Josimar Aleixo da Silva, Paula Aparecida Muniz de Lima, Julcinara Oliveira Baptista, José Carlos Lopes, Allan Rocha de Freitas, R. S. Alexandre, Tamyris de Mello, Simone de Oliveira Lopes
The varieties creole are traditionally grown plant, adapted in places where the crops are developed and present in seeds banks of many famers. Thus the objective of this study was to investigate the performance of the germination process and possible toxic effects. Were used seeds of creole cultivars of beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), using different concentrations of aluminum. We used a randomized completely design with four repetitions of 25 seeds and the treatments were distributed in 4 x 5 factorial scheme, consisting of four bean cultivars (Carioca, Butter, Black, Red) and five concentrations (0.0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, and 10.0 mg L-1) of aluminum sulfate. The characteristics analyzed were percentage of germination, percentage of abnormal seedlings, germination speed index, root length, length of the base of the seedling to the hypocotyl, hypocotyl length of seedlings to the epicotyl, root dry mass and shoot dry mass. The variables germination percentage and germination speed index were not affected by the toxic effect of aluminum. The variables percentage of abnormal seedlings, root length and shoot showed a significant reduction with the increase in aluminum sulfate concentrations, thus showing a greater correlation between them. Keywords: Aluminum; Fabaceae; Physiological quality; Toxicity
{"title":"Germination and seed vigor of Phaseolus vulgaris submitted to treatments whit aluminum sulfate","authors":"Josimar Aleixo da Silva, Paula Aparecida Muniz de Lima, Julcinara Oliveira Baptista, José Carlos Lopes, Allan Rocha de Freitas, R. S. Alexandre, Tamyris de Mello, Simone de Oliveira Lopes","doi":"10.9755/ejfa.2023.3167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.2023.3167","url":null,"abstract":"The varieties creole are traditionally grown plant, adapted in places where the crops are developed and present in seeds banks of many famers. Thus the objective of this study was to investigate the performance of the germination process and possible toxic effects. Were used seeds of creole cultivars of beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), using different concentrations of aluminum. We used a randomized completely design with four repetitions of 25 seeds and the treatments were distributed in 4 x 5 factorial scheme, consisting of four bean cultivars (Carioca, Butter, Black, Red) and five concentrations (0.0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, and 10.0 mg L-1) of aluminum sulfate. The characteristics analyzed were percentage of germination, percentage of abnormal seedlings, germination speed index, root length, length of the base of the seedling to the hypocotyl, hypocotyl length of seedlings to the epicotyl, root dry mass and shoot dry mass. The variables germination percentage and germination speed index were not affected by the toxic effect of aluminum. The variables percentage of abnormal seedlings, root length and shoot showed a significant reduction with the increase in aluminum sulfate concentrations, thus showing a greater correlation between them. Keywords: Aluminum; Fabaceae; Physiological quality; Toxicity","PeriodicalId":11648,"journal":{"name":"Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture","volume":"21 3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139286102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
For studying the different recovery maturity influence on tomato postharvest storage quality, in different harvest maturity tomato (green ripe period, color-changing period, red period) as experiment material, put it in 3℃ and 28℃temperature storage, and the determination of three different harvest maturity tomato in weightlessness rate, decay rate in the process of storage, reducing sugar content, titratable acid content, lycopene content and the content of ascorbic acid and so on six indicators, according to the fuzzy weight methods to establish comprehensive evaluation index weights, determine the harvest maturity of science. The results showed that under two different temperature environments, the highest comprehensive evaluation index of tomato was 0.6644 and the storage quality was the best. The comprehensive evaluation index of tomatoes harvested in the color-changing period was 0.4709, which was more suitable for storage at 3℃. The comprehensive evaluation index of tomatoes harvested in green ripening period was 0.3919, and the storage quality was relatively poor. Key words: Tomato ；Ripeness； Effect of storage； Quality; Fuzzy weight methods
{"title":"Effects of harvest ripeness on storage quality of tomato fruits","authors":"Hua-ling Zhang, Xiao-yi Huang, Hai-ying Wang, Xiao-ke Jia, Qin-ru Song, Chen Ting, Zhi-rong Chen","doi":"10.9755/ejfa.2023.3166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.2023.3166","url":null,"abstract":"For studying the different recovery maturity influence on tomato postharvest storage quality, in different harvest maturity tomato (green ripe period, color-changing period, red period) as experiment material, put it in 3℃ and 28℃temperature storage, and the determination of three different harvest maturity tomato in weightlessness rate, decay rate in the process of storage, reducing sugar content, titratable acid content, lycopene content and the content of ascorbic acid and so on six indicators, according to the fuzzy weight methods to establish comprehensive evaluation index weights, determine the harvest maturity of science. The results showed that under two different temperature environments, the highest comprehensive evaluation index of tomato was 0.6644 and the storage quality was the best. The comprehensive evaluation index of tomatoes harvested in the color-changing period was 0.4709, which was more suitable for storage at 3℃. The comprehensive evaluation index of tomatoes harvested in green ripening period was 0.3919, and the storage quality was relatively poor. Key words: Tomato ；Ripeness； Effect of storage； Quality; Fuzzy weight methods","PeriodicalId":11648,"journal":{"name":"Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139284858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bromelain is a complex of cysteine proteases from pineapple (Ananas comosus) which was widely used in meat tenderizers. Earlier, using a synthetic optimized gene approach, recombinant bromelain of MD2-pineapple (MD2-MBro) was successfully produced in a fully soluble form. Nevertheless, the use of MD2-MBro to tenderize the meat has never been examined. Indeed, no report on the meat tenderization activity using recombinant bromelain was found. The aim of the current study is to determine the effect of MD2-MBro on meat tenderness and its physicochemical properties. To address this, MD2-MBro was over-expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 CodonPlus(DE3), followed by purification using a single step of Ni-NTA affinity chromatography. Fresh lamb shoulder meat from a local market in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia, was then treated with MD2-MBro at the concentration of 0 (B0), 0.01 (B1), 0.05 (B2), and 0.1% (B3). The meat tenderness was measured using Warner-Bratzler shear forces, indicating that the addition of MD2-MBro had significantly (P < 0.01) reduced the shear force value from 8.80kg/cm2 to the range of 6.01 to 6.92 kg/cm2, which falls under the category of tender. The ability of MD2-MBro to tenderize meat might be related to its ability to degrade myofibril protein, as demonstrated by the formation of a clear zone under an agar plate system and scanning electron microscopy. Besides, the total protein or sarcoplasmic protein solubility was significantly enhanced by the MD2-MBro treatments, along with soluble peptides, free amino acids, collagen content, and collagen solubility, which indicated the improvement in meat protein digestibility. Other physicochemical properties (color, pH, water-holding capacity, and cooking loss) of the meat were affected by MD2-MBro treatments yet remained in the normal range. Altogether, while MD2-MBro consisted of only a single cysteine protease enzyme, this protein can tenderize meat and increase protein digestibility, with acceptable changes in the overall physicochemical properties.
Keywords: bromelain, cysteine protease, meat tenderizer, recombinant protein, pineapple
{"title":"Tenderness and physicochemical characteristics of meat treated by recombinant bromelain of MD2 pineapple from a codon-optimized synthetic gene","authors":"Rafida Razali, Vijay Kumar, Cahyo Budiman","doi":"10.9755/ejfa.2023.3164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.2023.3164","url":null,"abstract":"Bromelain is a complex of cysteine proteases from pineapple (Ananas comosus) which was widely used in meat tenderizers. Earlier, using a synthetic optimized gene approach, recombinant bromelain of MD2-pineapple (MD2-MBro) was successfully produced in a fully soluble form. Nevertheless, the use of MD2-MBro to tenderize the meat has never been examined. Indeed, no report on the meat tenderization activity using recombinant bromelain was found. The aim of the current study is to determine the effect of MD2-MBro on meat tenderness and its physicochemical properties. To address this, MD2-MBro was over-expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 CodonPlus(DE3), followed by purification using a single step of Ni-NTA affinity chromatography. Fresh lamb shoulder meat from a local market in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia, was then treated with MD2-MBro at the concentration of 0 (B0), 0.01 (B1), 0.05 (B2), and 0.1% (B3). The meat tenderness was measured using Warner-Bratzler shear forces, indicating that the addition of MD2-MBro had significantly (P < 0.01) reduced the shear force value from 8.80kg/cm2 to the range of 6.01 to 6.92 kg/cm2, which falls under the category of tender. The ability of MD2-MBro to tenderize meat might be related to its ability to degrade myofibril protein, as demonstrated by the formation of a clear zone under an agar plate system and scanning electron microscopy. Besides, the total protein or sarcoplasmic protein solubility was significantly enhanced by the MD2-MBro treatments, along with soluble peptides, free amino acids, collagen content, and collagen solubility, which indicated the improvement in meat protein digestibility. Other physicochemical properties (color, pH, water-holding capacity, and cooking loss) of the meat were affected by MD2-MBro treatments yet remained in the normal range. Altogether, while MD2-MBro consisted of only a single cysteine protease enzyme, this protein can tenderize meat and increase protein digestibility, with acceptable changes in the overall physicochemical properties.
 Keywords: bromelain, cysteine protease, meat tenderizer, recombinant protein, pineapple","PeriodicalId":11648,"journal":{"name":"Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136058573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammed Saeed Alkaltham, Pandurangan Subash-Babu, Ahmad Mohammad Salamatullah, Ghalia Shamlan, Laila Al-Harbi, Ali A Alshatwi
Current strategy for colorectal cancer (CRC) therapy like regular intake of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may reduce the risk of developing CRC but they induce the regression of adenomas. Even the CRC management technique include colectomy, have not yet been proven to reduce mortality. The present study aimed to reduce the susceptibility of CRC via controlling cellular oxidative stress, inflammation and caspase depended apoptosis in HT-115 human colorectal cancer cells using pistachio seed coat extract as nutritional therapy. Increasing concentrations of pistachio seed coat ethyl acetate extract (PSCE) were applied to HT-115 cells, which were incubated for 24 h and 48 h. The IC50 values were 14 mg/dl after 24 h, and and 7.5 mg/dl after 48 h. Acridine orange/ ethidium bromide staining confirmed the presence of 32% early apoptotic, 27% pre-apoptotic, 12% apoptotic, and 6% necrotic cells after 48 h. PSCE at 14 mg/dl significantly increased the antioxidant capacity via the expression of CYP1A and GSK3β, and decreased inflammatory agents via decreasing NF-κb, TNF-α, COX-2 and PGE-2 expression three-fold after 48 h. The expression of the tumor suppression related genes p53 and mdm2, and the apoptosis related genes Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase 3, p21, and PCNA levels increased one-fold, and levels of mdm2, Bcl-2 and PCNA decreased after PME treatment of 48 h. PSCE effectively controlled colon cancer cell proliferation via the caspase-dependent mitochondrial mediated apoptotic pathway. Keywords: Pistachia vera, cytotoxicity, human colon cancer, Cis-Vaccininc acid, apoptosis
{"title":"Cis-vaccinic acid, Dibutyl-Cyanamide and 9, 12-Octadecadienoic acid from pistachio (Pistachia vera) seed coat (PSCE) induced nuclear damage and cytotoxicity in human colon cancer HT-115 cells","authors":"Mohammed Saeed Alkaltham, Pandurangan Subash-Babu, Ahmad Mohammad Salamatullah, Ghalia Shamlan, Laila Al-Harbi, Ali A Alshatwi","doi":"10.9755/ejfa.2023.3163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.2023.3163","url":null,"abstract":"Current strategy for colorectal cancer (CRC) therapy like regular intake of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may reduce the risk of developing CRC but they induce the regression of adenomas. Even the CRC management technique include colectomy, have not yet been proven to reduce mortality. The present study aimed to reduce the susceptibility of CRC via controlling cellular oxidative stress, inflammation and caspase depended apoptosis in HT-115 human colorectal cancer cells using pistachio seed coat extract as nutritional therapy. Increasing concentrations of pistachio seed coat ethyl acetate extract (PSCE) were applied to HT-115 cells, which were incubated for 24 h and 48 h. The IC50 values were 14 mg/dl after 24 h, and and 7.5 mg/dl after 48 h. Acridine orange/ ethidium bromide staining confirmed the presence of 32% early apoptotic, 27% pre-apoptotic, 12% apoptotic, and 6% necrotic cells after 48 h. PSCE at 14 mg/dl significantly increased the antioxidant capacity via the expression of CYP1A and GSK3β, and decreased inflammatory agents via decreasing NF-κb, TNF-α, COX-2 and PGE-2 expression three-fold after 48 h. The expression of the tumor suppression related genes p53 and mdm2, and the apoptosis related genes Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase 3, p21, and PCNA levels increased one-fold, and levels of mdm2, Bcl-2 and PCNA decreased after PME treatment of 48 h. PSCE effectively controlled colon cancer cell proliferation via the caspase-dependent mitochondrial mediated apoptotic pathway. \u0000Keywords: Pistachia vera, cytotoxicity, human colon cancer, Cis-Vaccininc acid, apoptosis","PeriodicalId":11648,"journal":{"name":"Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture","volume":"5 9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135471195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pinyi Gao, Xin Shen, Yongdan Guo, Mei Jin, Dandan Yue, Danqi Li, Xuegui Liu, Changfeng Liu
Rosa laevigata Michx. is an edible traditional Chinese medicinal herb that possesses several health benefits. This study optimized the microwave-assisted extraction conditions of polysaccharides from Rosa laevigata fruits and investigated the antimicrobial potency and the antioxidant activity of Rosa laevigata polysaccharides. The microwave power, extraction time, the number of extraction, and the solvent-to-solid ratio were established using a three-factor, three-level Box-Behnken Design (BBD) and Response Surface Methodology (RSM) using screening experiments. Maximum polysaccharides yields were obtained when extraction was done for 18 min at a microwave power of 516 W and using a liquid-solid ratio of 54 mL/g. The polysaccharides yield was 20.37 % under the optimized conditions (predictive value for 20.40 %). This study also determined the antioxidant activity and the antibacterial potency of Rosa laevigata fruits to enhance their functional characterization and medicinal use. The antioxidant experiment showed that when the concentration was 5.0 mg/mL, polysaccharides had the strongest scavenging ability to DPPH free radicals and ABTS free radicals, and the scavenging rate was 83.06 % and 99.38 % respectively. Furthermore, the antibacterial experiment showed that the polysaccharides exhibited prominent inhibition activities, the MIC against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) at 3.13 mg/mL and 1.56 mg/mL, respectively. Keywords: Rosa laevigata Michx.; polysaccharides; microwave-assisted extraction; antibacterial activity; antioxidant activity
{"title":"RSM-optimization of microwave-assisted extraction of R. laevigata polysaccharides with bioactivities","authors":"Pinyi Gao, Xin Shen, Yongdan Guo, Mei Jin, Dandan Yue, Danqi Li, Xuegui Liu, Changfeng Liu","doi":"10.9755/ejfa.2023.3159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.2023.3159","url":null,"abstract":"Rosa laevigata Michx. is an edible traditional Chinese medicinal herb that possesses several health benefits. This study optimized the microwave-assisted extraction conditions of polysaccharides from Rosa laevigata fruits and investigated the antimicrobial potency and the antioxidant activity of Rosa laevigata polysaccharides. The microwave power, extraction time, the number of extraction, and the solvent-to-solid ratio were established using a three-factor, three-level Box-Behnken Design (BBD) and Response Surface Methodology (RSM) using screening experiments. Maximum polysaccharides yields were obtained when extraction was done for 18 min at a microwave power of 516 W and using a liquid-solid ratio of 54 mL/g. The polysaccharides yield was 20.37 % under the optimized conditions (predictive value for 20.40 %). This study also determined the antioxidant activity and the antibacterial potency of Rosa laevigata fruits to enhance their functional characterization and medicinal use. The antioxidant experiment showed that when the concentration was 5.0 mg/mL, polysaccharides had the strongest scavenging ability to DPPH free radicals and ABTS free radicals, and the scavenging rate was 83.06 % and 99.38 % respectively. Furthermore, the antibacterial experiment showed that the polysaccharides exhibited prominent inhibition activities, the MIC against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) at 3.13 mg/mL and 1.56 mg/mL, respectively. Keywords: Rosa laevigata Michx.; polysaccharides; microwave-assisted extraction; antibacterial activity; antioxidant activity","PeriodicalId":11648,"journal":{"name":"Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139340929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yasemin Vurarak, Pinar Cubukcu, Ahmet Korhan Sahar, Celile Aylin Oluk
Green stem syndrome is one of the major problems encountered in soybean production in the world because it makes harvesting with a combine harvester difficult. Although the prevalence of the green stem syndrome Turkey is unknown, in recent years it has started to be observed frequently. Leaf color characters in the growing stages of some soybean varieties have been determined according to varieties in this study. Color changes in the leaves from V3 to R8 phase were monitored using L *, a *, b * color scale. Possibility of detecting changes in leaf color before the R8 stage was studied. Some quality parameters have been evaluated in seed samples obtained from plants with and without symptoms in the R8 stage. It was determined that the germination rate of the seeds obtained from the plants with the syndrome decreased by 61.4% on average compared to those from healthy plants. Furthermore, compared to non-symptomatic seeds, symptomatic seeds were larger, had a lower fat ratio, lower palmitic and linoleic fatty acid values, and higher oleic fatty acid values. At this study was determined that the most significant difference was manifested in terms of stem moisture values during germination and harvesting. In addition, detection of green stem syndrome can be used b* color value as a marker. The hypothesis of the study is that the syndrome can be diagnosed at early stage by following color values in the soybean leaves. In the future studies the color of the leaf can also be a parameter available for the machine learning models.
Keywords: Harvest stage, Glycine max (L.), green stem syndrome, leaf color, machine learning
{"title":"A study of the effects of green stem syndrome on some quality parameters in soybean and the possibility of early detection","authors":"Yasemin Vurarak, Pinar Cubukcu, Ahmet Korhan Sahar, Celile Aylin Oluk","doi":"10.9755/ejfa.2023.3161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.2023.3161","url":null,"abstract":"Green stem syndrome is one of the major problems encountered in soybean production in the world because it makes harvesting with a combine harvester difficult. Although the prevalence of the green stem syndrome Turkey is unknown, in recent years it has started to be observed frequently. Leaf color characters in the growing stages of some soybean varieties have been determined according to varieties in this study. Color changes in the leaves from V3 to R8 phase were monitored using L *, a *, b * color scale. Possibility of detecting changes in leaf color before the R8 stage was studied. Some quality parameters have been evaluated in seed samples obtained from plants with and without symptoms in the R8 stage. It was determined that the germination rate of the seeds obtained from the plants with the syndrome decreased by 61.4% on average compared to those from healthy plants. Furthermore, compared to non-symptomatic seeds, symptomatic seeds were larger, had a lower fat ratio, lower palmitic and linoleic fatty acid values, and higher oleic fatty acid values. At this study was determined that the most significant difference was manifested in terms of stem moisture values during germination and harvesting. In addition, detection of green stem syndrome can be used b* color value as a marker. The hypothesis of the study is that the syndrome can be diagnosed at early stage by following color values in the soybean leaves. In the future studies the color of the leaf can also be a parameter available for the machine learning models.
 Keywords: Harvest stage, Glycine max (L.), green stem syndrome, leaf color, machine learning
","PeriodicalId":11648,"journal":{"name":"Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135935617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Between January and December 2019, banded carpet shell (Polititapes rhomboides, Pennant 1777) were gathered from Çardak Lagoon (Çanakkale Strait). The length value was found to range from 32.92 to 36.37 mm, weight between 7.90 and 11.75 g, condition index from 4.44 to 8.70, and meat yield was found to be ranging from 11.95% to 24.95%. Negative allometry was determined in the W/L relationship of P. rhomboides. The main meat component of P. rhomboides was moisture (54.70-65.57%) and protein (52.89-62.10%) with the other components being carbohydrate (10.95-21.30%), lipid (12.79-17.18%) and ash (7.69-19.93%). The correlation between moisture and carbohydrate was positive, whereas the correlation between moisture and protein was negative (p<0.05). The present study not only informs us on composition but also recommends consumption of the species since it is easier to market and consume. Arginine amino acid was found to be the highest in quantity, which was followed by glutamic acid, serine, methionine, alanine, and aspartic acid.
Keywords: Length-weight relationship, Meat yield, Protein, Lipid, Çanakkale Strait.
{"title":"Amino acid and biochemical composition of Banded Carpet Shell (Polititapes rhomboides, Pennant, 1777), collected from the Çardak Lagoon, Turkey","authors":"Pervin Vural","doi":"10.9755/ejfa.2023.3156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.2023.3156","url":null,"abstract":"Between January and December 2019, banded carpet shell (Polititapes rhomboides, Pennant 1777) were gathered from Çardak Lagoon (Çanakkale Strait). The length value was found to range from 32.92 to 36.37 mm, weight between 7.90 and 11.75 g, condition index from 4.44 to 8.70, and meat yield was found to be ranging from 11.95% to 24.95%. Negative allometry was determined in the W/L relationship of P. rhomboides. The main meat component of P. rhomboides was moisture (54.70-65.57%) and protein (52.89-62.10%) with the other components being carbohydrate (10.95-21.30%), lipid (12.79-17.18%) and ash (7.69-19.93%). The correlation between moisture and carbohydrate was positive, whereas the correlation between moisture and protein was negative (p<0.05). The present study not only informs us on composition but also recommends consumption of the species since it is easier to market and consume. Arginine amino acid was found to be the highest in quantity, which was followed by glutamic acid, serine, methionine, alanine, and aspartic acid. 
 Keywords: Length-weight relationship, Meat yield, Protein, Lipid, Çanakkale Strait.","PeriodicalId":11648,"journal":{"name":"Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture","volume":"2014 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135887099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vitis labrusca has become widely naturalized in the Black Sea region of Northern Turkey. The aim of this work was to evaluate the morphological, phenological, and genetic characteristics of V. labrusca accessions grown in the Black Sea region during the last three growing seasons. Local genotypes were described according to the Organisation Internationale de la Vigne et du Vin (OIV) ampelographic descriptor, including shoot length (cm), mature leaf size, bunch length and width, berry length and width, berry weight, number of berries, Total Soluble Solids (TTS) and titratable acidity. Additionally, phenological data, including bud burst, flowering, veraison and harvest date, were recorded. The accessions were characterized at the molecular level, and genetic relationships were assessed by means of Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers. Using 6 ISSR primers, seventy-seven bands were obtained, of which 69 were polymorphic with a mean polymorphic rate of 88.68%. These ISSR primers produced polymorphism information content (PIC) values ranging from 0.48 to 0.5. The genetic similarity ranged from 0.08 to 0.83 among the genotypes. According to the dendrogram based on the ISSR analysis, Accessions 8 and 5 were genetically related, with a coefficient of similarity of 0.83, while Accession 3 was the most distantly related genotype, with a coefficient of similarity of 0.08. These results demonstrated that ISSR markers can be used for genetic diversity analysis among V. labrusca genotypes. Our results also described characteristics of new V. labrusca genotypes that could be valuable for future Marker-Assisted Selection (MAS) and grapevine breeding.
Key words: Diversity, foxy species, Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat markers (ISSRs), Breeding, polymorphism
{"title":"Phenological, morphological and genetic characterization of local grapevine (Vitis labrusca L.) genotypes grown in the Black Sea Region in Northern Turkey","authors":"Birsen Çakır Aydemir, Kezban Yazıcı, Burcu Göksu","doi":"10.9755/ejfa.2023.3160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.2023.3160","url":null,"abstract":"Vitis labrusca has become widely naturalized in the Black Sea region of Northern Turkey. The aim of this work was to evaluate the morphological, phenological, and genetic characteristics of V. labrusca accessions grown in the Black Sea region during the last three growing seasons. Local genotypes were described according to the Organisation Internationale de la Vigne et du Vin (OIV) ampelographic descriptor, including shoot length (cm), mature leaf size, bunch length and width, berry length and width, berry weight, number of berries, Total Soluble Solids (TTS) and titratable acidity. Additionally, phenological data, including bud burst, flowering, veraison and harvest date, were recorded. The accessions were characterized at the molecular level, and genetic relationships were assessed by means of Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers. Using 6 ISSR primers, seventy-seven bands were obtained, of which 69 were polymorphic with a mean polymorphic rate of 88.68%. These ISSR primers produced polymorphism information content (PIC) values ranging from 0.48 to 0.5. The genetic similarity ranged from 0.08 to 0.83 among the genotypes. According to the dendrogram based on the ISSR analysis, Accessions 8 and 5 were genetically related, with a coefficient of similarity of 0.83, while Accession 3 was the most distantly related genotype, with a coefficient of similarity of 0.08. These results demonstrated that ISSR markers can be used for genetic diversity analysis among V. labrusca genotypes. Our results also described characteristics of new V. labrusca genotypes that could be valuable for future Marker-Assisted Selection (MAS) and grapevine breeding.
 Key words: Diversity, foxy species, Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat markers (ISSRs), Breeding, polymorphism","PeriodicalId":11648,"journal":{"name":"Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135887100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Morales-Sánchez José Luis, Hernández-Bautista Emilio, Sánchez-Medina Marco Antonio, Pérez-Santiago Alma Dolores, Matías-Pérez Diana, García-Montalvo Iván Antonio
The present investigation evaluated the pre-Hispanic food called "nicuatole" based on corn, from the Central Valleys region of the state of Oaxaca, Mexico. The objective of the present work was to present preliminary results of the physicochemical and proximate properties of the pre-Hispanic food locally known as "nicuatole". The sample was prepared based on the traditional endemic recipe of the population of San Agustín Yatareni, Oaxaca, Mexico. To determine the physicochemical composition, samples of 10 g and 3 g were used for the tests (pH and density) and nutritional tests (moisture, proteins, lipids, minerals, and carbohydrates) based on the methods described by the Association of Official Analytical Chemistry (AOAC). As results, it was obtained that it has a pH of 6.18 and a density of 1.0812 g*mL-1. The main results of the proximal analysis and chemical composition of "nicuatole" were 2.1325% protein; 1.54% ash; 66.3738% humidity content; 0.7563% lipids; 9.6271% carbohydrates; 13.1731% fiber. The pre-Hispanic food known as "nicuatole" can be considered a healthy alternative for the Mexican population.
Keywords: Pre-hispanic food; Nicuatole; Zea mays; Mexico; Dessert
{"title":"Preliminary study of Nicuatole, a traditional endemic food based on Zea mays from the Central Valleys Region, Oaxaca, Mexico","authors":"Morales-Sánchez José Luis, Hernández-Bautista Emilio, Sánchez-Medina Marco Antonio, Pérez-Santiago Alma Dolores, Matías-Pérez Diana, García-Montalvo Iván Antonio","doi":"10.9755/ejfa.2023.3155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.2023.3155","url":null,"abstract":"The present investigation evaluated the pre-Hispanic food called \"nicuatole\" based on corn, from the Central Valleys region of the state of Oaxaca, Mexico. The objective of the present work was to present preliminary results of the physicochemical and proximate properties of the pre-Hispanic food locally known as \"nicuatole\". The sample was prepared based on the traditional endemic recipe of the population of San Agustín Yatareni, Oaxaca, Mexico. To determine the physicochemical composition, samples of 10 g and 3 g were used for the tests (pH and density) and nutritional tests (moisture, proteins, lipids, minerals, and carbohydrates) based on the methods described by the Association of Official Analytical Chemistry (AOAC). As results, it was obtained that it has a pH of 6.18 and a density of 1.0812 g*mL-1. The main results of the proximal analysis and chemical composition of \"nicuatole\" were 2.1325% protein; 1.54% ash; 66.3738% humidity content; 0.7563% lipids; 9.6271% carbohydrates; 13.1731% fiber. The pre-Hispanic food known as \"nicuatole\" can be considered a healthy alternative for the Mexican population.
 Keywords: Pre-hispanic food; Nicuatole; Zea mays; Mexico; Dessert
","PeriodicalId":11648,"journal":{"name":"Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136025469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study was conducted to select promising Turkish local Cucurbita rootstocks among intraspecific and interspecific hybrids for grafted melon seedling based on hybrid success rate, hypocotyl traits and graft compatibility. Rooting potentials, root system architecture and plant growth parameters of the rootstocks grafted with melon were also evaluated. Two lines of C. maxima (male parent) and eleven lines of C. moschata (female parent) at S5 generation were used. In addition, six winter squash lines were used as male parent and six pumpkin lines were used as female parent in intraspecific hybridization program. Intraspecific hybrid combinations had quite high number of seeds per fruit as compared to interspecific hybrid combinations. The highest number of seeds per fruit was obtained from HMO2 × OMO2 (359) and OMO5 × HMO8 (314) hybrid combinations. Hypocotyl lengths of all hybrid cucurbit rootstock combinations ranged from 32.96 mm (RS17) to 73.35 mm (RS8) and hypocotyl thicknesses ranged from 2.71 mm (RS2) to 3.55 mm (RS8). Graft success rates varied between 96.6 – 100% in winter squash and pumpkin intraspecific hybrids and between 87.1 – 100% in interspecific hybrids. Significant differences were seen in root architecture parameters (root length, root volume, mean root diameter, root surface area and root dry matter weight) of intraspecific and interspecies hybrid Cucurbita lines. The findings of the study indicated that the intraspecific and interspecific local cucurbit rootstock candidates developed within the rootstock breeding program showed promise as viable options for commercial use as rootstocks for grafted melon seedlings. Research about the effects of selected intraspecific and interspecific hybrid Cucurbita rootstock candidates on earliness, fruit quality and yield parameters of grafted melon will continue.
Keywords: Cucurbita maxima; Cucurbita moschata; Rootstock breeding; Root system architecture; Melon
本研究根据杂交成功率、下胚轴性状和嫁接相容性，从种内和种间杂交中选择有前途的土耳其地方瓜砧木嫁接瓜苗。并对嫁接甜瓜的砧木的生根势、根系构型和植株生长参数进行了评价。在S5代选用了2个大花花(父本)系和11个花花花(母本)系。另外，用6个冬瓜品系作父本，6个南瓜品系作母本进行种内杂交。种内杂交组合比种间杂交组合具有更高的单果种子数。单果种子数以HMO2 × OMO2(359颗)和OMO5 × HMO8(314颗)组合最高。所有杂交瓜根组合的下胚轴长度为32.96 mm (RS17) ~ 73.35 mm (RS8)，下胚轴厚度为2.71 mm (RS2) ~ 3.55 mm (RS8)。冬瓜和南瓜种内杂交嫁接成功率在96.6 ~ 100%之间，种间杂交嫁接成功率在87.1 ~ 100%之间。种内和种间杂交瓜系的根构型参数(根长、根体积、平均根径、根表面积和根干物质重)差异显著。研究结果表明，在砧木育种计划中培育的种内和种间的葫芦砧木候选品种有望作为嫁接甜瓜幼苗的商业砧木。今后将继续研究选育的种内和种间杂交瓜砧木候选品种对嫁接甜瓜的早熟性、果实品质和产量参数的影响。
关键词:大葫芦;Cucurbita moschata;根茎繁殖;根系结构;瓜# x0D;
{"title":"The selection of intra-inter specific Cucurbita rootstocks for grafted melon seedlings","authors":"Dilek KANDEMİR","doi":"10.9755/ejfa.2023.3152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.2023.3152","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to select promising Turkish local Cucurbita rootstocks among intraspecific and interspecific hybrids for grafted melon seedling based on hybrid success rate, hypocotyl traits and graft compatibility. Rooting potentials, root system architecture and plant growth parameters of the rootstocks grafted with melon were also evaluated. Two lines of C. maxima (male parent) and eleven lines of C. moschata (female parent) at S5 generation were used. In addition, six winter squash lines were used as male parent and six pumpkin lines were used as female parent in intraspecific hybridization program. Intraspecific hybrid combinations had quite high number of seeds per fruit as compared to interspecific hybrid combinations. The highest number of seeds per fruit was obtained from HMO2 × OMO2 (359) and OMO5 × HMO8 (314) hybrid combinations. Hypocotyl lengths of all hybrid cucurbit rootstock combinations ranged from 32.96 mm (RS17) to 73.35 mm (RS8) and hypocotyl thicknesses ranged from 2.71 mm (RS2) to 3.55 mm (RS8). Graft success rates varied between 96.6 – 100% in winter squash and pumpkin intraspecific hybrids and between 87.1 – 100% in interspecific hybrids. Significant differences were seen in root architecture parameters (root length, root volume, mean root diameter, root surface area and root dry matter weight) of intraspecific and interspecies hybrid Cucurbita lines. The findings of the study indicated that the intraspecific and interspecific local cucurbit rootstock candidates developed within the rootstock breeding program showed promise as viable options for commercial use as rootstocks for grafted melon seedlings. Research about the effects of selected intraspecific and interspecific hybrid Cucurbita rootstock candidates on earliness, fruit quality and yield parameters of grafted melon will continue.
 Keywords: Cucurbita maxima; Cucurbita moschata; Rootstock breeding; Root system architecture; Melon
","PeriodicalId":11648,"journal":{"name":"Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136073244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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