Energy Policy最新文献_第7页

How representative is SDG7 of energy poverty in politically unstable landscapes? Guiding measurement and monitoring from perceptions to realities 在政治不稳定的环境下，可持续发展七国集团对能源贫困的代表性如何？指导从观念到现实的测量和监测

IF 9.2 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Energy Policy

Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2025.115051

Sara Zaidan , Mutasem El Fadel

The pursuit of Sustainable Development Goal 7 (SDG7) has gained global prominence amid growing concerns over energy poverty (EP), a challenge further exacerbated during periods of conflict. This study hypothesizes the prevailing narrow definitions of SDG7 reflect only a partial view of energy systems, risking overly optimistic assessments particularly in conflict settings. These dynamics are examined in the context of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), a region characterized by a history of protracted and ongoing conflict. A data-driven comparative analysis of 26 countries in the MENA was conducted to discern national trends in SDG7 indicators (positive, neutral, or negative) while factoring in political rank (stable or unstable), development status (developed or developing), and income level (low, middle or high). Results reveal predominantly positive SDG7 trends across the region including among fifteen politically unstable, developing, and low-to middle-income countries. Observed progress does not necessarily translate into improved outcomes for the energy-poor who remain disproportionately affected by pre-existing inequalities. We attribute misleading perceptions of progress in SDG7 to concealed methodological root causes that mask the true scale of EP realities. Accordingly, a novel energy policy taxonomy was proposed to advance the measurement and monitoring of energy system performance into better capturing eighteen emerging energy development dimensions influencing EP considering environmental, social, economic, and political criteria. Application of the taxonomy demonstrates why relying on SDG7 indicators alone may create a false sense of achievement for some countries. Moving forward, this framework can guide indicator formulation for the post-2030 agenda of new global goals to inform targeted evidence-based policy planning towards accelerating EP alleviation.

在对能源贫困（EP）日益关注的背景下，追求可持续发展目标7 （SDG7）已成为全球关注的焦点，这一挑战在冲突期间进一步加剧。本研究假设，普遍存在的对SDG7的狭隘定义仅反映了对能源系统的部分看法，可能导致评估过于乐观，尤其是在冲突环境中。这些动态在中东和北非（MENA）的背景下进行了检查，这是一个以长期和持续冲突的历史为特征的地区。对中东和北非地区的26个国家进行了数据驱动的比较分析，以辨别可持续发展七国集团指标的国家趋势（积极、中性或消极），同时考虑到政治等级（稳定或不稳定）、发展状况（发达或发展中）和收入水平（低、中或高）。结果显示，包括15个政治不稳定的发展中国家和中低收入国家在内的整个地区，可持续发展七国集团的趋势主要是积极的。观察到的进展并不一定转化为能源贫乏者的改善结果，他们仍然受到先前存在的不平等的不成比例的影响。我们将对可持续发展七国集团进展的误导性看法归因于隐藏的方法根源，这些根源掩盖了经济发展现实的真实规模。因此，本文提出了一种新的能源政策分类法，以促进能源系统绩效的测量和监测，更好地捕捉影响环境、社会、经济和政治标准的18个新兴能源发展维度。分类法的应用表明，为什么仅仅依赖SDG7指标可能会给一些国家带来一种虚假的成就感。展望未来，该框架可以为2030年后新的全球目标议程的指标制定提供指导，为有针对性的循证政策规划提供信息，以加速减轻环境影响。

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引用次数: 0

Uncertainties in the German energy transition: detecting robust solutions under shock events in long-term transformation pathways 德国能源转型中的不确定性：在长期转型路径中的冲击事件下检测稳健解决方案

IF 9.2 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Energy Policy

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2025.115044

Gunter Grimm , Patrick Jürgens , Christoph Kost

Energy system models are used worldwide in political decision-making processes for the energy transition. As they project into an uncertain future, there is a growing focus on addressing their inherent uncertainties. In addition, the robustness of model results against changing conditions and uncertainties is becoming increasingly important. In this paper, a Global Sensitivity Analysis (GSA) is applied for the first time to a German sector-coupled energy system model. This allows examination of uncertainties in the energy system model REMod and derivation of more robust solutions for the energy transition. While many input assumptions, such as projected investment costs of technologies and prices of imported hydrogen and synthetic fuels, have a low influence on the model results, there are a few parameters with high influence, namely demand-related assumptions, the carbon budget, the discount rate and expansion limits of wind power and photovoltaics. Based on the GSA and potential societal and geopolitical developments, five shock events have been modeled to occur between 2036 and 2040: limited expansion of photovoltaics, onshore and offshore wind, increasing electricity demand and restricted hydrogen imports. A quantitative scenario analysis is used to evaluate the robustness of the model results against a combination of these shock events. The results show that an accelerated expansion of photovoltaics, electrolysis and hydrogen storage before 2035 in line with an early decarbonization, increases the robustness of the energy transition, leading to additional costs of a maximum of (

180 \pm 30

) billion € relative to the optimal path until 2045.

能源系统模型在世界范围内用于能源转型的政治决策过程。随着它们预测不确定的未来，人们越来越关注解决它们固有的不确定性。此外，模型结果对变化条件和不确定性的鲁棒性也变得越来越重要。本文首次将全局敏感性分析（GSA）应用于德国部门耦合能源系统模型。这允许检查能源系统模型REMod中的不确定性，并推导出更可靠的能源转换解决方案。虽然许多投入假设，如技术的预计投资成本和进口氢和合成燃料的价格，对模型结果的影响不大，但有几个参数的影响很大，即与需求有关的假设、碳预算、贴现率和风力发电和光伏发电的扩张限制。根据GSA和潜在的社会和地缘政治发展，2036年至2040年期间将发生五种冲击事件：光伏发电、陆上和海上风电的有限扩张、电力需求的增加和氢进口的限制。定量情景分析用于评估模型结果对这些冲击事件组合的稳健性。结果表明，在2035年之前，光伏、电解和储氢的加速扩张与早期脱碳一致，增加了能源转型的稳健性，导致到2045年相对于最优路径的额外成本最多为（180±300）亿欧元。

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引用次数: 0

Energy policy and citizens’ perceptions: The role of PV+BES systems in driving a sustainable energy transition 能源政策和公民的看法：光伏+BES系统在推动可持续能源转型中的作用

IF 9.2 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Energy Policy

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2025.115065

Idiano D'Adamo , Simone Di Leo , Federico Fabbi , Massimo Gastaldi , Antonio Felice Uricchio

Photovoltaic (PV) systems integrated with battery energy storage (BES) are central to the energy transition, linking technological innovation with social and behavioural dimensions. This study explores how citizens’ choices can contribute to sustainable development in Italy, based on data from an online survey. The results reveal that investment in PV systems is seen as a top priority for a sustainable future, receiving an average score of 8.75/10, while PV + BES integration is rated slightly lower, at 7.90/10. A majority of respondents (55 %) report being unable to modify their energy consumption habits, underscoring the perceived necessity of BES for enhancing self-consumption at both individual and collective levels.

Citizens place greater importance on self-consumption than on government incentives and benefits associated with proximity to green energy facilities (e.g., environmental, economic, safety-related). While renewable energy investments strengthen consumer confidence, sustainability has not yet become a decisive factor in purchasing behaviour.

The demographic analysis indicates more sustainable behaviour among women and individuals over 30, whereas no significant differences are observed among those living near industrial areas. A cluster analysis further identifies the profiles of citizens most receptive to PV + BES adoption in industrial contexts.

Overall, the study demonstrates that citizens’ behaviours and preferences are pivotal in the uptake of renewable energy technologies. Understanding these social dynamics, in conjunction with technological advancements, is vital to progressing the sustainable energy transition and supporting Sustainable Development Goals 7 and 9. The present findings suggest that policies fostering self-consumption and investment in PV + BES systems may effectively integrate environmental, economic, and social benefits while promoting citizen engagement in energy sustainability.

与电池储能（BES）集成的光伏（PV）系统是能源转型的核心，将技术创新与社会和行为维度联系起来。本研究基于一项在线调查的数据，探讨了公民的选择如何有助于意大利的可持续发展。结果显示，对光伏系统的投资被视为可持续未来的首要任务，平均得分为8.75/10，而光伏+ BES集成的得分略低，为7.90/10。大多数受访者（55%）表示无法改变他们的能源消费习惯，这强调了在个人和集体层面上提高自我消费的BES的必要性。公民更重视自我消费，而不是与绿色能源设施相关的政府激励和利益（例如，环境，经济，安全相关）。虽然可再生能源投资增强了消费者信心，但可持续性尚未成为购买行为的决定性因素。人口分析表明，妇女和30岁以上的人的行为更加可持续，而在工业区附近的人之间没有观察到明显的差异。聚类分析进一步确定了在工业环境中最接受光伏+ BES采用的公民概况。总体而言，该研究表明，公民的行为和偏好对可再生能源技术的采用至关重要。了解这些社会动态，结合技术进步，对于推进可持续能源转型和支持可持续发展目标7和9至关重要。本研究结果表明，鼓励光伏+ BES系统自我消费和投资的政策可以有效地整合环境、经济和社会效益，同时促进公民参与能源可持续发展。

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引用次数: 0

Back to the hearth: Unraveling the triple nexus of population aging, income descent, and regressive energy transition in rural households 回归家庭：解开人口老龄化、收入下降和农村家庭能源退化的三重关系

IF 9.2 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Energy Policy

Pub Date : 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2025.115054

Wei Ouyang, Chen Liang, Yang Zhou

Ensuring affordable clean energy and reducing inequalities are fundamental to the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals. Dependence on non-clean energy sources exacerbates household air pollution and clean energy consumption inequality (CECI). This study, based the 6E framework of energy selection, examines the impact of household population aging (HPA) on clean energy consumption (CEC) and CECI in rural households, using balanced panel data from 3,404 rural households spanning 2020–2023. The findings reveal a diversified energy consumption pattern, with rural households utilizing an average of 2.7 energy sources. A three-way fixed effects model identifies a significant negative correlation: a 1 % increase in HPA leads to a 0.031 % decrease in CEC. The results remain robust after addressing reverse causality using the instrumental variable method and lagging the core explanatory variable, alongside multiple robustness checks. This decline is primarily driven by reduced non-agricultural income and increased reliance on traditional biomass energy. As HPA constrains CEC, rural households experience heightened CECI at the consumption level. While the impact varies by energy type, it remains consistent across different energy applications and income compositions. Notably, the adverse effects are most pronounced in households without pension support. These findings highlight the need for targeted policies, such as subsidies for elderly farmers, to enhance clean energy adoption and mitigate the challenges posed by demographic shifts in rural areas.

确保负担得起的清洁能源和减少不平等是联合国可持续发展目标的基础。对非清洁能源的依赖加剧了家庭空气污染和清洁能源消费不平等（CECI）。本研究基于6E能源选择框架，利用2020-2023年3404户农村家庭的均衡面板数据，考察了家庭人口老龄化对农村家庭清洁能源消费（CEC）和CECI的影响。调查结果显示，中国的能源消费模式多样化，农村家庭平均使用2.7种能源。一个三向固定效应模型确定了显著的负相关：HPA增加1%导致CEC下降0.031%。在使用工具变量方法解决反向因果关系并滞后于核心解释变量以及多个稳健性检查后，结果仍然稳健性。这种下降主要是由于非农业收入减少和对传统生物质能的依赖增加所致。由于HPA限制CECI，农村家庭在消费层面的CECI增加。虽然影响因能源类型而异，但在不同的能源应用和收入构成中保持一致。值得注意的是，不利影响在没有养老金支持的家庭中最为明显。这些发现突出表明，需要制定有针对性的政策，例如对老年农民的补贴，以促进清洁能源的采用，并缓解农村地区人口结构变化带来的挑战。

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引用次数: 0

The digital economy and rural household energy consumption in China 数字经济与中国农村家庭能源消费

IF 9.2 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Energy Policy

Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2025.115063

Hui Mao , Xiaoyan Zhou , Yong Fu , Congyi Dai

Energy transition constitutes a critical pillar of sustainable development. The digital economy enhances rural households’ access to advanced energy and critical information for the energy transition. Using household-level survey data from rural China, this study examines the impact of the digital economy on rural household energy consumption. We find that the digital economy significantly increases household energy consumption diversity. This result remains robust after addressing potential endogeneity through an instrumental variable measured by gigabit fiber-optic internet penetration. Furthermore, the digital economy facilitates the energy transition by promoting the adoption of both transitional and advanced energy while reducing reliance on primitive energy. Mechanically, the digital economy facilitates rural household energy transition by increasing access to digital credit, raising energy cognition, and augmenting social capital. Heterogeneity analysis reveals that the impact of the digital economy on energy consumption is more pronounced for low-income households than for their high-income households. Consequently, future policies should prioritize promoting rural digitalization, advancing digital credit services, encouraging the adoption of advanced energy, increasing engagement from social organizations, and formulating differentiated energy policies to support low-income populations.

能源转型是可持续发展的关键支柱。数字经济增加了农村家庭获得先进能源和能源转型关键信息的途径。本研究利用中国农村家庭层面的调查数据，考察了数字经济对农村家庭能源消费的影响。我们发现，数字经济显著增加了家庭能源消费的多样性。通过千兆光纤互联网普及率测量的工具变量解决潜在内生性后，该结果仍然稳健。此外，数字经济通过促进过渡能源和先进能源的采用，减少对原始能源的依赖，从而促进能源转型。从机械上讲，数字经济通过增加数字信贷渠道、提高能源认知和增加社会资本来促进农村家庭能源转型。异质性分析表明，数字经济对低收入家庭能源消费的影响比高收入家庭更为明显。因此，未来的政策应优先推进农村数字化，推进数字信贷服务，鼓励采用先进能源，增加社会组织的参与，制定差异化的能源政策以支持低收入人群。

{"title":"The digital economy and rural household energy consumption in China","authors":"Hui Mao , Xiaoyan Zhou , Yong Fu , Congyi Dai","doi":"10.1016/j.enpol.2025.115063","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enpol.2025.115063","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Energy transition constitutes a critical pillar of sustainable development. The digital economy enhances rural households’ access to advanced energy and critical information for the energy transition. Using household-level survey data from rural China, this study examines the impact of the digital economy on rural household energy consumption. We find that the digital economy significantly increases household energy consumption diversity. This result remains robust after addressing potential endogeneity through an instrumental variable measured by gigabit fiber-optic internet penetration. Furthermore, the digital economy facilitates the energy transition by promoting the adoption of both transitional and advanced energy while reducing reliance on primitive energy. Mechanically, the digital economy facilitates rural household energy transition by increasing access to digital credit, raising energy cognition, and augmenting social capital. Heterogeneity analysis reveals that the impact of the digital economy on energy consumption is more pronounced for low-income households than for their high-income households. Consequently, future policies should prioritize promoting rural digitalization, advancing digital credit services, encouraging the adoption of advanced energy, increasing engagement from social organizations, and formulating differentiated energy policies to support low-income populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11672,"journal":{"name":"Energy Policy","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 115063"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145920910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Co-combustion of ammonia in coal-fired power plants in ASEAN 东盟燃煤电厂氨的共燃

IF 9.2 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Energy Policy

Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2025.115050

Reza Fazeli , Sophie Burgess , Llewelyn Hughes , Fiona J. Beck

Southeast Asia is home to a large and growing fleet of coal power plants. One proposed policy response is to support the deployment of ammonia co-combustion technology to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from coal power generation while continuing to meet growing electricity demand. The effectiveness of the technology depends on accurately assessing the emissions reduction potential of ammonia co-combustion. We quantify the emissions reduction potential of ammonia co-combustion for the ASEAN coal fleet, taking into account the carbon intensity of ammonia production across four different ammonia production technologies. We then compare net emissions with and without ammonia co-combustion with a modelled pathway for the Southeast Asia's coal power generation consistent with a ‘well-below’ 2 °C warming scenario. Our results show ammonia co-combustion could increase the cumulative emissions by 7 % relative to the continued use of coal when ammonia is produced using the present business-as-usual method of Haber Bosch incorporating steam methane reforming. We also find co-combusting with ammonia produced via electrolysis with renewable energy offers up to 43 % emissions reduction in the coal fleet, assuming a 40-year operating lifetime. However, even with widespread use of the technology, findings suggest early retirement or substantive emissions savings elsewhere in the economy will be required for emissions to be consistent with limiting warming to 2 °C. Rigorous assessment of CO₂ mitigation measures is critical in enabling policy-makers to choose ‘least regrets’ decarbonisation pathways for emissions intensive power generation technologies.

东南亚拥有数量庞大且不断增长的燃煤电厂。一项建议的政策回应是支持部署氨共燃技术，以减少燃煤发电的温室气体排放，同时继续满足不断增长的电力需求。该技术的有效性取决于对氨共燃减排潜力的准确评估。考虑到四种不同氨生产技术中氨生产的碳强度，我们量化了东盟煤炭船队氨共燃烧的减排潜力。然后，我们将有氨共燃和没有氨共燃的净排放量与东南亚煤炭发电的模型路径进行了比较，该路径与“远低于”2°C的变暖情景相一致。我们的研究结果表明，与继续使用煤炭相比，当使用目前的Haber Bosch合并蒸汽甲烷重整的常规方法生产氨时，氨共燃烧可以使累积排放量增加7%。我们还发现，假设使用寿命为40年，通过电解产生的氨与可再生能源共燃烧，可使煤炭船队的排放量减少43%。然而，即使该技术得到广泛使用，研究结果表明，要使排放与将升温限制在2°C以内相一致，也需要提前退休或在其他经济领域大幅减少排放。严格评估二氧化碳减缓措施对于使决策者能够为排放密集型发电技术选择“最不遗憾”的脱碳途径至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Households’ perceptions of the efficacy of retrofit policies to boost efficient homes in Spain 西班牙家庭对节能房屋改造政策效果的看法

IF 9.2 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Energy Policy

Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2025.115059

Carlos Marmolejo-Duarte , Arkaitz Fullaondo-Elordui-Zapaterietxe , Felipe Encinas-Pino , Carlos Aguirre-Núñez , Paúl Espinoza-Zambrano

The drive toward a decarbonized housing stock, aligning with the European Union's 2050 carbon neutrality goals, is propelled by policies designed to lower barriers to the diffusion of energy efficient buildings. In Southern European countries like Spain, limited research has explored the perceived effectiveness of current and potential energy policies, especially before disruptive events like the COVID-19 pandemic and the European energy crisis. This study, using a comprehensive 2020 survey of 5456 buyers, sellers, tenants, and homeowners in Spain, assesses the perceived effectiveness of specific policies using multivariate statistics. These policies aim to overcome both financial barriers (e.g. tax breaks) and informational barriers (e.g. comfort co-benefits). We also explore how these perceptions relate to sociodemographic factors, living conditions, and market roles. Our findings show that perceived effectiveness increased with worsening living conditions, greater awareness of co-benefits (like thermal comfort and energy savings), older age, and longer home tenure. We found significant sociodemographic differences: women and older individuals tended to favor informational policies, while higher-income groups preferred financial ones. Young tenants were identified as an unresponsive group, largely unaware of the benefits of energy-efficient homes. These insights are vital for crafting tailored socio-residential policies. Moreover, this study offers a comparative framework to assess if our findings remain consistent after the subsequent introduction of NextGeneration funds. The study's relevance extends beyond Spain, as low building renovation rates and administrative fragmentation are common challenges across many countries and regions. This highlights the need for inclusive, adaptive policies that can effectively mobilize diverse non-professional stakeholders.

为了与欧盟2050年的碳中和目标保持一致，推动脱碳住房存量的努力，是由旨在降低节能建筑推广障碍的政策推动的。在西班牙等南欧国家，有限的研究探讨了当前和潜在能源政策的有效性，特别是在2019冠状病毒病大流行和欧洲能源危机等破坏性事件发生之前。本研究利用2020年对西班牙5456名买家、卖家、租户和房主的全面调查，使用多元统计数据评估了特定政策的感知有效性。这些政策旨在克服财政障碍（如税收减免）和信息障碍（如舒适共同福利）。我们还探讨了这些观念与社会人口因素、生活条件和市场角色之间的关系。我们的研究结果表明，随着生活条件的恶化、对共同利益（如热舒适和节能）的认识的提高、年龄的增加和住房年限的延长，感知效能也会增加。我们发现了显著的社会人口统计学差异：女性和老年人倾向于支持信息政策，而高收入群体更喜欢金融政策。年轻的租户被认为是一个反应迟钝的群体，很大程度上没有意识到节能住宅的好处。这些见解对于制定量身定制的社会居住政策至关重要。此外，本研究提供了一个比较框架，以评估我们的发现在随后引入下一代基金后是否保持一致。这项研究的意义并不局限于西班牙，因为建筑翻新率低和行政分散是许多国家和地区的共同挑战。这凸显了制定包容性、适应性政策的必要性，这些政策能够有效动员各种非专业利益攸关方。

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引用次数: 0

IF 9.2 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Energy Policy

Pub Date : 2026-01-01

引用次数: 0

Inequitable efficiency: Unravelling the social and built environment drivers of London's housing energy performance 不公平的效率：揭示伦敦住房能源绩效的社会和建筑环境驱动因素

IF 9.2 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Energy Policy

Pub Date : 2025-12-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2025.115057

Cuicheng Zhang , Cong Cao , Pengyu Zhang , R. Michael Alvarez , Ramit Debnath

This study analyses the relationships between sociodemographic factors, building characteristics, energy efficiency and environmental impact in London's residential stock (2011–2021), using 2 million Energy Performance Certificates (EPCs) and sociodemographic data. Employing generalised linear models (GLMs) and machine learning techniques, we identify three key findings. First, building age and heating system efficiency are the dominant predictors of energy performance. Second, sociodemographic factors, including household size, income and age, significantly affect retrofitting outcomes, with low-income and elderly households facing the greatest barriers. Third, longitudinal analysis shows a shift in vulnerability drivers, from neighbourhood-level deprivation in 2011 to household-level income deprivation in 2021. Model comparisons reveal stronger accuracy for GLMs than XGBoost in predicting energy grades, highlighting the potential of data-driven interpretable methods for local authorities. The policy recommendations emphasise the integration of dynamic social support with technical regulations such as Minimum Energy Efficiency Standards (MEES) to address carbon emissions while protecting vulnerable groups.

本研究利用200万份能源绩效证书（epc）和社会人口数据，分析了2011-2021年伦敦住宅存量中社会人口因素、建筑特征、能源效率和环境影响之间的关系。采用广义线性模型（GLMs）和机器学习技术，我们确定了三个关键发现。首先，建筑年龄和供暖系统效率是能源性能的主要预测指标。其次，包括家庭规模、收入和年龄在内的社会人口因素显著影响改造结果，其中低收入和老年家庭面临的障碍最大。第三，纵向分析显示，脆弱性驱动因素发生了转变，从2011年的邻里层面的收入剥夺转变为2021年的家庭层面的收入剥夺。模型比较表明，在预测能源等级方面，glm的准确性高于XGBoost，这突出了数据驱动的可解释方法对地方当局的潜力。政策建议强调将动态的社会支持与最低能源效率标准（MEES）等技术法规相结合，以解决碳排放问题，同时保护弱势群体。

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引用次数: 0

Firewood, charcoal or electricity? Gender gaps in cooking, heating, and lighting energy use in Zambia 木柴、木炭还是电？赞比亚烹饪、取暖和照明能源使用方面的性别差距

IF 9.2 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Energy Policy

Pub Date : 2025-12-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2025.115053

John N. Ng'ombe , Cleopas G. Sambo , Fafanyo Asiseh , Stephen Prah , Obed Quaicoe , Wisdom Takumah

While access to clean, affordable energy is crucial for well-being and sustainable development, energy poverty persists in developing countries. We examine the determinants and gender gaps in household energy use in Zambia across four key activities—cooking, heating, lighting, and boiling water—focusing on the most commonly used fuels: charcoal, electricity, firewood, and candles. Using survey data from 1779 households and nonlinear Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition methods, we find that education, income, and housing tenure are significant predictors of energy choices, with distinct gender patterns. Female-headed households—defined by a female decision-maker—are significantly more likely to use charcoal for cooking, heating, and boiling water, and to use candles for lighting. This pattern reflects a combination of socioeconomic disadvantages and structural constraints. By comparison, male-headed households predominantly use electricity, largely reflecting higher education and income among male decision-makers. Gender differences in firewood use are insignificant, though structural factors predominate. Robustness checks using Fairlie decomposition confirmed these gendered gaps stem from both resource endowments and behavioral norms. These findings underscore the need for gender-targeted policies that combine women's economic empowerment through education and income-generating opportunities, with infrastructure investments and affordability mechanisms to support equitable transition to clean energy in low-income contexts.

虽然获得清洁、负担得起的能源对福祉和可持续发展至关重要，但能源贫困在发展中国家依然存在。我们研究了赞比亚家庭能源使用的四项关键活动（烹饪、取暖、照明和沸水）的决定因素和性别差距，重点关注最常用的燃料：木炭、电、柴火和蜡烛。利用1779个家庭的调查数据和非线性Oaxaca-Blinder分解方法，我们发现教育、收入和住房使用权是能源选择的重要预测因子，并具有不同的性别模式。由女性决策者定义的女性户主家庭更有可能使用木炭做饭、取暖和烧水，并使用蜡烛照明。这种模式反映了社会经济劣势和结构性约束的结合。相比之下，男性户主家庭主要使用电力，这在很大程度上反映了男性决策者的高等教育和收入。尽管结构性因素占主导地位，但在柴火使用方面的性别差异并不显著。使用费尔利分解的稳健性检查证实，这些性别差距源于资源禀赋和行为规范。这些研究结果强调，需要制定有针对性的性别政策，将通过教育和创收机会赋予妇女经济权力，与基础设施投资和可负担性机制相结合，以支持低收入背景下向清洁能源的公平过渡。

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引用次数: 0