Pub Date : 2024-04-18DOI: 10.3897/ejfa.2024.122928
Yonis Gulzar
The impact of deep learning (DL) is substantial across numerous domains, particularly in agriculture. Within this context, our study focuses on the classification of problematic soybean seeds. The dataset employed encompasses five distinct classes, totaling 5513 images. Our model, based on the InceptionV3 architecture, undergoes modification with the addition of five supplementary layers to enhance efficiency and performance. Techniques such as transfer learning, adaptive learning rate adjustment (to 0.001), and model checkpointing are integrated to optimize accuracy. During initial evaluation, the InceptionV3 model achieved 88.07% accuracy in training and 86.67% in validation. Subsequent implementation of model tuning strategies significantly improves performance. Augmenting the architecture with additional layers, including Average Pooling, Flatten, Dense, Dropout, and Softmax, plays a pivotal role in enhancing accuracy. Evaluation metrics, including precision, recall, and F1-score, underscore the model’s effectiveness. Precision ranges from 0.9706 to 1.0000, while recall values demonstrate a high capture rate across all classes. The F1-score, reflecting a balance between precision and recall, exhibits remarkable performance across all classes, with values ranging from 0.9851 to 1.0000. Comparative analysis with existing studies reveals competitive accuracy of 98.73% achieved by our proposed model. While variations exist in specific purposes and datasets among studies, our model showcases promising performance in soybean seed classification, contributing to advancements in agricultural technology for crop health assessment and management.
{"title":"Enhancing soybean classification with modified inception model: A transfer learning approach","authors":"Yonis Gulzar","doi":"10.3897/ejfa.2024.122928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/ejfa.2024.122928","url":null,"abstract":"The impact of deep learning (DL) is substantial across numerous domains, particularly in agriculture. Within this context, our study focuses on the classification of problematic soybean seeds. The dataset employed encompasses five distinct classes, totaling 5513 images. Our model, based on the InceptionV3 architecture, undergoes modification with the addition of five supplementary layers to enhance efficiency and performance. Techniques such as transfer learning, adaptive learning rate adjustment (to 0.001), and model checkpointing are integrated to optimize accuracy. During initial evaluation, the InceptionV3 model achieved 88.07% accuracy in training and 86.67% in validation. Subsequent implementation of model tuning strategies significantly improves performance. Augmenting the architecture with additional layers, including Average Pooling, Flatten, Dense, Dropout, and Softmax, plays a pivotal role in enhancing accuracy. Evaluation metrics, including precision, recall, and F1-score, underscore the model’s effectiveness. Precision ranges from 0.9706 to 1.0000, while recall values demonstrate a high capture rate across all classes. The F1-score, reflecting a balance between precision and recall, exhibits remarkable performance across all classes, with values ranging from 0.9851 to 1.0000. Comparative analysis with existing studies reveals competitive accuracy of 98.73% achieved by our proposed model. While variations exist in specific purposes and datasets among studies, our model showcases promising performance in soybean seed classification, contributing to advancements in agricultural technology for crop health assessment and management.","PeriodicalId":11648,"journal":{"name":"Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140688200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-18DOI: 10.3897/ejfa.2024.118453
Vinícius dos Santos Cunha, Marcos DA Silva Brum, André Brugnara Soares, Éva Deák, Léo Antônio Limberger Speth, T. N. Martin
Inadequate management of nitrogen fertilization, due to high costs, compromises the nutrition and productivity of winter forage plants, highlighting the need to adopt sustainable alternatives, such as using nitrogen-fixing bacteria. This research evaluated the growth promotion of black oat (Avena strigosa) and ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) plants inoculated with Azospirillum brasilense rhizobacteria. The experiments were carried out over two consecutive harvests in Santa Maria, Brazil. The sowing density was 300 viable seeds per square meter for black oats and 100 viable seeds per square meter for ryegrass. A dose of 5 ml per kg of seeds from the consortium was used as an inoculant. Following sowing, the seeds were incorporated into the soil through light harrowing. At the beginning of tillering, 50 kg of N ha-1 was applied to create treatments with and without nitrogen. Plant emergence, plant height, number of leaves and tillers were evaluated. In the first year, an inoculation response was observed for the number of black oat plants emerged m-2. In the second year (corn residue), an inoculation response was observed for the number of leaves and height of black oats. Under soybean straw for oat leaf number and ryegrass tiller number. The current research highlights the effectiveness of inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense in promoting significant improvements in the morphological components of forage crops. Following corn, an increase in the number of leaves and tillers was observed, as well as in the height of black oats. Similarly, following soybeans, there was an increase in the number of black oat tillers and the number of ryegrass leaves. The results emphasize the importance of inoculation as an effective practice to enhance crop development and performance in agricultural systems, improving sustainability and productivity under soybean and corn residues.
{"title":"Promoting black oat and ryegrass growth via Azospirillum brasilense inoculation after corn and soybean crop rotation","authors":"Vinícius dos Santos Cunha, Marcos DA Silva Brum, André Brugnara Soares, Éva Deák, Léo Antônio Limberger Speth, T. N. Martin","doi":"10.3897/ejfa.2024.118453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/ejfa.2024.118453","url":null,"abstract":"Inadequate management of nitrogen fertilization, due to high costs, compromises the nutrition and productivity of winter forage plants, highlighting the need to adopt sustainable alternatives, such as using nitrogen-fixing bacteria. This research evaluated the growth promotion of black oat (Avena strigosa) and ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) plants inoculated with Azospirillum brasilense rhizobacteria. The experiments were carried out over two consecutive harvests in Santa Maria, Brazil. The sowing density was 300 viable seeds per square meter for black oats and 100 viable seeds per square meter for ryegrass. A dose of 5 ml per kg of seeds from the consortium was used as an inoculant. Following sowing, the seeds were incorporated into the soil through light harrowing. At the beginning of tillering, 50 kg of N ha-1 was applied to create treatments with and without nitrogen. Plant emergence, plant height, number of leaves and tillers were evaluated. In the first year, an inoculation response was observed for the number of black oat plants emerged m-2. In the second year (corn residue), an inoculation response was observed for the number of leaves and height of black oats. Under soybean straw for oat leaf number and ryegrass tiller number. The current research highlights the effectiveness of inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense in promoting significant improvements in the morphological components of forage crops. Following corn, an increase in the number of leaves and tillers was observed, as well as in the height of black oats. Similarly, following soybeans, there was an increase in the number of black oat tillers and the number of ryegrass leaves. The results emphasize the importance of inoculation as an effective practice to enhance crop development and performance in agricultural systems, improving sustainability and productivity under soybean and corn residues.","PeriodicalId":11648,"journal":{"name":"Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140689181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-18DOI: 10.3897/ejfa.2024.118977
Rabia Turkoğlu Bacanak, E. Keyvan
The functional properties of fermented foods have a significant impact on human health. Kombucha tea is a functional food that provides numerous prophylactic and therapeutic benefits. This study investigated the effects of adding 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2% propolis to kombucha tea on the microbiological, physicochemical, and sensory characteristics during the 10th and 14th day incubation periods. The study concluded that adding propolis to Kombucha tea improved acidity, color, and total phenolic substance content (p < 0.05) but not pH value or dry matter amount (p > 0.05). As a result of yeast and mold analysis, no growth was detected on the 10th day of incubation, while the lowest yeast count was 4.08 log CFU/ml, and the highest was 5.46 log CFU/ml on the 14th day of incubation. The amount of propolis added to Kombucha tea was demonstrated to have a statistically significant effect on Labtobacillus spp., total aerobic mesophilic bacteria, and acetic acid bacteria (p < 0.05). Streptococcaceae species could not be detected in Kombucha tea. The panelists rated the most propolis-rich kombucha tea as being particularly enjoyable. As a result, physicochemical and microbiological analyses have shown that Kombucha tea can be fermented with propolis. Novel studies on the consumption of kombucha tea in combination with bee products should be performed.
{"title":"Assessment of propolis-fermented Kombucha tea’s microbiological, physicochemical and sensory characteristics","authors":"Rabia Turkoğlu Bacanak, E. Keyvan","doi":"10.3897/ejfa.2024.118977","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/ejfa.2024.118977","url":null,"abstract":"The functional properties of fermented foods have a significant impact on human health. Kombucha tea is a functional food that provides numerous prophylactic and therapeutic benefits. This study investigated the effects of adding 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2% propolis to kombucha tea on the microbiological, physicochemical, and sensory characteristics during the 10th and 14th day incubation periods. The study concluded that adding propolis to Kombucha tea improved acidity, color, and total phenolic substance content (p < 0.05) but not pH value or dry matter amount (p > 0.05). As a result of yeast and mold analysis, no growth was detected on the 10th day of incubation, while the lowest yeast count was 4.08 log CFU/ml, and the highest was 5.46 log CFU/ml on the 14th day of incubation. The amount of propolis added to Kombucha tea was demonstrated to have a statistically significant effect on Labtobacillus spp., total aerobic mesophilic bacteria, and acetic acid bacteria (p < 0.05). Streptococcaceae species could not be detected in Kombucha tea. The panelists rated the most propolis-rich kombucha tea as being particularly enjoyable. As a result, physicochemical and microbiological analyses have shown that Kombucha tea can be fermented with propolis. Novel studies on the consumption of kombucha tea in combination with bee products should be performed.","PeriodicalId":11648,"journal":{"name":"Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140688772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Members of Brassica seed oil are important sources of nutritionally superior edible oil. There are no comprehensive reports on complete lipidomic profile of these oilseed crops. In this study, the lipidomic profiling of edible oil from 7 different cultivated species of Brassica seed oils was performed by shotgun approach using electrospray High Resolution Time of Flight-Mass Spectrometry (ESI-ToF-MS). The mass spectrum under positive polarity revealed 1098 lipids under different lipid classes including sphingolipids, phospholipids and different storage lipids. Under negative polarity, 70 lipids including free fatty acids (FFA), cardiolipins and phospholipids were detected. Erucic acid in FFA form was found to be most abundant in both Yellow and Brown sarson. Brassica napus contains almost all forms of cardiolipins (CL). Out of 26 different species of cardiolipins detected in negative ion mode, CL 56:1 (FA 18:1) and CL 56:1 (FA 22:1) were present only in brown sarson. Similarly, CL 56:2 (FA 18:2) and CL 56:1 (FA 22:1) were present only in Yellow and Brown sarson. These findings enhance our understanding of the nutritional diversity in Brassica seed oils, emphasizing the significance of lipidomic analysis for elucidating the molecular composition of edible oils.
{"title":"Shotgun approach reveals distinctive lipid profiles in brassica oilseeds: A high-resolution ESI-ToF-MS study","authors":"Sujith Kumar, Ahammed Shabeer, Faraz Rashid, I. Mawlong, Reema Rani, Vijay Veer Singh, Babli Mog, Manoj Pillai","doi":"10.3897/ejfa.2024.118303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/ejfa.2024.118303","url":null,"abstract":"Members of Brassica seed oil are important sources of nutritionally superior edible oil. There are no comprehensive reports on complete lipidomic profile of these oilseed crops. In this study, the lipidomic profiling of edible oil from 7 different cultivated species of Brassica seed oils was performed by shotgun approach using electrospray High Resolution Time of Flight-Mass Spectrometry (ESI-ToF-MS). The mass spectrum under positive polarity revealed 1098 lipids under different lipid classes including sphingolipids, phospholipids and different storage lipids. Under negative polarity, 70 lipids including free fatty acids (FFA), cardiolipins and phospholipids were detected. Erucic acid in FFA form was found to be most abundant in both Yellow and Brown sarson. Brassica napus contains almost all forms of cardiolipins (CL). Out of 26 different species of cardiolipins detected in negative ion mode, CL 56:1 (FA 18:1) and CL 56:1 (FA 22:1) were present only in brown sarson. Similarly, CL 56:2 (FA 18:2) and CL 56:1 (FA 22:1) were present only in Yellow and Brown sarson. These findings enhance our understanding of the nutritional diversity in Brassica seed oils, emphasizing the significance of lipidomic analysis for elucidating the molecular composition of edible oils.","PeriodicalId":11648,"journal":{"name":"Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140696182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-15DOI: 10.3897/ejfa.2024.118296
Zhan-Wu Gao, Ji-Tao Zhang, Ge Gao, Ying-Qi Qin, Ming Cao, Feng Chen, Meng-Zhu Cai, Xin Li, Chen Chen, Zhao-Jie Wang, Chun-Sheng Mu, S. Alharbi, Mohamad Javed Ansari, Adnan Rasheed
Alkali stress is a significant challenge across the globe which is posing serious threat to crop production and food security. This study was carried out to study the effect of different levels of alkali stress on growth and physiological traits of Leymus chinensis. The study was comprised of different levels of alkali stress; control (CK; 0 mmol·L-1), 25 and 50 mmol·L-1. The results showed that imposition of 50 mmol·L-1 alkali stress substantially reduced the photosynthetic capacity, relative water contents and accumulation of carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in plant parts. Further, 50 mmol·L-1 alkali stress also reduced the above and below ground biomass, and severely inhibited the root growth. Moreover, increase in concentration of alkali stress inhibited clone components, tillering, tillering bud, and internode bud of Leymus chinensis. In conclusion the increasing concentration of alkali stress can reduce the growth and biomass production and nutrient accumulation of Leymus chinensis.
{"title":"Effects of Na2CO3 simulated alkali stress on tradeoff strategies of individual and clonal traits of Leymus chinensis","authors":"Zhan-Wu Gao, Ji-Tao Zhang, Ge Gao, Ying-Qi Qin, Ming Cao, Feng Chen, Meng-Zhu Cai, Xin Li, Chen Chen, Zhao-Jie Wang, Chun-Sheng Mu, S. Alharbi, Mohamad Javed Ansari, Adnan Rasheed","doi":"10.3897/ejfa.2024.118296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/ejfa.2024.118296","url":null,"abstract":"Alkali stress is a significant challenge across the globe which is posing serious threat to crop production and food security. This study was carried out to study the effect of different levels of alkali stress on growth and physiological traits of Leymus chinensis. The study was comprised of different levels of alkali stress; control (CK; 0 mmol·L-1), 25 and 50 mmol·L-1. The results showed that imposition of 50 mmol·L-1 alkali stress substantially reduced the photosynthetic capacity, relative water contents and accumulation of carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in plant parts. Further, 50 mmol·L-1 alkali stress also reduced the above and below ground biomass, and severely inhibited the root growth. Moreover, increase in concentration of alkali stress inhibited clone components, tillering, tillering bud, and internode bud of Leymus chinensis. In conclusion the increasing concentration of alkali stress can reduce the growth and biomass production and nutrient accumulation of Leymus chinensis.","PeriodicalId":11648,"journal":{"name":"Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140702149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-28DOI: 10.3897/ejfa.2024.118325
Razika Boukert, M. Chikhaoui, Dahia Saidj, Babelhadj Baaissa, Hanane Damene, Souad Benali, Alia Simona Abdul Hussain, Naima Sahraoui
Coccidiosis in dromedaries is an intestinal protozoan infection caused by apicomplexan parasites belonging to the genus Eimeria. A prospective examination was conducted at two slaughterhouses in southern Algeria. The primary objective of this investigation was to ascertain the prevalence of intestinal parasites in camels, elucidate the associated microscopic lesions, and identify the risk factors contributing to this infestation. In pursuit of this, we procured four segments of the intestines from 31 dromedarieas that appeared healthy and displayed no symptoms. Subsequently, these samples were collected, preserved, subjected to routine processing, and subsequently stained with haematoxylin and eosin (H&E). Intestinal parasitic infection showed an incidence rate of 45.16% (14 out of 31). Specifically, two types of parasites were discerned in the intestinal specimens through microscopic examination, namely Eimeria (41.93%; 13 out of 31) (p-value = 0.046) and Taenia (3.22%; 1 out of 31) (p = 0.001). Eimeria cameli was observed in the ceacum (41.93%; 13 out of 31), jejunum (12.90%; 4 out of 31), and in one instance in the duodenum (3.22%; 1 out of 31). Furthermore, numerous development stages of coccidia were identified, including gamonts, schizonts and oocysts. Deep microscopic lesions attributed to Eimeria cameli were detected, such as enteritis, eosinophilic infiltration and inflammation. In addition, associated risk factors were identified. This study has furnished valuable insights into parasitic infestations affecting dromedaries, particularly Eimeria cameli. The molecular studies are needed to delineate the diverse variations within Eimeria strains. Effective parasite control strategies specific to dromedary camels need to be developed.
{"title":"Histopathological investigation and risk factors of Coccidiosis in camels (Camelus dromedarius), Algeria","authors":"Razika Boukert, M. Chikhaoui, Dahia Saidj, Babelhadj Baaissa, Hanane Damene, Souad Benali, Alia Simona Abdul Hussain, Naima Sahraoui","doi":"10.3897/ejfa.2024.118325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/ejfa.2024.118325","url":null,"abstract":"Coccidiosis in dromedaries is an intestinal protozoan infection caused by apicomplexan parasites belonging to the genus Eimeria. A prospective examination was conducted at two slaughterhouses in southern Algeria. The primary objective of this investigation was to ascertain the prevalence of intestinal parasites in camels, elucidate the associated microscopic lesions, and identify the risk factors contributing to this infestation. In pursuit of this, we procured four segments of the intestines from 31 dromedarieas that appeared healthy and displayed no symptoms. Subsequently, these samples were collected, preserved, subjected to routine processing, and subsequently stained with haematoxylin and eosin (H&E). Intestinal parasitic infection showed an incidence rate of 45.16% (14 out of 31). Specifically, two types of parasites were discerned in the intestinal specimens through microscopic examination, namely Eimeria (41.93%; 13 out of 31) (p-value = 0.046) and Taenia (3.22%; 1 out of 31) (p = 0.001). Eimeria cameli was observed in the ceacum (41.93%; 13 out of 31), jejunum (12.90%; 4 out of 31), and in one instance in the duodenum (3.22%; 1 out of 31). Furthermore, numerous development stages of coccidia were identified, including gamonts, schizonts and oocysts. Deep microscopic lesions attributed to Eimeria cameli were detected, such as enteritis, eosinophilic infiltration and inflammation. In addition, associated risk factors were identified. This study has furnished valuable insights into parasitic infestations affecting dromedaries, particularly Eimeria cameli. The molecular studies are needed to delineate the diverse variations within Eimeria strains. Effective parasite control strategies specific to dromedary camels need to be developed.","PeriodicalId":11648,"journal":{"name":"Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140370903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-28DOI: 10.3897/ejfa.2024.118256
Bui Van Huu, Ngo Quang Hieu, Luu Trong Hieu
This paper aims to introduce a prediction of crop yield based on relationship between soil compaction and vegetation index. The soil compaction increasingly with depth, which was calculated manuallyunevenly distributed in the field. The NDVI/NDRE was conducted by aerial spectral images taken by the UAV. To figure out connection, the Pearson’s correlation test was applied to analyze the correlation between factors. These research results show that the NDVI/NDRE in WS and SA crops increased and decreased steadily after reaching the maximum values (0.85 ± 0.02/ 0.38 ± 0.02 and 0.8 ± 0.02/ 0.28 ± 0.02) during the reproductive stage. The NDVI/NDRE had a high relationship with the plant height, tiller number, yield components of rice. WS and SA networks were built and tested according to the training algorithm in the Matlab software for predicting rice yield with high reliability. The developed models showcase promising results in forecasting rice yield, underscoring the potential applicability of this methodology in agricultural yield prediction.
{"title":"Monitoring growth and predicting crop yield through UAV-mounted spectral camera analysis of the interplay between soil compaction and vegetation index","authors":"Bui Van Huu, Ngo Quang Hieu, Luu Trong Hieu","doi":"10.3897/ejfa.2024.118256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/ejfa.2024.118256","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to introduce a prediction of crop yield based on relationship between soil compaction and vegetation index. The soil compaction increasingly with depth, which was calculated manuallyunevenly distributed in the field. The NDVI/NDRE was conducted by aerial spectral images taken by the UAV. To figure out connection, the Pearson’s correlation test was applied to analyze the correlation between factors. These research results show that the NDVI/NDRE in WS and SA crops increased and decreased steadily after reaching the maximum values (0.85 ± 0.02/ 0.38 ± 0.02 and 0.8 ± 0.02/ 0.28 ± 0.02) during the reproductive stage. The NDVI/NDRE had a high relationship with the plant height, tiller number, yield components of rice. WS and SA networks were built and tested according to the training algorithm in the Matlab software for predicting rice yield with high reliability. The developed models showcase promising results in forecasting rice yield, underscoring the potential applicability of this methodology in agricultural yield prediction.","PeriodicalId":11648,"journal":{"name":"Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140372063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-27DOI: 10.3897/ejfa.2024.118264
Vinícius dos Santos Cunha, Glauber Monçon Fipke, Gerusa Massuquini Conceição, T. M. Müller, João Leonardo Fernandes Pires, Fernando Sintra Fulaneti, Thomas Newton Martin
The aim of this study is to assess the impact of various row spacings on the morphology, components of grain yield, and overall grain yield of soybean. The experiments were conducted over two planting seasons (2014/2015 and 2015/2016) using two planting dates (November and December) and two cultivars, FPS Urano RR and BMX Tornado RR. The row spacings tested were: 45 cm (wide row), 45 × 45 cm (cross row), 22.5 × 45 cm (twin row), and 22.5 cm (narrow row). Measurements included leaf area index and sunlight interception at R2 stage, as well as grain yield components and overall grain yield. Narrow rows, in addition to achieving canopy closure, also demonstrated enhanced sunlight interception at the R2 stage. However, the positive effect of increased sunlight interception on grain yield was only significant for the December planting date, with no notable difference observed for the November planting date. These findings imply that while narrow rows may offer advantages, particularly in later planting dates, their implementation should be carefully considered and may not consistently lead to increased grain yield, reinforcing the continued preference for conventional row spacing.
{"title":"Intraspecific competition in row spacings in soybean","authors":"Vinícius dos Santos Cunha, Glauber Monçon Fipke, Gerusa Massuquini Conceição, T. M. Müller, João Leonardo Fernandes Pires, Fernando Sintra Fulaneti, Thomas Newton Martin","doi":"10.3897/ejfa.2024.118264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/ejfa.2024.118264","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to assess the impact of various row spacings on the morphology, components of grain yield, and overall grain yield of soybean. The experiments were conducted over two planting seasons (2014/2015 and 2015/2016) using two planting dates (November and December) and two cultivars, FPS Urano RR and BMX Tornado RR. The row spacings tested were: 45 cm (wide row), 45 × 45 cm (cross row), 22.5 × 45 cm (twin row), and 22.5 cm (narrow row). Measurements included leaf area index and sunlight interception at R2 stage, as well as grain yield components and overall grain yield. Narrow rows, in addition to achieving canopy closure, also demonstrated enhanced sunlight interception at the R2 stage. However, the positive effect of increased sunlight interception on grain yield was only significant for the December planting date, with no notable difference observed for the November planting date. These findings imply that while narrow rows may offer advantages, particularly in later planting dates, their implementation should be carefully considered and may not consistently lead to increased grain yield, reinforcing the continued preference for conventional row spacing.","PeriodicalId":11648,"journal":{"name":"Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140377368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-22DOI: 10.3897/ejfa.2024.119548
Anderson Carlos de Melo Gonçalves, Caio da Silva Sousa, Alex Serafim de Lima, Toshik Iarley da Silva, José de Anchieta Alves de Albuquerque, Evandro Franklin de Mesquita, Thiago Jardelino Dias, Walter Esfrain Pereira, José Maria Arcanjo Alves, Leandro Torres de Souza, Aloisio Alcantara Vilarinho
Water stress can limit the growth and production of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.), necessitating the use of strategies that induce plant tolerance to mitigate its effects on the crop. This includes the application of salicylic acid (SA) and antitranspirant polymer (AP). The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of SA and AP applications on the growth and production of cowpeas subjected to water stress. The experiment was conducted in field conditions at Sítio Boqueirão, Catolé do Rocha, Paraíba, Brazil. The experimental design used was randomized blocks, comprising 10 treatments with four replications. The evaluated treatments included nine combinations generated according to the Central Composite Design experimental matrix, involving five doses of SA and five doses of AP applied to plants under water stress, along with an additional treatment (without water stress and application of SA and AP). The assessed variables included morphological parameters and yield. The data were subjected to canonical correspondence analysis and confidence ellipses. The application of SA and AP increased growth (summer and spring) and productivity (summer). However, in spring, there was a decrease in productivity and an increase in the number of days until the initiation of pod harvesting in cowpeas under water stress.
水胁迫会限制豇豆（Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.）的生长和产量，因此有必要使用诱导植物耐受性的策略来减轻其对作物的影响。这包括施用水杨酸（SA）和抗吸剂聚合物（AP）。本研究的目的是评估施用水杨酸和抗吸水剂对遭受水胁迫的豇豆的生长和产量的影响。实验在巴西帕拉伊巴州卡托莱-多罗查市博奎朗农场进行。实验采用随机区组设计，包括 10 个处理和 4 次重复。所评估的处理包括根据中央复合设计实验矩阵生成的九种组合，其中包括对处于水分胁迫下的植物施用五种剂量的 SA 和五种剂量的 AP，以及一种额外的处理（无水分胁迫和施用 SA 和 AP）。评估变量包括形态参数和产量。对数据进行了典型对应分析和置信区间分析。施用 SA 和 AP 增加了生长量（夏季和春季）和产量（夏季）。然而，在春季，豇豆在水分胁迫下的产量有所下降，直到开始收获豆荚的天数有所增加。
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Pub Date : 2024-03-15DOI: 10.3897/ejfa.2024.118268
H. Doğan, Serhan Candemir, Zeki Bayramoğlu, Kemalettin Ağızan
Climate change is defined as one of the biggest problems of the third millennium. All countries in the world are striving to produce policies on this issue and achieve a common consensus. Regulations are being made in various sectors and efforts are continuing to adopt ecofriendly production techniques. Just as climate change affects all sectors, it is also affected by the production activities of the sectors. One of these sectors is the agricultural sector. Inputs and production techniques used in agriculture create direct environmental costs. The production techniques used by countries depending on their income level and development level contribute to the climate change process to a certain extent. In this research, the effects of the inputs used in agricultural production on CO2 emissions according to the income levels of the countries of the world were investigated by panel data analysis. According to the results obtained, the effect of the arable land size of low and low-middle income group countries, the pesticides they use in agriculture, the animal fertilizers they use in agricultural production, the CO2 level released from the energy they use in agriculture, and the effect of their agricultural nitrogen use on the total CO2 level is statistically significant. While the effect of pesticide uses and the amount of nitrogen used in agriculture by middle-high income countries is statistically significant, it can be said that the amounts of pesticides used by high-income countries in agriculture, animal fertilizers used in agricultural production, the level of CO2 released from the energy they use in agriculture and their use of agricultural nitrogen are statistically significant. While the results obtained reveal the relationship between the amount used and CO2 emissions, they also indicate that the inputs used can be quality and environmentally friendly inputs. In classical suggestions, suggestions are made such as controlling input levels and preventing excessive use. However, the increasing world population and the resulting increase in nutritional needs emphasize the importance of optimal input use in agricultural production. It makes it important that qualitative, ecofriendly and effective inputs should be used rather than input usage possibilities and quantity-dimensional control.
{"title":"Long-term effects of some determinants in the agricultural sector on CO2 emissions: Panel data analysis by income groups of world countries","authors":"H. Doğan, Serhan Candemir, Zeki Bayramoğlu, Kemalettin Ağızan","doi":"10.3897/ejfa.2024.118268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/ejfa.2024.118268","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change is defined as one of the biggest problems of the third millennium. All countries in the world are striving to produce policies on this issue and achieve a common consensus. Regulations are being made in various sectors and efforts are continuing to adopt ecofriendly production techniques. Just as climate change affects all sectors, it is also affected by the production activities of the sectors. One of these sectors is the agricultural sector. Inputs and production techniques used in agriculture create direct environmental costs. The production techniques used by countries depending on their income level and development level contribute to the climate change process to a certain extent. In this research, the effects of the inputs used in agricultural production on CO2 emissions according to the income levels of the countries of the world were investigated by panel data analysis. According to the results obtained, the effect of the arable land size of low and low-middle income group countries, the pesticides they use in agriculture, the animal fertilizers they use in agricultural production, the CO2 level released from the energy they use in agriculture, and the effect of their agricultural nitrogen use on the total CO2 level is statistically significant. While the effect of pesticide uses and the amount of nitrogen used in agriculture by middle-high income countries is statistically significant, it can be said that the amounts of pesticides used by high-income countries in agriculture, animal fertilizers used in agricultural production, the level of CO2 released from the energy they use in agriculture and their use of agricultural nitrogen are statistically significant. While the results obtained reveal the relationship between the amount used and CO2 emissions, they also indicate that the inputs used can be quality and environmentally friendly inputs. In classical suggestions, suggestions are made such as controlling input levels and preventing excessive use. However, the increasing world population and the resulting increase in nutritional needs emphasize the importance of optimal input use in agricultural production. It makes it important that qualitative, ecofriendly and effective inputs should be used rather than input usage possibilities and quantity-dimensional control.","PeriodicalId":11648,"journal":{"name":"Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140240062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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