Emerging Infectious Diseases最新文献

Ehrlichia muris eauclairensis bacterial infections can manifest with atypical and severe symptoms in immunocompromised patients. We report a fatal case of severe ehrlichiosis caused by E. muris eauclairensis in a liver transplant recipient in Minnesota, USA. Healthcare providers must remain vigilant about tickborne infections in endemic regions, especially among immunocompromised patients.

Sphingobacterium hotanense is a gram-negative bacillus identified in 2013 from soil samples that rarely causes infection in humans. We describe 2 cases of S. hotanense bacteremia secondary to skin and soft tissue infection in immunocompromised patients in Minnesota, USA, highlighting S. hotanense as a potential pathogen in immunocompromised hosts with environmental exposure.

Melioidosis is an underreported cause of community-acquired pneumonia and sepsis in Nigeria. We conducted a cross-sectional study using a Burkholderia pseudomallei protein microarray in 500 healthy participants from Nigeria. We observed a serologic response supportive of past exposure to the causative agent of melioidosis in 30% of study participants.

A 79-year-old man in the United States with large B-cell lymphoma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease had disseminated Nocardia ignorata infection involving the brain and spleen. Despite antimicrobial therapy, he died from complications. This rare manifestation highlights the need to consider Nocardia in immunocompromised patients with central nervous system and abdominal lesions.

Canine leishmaniasis has long been thought to be absent in Malawi. However, our cross-sectional study in indigenous dogs showed a high prevalence of Leishmania infection in some areas, where seropositivity rates reached up to 7.0%. These findings suggest that this neglected zoonotic disease may already be endemic in Malawi.

A localized pertussis outbreak involving 10 unvaccinated infants occurred in Kumamoto, Japan, during March-May 2025. Nine infants were admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit, 6 of whom received a confirmed diagnosis of macrolide-resistant Bordetella pertussis infection. This outbreak highlights the importance of booster vaccinations and resistance surveillance.

During 1993-2023, health officials in New York, USA, received reports of 30 tularemia cases. Of those, 43% were from Suffolk County, 69% were diagnosed during 2014-2023, and 1 person died. Tick surveillance detected Francisella tularensis in 1 pool of nymphs from Suffolk County, indicating localized risk.

Fungi in the family Trichosporonaceae are rarely involved in invasive disease but are frequently associated with colonization or respiratory allergic infection. Trichosporonaceae exhibit intrinsic resistance to echinocandin antimicrobial drugs, posing challenges for treatment and contributing to high mortality rates. We complied a nationwide analysis of 112 cases of invasive disease caused by Trichosporon spp. and related fungi, diagnosed in France over 20 years, that combined clinical data, susceptibility profiles, and molecular identification. We identified 12 species; T. asahii was the most common species recovered, and the new species T. austroamericanum was next. Comparison of clinical data highlighted species and genotypic differences, such as a much higher proportion of children infected by T. asahii and major differences in antimicrobial drug susceptibility. Correct identification is not only of epidemiologic interest but also necessary for patient management because of the varying clinical and microbiological characteristics found in different species.

In patients with acute respiratory infections (ARIs), routine diagnostic tests often fail to identify the microbial cause; thus, many ARIs have undetermined etiology. We investigated potential involvement of thermotolerant bacteria in ARIs among patients in Hong Kong, China, by incubating blood agar inoculated with respiratory specimens at 50°C for 5 days. Among 7,257 specimens analyzed, 58 specimens from 57 patients grew thermotolerant bacteria not identified by other methods. We identified Tepidimonas spp. in 42 isolates, 3 of which appear to be a novel Tepidimonas species (tentatively Tepidimonas hongkongensis sp. nov). Genomic analysis revealed various virulence, resistance, and stress-related genomes in the 3 isolates. Tepidimonas spp. bacteria were predominantly isolated from patients with chronic lung disease and malignancies. We also detected T. hongkongensis in hospital water samples but at a lower percentage than in respiratory specimens, suggesting colonization potential. Clinical implications of T. hongkongensis remain unknown; continued surveillance could determine its role in ARIs.