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Physicochemical, morphological and functional characteristics of starch isolated from Quercus ilex and Quercus coccifera 从栎树和柞树中分离出的淀粉的物理化学、形态和功能特征
IF 1.1 4区 农林科学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-12-12 DOI: 10.9755/ejfa.2023.3185
Rabeb Lassoued, M. Abderrabba, J. Mejri, Wafa Najar Benahmed, Aymen Benhmed, Mounir Ferhi
The present research work examined and compared the morphological, physicochemical and functional characteristics extracted from two oak varietiesgrowing inTunisia. Among the findings, it was observed that Quercus ilex's starch granules had the the hightest value of lipid and phosphor content. When observed under scanning electron microscopy, both Quercus ilex and Quercus coccifera starch granules exhibited various shapes such as ovoid, spherical, elliptical and irregular, with diameters ranging from 4 to 25 µm. As for the X-ray diffraction patterns, acorn starch from both varieties displayed an A-type pattern. Comparing the properties, Quercus coccifera acorn starch exhibited higher values for the light transmittance values, the solubility, the swelling power and the gelatinization temperatures than Quercus ilex acorn starch. However, the transition enthalpy of Quercus coccifera acorn starch was the lowest among the studied parameters. These results indicate that these properties are significantly (p<0.05) different depending on the oak variety. Thus, the starches of Quercus ilex and Quercus coccifera could play different roles in various industrial applications.  Keywords: acorn, functional properties starch,Quercus,physicochemical properties
本研究工作考察并比较了从生长在突尼斯的两个橡树品种中提取的形态、理化和功能特征。研究结果表明,槲树淀粉颗粒中的脂质和磷含量最高。在扫描电子显微镜下观察,柞树和柞树淀粉颗粒呈现出各种形状,如卵圆形、球形、椭圆形和不规则形,直径在 4 至 25 微米之间。至于 X 射线衍射图样,两个品种的橡子淀粉都显示出 A 型图案。比较两种淀粉的特性,柞树橡子淀粉的透光率、溶解度、膨胀力和糊化温度均高于栎树橡子淀粉。然而,在所研究的参数中,柞树橡子淀粉的转化焓最低。这些结果表明,这些特性因橡树品种的不同而有显著差异(p<0.05)。因此,栎类和柞树的淀粉在各种工业应用中可以发挥不同的作用。 关键词:橡子;功能特性淀粉;柞树;理化特性
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引用次数: 0
Physiological and Biochemical Effect of Elevated Night Temperature Stress on Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) 夜温胁迫对面包小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)的生理生化影响
IF 1.1 4区 农林科学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-12-12 DOI: 10.9755/ejfa.2023.3186
Md. Afjal Ahmad, Pravin Prakash, J. P. Srivastava, K. Dujeshwer, Anil K. Singh, H. S. Jatav
A laboratory experimentation was done in the Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University to evaluate elevated night temperature effect in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to see the response in some antioxidant and biochemical parameters in two wheat cultivars viz. HUW-234 (comparatively tolerant to heat stress) and sonalika (comparatively susceptible to heat stress). A significance difference was recorded in the parameters pertaining to antioxidant system includes catalase, SOD and APX activity were found to increase substantially when the plants kept under stress conditions (250C/ 240C day and night temperature) than the plants kept under controlled condition (250C/150C day and night temperature). The percent increase in the antioxidant enzyme activity was found to be more in the tolerant genotype (HUW-234) than in the susceptible genotype (Sonalika). There was 23.52 % increase was reported in the catalase activity by tolerant genotype when kept under stress conditions than those kept under control. Significant reductions were reported in most of the photosynthetic and membrane parameters viz., chlorophyll ‘a’, chlorophyll ‘b’ and membrane thermostability index. Similar percent reduction was reported with respect to biochemical parameters (total protein content, starch content and soluble sugar content) in the susceptible variety kept under high night temperature regime. Based on the pooled data of two-year experimentation it can be concluded that variety HUW-234 was found to be more tolerant than variety sonalika to HNT stress. Key Words: High night temperature, Wheat, Catalase activity, Anti-oxidant system.
巴纳拉斯印度教大学农业科学研究所植物生理学系进行了一项实验室实验,以评估夜间温度升高对小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)的影响,观察两个小麦栽培品种,即 HUW-234(相对耐受热胁迫)和 sonalika(相对易受热胁迫)的一些抗氧化和生化参数的反应。在与抗氧化系统有关的参数中,发现在胁迫条件下(昼夜温差为 250 摄氏度/240 摄氏度)的植株比在控制条件下(昼夜温差为 250 摄氏度/150 摄氏度)的植株的过氧化氢酶、SOD 和 APX 活性显著增加。抗逆基因型(HUW-234)的抗氧化酶活性增加百分比高于易感基因型(Sonalika)。据报告,在胁迫条件下,耐受基因型的过氧化氢酶活性比对照基因型提高了 23.52%。叶绿素'a'、叶绿素'b'和膜热稳定性指数等大多数光合作用和膜参数都显著降低。在夜间高温条件下,易感品种的生化参数(总蛋白含量、淀粉含量和可溶性糖含量)也出现了类似的百分比下降。根据两年实验的综合数据,可以得出结论:品种 HUW-234 比品种 sonalika 更能承受 HNT 胁迫。 关键字高夜温 小麦 过氧化氢酶活性 抗氧化系统
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引用次数: 0
Phenolic content and antioxidant activity in Lentinula edodes grown on eucalyptus biomass 生长在桉树生物质上的小扁豆酚含量和抗氧化活性
IF 1.1 4区 农林科学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-12-12 DOI: 10.9755/ejfa.2023.3184
María E. Jimenez, Helen E. Berrus, Joselyn D. Segarra, Oscar L. Peralta, Mercy P. Pólit, Lisbeth C. Campuzano, Raisa A. Carpio, María P. Fondevila, María C. Villacres
Objective. To determine whether Lentinula edodes (L edodes) cultured on eucalyptus chips in the Ecuadorian highland generates antioxidant metabolites and anti-inflammatory effects. Methods. Total phenolic content was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu reaction, the in vitro antioxidant activity of L edodes extracts was evaluated by the DPPH method and the in vivo anti-inflammatory activity was studied in mice. The chemical composition was studied by phytochemical screening and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Results. Total phenols were higher in extracts with increasingly high-water content. The antioxidant activity was robust and significantly strong in these extracts, suggesting the active metabolites are water-soluble. The anti-inflammation activity was significant in aqueous extracts only. Phytochemical screening indicated an overall similar composition to the literature reported earlier. GC/MS detected galactitol, trehalose, xylitol, phosphoric acid and octadecanoic acid among the most abundant metabolites. Conclusions. Cultivation on eucalyptus biomass at the Ecuadorian highlands retains the overall chemical composition, the phenolic content, antioxidant levels, and the in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of L edodes. The 11.3% content of trehalose observed is interesting for its capacity to control cellular stress damage. Key Words: inflammation, antioxidants, phenols, shiitake, Lentinula, phytotherapeutics
目的确定在厄瓜多尔高原桉树木屑上培养的扁豆(Lentinula edodes)是否会产生抗氧化代谢物和抗炎作用。 研究方法:采用化学方法测定总酚含量。用 Folin-Ciocalteu 反应测定总酚含量,用 DPPH 法评估莱菔子提取物的体外抗氧化活性,用小鼠研究其体内抗炎活性。通过植物化学筛选和气相色谱/质谱法(GC/MS)对化学成分进行了研究。 结果显示含水量越高的提取物总酚越高。这些萃取物的抗氧化活性很强,而且明显高于其他萃取物,这表明活性代谢产物是水溶性的。只有水提取物具有显著的抗炎活性。植物化学筛选表明,其总体成分与之前报道的文献相似。GC/MS 检测到半乳糖醇、三卤糖、木糖醇、磷酸和十八酸等代谢物含量最高。 结论在厄瓜多尔高原的桉树生物质上进行栽培,保留了莱德菌的整体化学成分、酚类含量、抗氧化水平和体内抗炎活性。所观察到的 11.3% 的三卤糖含量对其控制细胞应激损伤的能力很有意义。 关键词:炎症、抗氧化剂、酚类、香菇、扁豆、植物疗法
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引用次数: 0
Effects of adding isolated Lactobacillus plantarum, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, and their mixtures on the quality indices of pickled Chinese cabbage 添加分离的植物乳杆菌、中生白念珠菌及其混合物对腌制大白菜质量指标的影响
IF 1.1 4区 农林科学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-12-12 DOI: 10.9755/ejfa.2023.3183
Yan Liu, Meng Yang, Dalong Li, Yaowei Zhang
Pickled Chinese cabbage traditional fermented vegetables is popular in China, especially the northeast, owing to their special flavors. Spontaneous fermented Chinese cabbage usually has rich and mellow flavor because of abundant microorganism in the fermentation broth. In our study, LAB were screened from spontaneous Chinese cabbage and identified including morphology, physiology and biochemistry, and molecular levels. 11 of these were used as a single inocula to ferment Chinese cabbage, and acid contents, soluble sugar contents, Vc contents, cellulose contents and nitrite contents of these pickled Chinese cabbage were measured. Overall, three superior strains mixture(X1, M2, and D2) were inoculated to improve the fermentation characteristics of pickled Chinese cabbage. Furthermore, pickled Chinese cabbage with the mixture had the highest acid and Vc contents, the lowest nitrite content, and medium fiber content. The sensory quality mixed inocula was also the best compared with products prepared with single strain and spontaneous fermentation. Keywords: Lactobacillus plantarum; Leuconostoc mesenteroides; pickled Chinese cabbage, mixed LAB
腌制大白菜是传统的发酵蔬菜,因其风味独特,在中国尤其是东北地区很受欢迎。由于发酵液中含有丰富的微生物,自发酵大白菜通常具有浓郁醇厚的风味。在我们的研究中,从自发大白菜中筛选出了 LAB,并对其进行了形态学、生理生化和分子水平的鉴定。将其中 11 株作为单一接种物用于发酵大白菜,并测定了这些腌制大白菜的酸含量、可溶性糖含量、Vc 含量、纤维素含量和亚硝酸盐含量。总之,三种优良菌株(X1、M2 和 D2)的混合接种改善了腌制大白菜的发酵特性。此外,混合接种的腌制大白菜酸度和 Vc 含量最高,亚硝酸盐含量最低,纤维含量适中。与单一菌种和自发发酵的产品相比,混合接种物的感官质量也是最好的。 关键词:植物乳杆菌植物乳杆菌;介根白念珠菌;腌制大白菜;混合 LAB
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引用次数: 0
Polyphenol galangin induces the ROS and ER stress-mediated intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways towards human colon carcinoma HCT-116 cells 多酚高良姜素诱导 ROS 和 ER 应激介导的人结肠癌 HCT-116 细胞内在和外在凋亡途径
IF 1.1 4区 农林科学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-12-12 DOI: 10.9755/ejfa.2023.3192
Ina Ramírez Miranda, David Betancur Ancona, Yolanda Moguel Ordóñez
The Melipona beecheii honey has bioactive compounds with high antioxidant activity that influence its colour. This research evaluated the influence of phenolic compounds and flavonoids on the colour and antioxidant activity of M. beecheii honeys. Forty-three honey samples from different site located in the low deciduous forest of Yucatan, Mexico, were extracted during the harvest and post-harvest seasons (2020 – 2021). The Pfund method was used to measure colour, Folin-Ciocalteu method for phenols measurement, aluminum chloride method for flavonoids determination, and ABTS and DPPH IC50 assay to determine antioxidants. The predominant colour of the honey was extra light amber and light amber at both seasons. Phenols ranged from 780 to 1317 mg/kg GAE; flavonoids from 36 to 55 mg/kg CE and antioxidant were 675 to 1161 µmol/kg TEAC by the ABTS and 361.8 to 173.0 mg/mL by the DPPH IC50.  Phenols and flavonoids were correlated with colour and radical scavenging activity, indicating the influence of these compounds with the darker colour and higher antioxidant activity of honey. The statistically significant difference (P<0.05) between seasons could be associated with the botanical origin with great diversity of melliferous flora present in the low deciduous forest of the Yucatan Peninsula. Keywords: Antioxidant; colour; flavonoids; honey; Melipona beecheii.
Melipona beecheii 蜂蜜中的生物活性化合物具有很高的抗氧化活性,会影响其颜色。这项研究评估了酚类化合物和类黄酮对 Melipona beecheii 蜂蜜颜色和抗氧化活性的影响。研究人员在采收季节和采收后季节(2020-2021 年)从墨西哥尤卡坦低矮落叶林的不同地点提取了 43 份蜂蜜样品。采用 Pfund 法测量颜色,Folin-Ciocalteu 法测量酚类,氯化铝法测定黄酮类化合物,ABTS 和 DPPH IC50 法测定抗氧化剂。两季蜂蜜的主要颜色为特浅琥珀色和浅琥珀色。酚类介于 780 至 1317 毫克/千克 GAE 之间;类黄酮介于 36 至 55 毫克/千克 CE 之间;ABTS 法测定的抗氧化剂为 675 至 1161 微摩尔/千克 TEAC,DPPH IC50 法测定的抗氧化剂为 361.8 至 173.0 毫克/毫升。 酚类和类黄酮与颜色和自由基清除活性相关,表明这些化合物会影响蜂蜜的颜色和抗氧化活性。不同季节之间的差异(P<0.05)具有统计学意义,这可能与尤卡坦半岛低矮落叶林的植物多样性有关。 关键词抗氧化剂;颜色;类黄酮;蜂蜜;Melipona beecheii。
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引用次数: 0
Optimizing the making of modified plantain flour by the mixed-culture of lactic acid bacteria and yeast 通过乳酸菌和酵母的混合培养优化改性车前草粉的制作过程
IF 1.1 4区 农林科学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-12-12 DOI: 10.9755/ejfa.2023.3181
F. Setiyoningrum, G. Priadi, F. Afiati, D. Desnilasari, R. Kumalasari, R. Ekafitri
Fermentation factors in the making of modified plantain flour must be optimized to obtain optimum conditions that produce the desired characteristics of flour/starch. In this research, we used mix-cultured lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and yeast for plantain fermentation. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used to explain the quantitative relationship between input and response variables. The design used is Combine D-optimal. The quantitative independent variables (X) selected were A = culture concentration (lower limit 2%; upper limit 6%) and B = fermentation time (lower limit 8 hours; upper limit 24 hours). Descriptive variables were C = type of plantain (C1 = “tanduk” plantain; C2 = “nangka” plantain) and D = type of culture (D1 = SC; D2 = LAB1 + LAB2; D3 = LAB1 + LAB3; D4 = LAB2 + LAB3; D5 = LAB1 + LAB1 + SC; D6 = LAB1 + LAB3 + SC; D7 = LAB2 + LAB3 + SC). Parameters of flour characteristic analyzed or response (Y) were carboxyl number (Y1), total acid (Y2), swelling number (Y3), pH (Y4), paste clarity (Y5), gelatinization properties: peak (Y6); trough 1 (Y7); breakdown (Y8); final viscosity (Y9); setback(Y10); peak time (Y11); pasting temperature (Y12), water content (Y13), color : *L (Y14); *a(Y15); *b (Y16) and c (Y17). The result showed that a combination of 6% culture concentration and 12.62 hours of fermentation time with a desirability value of 0.66 was the optimum condition with carboxyl value 0.15, total acid 0.47, swelling rate 13.49, peak time 5397.02, breakdown 2259.22, final viscosity 4125.22, setback 98.99, and dL 65.59. Keywords: modification flour, optimum condition, fermentation
在制作改良车前草面粉的过程中,必须对发酵因素进行优化,以获得最佳条件,产生所需的面粉/淀粉特性。在这项研究中,我们使用混合培养的乳酸菌(LAB)和酵母进行车前草发酵。采用响应面法(RSM)来解释输入变量和响应变量之间的定量关系。采用的设计是组合 D-最优设计。选定的定量自变量(X)为 A = 培养浓度(下限 2%;上限 6%)和 B = 发酵时间(下限 8 小时;上限 24 小时)。描述性变量为 C = 车前草类型(C1 = "tanduk" 车前草;C2 = "nangka" 车前草)和 D = 培养物类型(D1 = SC;D2 = LAB1 + LAB2;D3 = LAB1 + LAB3;D4 = LAB2 + LAB3;D5 = LAB1 + LAB1 + SC;D6 = LAB1 + LAB3 + SC;D7 = LAB2 + LAB3 + SC)。分析或响应(Y)的面粉特性参数有:羧基数(Y1)、总酸(Y2)、膨胀数(Y3)、pH 值(Y4)、糊状物透明度(Y5)、糊化特性:峰值 (Y6);低谷 1 (Y7);分解 (Y8);最终粘度 (Y9);后退 (Y10);峰值时间 (Y11);糊化温度 (Y12);含水量 (Y13);颜色:*L (Y14);*a (Y15);*b (Y16) 和 c (Y17)。结果表明,培养浓度为 6%、发酵时间为 12.62 小时、可取值为 0.66 的组合是最佳条件,其羧基值为 0.15,总酸为 0.47,膨胀率为 13.49,峰值时间为 5397.02,分解时间为 2259.22,最终粘度为 4125.22,后退率为 98.99,dL 为 65.59。 关键词:改良面粉、最佳条件、发酵
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引用次数: 0
Differential Expression of Oman’s Wild Lavender, Lavandula subnuda for Chemical Composition towards Medicinal and Aromatic Application 差异表达阿曼野生薰衣草(Lavandula subnuda)的化学成分,促进药用和芳香应用
IF 1.1 4区 农林科学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-11-16 DOI: 10.9755/ejfa.2023.3140
Saleem Kaseemsaheb Nadaf, Jamal N. Al-Sabahi, A. H. Al Lawati, Almandhar Almamari, Fatima A. Al-Kindi, Abdulaziz Al Maawali, H. Al-Ruqaishi, Ahmed S. Al-Ghafri, Amina Al-Farsi, Nadiya Abubakar Al Saady
Plants have been used directly or indirectly as medicines for over 5000 years as a source of antibiotics, antineoplastics, analgesics, and cardio-protective, among others. Approximately 70–90% of the population in developing countries continue to use ancient medicines based on plant extracts for treatment. Recently, the isolation and identification of biologically active compounds and molecules from nature have led to the discovery of new therapeutics, prompting the improvement of the health and pharmaceutical sectors. Phytochemicals revolve around the pharmaceutical industry's research and development (R&D) sector as a source of new molecules leading to the development of new novel drugs. Given the above, the present investigation addresses the differential nature of wild lavender (Lavandula subnuda Benth) plants of diverse locations in Oman with respect to their chemical composition of the essential oil in addition to morphological characters and chlorophyll contents of leaves to explore the possibility of isolating its prime chemical compounds on a commercial scale in perfumery industry. There are no previous studies so far who have reported on essential oil recovery and chemical composition exclusively in respect of Lavandula subnuda. Composite samples of ten randomly selected plants were collected from wadi habitats of four diversified locations. Edaphic features of managed sites were recorded, and their soil chemical contents were determined following instructions using S1 Titan/Tracer 5/CTX equipment of Bruker developed based on energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF). Morphological traits were measured using a ruler, and chlorophyll contents were recorded using the atLEAF CHL Plus chlorophyll meter as atLEAF values. The essential oil was extracted using ETHO X's advanced microwave extraction system and analyzed for chemical compounds using GC-MS analysis on Shimadzu GC-2010 Plus gas chromatograph. The experimental data were analyzed statistically, wherever required, by applying basic statistics of the EXCEL -16 version. The results indicated that in general, the Lavandula subnuda plants of locations of high altitudes had higher expressivity in all the morphological traits and chlorophyll contents than those of low altitudes. The essential oil recovery, however, was found to be higher from the plant samples of lower altitudes (0.70 to 0.79% (w/w)) than from those of higher mountains/ altitudes (0.15 to 0.18% (w/w)). The pattern of values of commonly occurring chemical contents of essential oils was different. Each essential oil's top ten chemical compounds contributed about 80% of the total in four locations. Of the ten top chemical compounds, eight compounds, namely D-Germacrene (42.67%) from Wadi Al-Khod, Estragole (32%) and Linalool (23.89%) from Wadi Halban), trans-Borneol (23.46%) and 4-Terpineol (18.73%) from Wadi Najd Al-Waqba and Kessane (18.60%), beta-cis-Caryophyllene (13.68%) and beta-Elemene (10.618%) from Wadi Al-Hayul, w
植物作为抗生素、抗肿瘤药、镇痛药和心脏保护药等的来源,直接或间接用作药物已有 5000 多年的历史。在发展中国家,约 70-90% 的人口仍在使用基于植物提取物的古老药物进行治疗。最近,从大自然中分离和鉴定生物活性化合物和分子的工作导致了新疗法的发现,推动了健康和医药行业的发展。植物化学物质作为新分子的来源,在制药业的研发部门中发挥着重要作用,从而促进了新型药物的开发。有鉴于此,本调查针对阿曼不同地点的野生薰衣草(Lavandula subnuda Benth)植物,除了叶片的形态特征和叶绿素含量外,其精油的化学成分也存在差异,以探索在商业规模上分离其主要化学成分用于香水工业的可能性。迄今为止,还没有专门针对亚种薰衣草精油回收率和化学成分的研究报告。研究人员从四个不同地点的瓦迪栖息地随机采集了十种植物的复合样本。记录了管理地点的土壤特性,并按照说明使用布鲁克公司基于能量色散 X 射线荧光(EDXRF)技术开发的 S1 Titan/Tracer 5/CTX 设备测定了土壤中的化学成分。形态特征用尺子测量,叶绿素含量用 atLEAF CHL Plus 叶绿素仪记录为 atLEAF 值。使用 ETHO X 先进的微波萃取系统萃取精油,并使用岛津 GC-2010 Plus 气相色谱仪进行 GC-MS 分析。在需要的情况下,应用 EXCEL -16 版本的基本统计方法对实验数据进行统计分析。结果表明,总体而言,高海拔地区的亚种薰衣草植株在所有形态特征和叶绿素含量方面的表现力均高于低海拔地区的植株。然而,低海拔地区植物样本的精油回收率(0.70% 至 0.79%(重量比))高于高海拔地区的样本(0.15% 至 0.18%(重量比))。精油中常见化学成分含量的变化规律也不尽相同。在四个地方,每种精油的前十种化学成分约占总含量的 80%。在这十大化学成分中,有八种化合物,即 Wadi Al-Khod 的 D-革马芘(42.67%)、Wadi Halban 的雌甾醇(32%)和芳樟醇(23.89%)、反式龙脑(23.46%)和 4-松油醇(18.73%)。从 Wadi Najd Al-Waqba 和 Kessane(18.60%)提取的反式龙脑(23.46%)和 4-松油醇(18.73%)、从 Wadi Al-Hayul 提取的 beta-顺式茶叶烯(13.68%)和 beta-榄香烯(10.618%)含量最高,具有巨大的进一步应用潜力。结论是,根据野生条件下薰衣草植物无性部分的形态特征,采用良好农业规范(GAP)生产出最高产量的草本植物,在制药和香水工业中提取这些化合物的商业规模存在着更大的可能性。 关键词形态 叶绿素 化合物 差异表达 亚种薰衣草 唇形科
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of potential and rate of the germination of wheat seeds (Triticum aestivum L) treated with bifunctional growth regulators under water stress 评估在水分胁迫条件下用双功能生长调节剂处理的小麦种子(Triticum aestivum L)的发芽潜力和发芽率
IF 1.1 4区 农林科学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-11-13 DOI: 10.9755/ejfa.2023.3177
Maxim S. Oshchepkov, A. Kalistratova, Leonid V. Kovalenko, Мaria S. Ivanova, M. Tsvetikova, N. Bystrova, Konstantin A. Kochetkov
The synthetic cytokinins belonging to the class of bifunctional carbamates and oxamates were tested for a biological activity in a wide concentration range of 10-2 M − 10-6 M along with chlorocholine chloride taken as reference. The compounds have a pronounced growth-regulatory activity for wheat seeds (Triticum aestivum L) at the optimal concentration of 10-5 M, at which the germination potential Gp and the germination rate Gr of seeds, as well as resistance to water stress, determined by RWC values reach their maximum values. It was found that the technique of spraying wheat seeds with solutions of the compounds used is more preferable than soaking. Key words: wheat, plant growth regulators, carbamates, oxamates, water stress
对属于双功能氨基甲酸酯类和草氨酸类的合成细胞分裂素进行了生物活性测试,测试浓度范围为 10-2 M - 10-6 M,并以氯化氯胆碱作为参照物。在 10-5 M 的最佳浓度下,这些化合物对小麦种子(Triticum aestivum L)具有明显的生长调节活性,在此浓度下,种子的发芽势 Gp 和发芽率 Gr 以及对水分胁迫的抗性(由 RWC 值决定)均达到最大值。研究发现,用所使用化合物的溶液喷洒小麦种子的技术比浸泡更为可取。 关键词:小麦、植物生长调节剂、氨基甲酸酯、草铵膦、水分胁迫
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引用次数: 0
Optimization of culture conditions for and assessment of kimchi-originated lactic acid bacterial isolates toward their extracellular GABA-producing ability 优化泡菜产乳酸菌分离物的培养条件并评估其细胞外 GABA 生产能力
IF 1.1 4区 农林科学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-11-12 DOI: 10.9755/ejfa.2023.3158
Jin-Sung Lee, Keun-Sung Kim
The objectives of this study were to optimize the medium and culture conditions using a strong γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) producer as a reference lactic acid bacterial strain, to screen and identify GABA-producing lactic acid bacterial isolates from kimchi, and to determine their extracellular GABA-producing abilities. Thin-layer chromatography was used to screen GABA-producing bacterial isolates and high-performance liquid chromatography was used to evaluate the bacterial GABA production abilities. Species-specific polymerase chain reaction analyses were used to identify GABA-producing bacterial isolates. The optimal medium and culture conditions were found to be the modified Man–Rogosa–Sharpe (MRS) broth (with an initial pH of 6.5) containing 4% sucrose, 5% glutamate, and 1% yeast extract at 37°C for 5 days. After incubation under the optimized culture conditions, 217 kimchi bacterial isolates were screened to evaluate their respective GABA-producing abilities. Screening the 217 kimchi bacterial isolates identified 24 GABA-producing lactic acid bacterial isolates (11%): Lactobacillus plantarum (17), Lactobacillus brevis (six), and Leuconostoc mesenteroides (one), indicating that only a small proportion of the strains produce GABA in the culture broth. The extracellular GABA-producing abilities of the bacterial strains identified in this study varied even within the same species, ranging from 5.8 to 101.7 mM among the 17 GABA-producing L. plantarum isolates and from 8.5 to 88.6 mM among the six GABA-producing L. brevis isolates. In summary, three species of the 24 kimchi GABA-producing bacterial isolates were identified, including one rare species (L. mesenteroides) and the two most dominant species (L. brevis and L. plantarum). Keywords: Lactobacillus brevis; Lactobacillus plantarum; Leuconostoc mesenteroides; Optimization; γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
本研究的目的是以一种产γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)能力强的乳酸菌为参考菌株,优化培养基和培养条件,筛选和鉴定泡菜中产GABA的乳酸菌分离物,并确定它们的细胞外GABA生产能力。采用薄层色谱法筛选产 GABA 的细菌分离物,并采用高效液相色谱法评估细菌的 GABA 产能。利用物种特异性聚合酶链反应分析鉴定了产 GABA 的细菌分离物。研究发现,最佳培养基和培养条件是改良的 Man-Rogosa-Sharpe (MRS) 肉汤(初始 pH 值为 6.5),其中含有 4% 蔗糖、5% 谷氨酸和 1% 酵母提取物,培养温度为 37°C,培养时间为 5 天。在优化的培养条件下培养后,筛选出 217 种泡菜细菌分离物,以评估它们各自产生 GABA 的能力。通过对 217 株泡菜细菌分离物的筛选,发现了 24 株能产生 GABA 的乳酸菌分离物(占 11%):植物乳杆菌(17 株)、布莱维斯乳杆菌(6 株)和中肠亮杆菌(1 株),这表明只有一小部分菌株能在培养液中产生 GABA。本研究中鉴定出的细菌菌株的胞外 GABA 产出能力即使在同一物种中也各不相同,17 株产 GABA 的植物酵母分离菌株的产 GABA 能力从 5.8 到 101.7 毫摩尔不等,6 株产 GABA 的酿酒酵母分离菌株的产 GABA 能力从 8.5 到 88.6 毫摩尔不等。总之,在 24 个泡菜 GABA 产菌分离物中发现了 3 个物种,包括一个稀有物种(L. mesenteroides)和两个最主要的物种(L. brevis 和 L. plantarum)。 关键词布莱维斯乳酸菌;植物乳酸菌;中肠亮杆菌;优化;γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)
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引用次数: 0
Obtention and characterization of chitosan/starch/roselle films for the preservation of perishable fruits 用于保鲜易腐水果的壳聚糖/淀粉/玫瑰果薄膜的制备和表征
IF 1.1 4区 农林科学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-11-12 DOI: 10.9755/ejfa.2023.3157
Alfredo Olarte Paredes, Adaia Ramírez Contreras, Areli Salgado Delgado, Edgar García Hernández, René Salgado Delgado, T. Lara, Juan Bosco Hernández Zaragoza
Packaging is the main source of polluting plastic waste. Out of the total volume of plastic waste worldwide, the majority corresponds to food packaging. Biodegradable films have been used in a large number of applications across industrial sectors due to their property  versatility and environmental factors. There is a growing interest in the search for packaging materials from renewable sources that prove to be functional for food preservation. Among the polymers used, starch has garnered the most attention due to its abundance in nature and biodegradable quality; it is also renewable and low-cost. A methodology was established to increase the shelf life of perishable fruits (blackberry) from 7 to 14 days by adding starch, chitosan, and roselle extract. These biopolymers synergistically contribute by providing support, antibacterial, and antioxidant properties, respectively. The use of chitosan and roselle extract were key to the achievement of this work’s goals, as proven by FT-IR, TGA, SEM, contact angle, and microbiological analyses. The present work focuses on the use of three elements that have not been studied together in biofilm design to preserve fruits.
包装是塑料垃圾的主要污染源。在全球塑料垃圾总量中,大部分是食品包装。生物降解薄膜因其特性的多样性和环保因素,已被广泛应用于各个工业领域。人们越来越关注从可再生来源中寻找具有食品保鲜功能的包装材料。在所使用的聚合物中,淀粉因其丰富的天然资源和可生物降解的特性,以及可再生性和低成本而最受关注。我们建立了一种方法,通过添加淀粉、壳聚糖和洛神花提取物,将易腐水果(黑莓)的保质期从 7 天延长到 14 天。这些生物聚合物分别具有支撑、抗菌和抗氧化特性,可协同增效。通过傅立叶变换红外光谱、热重分析、扫描电镜、接触角和微生物分析证明,壳聚糖和洛神花提取物的使用是实现本研究目标的关键。本研究的重点是在生物膜设计中使用三种尚未一起研究过的元素来保存水果。
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引用次数: 0
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Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture
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