforms the floods into dense debris flows, whose size and destructive potential grow as they travel downstream. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms of cascading failure is crucial for flood risk assessment and disaster mitigation in mountainous areas. This study uses flume experiments and numerical simulations to investigate the transition of rapid floods into debris flows during the cascading failure of four landslide dams. Results show that successive dam breaches increase sediment entrainment, transforming the initial water flow into a dense debris flow. Numerical simulations incorporating erosion and entrainment reproduce the experimental results and reveal that hydrodynamic parameters—velocity, shear stress, and discharge—can increase by up to threefold after successive dam breaches. This amplification persists even when the upstream reservoir volume is low, sustained by a feedback mechanism in which higher velocity increases shear stress, which accelerates erosion and sediment entrainment. The resulting rise in flow density further enhances shear stress, creating a cycle that amplifies discharge. Conversely, when sediment entrainment is neglected, this positive feedback loop is suppressed, leading to a significant reduction in the amplification effect. These findings enhance our understanding of scale amplification by cascading failure, and provide a scientific basis for debris flow mitigation strategies in mountainous areas.

强降雨会产生快速的水流，淹没或侵蚀滑坡大坝，引发层叠式破坏，带走大量沉积物。这一过程迅速将洪水转变为密集的泥石流，其规模和破坏潜力随着它们向下游移动而增加。因此，了解级联破坏的机制对山区洪水风险评估和减灾至关重要。本文采用水槽试验和数值模拟的方法研究了4座滑坡坝级联破坏过程中快速洪水向泥石流的转变过程。结果表明，连续溃坝增加了泥沙的夹带，使初始水流转变为密集的泥石流。结合侵蚀和夹带的数值模拟再现了实验结果，并揭示了在连续的溃坝后，水动力参数——速度、剪应力和流量——可以增加三倍。即使在上游水库容量较低时，这种放大也会持续存在，这是由一种反馈机制维持的，在这种机制中，较高的流速增加了剪切应力，从而加速了侵蚀和沉积物夹带。由此产生的流体密度的上升进一步增强了剪切应力，形成了一个循环，放大了排放。相反，当泥沙夹带被忽略时，这种正反馈回路被抑制，导致放大效应显著降低。这些发现增强了我们对级联破坏规模放大的认识，并为山区泥石流减灾策略提供了科学依据。

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引用次数: 0

Self-enhancing climatic resilience of surface soil through bio-carbonation constructed barrier 生物碳化构筑屏障对表层土壤气候适应性的自增强作用

IF 8.4 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, GEOLOGICAL

Engineering Geology

Pub Date : 2026-02-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2026.108607

Rui Wang , Chao-Sheng Tang , Guang-Hui Lei , Xiao-Hua Pan , Zhi-Hao Dong , Shao-Dan Wang , Xiancai Lu

The intensification of extreme climatic events has amplified matter and energy exchanges between atmosphere and surface soil, potentially triggering cascades of geological hazards such as slope failure and earthen infrastructure instability. This study, for the first time, proposes the use of bio‑carbonation constructed barrier (bio‑carbonated barrier) to enhance surface soil resilience. Furtherly, we systematically investigated the effect of climatic wet-dry cycles on the long-term performance of bio‑carbonated barrier, focusing on physical (water absorption, WA; ultrasonic pulse velocity, UPV), mechanical (splitting tensile strength, STS), and chemical (pH; ammonia nitrogen concentration, ANC) properties. Integrating carbon capture assessment (total carbonate concentration) with microscopic analysis, the underlying mechanisms are further elucidated. Results show that a single wet-dry cycle causes significant strength loss, but higher MgO content can enhance initial strength and mitigate degradation, primarily due to stronger cementation. As wet-dry cycles proceed, the self-enhancement of weathering resistance is observed, as evidenced by increases in STS and UPV and a decrease in WA. Microanalyses indicate that this effect arises from atmospheric CO₂-driven carbonation and crystal reorganization, which increase both the production and crystallinity of hydrated magnesium carbonates, thereby improving the cementation and densification. Additionally, reductions in pH and ANC of the leachate suggest that wet-dry cycles may help mitigate potential environmental contamination risks associated with the migration of OH⁻ and

{NH}_{4}^{+}

. These findings indicate that the construction of bio‑carbonated barrier can contribute to the self-enhancing climatic resilience of surface soil system, providing an efficient and sustainable strategy for the prevention and mitigation of geohazards under climatic extremes.

极端气候事件的加剧放大了大气和表层土壤之间的物质和能量交换，可能引发诸如边坡破坏和土质基础设施不稳定等地质灾害的级联。本研究首次提出利用生物碳化构筑屏障（bio - carbonated barrier）增强表层土壤弹性。此外，我们系统地研究了气候干湿循环对生物碳酸化屏障长期性能的影响，重点关注物理（吸水率，WA，超声脉冲速度，UPV），机械（劈裂拉伸强度，STS）和化学（pH，氨氮浓度，ANC）性能。结合碳捕获评估（总碳酸盐浓度）和微观分析，进一步阐明了潜在的机制。结果表明，单次干湿循环会导致显著的强度损失，但较高的MgO含量可以提高初始强度并减缓降解，这主要是由于胶结性更强。随着干湿循环的进行，观察到抗风化性的自我增强，如STS和UPV的增加和WA的减少。微观分析表明，这种效应是由大气co2驱动的碳酸化和晶体重组引起的，这增加了水合碳酸镁的产量和结晶度，从而改善了胶结和致密化。此外，渗滤液pH和ANC的降低表明，干湿循环可能有助于减轻与OH -和NH4+迁移相关的潜在环境污染风险。这些结果表明，生物碳化屏障的构建有助于表层土壤系统自我增强的气候恢复力，为极端气候条件下的地质灾害预防和缓解提供了有效和可持续的策略。

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引用次数: 0

Competition between thermoelastic process and mineral reaction on fracture flow channeling: Implications for long-term thermal performance of EGS reservoirs 热弹性过程和矿物反应对裂缝流动通道的竞争：对EGS储层长期热性能的影响

IF 8.4 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, GEOLOGICAL

Engineering Geology

Pub Date : 2026-02-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2026.108610

Fan Zeng , Hui Wu , Guofeng Song , Yufei Wang , Jiayan Ji

Fracture flow channeling stemming from heterogeneous aperture distribution is a widely observed phenomenon in enhanced geothermal systems (EGSs) and has been considered a main cause of unsatisfying thermal extraction performance. Many numerical studies have been performed to quantify the impact of flow channeling on thermal performance, while the dynamic evolution of flow channeling under complex thermo-hydro-mechanical-chemical (THMC) coupled processes remains underexplored. This study develops a 3D field-scale THMC coupled EGS model with heterogeneous fracture apertures to systematically investigate the individual and joint effects of thermoelastic process and mineral reaction on fracture flow channeling and long-term thermal performance. The results demonstrate that during long-term injection of undersaturated water, the thermoelastic process leads to aperture enlargement in low-temperature zones, intensifying flow channeling, whereas the mineral dissolution preferentially enlarges fracture aperture in high-temperature zones, leading to flow dispersion. These two mechanisms exhibit strong physicochemical feedbacks: the mineral dissolution counteracts thermoelastic-induced flow channeling by enlarging heat exchange zones and homogenizing thermal stress distributions, while the thermoelastic process enhances the effect of mineral dissolution by narrowing heat exchange zones. Parametric analyses further reveal that reservoirs with higher rock elastic modulus and lower fracture stiffness are more susceptible to severe thermoelastic-induced flow channeling, whereas higher injection temperatures, lower injection concentrations, and greater reactive mineral content enhance the mitigating effect of mineral dissolution. These findings suggest that long-term thermal performance of EGSs can be optimized by selecting reservoirs with low elastic modulus, high fracture stiffness, and abundant reactive minerals, combined with high-temperature, undersaturated injection strategies.

在增强型地热系统（EGSs）中，由非均匀孔隙分布引起的裂缝窜流是一种普遍存在的现象，被认为是导致热采效果不理想的主要原因。为了量化流道对热性能的影响，已经进行了许多数值研究，但在复杂的热-水-机械-化学（THMC）耦合过程中，流道的动态演变仍未得到充分探讨。本研究建立了一个具有非均质裂缝孔径的三维现场尺度THMC耦合EGS模型，系统地研究了热弹性过程和矿物反应对裂缝流动通道和长期热性能的单独和联合影响。结果表明：在欠饱和水长期注入过程中，热弹性过程导致低温区裂缝孔径扩大，加剧了渗流，而矿物溶解优先扩大了高温区裂缝孔径，导致流动分散。这两种机制表现出强烈的物理化学反馈：矿物溶解通过扩大热交换区和均匀化热应力分布来抵消热弹性诱导的流动通道，而热弹性过程通过缩小热交换区来增强矿物溶解的作用。参数分析进一步表明，岩石弹性模量较高、裂缝刚度较低的储层更容易发生严重的热弹性诱导流道，而较高的注入温度、较低的注入浓度和较高的活性矿物含量增强了矿物溶解的缓解作用。这些发现表明，通过选择低弹性模量、高裂缝刚度和丰富活性矿物的储层，结合高温、欠饱和注入策略，可以优化EGSs的长期热性能。

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引用次数: 0

Multivariate Gaussian process regression for characterization of geo-data spatial variability from limited and non-co-located measurements 从有限和非同址测量中表征地理数据空间变异性的多元高斯过程回归

IF 7.4 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, GEOLOGICAL

Engineering Geology

Pub Date : 2026-02-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2026.108611

Cong Miao, Yu Wang

Because of practical constraints such as time, budget, and technology, spatially varying geo-data are often sparsely measured at a limited number of locations. Consequently, accurate characterization of geo-data spatial variability from limited measurements remains challenging. On the other hand, geo-data in practice are usually collected from multiple tests or sources, which typically exhibit cross-correlations. Such cross-correlated multivariate measurements can be integrated using data fusion methods, such as multivariate Gaussian process regression (MGPR), for effectively leveraging their complementary information. The performance of existing MGPR, however, hinges heavily on construction of a valid multivariate covariance function, which generally requires extensive and co-located multivariate measurements. In contrast, multivariate measurements are usually limited and, more challengingly, non-co-located due to the use of destructive tests, posing challenges for applying existing MGPR to characterize the geo-data spatial variability. This study proposes a novel MGPR method to effectively fuse limited and non-co-located multivariate measurements for jointly predicting spatial variation of multiple geo-data profiles. Rather than developing a valid multivariate covariance function, the proposed MGPR represents the spatial correlation structures of different types of geo-data in a data-driven manner using a limited number of orthonormal basis functions. Simulated and real data examples demonstrate that the proposed MGPR efficaciously captures both auto- and cross-correlations among geo-data based on limited and non-co-located multivariate measurements and jointly predicts multiple profiles of geo-data with rationally quantified uncertainty.

由于时间、预算和技术等实际限制，空间变化的地理数据通常在有限的位置进行稀疏测量。因此，从有限的测量中准确表征地理数据空间变异性仍然具有挑战性。另一方面，在实践中，地理数据通常是从多个测试或来源收集的，这些测试或来源通常表现出相互关联。这种相互关联的多变量测量可以使用数据融合方法进行集成，例如多变量高斯过程回归（MGPR），以有效地利用它们的互补信息。然而，现有MGPR的性能在很大程度上取决于有效的多变量协方差函数的构建，这通常需要广泛和共定位的多变量测量。相比之下，多变量测量通常是有限的，而且更具挑战性的是，由于使用破坏性测试，非同地定位，这对应用现有的MGPR来表征地理数据的空间变异性提出了挑战。本文提出了一种新的MGPR方法，可以有效地融合有限和非同位的多变量测量，用于联合预测多个地理数据剖面的空间变化。与开发有效的多变量协方差函数不同，所提出的MGPR以数据驱动的方式，使用有限数量的正交基函数来表示不同类型地理数据的空间相关结构。模拟和实际数据实例表明，该方法能够有效地捕获有限和非同地多变量测量数据之间的自相关性和互相关性，并以合理量化的不确定性共同预测地质数据的多个剖面。

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引用次数: 0

Probabilistic geological body modeling of point cloud based on IMMC-Geo and application 基于IMMC-Geo的点云概率地质体建模及应用

IF 7.4 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, GEOLOGICAL

Engineering Geology

Pub Date : 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2026.108603

Xu Li, Zhanping Song, Meining Zhang, Jiangyong Pu, Tong Wang

引用次数: 0

Solidification of high water content marine deposits by a novel in-situ treatment of magnesia-based bio-cement: Insight from clay content effect 镁基生物水泥原位处理高含水量海洋沉积物的固化研究：来自粘土含量效应的见解

IF 8.4 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, GEOLOGICAL

Engineering Geology

Pub Date : 2026-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2026.108606

Dian-Long Wang , Wen-Bo Chen , Hao-Yu Fang , Zhen-Yu Yin , Xiao-Hua Pan , Chao-Sheng Tang

Sustainable solidification of high water content marine deposits (MD) is crucial for coastal infrastructure, where clay content (CC) of MD critically affects its performance. This study proposed an in-situ treatment of magnesia-based bio-cement (MBC) for MD solidification. This novel approach utilizes concentrated bacteria solution to hydrolyze urea directly within high water content MD and then engage the bio‑carbonation of reactive MgO. The in-situ MBC-solidified MD (MBC-samples) with 10–70% CC were prepared to validate the feasibility and reveal CC effects by investigating their mechanical properties, chemical characteristics, and microstructures. The results indicate that in-situ MBC can effectively solidify high water content MD by utilizing its inherent water for urea hydrolysis, circumventing further water content increment by bacteria solution addition. The increase in CC significantly improved unconfined compressive strength (UCS) by 370.0% to 0.94 MPa, but decreased the degree of carbonation (DC, evaluating hydrated magnesia carbonates (HMCs) yield) by 30.3% to 0.31. Pre-hydrolysis treatment increased the DC and UCS of MBC-samples by 24.4% and 177.0%, respectively. Although higher CC inhibits urea hydrolysis within MD and reduces HMCs production, it decreases pore volume and dominant pore size, changing HMCs development and distribution, which compensates for the lower DC and ultimately improves the UCS of MBC-samples. The relationship between CC and UCS was quantitatively analyzed by considering the decreased DC effects via inhibiting reactions and microstructural refinement through reduced dominant pore diameters with higher CC. These findings provide theoretical and practical insights for sustainable marine deposit solidification.

高含水量海相沉积物（MD）的持续固化对沿海基础设施至关重要，其中粘土含量（CC）对其性能有重要影响。本研究提出了一种镁基生物水泥（MBC）原位处理MD固化的方法。这种新方法利用浓缩的细菌溶液在高含水量的MD中直接水解尿素，然后进行活性MgO的生物碳化。制备了含10-70% CC的原位固化MD （mbc -样品），通过研究其力学性能、化学特性和显微组织来验证其可行性，并揭示CC效应。结果表明，原位MBC可以利用其固有的水分水解尿素，有效地固化高含水量的MD，避免了添加菌液进一步增加含水量。CC的增加使无侧限抗压强度（UCS）提高了370.0%至0.94 MPa，但使碳化度（DC，评价水合碳酸镁（HMCs）产量）降低了30.3%至0.31。预水解处理使mbc样品的DC和UCS分别提高了24.4%和177.0%。虽然较高的CC抑制了MD内的尿素水解并减少了hmc的产生，但它减少了孔隙体积和优势孔径，改变了hmc的发育和分布，从而补偿了较低的DC，最终提高了mbc样品的UCS。通过考虑抑制反应降低直流效应和通过减小主导孔径来细化微观结构，定量分析了CC和UCS之间的关系，这些发现为海洋沉积物的可持续凝固提供了理论和实践见解。

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引用次数: 0

Ground motion forecasting for the 2023 Al-Haouz and 2004 Al-Hoceima earthquakes in Morocco: The use of Mdesign definition 2023年摩洛哥Al-Haouz和2004年Al-Hoceima地震的地震动预报：使用Mdesign定义

IF 8.4 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, GEOLOGICAL

Engineering Geology

Pub Date : 2026-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2026.108600

Hany M. Hassan , Antonella Peresan , Mohamed ElGabry , Mimoun Chourak , Giuliano Panza

The 2023 Al-Haouz earthquake (M_W 6.8) revealed shortcomings in Morocco's seismic hazard forecasts, evidencing the need for improved data and approaches. This study extends the Neo-Deterministic Seismic Hazard Assessment (NDSHA) to the use of design magnitude (M_design) definition. We validated the approach, through testing the performance of ground shaking maps computed for bedrock site condition with respect to the 2023 Al-Haouz (M_W 6.8) and the 2004 Al-Hoceima earthquakes (M_W 6.4).

Using three seismicity catalogues (all truncated to 2012), we generated NDSHA ground shaking maps. Magnitudes were incremented, according to the Panza-Rugarli law, by γ_EMσ_M = 0.5 (γ_EM = 2) and 0.7 (γ_EM = 2.8) respectively, and the predicted peak ground acceleration were compared to recorded data. The results show that the Morocco catalogue with M_design increment values could accurately forecast the ground shaking recorded for the 2023 earthquake.

The analysis demonstrates that NDSHA maps integrated by M_design may significantly reduce underprediction biases, especially for strong intraplate earthquakes. We conclude that M_design is a crucial prerequisite for reliable seismic hazard assessments in regions with sparse seismicity data, thereby enhancing predictive reliability for risk mitigation in Morocco and similar intraplate seismotectonic settings.

2023年Al-Haouz地震（里氏6.8级）暴露了摩洛哥地震灾害预报的不足，证明需要改进数据和方法。本研究将新确定性地震灾害评估（NDSHA）扩展到使用设计震级（Mdesign）定义。通过测试2023年Al-Haouz地震（MW 6.8）和2004年Al-Hoceima地震（MW 6.4）的基岩条件下计算的地面震动图的性能，我们验证了该方法。使用三个地震活动目录（都截断到2012年），我们生成了NDSHA地面震动图。根据Panza-Rugarli定律，分别增加γEMσM = 0.5 （γEM = 2）和0.7 （γEM = 2.8）的震级，并将预测的峰值地加速度与实测数据进行比较。结果表明，具有m设计增量值的摩洛哥目录能够准确预测2023年地震记录的地面震动。分析表明，Mdesign集成的NDSHA地图可以显著减少欠预测偏差，特别是对于强板内地震。我们得出的结论是，Mdesign是在地震活动数据稀少的地区进行可靠地震灾害评估的关键先决条件，从而提高了摩洛哥和类似板内地震构造环境中风险缓解的预测可靠性。

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引用次数: 0

Probabilistic models in rock slope kinematic analysis employing the reliability engineering approaches and considering the variability of rock joint orientations 采用可靠度工程方法并考虑岩体节理方向变异性的岩质边坡运动学分析中的概率模型

IF 8.4 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, GEOLOGICAL

Engineering Geology

Pub Date : 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2026.108592

Ibnu Rusydy , Ghislain Bournival , Ismet Canbulat , Chengguo Zhang

The variability of rock joint orientations significantly influences the type of slope failure, making probability methods crucial in kinematic analysis. This study aims to integrate probability kinematic analysis with reliability engineering methodologies like reliability block diagrams (RBD), event tree analysis (ETA), and fault tree analysis (FTA) to assess slope stability under joint orientation uncertainty. This study also examines the effect of different total friction angles (Φ) and lateral limit angles (γ_lim) using the response surface methodology (RSM). The linear and circular goodness-of-fit tests determine the statistical distribution, allowing 100,000 random joint orientation values to be generated using Latin hypercube sampling (LHS). Results revealed that all three engineering reliability approaches yielded consistent output when integrated with probabilistic kinematic analysis. The probabilistic kinematic analysis and FTA methods analyses failure systems and effectively estimate the probability of occurrence. Whilst RBD evaluates successful systems and reliability. ETA offers both probabilities and is easier to implement, making it suitable for future applications. The RSM shows that the probability of occurrence increases when Φ is lower and γ_lim is high, concluding that selecting the appropriate Φ is crucial for determining the probability of occurrence. However, in wedge failure, the regression coefficient (β₂) ranges from 2 × 10⁻¹⁷ to 0.0043 for γ_lim between 80° and 90°, indicating a low effect on the probability of occurrence.

岩石节理方向的可变性显著影响边坡破坏类型，使得概率方法在运动学分析中至关重要。本研究旨在将概率运动学分析与可靠性方框图（RBD）、事件树分析（ETA）和故障树分析（FTA）等可靠性工程方法相结合，以评估节理方向不确定性下的边坡稳定性。本研究还使用响应面法（RSM）检验了不同的总摩擦角（Φ）和侧向极限角（γlim）的影响。线性和圆形拟合优度测试确定统计分布，允许使用拉丁超立方体抽样（LHS）生成100,000个随机关节方向值。结果表明，当与概率运动学分析相结合时，所有三种工程可靠性方法都产生了一致的输出。概率运动分析和自由贸易区方法分析了失效系统，有效地估计了发生的概率。而RBD则评估成功的系统和可靠性。ETA提供了两种可能性，并且更容易实现，使其适合未来的应用。RSM表明，当Φ较低，γlim较高时，发生概率增大，因此选择合适的Φ对于确定发生概率至关重要。然而，在楔形破坏中，γlim在80°和90°之间，回归系数（β 2）范围为2 × 10−17 ~ 0.0043，表明对发生概率的影响很小。

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引用次数: 0

Seismic response and failure mechanism of pile foundations at different relative positions and rock-socketed depths on deep deposit slopes 深埋边坡不同相对位置和嵌岩深度桩基地震反应及破坏机理

IF 8.4 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, GEOLOGICAL

Engineering Geology

Pub Date : 2026-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2026.108604

Zhongping Yang , Shunbo Zhang , Hua Liu , Miao Liu , Yonghua Li , Qingqiang Guan

In southwestern China, rock-socketed piles are extensively utilised on deep deposit slopes (DDPs), where numerous deposit landslides and the deformation and failure of pile foundations have occurred following earthquakes. This research conducted a series of shaking table tests to assess the impact of seismic action on the seismic response and failure mechanisms of pile foundations at different relative positions (λ) and rock-socketed depths (RSDs) on DDPs. The findings of this study indicate that the nonlinear characteristics of the deposits significantly impact the dynamic properties and acceleration response of both the deposits and the pile foundations, resulting in fluctuations. Pile foundations and deposits near the slope surface experience vibration phase differences and relative motion, resulting in a failure mode characterised by shallow sliding, which notably increases the strain and bending moments in the upper sections of the pile foundations. Both λ and RSD influence the seismic response, deformation, and forces of pile foundations via inertial effects and pile-deposit interaction. The seismic response of the pile (λ = 0) is the most pronounced, whereas the pile-deposit interaction (λ = 1) is the most intense (particularly at depths ranging from 2D to 5D). Contrastingly, the RSD can effectively mitigate these effects on both deposits and pile foundations, and this inhibitory effect is particularly significant for pile foundations with depths exceeding 10D. Based on these findings, this research provides several recommendations concerning the seismic design of pile foundations at different λ and RSDs on DDPs.

在中国西南地区，嵌岩桩被广泛应用于深部沉积物边坡（ddp），这些边坡在地震后发生了大量的沉积物滑坡和桩基变形破坏。本研究通过一系列振动台试验，评估地震作用对不同相对位置（λ）和嵌岩深度（rsd）桩基地震反应的影响及破坏机制。研究结果表明，沉积物的非线性特性对沉积物和桩基的动力特性和加速度响应都有显著影响，产生波动。靠近坡面的桩基和沉积物经历振动相位差和相对运动，形成以浅滑动为特征的破坏模式，显著增加了桩基上部的应变和弯矩。λ和RSD均通过惯性效应和桩-沉积物相互作用影响桩基的地震反应、变形和力。桩的地震反应（λ = 0）最为明显，而桩-沉积物相互作用（λ = 1）最为强烈（特别是在2D至5D深度范围内）。相比之下，RSD对沉积物和桩基均能有效缓解这些影响，且对于深度超过10D的桩基，这种抑制作用尤为显著。基于这些发现，本研究对ddp上不同λ和rsd的桩基抗震设计提出了几点建议。

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引用次数: 0

Noise-resistant automatic seismic framework for monitoring rockslide slope 用于岩滑边坡监测的抗噪自动地震框架

IF 8.4 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, GEOLOGICAL

Engineering Geology

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2026.108574

Chung-Ray Chu , Chiao-Yin Lu , Guan-Wei Lin , En-Jui Lee , Che-Hsin Liu , Chih-Hsin Chang , Hsiao-Yu Huang

National seismic networks provide high-quality data for monitoring large-scale landslides within tens of kilometers, but are difficult to detect small-scale slope failures due to signal attenuation. Denser local networks can enhance monitoring capabilities focusing on prone slopes that potentially cause fatalities and economic losses, but being close to human settlements introduces significant noise interference. This study developed a noise-resistant automatic algorithm including three stages: detection, noise elimination, and classification, for a local seismic network deployed near villages to monitor an active rockslide slope. The main concept is to effectively filter diverse and abundant surrounding noise and purify the dataset before feeding it into the machine learning classifier. During a one-year examination period, 98.6% of non-target sections, including numerous calm ambiences and random noise, were filtered out by STA/LTA, signal-to-noise ratio, and cross-correlation in the detection and noise elimination stages. As a result, the remaining dataset primarily consisted of earthquake and rockslide signals in approximately a 5:1 ratio, with only a few vehicle passages and random noise. This denoised dataset was subsequently used to train a Random Forest classifier with two attribute clusters, achieving good recall rates of 78% for rockslides and 99% for earthquakes. However, approximately 20% of manually labeled rockslides were misclassified as earthquakes due to their overlapping attribute ranges that cause certain distinctive attributes to resemble earthquake characteristics. This study establishes an applicable framework for monitoring slope hazards near vulnerable villages, demonstrating that effective noise filtering can significantly improve the reliability of classification in seismic monitoring implemented in high-noise environments.

国家地震台网为监测几十公里范围内的大规模滑坡提供了高质量的数据，但由于信号衰减，难以检测到小规模的边坡破坏。密集的本地网络可以增强监测能力，重点关注可能造成死亡和经济损失的倾斜斜坡，但靠近人类住区会带来严重的噪音干扰。本研究开发了一种抗噪自动算法，包括三个阶段：检测、噪声消除和分类，用于部署在村庄附近的当地地震网监测活动的岩石滑坡。其主要概念是在将数据集输入机器学习分类器之前，有效地过滤各种丰富的周围噪声，并对数据集进行净化。在为期一年的检测期间，在检测和消噪阶段，通过STA/LTA、信噪比和相互关系过滤掉了98.6%的非目标剖面，包括大量的平静环境和随机噪声。因此，剩下的数据集主要由地震和岩石滑动信号组成，比例约为5:1，只有少数车辆通道和随机噪声。该去噪数据集随后用于训练具有两个属性聚类的随机森林分类器，对滑坡和地震的召回率分别达到78%和99%。然而，大约20%的人工标记的滑坡被错误地分类为地震，因为它们的属性范围重叠，导致某些独特的属性类似于地震特征。本研究建立了易损村庄附近边坡灾害监测的适用框架，表明在高噪声环境下进行有效的噪声滤波可以显著提高地震监测分类的可靠性。

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