Saleem Kaseemsaheb Nadaf, Jamal N. Al-Sabahi, A. H. Al Lawati, Almandhar Almamari, Fatima A. Al-Kindi, Abdulaziz Al Maawali, H. Al-Ruqaishi, Ahmed S. Al-Ghafri, Amina Al-Farsi, Nadiya Abubakar Al Saady
Plants have been used directly or indirectly as medicines for over 5000 years as a source of antibiotics, antineoplastics, analgesics, and cardio-protective, among others. Approximately 70–90% of the population in developing countries continue to use ancient medicines based on plant extracts for treatment. Recently, the isolation and identification of biologically active compounds and molecules from nature have led to the discovery of new therapeutics, prompting the improvement of the health and pharmaceutical sectors. Phytochemicals revolve around the pharmaceutical industry's research and development (R&D) sector as a source of new molecules leading to the development of new novel drugs. Given the above, the present investigation addresses the differential nature of wild lavender (Lavandula subnuda Benth) plants of diverse locations in Oman with respect to their chemical composition of the essential oil in addition to morphological characters and chlorophyll contents of leaves to explore the possibility of isolating its prime chemical compounds on a commercial scale in perfumery industry. There are no previous studies so far who have reported on essential oil recovery and chemical composition exclusively in respect of Lavandula subnuda. Composite samples of ten randomly selected plants were collected from wadi habitats of four diversified locations. Edaphic features of managed sites were recorded, and their soil chemical contents were determined following instructions using S1 Titan/Tracer 5/CTX equipment of Bruker developed based on energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF). Morphological traits were measured using a ruler, and chlorophyll contents were recorded using the atLEAF CHL Plus chlorophyll meter as atLEAF values. The essential oil was extracted using ETHO X's advanced microwave extraction system and analyzed for chemical compounds using GC-MS analysis on Shimadzu GC-2010 Plus gas chromatograph. The experimental data were analyzed statistically, wherever required, by applying basic statistics of the EXCEL -16 version. The results indicated that in general, the Lavandula subnuda plants of locations of high altitudes had higher expressivity in all the morphological traits and chlorophyll contents than those of low altitudes. The essential oil recovery, however, was found to be higher from the plant samples of lower altitudes (0.70 to 0.79% (w/w)) than from those of higher mountains/ altitudes (0.15 to 0.18% (w/w)). The pattern of values of commonly occurring chemical contents of essential oils was different. Each essential oil's top ten chemical compounds contributed about 80% of the total in four locations. Of the ten top chemical compounds, eight compounds, namely D-Germacrene (42.67%) from Wadi Al-Khod, Estragole (32%) and Linalool (23.89%) from Wadi Halban), trans-Borneol (23.46%) and 4-Terpineol (18.73%) from Wadi Najd Al-Waqba and Kessane (18.60%), beta-cis-Caryophyllene (13.68%) and beta-Elemene (10.618%) from Wadi Al-Hayul, w
{"title":"Differential Expression of Oman’s Wild Lavender, Lavandula subnuda for Chemical Composition towards Medicinal and Aromatic Application","authors":"Saleem Kaseemsaheb Nadaf, Jamal N. Al-Sabahi, A. H. Al Lawati, Almandhar Almamari, Fatima A. Al-Kindi, Abdulaziz Al Maawali, H. Al-Ruqaishi, Ahmed S. Al-Ghafri, Amina Al-Farsi, Nadiya Abubakar Al Saady","doi":"10.9755/ejfa.2023.3140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.2023.3140","url":null,"abstract":"Plants have been used directly or indirectly as medicines for over 5000 years as a source of antibiotics, antineoplastics, analgesics, and cardio-protective, among others. Approximately 70–90% of the population in developing countries continue to use ancient medicines based on plant extracts for treatment. Recently, the isolation and identification of biologically active compounds and molecules from nature have led to the discovery of new therapeutics, prompting the improvement of the health and pharmaceutical sectors. Phytochemicals revolve around the pharmaceutical industry's research and development (R&D) sector as a source of new molecules leading to the development of new novel drugs. Given the above, the present investigation addresses the differential nature of wild lavender (Lavandula subnuda Benth) plants of diverse locations in Oman with respect to their chemical composition of the essential oil in addition to morphological characters and chlorophyll contents of leaves to explore the possibility of isolating its prime chemical compounds on a commercial scale in perfumery industry. There are no previous studies so far who have reported on essential oil recovery and chemical composition exclusively in respect of Lavandula subnuda. Composite samples of ten randomly selected plants were collected from wadi habitats of four diversified locations. Edaphic features of managed sites were recorded, and their soil chemical contents were determined following instructions using S1 Titan/Tracer 5/CTX equipment of Bruker developed based on energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF). Morphological traits were measured using a ruler, and chlorophyll contents were recorded using the atLEAF CHL Plus chlorophyll meter as atLEAF values. The essential oil was extracted using ETHO X's advanced microwave extraction system and analyzed for chemical compounds using GC-MS analysis on Shimadzu GC-2010 Plus gas chromatograph. The experimental data were analyzed statistically, wherever required, by applying basic statistics of the EXCEL -16 version. The results indicated that in general, the Lavandula subnuda plants of locations of high altitudes had higher expressivity in all the morphological traits and chlorophyll contents than those of low altitudes. The essential oil recovery, however, was found to be higher from the plant samples of lower altitudes (0.70 to 0.79% (w/w)) than from those of higher mountains/ altitudes (0.15 to 0.18% (w/w)). The pattern of values of commonly occurring chemical contents of essential oils was different. Each essential oil's top ten chemical compounds contributed about 80% of the total in four locations. Of the ten top chemical compounds, eight compounds, namely D-Germacrene (42.67%) from Wadi Al-Khod, Estragole (32%) and Linalool (23.89%) from Wadi Halban), trans-Borneol (23.46%) and 4-Terpineol (18.73%) from Wadi Najd Al-Waqba and Kessane (18.60%), beta-cis-Caryophyllene (13.68%) and beta-Elemene (10.618%) from Wadi Al-Hayul, w","PeriodicalId":11648,"journal":{"name":"Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture","volume":"10 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139269477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maxim S. Oshchepkov, A. Kalistratova, Leonid V. Kovalenko, Мaria S. Ivanova, M. Tsvetikova, N. Bystrova, Konstantin A. Kochetkov
The synthetic cytokinins belonging to the class of bifunctional carbamates and oxamates were tested for a biological activity in a wide concentration range of 10-2 M − 10-6 M along with chlorocholine chloride taken as reference. The compounds have a pronounced growth-regulatory activity for wheat seeds (Triticum aestivum L) at the optimal concentration of 10-5 M, at which the germination potential Gp and the germination rate Gr of seeds, as well as resistance to water stress, determined by RWC values reach their maximum values. It was found that the technique of spraying wheat seeds with solutions of the compounds used is more preferable than soaking. Key words: wheat, plant growth regulators, carbamates, oxamates, water stress
对属于双功能氨基甲酸酯类和草氨酸类的合成细胞分裂素进行了生物活性测试，测试浓度范围为 10-2 M - 10-6 M，并以氯化氯胆碱作为参照物。在 10-5 M 的最佳浓度下，这些化合物对小麦种子（Triticum aestivum L）具有明显的生长调节活性，在此浓度下，种子的发芽势 Gp 和发芽率 Gr 以及对水分胁迫的抗性（由 RWC 值决定）均达到最大值。研究发现，用所使用化合物的溶液喷洒小麦种子的技术比浸泡更为可取。 关键词：小麦、植物生长调节剂、氨基甲酸酯、草铵膦、水分胁迫
{"title":"Evaluation of potential and rate of the germination of wheat seeds (Triticum aestivum L) treated with bifunctional growth regulators under water stress","authors":"Maxim S. Oshchepkov, A. Kalistratova, Leonid V. Kovalenko, Мaria S. Ivanova, M. Tsvetikova, N. Bystrova, Konstantin A. Kochetkov","doi":"10.9755/ejfa.2023.3177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.2023.3177","url":null,"abstract":"The synthetic cytokinins belonging to the class of bifunctional carbamates and oxamates were tested for a biological activity in a wide concentration range of 10-2 M − 10-6 M along with chlorocholine chloride taken as reference. The compounds have a pronounced growth-regulatory activity for wheat seeds (Triticum aestivum L) at the optimal concentration of 10-5 M, at which the germination potential Gp and the germination rate Gr of seeds, as well as resistance to water stress, determined by RWC values reach their maximum values. It was found that the technique of spraying wheat seeds with solutions of the compounds used is more preferable than soaking. Key words: wheat, plant growth regulators, carbamates, oxamates, water stress","PeriodicalId":11648,"journal":{"name":"Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture","volume":"73 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139278220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The objectives of this study were to optimize the medium and culture conditions using a strong γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) producer as a reference lactic acid bacterial strain, to screen and identify GABA-producing lactic acid bacterial isolates from kimchi, and to determine their extracellular GABA-producing abilities. Thin-layer chromatography was used to screen GABA-producing bacterial isolates and high-performance liquid chromatography was used to evaluate the bacterial GABA production abilities. Species-specific polymerase chain reaction analyses were used to identify GABA-producing bacterial isolates. The optimal medium and culture conditions were found to be the modified Man–Rogosa–Sharpe (MRS) broth (with an initial pH of 6.5) containing 4% sucrose, 5% glutamate, and 1% yeast extract at 37°C for 5 days. After incubation under the optimized culture conditions, 217 kimchi bacterial isolates were screened to evaluate their respective GABA-producing abilities. Screening the 217 kimchi bacterial isolates identified 24 GABA-producing lactic acid bacterial isolates (11%): Lactobacillus plantarum (17), Lactobacillus brevis (six), and Leuconostoc mesenteroides (one), indicating that only a small proportion of the strains produce GABA in the culture broth. The extracellular GABA-producing abilities of the bacterial strains identified in this study varied even within the same species, ranging from 5.8 to 101.7 mM among the 17 GABA-producing L. plantarum isolates and from 8.5 to 88.6 mM among the six GABA-producing L. brevis isolates. In summary, three species of the 24 kimchi GABA-producing bacterial isolates were identified, including one rare species (L. mesenteroides) and the two most dominant species (L. brevis and L. plantarum). Keywords: Lactobacillus brevis; Lactobacillus plantarum; Leuconostoc mesenteroides; Optimization; γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
{"title":"Optimization of culture conditions for and assessment of kimchi-originated lactic acid bacterial isolates toward their extracellular GABA-producing ability","authors":"Jin-Sung Lee, Keun-Sung Kim","doi":"10.9755/ejfa.2023.3158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.2023.3158","url":null,"abstract":"The objectives of this study were to optimize the medium and culture conditions using a strong γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) producer as a reference lactic acid bacterial strain, to screen and identify GABA-producing lactic acid bacterial isolates from kimchi, and to determine their extracellular GABA-producing abilities. Thin-layer chromatography was used to screen GABA-producing bacterial isolates and high-performance liquid chromatography was used to evaluate the bacterial GABA production abilities. Species-specific polymerase chain reaction analyses were used to identify GABA-producing bacterial isolates. The optimal medium and culture conditions were found to be the modified Man–Rogosa–Sharpe (MRS) broth (with an initial pH of 6.5) containing 4% sucrose, 5% glutamate, and 1% yeast extract at 37°C for 5 days. After incubation under the optimized culture conditions, 217 kimchi bacterial isolates were screened to evaluate their respective GABA-producing abilities. Screening the 217 kimchi bacterial isolates identified 24 GABA-producing lactic acid bacterial isolates (11%): Lactobacillus plantarum (17), Lactobacillus brevis (six), and Leuconostoc mesenteroides (one), indicating that only a small proportion of the strains produce GABA in the culture broth. The extracellular GABA-producing abilities of the bacterial strains identified in this study varied even within the same species, ranging from 5.8 to 101.7 mM among the 17 GABA-producing L. plantarum isolates and from 8.5 to 88.6 mM among the six GABA-producing L. brevis isolates. In summary, three species of the 24 kimchi GABA-producing bacterial isolates were identified, including one rare species (L. mesenteroides) and the two most dominant species (L. brevis and L. plantarum). Keywords: Lactobacillus brevis; Lactobacillus plantarum; Leuconostoc mesenteroides; Optimization; γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)","PeriodicalId":11648,"journal":{"name":"Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture","volume":"1 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139279526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alfredo Olarte Paredes, Adaia Ramírez Contreras, Areli Salgado Delgado, Edgar García Hernández, René Salgado Delgado, T. Lara, Juan Bosco Hernández Zaragoza
Packaging is the main source of polluting plastic waste. Out of the total volume of plastic waste worldwide, the majority corresponds to food packaging. Biodegradable films have been used in a large number of applications across industrial sectors due to their property versatility and environmental factors. There is a growing interest in the search for packaging materials from renewable sources that prove to be functional for food preservation. Among the polymers used, starch has garnered the most attention due to its abundance in nature and biodegradable quality; it is also renewable and low-cost. A methodology was established to increase the shelf life of perishable fruits (blackberry) from 7 to 14 days by adding starch, chitosan, and roselle extract. These biopolymers synergistically contribute by providing support, antibacterial, and antioxidant properties, respectively. The use of chitosan and roselle extract were key to the achievement of this work’s goals, as proven by FT-IR, TGA, SEM, contact angle, and microbiological analyses. The present work focuses on the use of three elements that have not been studied together in biofilm design to preserve fruits.
{"title":"Obtention and characterization of chitosan/starch/roselle films for the preservation of perishable fruits","authors":"Alfredo Olarte Paredes, Adaia Ramírez Contreras, Areli Salgado Delgado, Edgar García Hernández, René Salgado Delgado, T. Lara, Juan Bosco Hernández Zaragoza","doi":"10.9755/ejfa.2023.3157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.2023.3157","url":null,"abstract":"Packaging is the main source of polluting plastic waste. Out of the total volume of plastic waste worldwide, the majority corresponds to food packaging. Biodegradable films have been used in a large number of applications across industrial sectors due to their property versatility and environmental factors. There is a growing interest in the search for packaging materials from renewable sources that prove to be functional for food preservation. Among the polymers used, starch has garnered the most attention due to its abundance in nature and biodegradable quality; it is also renewable and low-cost. A methodology was established to increase the shelf life of perishable fruits (blackberry) from 7 to 14 days by adding starch, chitosan, and roselle extract. These biopolymers synergistically contribute by providing support, antibacterial, and antioxidant properties, respectively. The use of chitosan and roselle extract were key to the achievement of this work’s goals, as proven by FT-IR, TGA, SEM, contact angle, and microbiological analyses. The present work focuses on the use of three elements that have not been studied together in biofilm design to preserve fruits.","PeriodicalId":11648,"journal":{"name":"Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture","volume":"109 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139279568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The use of doubled-haploids in plant breeding programs enables accelerating the release of new varieties adapted to climate change. The durum wheat x maize crosses technique is a method of choice for producing durum wheat haploid plants. The haploid embryos produced by this method develop without albumen and their survival is ensured by post-pollination hormonal treatments. In this study, nine post-pollination treatments with 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), Picloram and Dicamba at the concentrations of 10, 50 and 100 mg.L-1 were applied to 7 durum wheat genotypes. The effects of genotype and post-pollination treatment on durum wheat haploid embryos produced by durum wheat x maize crosses and the use of the endosperm nursing technique for haploid plantlets regeneration were investigated. The haploid induction parameters varied with the durum wheat genotypes as well as the post-pollination treatments. The phenomenon of polyembryony resulting from durum wheat x maize crosses is reported for the first time in this article. The durum wheat genotypes showed different abilities to produce monoembryo and polyembryos. The post-pollination treatments with 2,4-D (10 mg.L-1) and Picloram (10 and 100 mg.L-1) gave a higher embryo formation frequency than the treatments with Dicamba. The embryo conversion to plantlet was greatly improved, especially in recalcitrant genotypes using the durum wheat endosperm as supplemental nourishment in combination with the Gamborg B5 regeneration medium. Keywords: Durum wheat; Haploid embryo; Maize; Nurse Endosperm Technique; Polyembryony
{"title":"Use of nurse endosperm for the culture of haploid embryos produced by durum wheat x maize crosses","authors":"A. Sahli, A. Ltifi, Sonia Mansouri, F. Haouala","doi":"10.9755/ejfa.2023.3151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.2023.3151","url":null,"abstract":"The use of doubled-haploids in plant breeding programs enables accelerating the release of new varieties adapted to climate change. The durum wheat x maize crosses technique is a method of choice for producing durum wheat haploid plants. The haploid embryos produced by this method develop without albumen and their survival is ensured by post-pollination hormonal treatments. In this study, nine post-pollination treatments with 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), Picloram and Dicamba at the concentrations of 10, 50 and 100 mg.L-1 were applied to 7 durum wheat genotypes. The effects of genotype and post-pollination treatment on durum wheat haploid embryos produced by durum wheat x maize crosses and the use of the endosperm nursing technique for haploid plantlets regeneration were investigated. The haploid induction parameters varied with the durum wheat genotypes as well as the post-pollination treatments. The phenomenon of polyembryony resulting from durum wheat x maize crosses is reported for the first time in this article. The durum wheat genotypes showed different abilities to produce monoembryo and polyembryos. The post-pollination treatments with 2,4-D (10 mg.L-1) and Picloram (10 and 100 mg.L-1) gave a higher embryo formation frequency than the treatments with Dicamba. The embryo conversion to plantlet was greatly improved, especially in recalcitrant genotypes using the durum wheat endosperm as supplemental nourishment in combination with the Gamborg B5 regeneration medium. Keywords: Durum wheat; Haploid embryo; Maize; Nurse Endosperm Technique; Polyembryony","PeriodicalId":11648,"journal":{"name":"Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139282164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Daccak, I. Luís, A. Marques, C. Pessoa, A. R. Coelho, C. Galhano, M. M. Silva, P. Legoinha, M. Simões, F. Reboredo, F. Lidon, P. Scotti-Campos, Isabel P Pais, J. Ramalho, António E. Leitão
In grapevines, Zn is essential for normal leaf growth, shoot elongation and pollen development, allowing a fully developed berry. In this context, using as a test system Vitis vinifera L. variety Syrah, this study aimed to assess the interactions between Zn enrichment in grapes and sugars and fatty acids profiles, further considering the sensory implications of red wine production. Vineyard conditions of the soil were assessed to ensure the natural optimal development of grapevines and the workflow for Zn enrichment considered three treatments: foliar spray with water (control) and with ZnSO4 (at 450 and 900g.ha-1). After the 2nd foliar application of ZnSO4, only minor changes of Zn, Ca and P contents were found in grapes (the levels of K, Cu and S increased significantly with ZnSO4 (450 g.ha-1). At harvest, the grapes submitted to foliar application of ZnSO4 showed significantly higher levels of Zn (between 33.38 - 54.41%), but significant deviations in sugars (sucrose, glucose and fructose), fatty acids (C18:0, C18:1, C18:2, C18:3, C16:0, C<16:0) and color parameters were not found. After winemaking, relative to the control, a higher content of Zn persisted (60.59 - 63.82%), without impairing the characteristics desired by consumers. In fact, the wine with ZnSO4 (900 g.ha-1) was the most sensorially accepted. Keywords: Foliar spraying with ZnSO4; Grapes enrichment with Zn; Nutrient’s interactions; Sugars and fatty acids profiles; Vitis vinifera L. variety Syrah; Winemaking.
{"title":"Vitis vinifera L. variety Syrah sprayed with ZnSO4: Effect on fruit quality and winemaking","authors":"D. Daccak, I. Luís, A. Marques, C. Pessoa, A. R. Coelho, C. Galhano, M. M. Silva, P. Legoinha, M. Simões, F. Reboredo, F. Lidon, P. Scotti-Campos, Isabel P Pais, J. Ramalho, António E. Leitão","doi":"10.9755/ejfa.2023.3175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.2023.3175","url":null,"abstract":"In grapevines, Zn is essential for normal leaf growth, shoot elongation and pollen development, allowing a fully developed berry. In this context, using as a test system Vitis vinifera L. variety Syrah, this study aimed to assess the interactions between Zn enrichment in grapes and sugars and fatty acids profiles, further considering the sensory implications of red wine production. Vineyard conditions of the soil were assessed to ensure the natural optimal development of grapevines and the workflow for Zn enrichment considered three treatments: foliar spray with water (control) and with ZnSO4 (at 450 and 900g.ha-1). After the 2nd foliar application of ZnSO4, only minor changes of Zn, Ca and P contents were found in grapes (the levels of K, Cu and S increased significantly with ZnSO4 (450 g.ha-1). At harvest, the grapes submitted to foliar application of ZnSO4 showed significantly higher levels of Zn (between 33.38 - 54.41%), but significant deviations in sugars (sucrose, glucose and fructose), fatty acids (C18:0, C18:1, C18:2, C18:3, C16:0, C<16:0) and color parameters were not found. After winemaking, relative to the control, a higher content of Zn persisted (60.59 - 63.82%), without impairing the characteristics desired by consumers. In fact, the wine with ZnSO4 (900 g.ha-1) was the most sensorially accepted. Keywords: Foliar spraying with ZnSO4; Grapes enrichment with Zn; Nutrient’s interactions; Sugars and fatty acids profiles; Vitis vinifera L. variety Syrah; Winemaking.","PeriodicalId":11648,"journal":{"name":"Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture","volume":"195 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139282517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study was to simulate rice yield in various places and outline a rice yield map for the study area using GIS, remote sensing, and a rice model. As a case study, the data were collected on the climate, soil characteristics, and rice cropping status in the AnGiang province (Southern of the Mekong River Delta in Viet Nam). The AquaCrop model was used to predict rice yield. The MODIS image delineated the rice cropping status based on spatial and temporal NDVI values. The results of the yield simulation are then put together with information about where the rice was planted, the weather, and the properties of the soil to make a map of the yield distribution. Finally, the outcomes are verified and contrasted with the statistical findings in the last step. The rice yield was predicted and compared with actual 1 and 6 percent rice yields. The anticipated rice yield map was established for the Winter-Spring cropping season 2012-2013 and the Summer-Autumn and Autumn–Winter cropping seasons 2013. Rice production and yield distribution can be divided into two major areas. The alluvial soil area produces significantly more rice than the LongXuyen quadrangle area because of the difference in soil and weather conditions. Rice yield simulation and delineation combining remote sensing and crop models is a good approach for yield prediction and better agricultural management strategy development in a country or region. The accuracy of the results depends on the quality of the input data, such as soil weather and remote sensing. Keywords: GIS, MODIS, cropping season, rice yield
{"title":"Delineation of Rice Yield and Production in Combination of Crop Model and Remote Sensing","authors":"Minh, Vo Quang, Hien Tran Thi","doi":"10.9755/ejfa.2023.3172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.2023.3172","url":null,"abstract":"The study was to simulate rice yield in various places and outline a rice yield map for the study area using GIS, remote sensing, and a rice model. As a case study, the data were collected on the climate, soil characteristics, and rice cropping status in the AnGiang province (Southern of the Mekong River Delta in Viet Nam). The AquaCrop model was used to predict rice yield. The MODIS image delineated the rice cropping status based on spatial and temporal NDVI values. The results of the yield simulation are then put together with information about where the rice was planted, the weather, and the properties of the soil to make a map of the yield distribution. Finally, the outcomes are verified and contrasted with the statistical findings in the last step. The rice yield was predicted and compared with actual 1 and 6 percent rice yields. The anticipated rice yield map was established for the Winter-Spring cropping season 2012-2013 and the Summer-Autumn and Autumn–Winter cropping seasons 2013. Rice production and yield distribution can be divided into two major areas. The alluvial soil area produces significantly more rice than the LongXuyen quadrangle area because of the difference in soil and weather conditions. Rice yield simulation and delineation combining remote sensing and crop models is a good approach for yield prediction and better agricultural management strategy development in a country or region. The accuracy of the results depends on the quality of the input data, such as soil weather and remote sensing. Keywords: GIS, MODIS, cropping season, rice yield","PeriodicalId":11648,"journal":{"name":"Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139282550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Munar, M. Sembiring, Tengku Sabrina, Ahmad Rafiqi Tantawi
Phosphorus (P) is a macronutrient requirement by plants. P elements applied to the soil are quickly deposited into an insoluble form. Insoluble P in the soil can be converted into available P by phosphate solubilizing microbes. One of the factors that affect the activity and growth of phosphate solubilizing microbes is sound. This study aims to isolate and identify phosphate solubilizing soil microbes in the rhizosphere of maize by sound exposure. The research was conducted by sound treatment and without sound of Al-Quran recitation in the rhizosphere of maize, then isolated and identified the phosphate solubilizing microbes. The research results obtained 11 isolates consisting of three isolates of fungi and eight isolates of bacteria. Fungi isolates found on sound-exposure soil. Subsequently, the highest microbes of phosphate dissolution index and growth curve after the sound exposure will be identified. The results of identification using the PCR-16S rRNA sequencing method showed the phosphate solubilizing bacteria isolate TSB1 was Burkholderia contaminants, TSB4 was B. latens, SMB2 was B. cepacia, and SMB4 was Burkholderia sp. Phosphate solubilizing fungi SMJ3 isolate was Talaromyces muroii and SMJ6 was Talaromyces sp. The growth curve of the phosphate solubilizing bacteria showed a different pattern, likewise phosphate solubilizing fungi. Keywords: Isolation; Identification; Phosphate Solubilizing Microbes; Sound
{"title":"Isolation and identification of phosphate solubilizing microbes in the rhizosphere of maize by sound exposure","authors":"A. Munar, M. Sembiring, Tengku Sabrina, Ahmad Rafiqi Tantawi","doi":"10.9755/ejfa.2023.3169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.2023.3169","url":null,"abstract":"Phosphorus (P) is a macronutrient requirement by plants. P elements applied to the soil are quickly deposited into an insoluble form. Insoluble P in the soil can be converted into available P by phosphate solubilizing microbes. One of the factors that affect the activity and growth of phosphate solubilizing microbes is sound. This study aims to isolate and identify phosphate solubilizing soil microbes in the rhizosphere of maize by sound exposure. The research was conducted by sound treatment and without sound of Al-Quran recitation in the rhizosphere of maize, then isolated and identified the phosphate solubilizing microbes. The research results obtained 11 isolates consisting of three isolates of fungi and eight isolates of bacteria. Fungi isolates found on sound-exposure soil. Subsequently, the highest microbes of phosphate dissolution index and growth curve after the sound exposure will be identified. The results of identification using the PCR-16S rRNA sequencing method showed the phosphate solubilizing bacteria isolate TSB1 was Burkholderia contaminants, TSB4 was B. latens, SMB2 was B. cepacia, and SMB4 was Burkholderia sp. Phosphate solubilizing fungi SMJ3 isolate was Talaromyces muroii and SMJ6 was Talaromyces sp. The growth curve of the phosphate solubilizing bacteria showed a different pattern, likewise phosphate solubilizing fungi. Keywords: Isolation; Identification; Phosphate Solubilizing Microbes; Sound","PeriodicalId":11648,"journal":{"name":"Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture","volume":"466 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139283019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. İdi̇kut, Duygu Uskutoğlu, Songül Çiftçi Sakin, G. Zulkadir
In this study, the effect of corn on grain quality was investigated by applying different weed removal processes in corn plant. These, which was repeated for two years, four weed removal treatments [Hand hoe (H), hand and tractor hoe (HT), tractor hoe (T), and no-operation-control (C)] were tested on corn in a pre-treated [radish (R)] and an untreated [no front crop (NR)] field. According to the means of the applications for the years; thousand grain weight (TGW) and weight of ear grain (WEG) values were high in R, H and HT applications, while the lowest values were obtained in control applications. In protein content (PC), it has been noted that R application reduces the PC value while hoe applications gave parallel results with TGW and WEG. Rod ratio on the cob (RRC) and starch content (SC) values were positively affected by R and C applications. Finally, in the oil content (OC) value, it has been seen that the differences in the combination of the applications where the NR and C applications have insignificant but positive effects are more prominent. As a result, while R, H and HT applications and their combinations caused positive effects on yield-related parameters (TGW and WEG), some inconsistencies were observed in quality parameters (OC, SC and PC). It is thought that these discrepancies are caused by changes in the nutrient content of the soil and its acceptability by the plant, influenced by changes in the amount of precipitation. Keywords: agroecology; allelopathy; bio-herbicide; Raphanus sativus; Zea mays L.
本研究通过对玉米植株采用不同的除草工艺，调查了玉米对谷物品质的影响。 在预处理[萝卜（R）]和未处理[无前茬作物（NR）]田块中，对玉米进行了四种除草处理[手锄（H）、手锄和拖拉机锄（HT）、拖拉机锄（T）和不操作控制（C）]试验，试验重复进行了两年。根据各年施药的平均值，R、H 和 HT 施药的千粒重（TGW）和穗粒重（WEG）值较高，而对照施药的值最低。在蛋白质含量（PC）方面，施用 R 会降低 PC 值，而施用锄头的结果与千粒重和穗粒重相同。茎杆比率（RRC）和淀粉含量（SC）值受到 R 和 C 应用的积极影响。最后，在含油量（OC）值方面，可以看出，在 NR 和 C 的应用中，组合应用的差异并不显著，但积极影响更为突出。因此，虽然 R、H 和 HT 应用及其组合对产量相关参数（TGW 和 WEG）产生了积极影响，但在质量参数（OC、SC 和 PC）方面却出现了一些不一致。据认为，造成这些差异的原因是土壤养分含量的变化以及植物对养分的接受能力受到降水量变化的影响。 关键词：农业生态学；等位基因；生物除草剂；Raphanus sativus；Zea mays L.
{"title":"Pre-plant application and different weed removal applications and their combinations caused positive effects on yield-related parameters","authors":"L. İdi̇kut, Duygu Uskutoğlu, Songül Çiftçi Sakin, G. Zulkadir","doi":"10.9755/ejfa.2023.3171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.2023.3171","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the effect of corn on grain quality was investigated by applying different weed removal processes in corn plant. These, which was repeated for two years, four weed removal treatments [Hand hoe (H), hand and tractor hoe (HT), tractor hoe (T), and no-operation-control (C)] were tested on corn in a pre-treated [radish (R)] and an untreated [no front crop (NR)] field. According to the means of the applications for the years; thousand grain weight (TGW) and weight of ear grain (WEG) values were high in R, H and HT applications, while the lowest values were obtained in control applications. In protein content (PC), it has been noted that R application reduces the PC value while hoe applications gave parallel results with TGW and WEG. Rod ratio on the cob (RRC) and starch content (SC) values were positively affected by R and C applications. Finally, in the oil content (OC) value, it has been seen that the differences in the combination of the applications where the NR and C applications have insignificant but positive effects are more prominent. As a result, while R, H and HT applications and their combinations caused positive effects on yield-related parameters (TGW and WEG), some inconsistencies were observed in quality parameters (OC, SC and PC). It is thought that these discrepancies are caused by changes in the nutrient content of the soil and its acceptability by the plant, influenced by changes in the amount of precipitation. Keywords: agroecology; allelopathy; bio-herbicide; Raphanus sativus; Zea mays L.","PeriodicalId":11648,"journal":{"name":"Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139283024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract: The study aimed to uncloak use efficiency of energy and greenhouse gas dispersions in tea cultivation. The study was performed in Rize Province of Türkiye in 2021. In the study, the energy input-output, specific energy, net energy, energy productivity, energy efficiency, types of energy input; greenhouse gas emission, and greenhouse gas emission rates were calculated. A proportional sample survey was used to assess the number of enterprises to be studied for survey and data studies, and face-to-face interviews were held in 2021 with 103 enterprises that could be reached. In the study, energy input was 25686.59 MJha-1, output of energy as 10633.04 MJha-1, efficiency of energy as 0.41, specific energy as 1.93 MJkg-1, productivity of energy as 0.52 kgMJ-1, net energy as -15053.55 MJha-1. 48.72% of all the inputs used in production consisted of human labor energy by 12513.35 MJha-1, 34.40% consisted of the energy of chemical fertilizers by 8835.67 MJha-1, 10.02% consisted of diesel fuel by 2573.37 MJha-1, 4.41% consisted of electricity by 1134 MJha-1, 2.22% consisted of machinery by 570.40 MJha-1 and 0.23% consisted of transportation by 59.81 MJha-1. 63.15% (16220 MJha-1) of the inputs consisted of direct 36.85% (9465.88 MJha-1) and consisted of indirect energy, 48.72% (12513.35 MJha-1) consisted of renewable energy and 51.28% (13173.24 MJha-1) consisted of non-renewable energy. Total greenhouse gas dispersion and greenhouse gas dispersion ratio have been respectively calculated as 551.82 kgCO2-eqha-1 and 0.04 kgCO2-eqkg-1. Keywords: Energy consumption; GHG dispersion; GHG ratio; Tea; Türkiye
{"title":"Investigating greenhouse gas dispersions and energy consumptive in tea cultivation","authors":"Taner Yıldız","doi":"10.9755/ejfa.2023.3173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.2023.3173","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The study aimed to uncloak use efficiency of energy and greenhouse gas dispersions in tea cultivation. The study was performed in Rize Province of Türkiye in 2021. In the study, the energy input-output, specific energy, net energy, energy productivity, energy efficiency, types of energy input; greenhouse gas emission, and greenhouse gas emission rates were calculated. A proportional sample survey was used to assess the number of enterprises to be studied for survey and data studies, and face-to-face interviews were held in 2021 with 103 enterprises that could be reached. In the study, energy input was 25686.59 MJha-1, output of energy as 10633.04 MJha-1, efficiency of energy as 0.41, specific energy as 1.93 MJkg-1, productivity of energy as 0.52 kgMJ-1, net energy as -15053.55 MJha-1. 48.72% of all the inputs used in production consisted of human labor energy by 12513.35 MJha-1, 34.40% consisted of the energy of chemical fertilizers by 8835.67 MJha-1, 10.02% consisted of diesel fuel by 2573.37 MJha-1, 4.41% consisted of electricity by 1134 MJha-1, 2.22% consisted of machinery by 570.40 MJha-1 and 0.23% consisted of transportation by 59.81 MJha-1. 63.15% (16220 MJha-1) of the inputs consisted of direct 36.85% (9465.88 MJha-1) and consisted of indirect energy, 48.72% (12513.35 MJha-1) consisted of renewable energy and 51.28% (13173.24 MJha-1) consisted of non-renewable energy. Total greenhouse gas dispersion and greenhouse gas dispersion ratio have been respectively calculated as 551.82 kgCO2-eqha-1 and 0.04 kgCO2-eqkg-1. Keywords: Energy consumption; GHG dispersion; GHG ratio; Tea; Türkiye","PeriodicalId":11648,"journal":{"name":"Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139282866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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