Pub Date : 2024-10-29DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2024.114397
Naveed Aslam, Wanping Yang, Rabia Saeed
This research analyzes the trade-off between environmental regulations and environment-related technology as a solution to overcome energy security risks in 23 top manufacturing countries for the period 1995 to 2018. This is the first study examining the effects of environmental regulations and environment-related technology on energy security risk. According to the results from a Panel quantile regression (PQL) and feasible generalized least squares (FGLS), environmental regulation is an optimum solution to overcome energy security risk in selected countries while environment-related technology at a certain level can be used to decrease energy-related risk. Moreover, the interactive effects of environmental regulations and environmental technology can be highly influential in limiting energy-related risks. Furthermore, the export sector increases risk while manufacturing imports and GDP growth decrease energy-related risks. This study recommends formulating and implementing environmental regulations in controlling energy security risks. This study further recommends reducing exports and increasing manufacturing imports to overcome domestic energy consumption from production units to overcome energy-related risks.
本研究分析了 1995 年至 2018 年期间 23 个顶级制造业国家在环境法规和环境相关技术之间的权衡，以此作为克服能源安全风险的解决方案。这是首次研究环境法规和环境相关技术对能源安全风险的影响。根据面板量化回归（PQL）和可行广义最小二乘法（FGLS）的结果，在选定的国家中，环境法规是克服能源安全风险的最佳解决方案，而一定水平的环境相关技术可用于降低能源相关风险。此外，环境监管和环境技术的互动效应对限制能源相关风险有很大影响。此外，出口部门会增加风险，而制造业进口和 GDP 增长则会降低能源相关风险。本研究建议在控制能源安全风险时制定并实施环境法规。本研究还建议减少出口，增加制造业进口，以克服生产单位的国内能源消耗，从而克服能源相关风险。
{"title":"Environmental regulations or environmental-related technology to overcome energy security risk? Empirical analysis for top manufacturing countries","authors":"Naveed Aslam, Wanping Yang, Rabia Saeed","doi":"10.1016/j.enpol.2024.114397","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enpol.2024.114397","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research analyzes the trade-off between environmental regulations and environment-related technology as a solution to overcome energy security risks in 23 top manufacturing countries for the period 1995 to 2018. This is the first study examining the effects of environmental regulations and environment-related technology on energy security risk. According to the results from a Panel quantile regression (PQL) and feasible generalized least squares (FGLS), environmental regulation is an optimum solution to overcome energy security risk in selected countries while environment-related technology at a certain level can be used to decrease energy-related risk. Moreover, the interactive effects of environmental regulations and environmental technology can be highly influential in limiting energy-related risks. Furthermore, the export sector increases risk while manufacturing imports and GDP growth decrease energy-related risks. This study recommends formulating and implementing environmental regulations in controlling energy security risks. This study further recommends reducing exports and increasing manufacturing imports to overcome domestic energy consumption from production units to overcome energy-related risks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11672,"journal":{"name":"Energy Policy","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 114397"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142537276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-26DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2024.114401
Yu Zhao, Gege Gao, Jixiang Zhang, Miao Yu
The green building supply side is pivotal for curbing carbon emissions in the construction industry and fostering green building development. This study, focusing on carbon tax, explores how different carbon tax policies influence stakeholder engagement in low-carbon development of green buildings. Using a tripartite evolutionary game model involving the government, suppliers, and developers, we analyze stakeholder behavior under varying carbon tax policies. A sensitivity analysis was conducted on the factors affecting the stability of the evolutionary system. The results indicate that the absence of government-implemented carbon tax policies hinders effective carbon emission reduction in the construction sector. Conversely, the implementation of carbon tax policies positively influences emission reductions, though their impact varies. Policy suggestions based on the findings include: 1. Gradually elevate carbon tax rates and expand their industry coverage to motivate high-emission entities towards transformation. 2. Enhance public participation through subsidies, tax incentives, low-interest loans, and green financial tools. 3. Use penalties to drive corporate green transformation. 4. Phase out subsidies gradually to create a market-driven positive feedback loop. 5. Maintain education and awareness campaigns to foster sustainable public behavior.
{"title":"Impact of carbon tax on green building development: An evolutionary game analysis","authors":"Yu Zhao, Gege Gao, Jixiang Zhang, Miao Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.enpol.2024.114401","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enpol.2024.114401","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The green building supply side is pivotal for curbing carbon emissions in the construction industry and fostering green building development. This study, focusing on carbon tax, explores how different carbon tax policies influence stakeholder engagement in low-carbon development of green buildings. Using a tripartite evolutionary game model involving the government, suppliers, and developers, we analyze stakeholder behavior under varying carbon tax policies. A sensitivity analysis was conducted on the factors affecting the stability of the evolutionary system. The results indicate that the absence of government-implemented carbon tax policies hinders effective carbon emission reduction in the construction sector. Conversely, the implementation of carbon tax policies positively influences emission reductions, though their impact varies. Policy suggestions based on the findings include: 1. Gradually elevate carbon tax rates and expand their industry coverage to motivate high-emission entities towards transformation. 2. Enhance public participation through subsidies, tax incentives, low-interest loans, and green financial tools. 3. Use penalties to drive corporate green transformation. 4. Phase out subsidies gradually to create a market-driven positive feedback loop. 5. Maintain education and awareness campaigns to foster sustainable public behavior.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11672,"journal":{"name":"Energy Policy","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 114401"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142527834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-26DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2024.114390
Da Huo , Ben Davies , Jianxin Li , Nadine Alzaghrini , Xin Sun , Fanran Meng , Amir F.N. Abdul-Manan , Jon McKechnie , I. Daniel Posen , Heather L. MacLean
Electrifying light-duty vehicle fleets is essential to decarbonize road transport, however its efficacy relies on policies targeting country-specific challenges and opportunities. We model and compare fleet-level life cycle GHG emissions for different grid scenarios and battery electric vehicle deployment timelines respectively in the US, China, and the UK from 2020 to 2050, cumulatively involving over one billion vehicles. A customized index decomposition analysis is employed to quantify the contributions of key emissions drivers. Results reveal that electrification can be effective for decarbonizing all three fleets, reducing over 50% of annual life cycle emissions by 2050. Priorities and challenges, however, differ across countries: The US fleet, which emits the highest GHGs, generally comprises older, heavier, and less fuel-efficient vehicles, would benefit the most from electrification and fleet modernization. Grid decarbonization and managing car ownership growth are critical for China, as its rapidly growing fleet and manufacturing rely on currently carbon-intensive electricity. The UK needs to expand its electricity generation capacity while electrifying its fleet. We also underscore the need for a comprehensive strategy, including electrification, low GHG intensity fuels, and moderating vehicle ownerships. This study highlights the importance of cross-country life cycle thinking to inform effective decarbonization policy decisions.
{"title":"How do we decarbonize one billion vehicles by 2050? Insights from a comparative life cycle assessment of electrifying light-duty vehicle fleets in the United States, China, and the United Kingdom","authors":"Da Huo , Ben Davies , Jianxin Li , Nadine Alzaghrini , Xin Sun , Fanran Meng , Amir F.N. Abdul-Manan , Jon McKechnie , I. Daniel Posen , Heather L. MacLean","doi":"10.1016/j.enpol.2024.114390","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enpol.2024.114390","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electrifying light-duty vehicle fleets is essential to decarbonize road transport, however its efficacy relies on policies targeting country-specific challenges and opportunities. We model and compare fleet-level life cycle GHG emissions for different grid scenarios and battery electric vehicle deployment timelines respectively in the US, China, and the UK from 2020 to 2050, cumulatively involving over one billion vehicles. A customized index decomposition analysis is employed to quantify the contributions of key emissions drivers. Results reveal that electrification can be effective for decarbonizing all three fleets, reducing over 50% of annual life cycle emissions by 2050. Priorities and challenges, however, differ across countries: The US fleet, which emits the highest GHGs, generally comprises older, heavier, and less fuel-efficient vehicles, would benefit the most from electrification and fleet modernization. Grid decarbonization and managing car ownership growth are critical for China, as its rapidly growing fleet and manufacturing rely on currently carbon-intensive electricity. The UK needs to expand its electricity generation capacity while electrifying its fleet. We also underscore the need for a comprehensive strategy, including electrification, low GHG intensity fuels, and moderating vehicle ownerships. This study highlights the importance of cross-country life cycle thinking to inform effective decarbonization policy decisions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11672,"journal":{"name":"Energy Policy","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 114390"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142527830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-25DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2024.114398
Rabia Cin , Sermin Onaygil , Tayfur Gökçek
Türkiye has aimed to adopt the Energy Efficiency Obligation Scheme (EEOS) as one of its national energy efficiency goals since 2018. However, the implementation date has been constantly postponed. This study aims to evaluate the future of a possible Turkish EEOS with actual energy and cost data and to provide an example to all scheme participants, especially policymakers. In this study, a basic Turkish EEOS structure, in which incumbent electricity suppliers are obligated parties and industry and commercial buildings are end-users, is created with its cost and benefit items. An ex-ante cost-benefit assessment of Turkish EEOS is conducted by applying a two-level distributed optimization approach where obligated parties and end-users have their own objective functions and focus on their goals without interfering with the other levels. Case studies were created by changing the obligation rates, the EEOS fee rates, and the penalty amounts. In the end, it is revealed that the Turkish EEOS can fully finance itself with a win-win approach under fair EEOS fee rates. The penalty mechanism is important to obligated parties to fulfill their obligations. After discussing the analysis results and the sensitivity analysis, policy implications and practical recommendations were developed for Türkiye.
{"title":"An ex-ante cost-benefit assessment of the possible Energy Efficiency Obligation Scheme in Türkiye","authors":"Rabia Cin , Sermin Onaygil , Tayfur Gökçek","doi":"10.1016/j.enpol.2024.114398","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enpol.2024.114398","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Türkiye has aimed to adopt the Energy Efficiency Obligation Scheme (EEOS) as one of its national energy efficiency goals since 2018. However, the implementation date has been constantly postponed. This study aims to evaluate the future of a possible Turkish EEOS with actual energy and cost data and to provide an example to all scheme participants, especially policymakers. In this study, a basic Turkish EEOS structure, in which incumbent electricity suppliers are obligated parties and industry and commercial buildings are end-users, is created with its cost and benefit items. An ex-ante cost-benefit assessment of Turkish EEOS is conducted by applying a two-level distributed optimization approach where obligated parties and end-users have their own objective functions and focus on their goals without interfering with the other levels. Case studies were created by changing the obligation rates, the EEOS fee rates, and the penalty amounts. In the end, it is revealed that the Turkish EEOS can fully finance itself with a win-win approach under fair EEOS fee rates. The penalty mechanism is important to obligated parties to fulfill their obligations. After discussing the analysis results and the sensitivity analysis, policy implications and practical recommendations were developed for Türkiye.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11672,"journal":{"name":"Energy Policy","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 114398"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142527833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-25DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2024.114400
Boqiang Lin, Fengyuan Shi
With the increasing share of renewable energy generation in China's electricity consumption and the dramatic fluctuation of coal prices in recent years, the discussion of the relationship between coal prices, economic growth and electricity consumption in China becomes more relevant. This paper collects monthly data from 2016 to 2023, uses industrial value added to represent economic growth, and explore the relationship between the three through a time-varying parameter vector autoregressive (TVP-VAR) model, which shows that: (1) The mutual impact effects among coal prices, economic growth, and electricity consumption vary across short-, medium- and long-term. This finding underscores the importance of considering different time horizons when evaluating the interactive effects of these variables. (2) Compared to 2017 and 2022, the lagged impact effects among the three have undergone certain changes, indicating that the understanding of their relationships should be contextualized within specific developmental phases. (3) The relationship between coal prices, economic growth, and different categories of electricity consumption exhibits heterogeneous characteristics, suggesting that recognition of these relationships should be based on specific types of power generation. This research enhances the understanding of the dynamic relationship between coal prices and the macroeconomy in China at the current stage.
{"title":"Coal price, economic growth and electricity consumption in China under the background of energy transition","authors":"Boqiang Lin, Fengyuan Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.enpol.2024.114400","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enpol.2024.114400","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the increasing share of renewable energy generation in China's electricity consumption and the dramatic fluctuation of coal prices in recent years, the discussion of the relationship between coal prices, economic growth and electricity consumption in China becomes more relevant. This paper collects monthly data from 2016 to 2023, uses industrial value added to represent economic growth, and explore the relationship between the three through a time-varying parameter vector autoregressive (TVP-VAR) model, which shows that: (1) The mutual impact effects among coal prices, economic growth, and electricity consumption vary across short-, medium- and long-term. This finding underscores the importance of considering different time horizons when evaluating the interactive effects of these variables. (2) Compared to 2017 and 2022, the lagged impact effects among the three have undergone certain changes, indicating that the understanding of their relationships should be contextualized within specific developmental phases. (3) The relationship between coal prices, economic growth, and different categories of electricity consumption exhibits heterogeneous characteristics, suggesting that recognition of these relationships should be based on specific types of power generation. This research enhances the understanding of the dynamic relationship between coal prices and the macroeconomy in China at the current stage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11672,"journal":{"name":"Energy Policy","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 114400"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142527835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-24DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2024.114381
Yung-Sheng Chen , Cheng-Ting Lee , Yu-Cheng Wang , Tsai-Ling Chang , Ta-Kang Liu
Taiwan's nuclear power plants are situated in coastal regions characterized by abundant socio-economic and ecological significance. In the context of managing high-level radioactive waste storage and disposal in the future, alongside technical considerations, there exist challenges related to public acceptance and communication. Radioactive waste management, including the siting of storage or disposal facilities, is a socially sensitive matter. The storage and disposal of radioactive waste represent a complex and multifaceted challenge that requires a comprehensive approach spanning multiple disciplines. One of the functions of Integrated Coastal Management (ICM) is to coordinate conflicts related to coastal use. The concept has been progressively embraced and implemented by nations globally. This study employs grounded theory to examine the perspectives of the interviewed stakeholders. It subsequently introduces the principles of integrated coastal management for conflict resolution post-compilation. The study utilizes the principles and mechanisms of integrated coastal management to address or alleviate the challenges related to radioactive waste management in our country. Issues concerning conflict in relation to storage and disposal.
{"title":"Research on the implementation of integrated coastal management principles in Taiwan to mitigate disputes related to nuclear waste disposal","authors":"Yung-Sheng Chen , Cheng-Ting Lee , Yu-Cheng Wang , Tsai-Ling Chang , Ta-Kang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.enpol.2024.114381","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enpol.2024.114381","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Taiwan's nuclear power plants are situated in coastal regions characterized by abundant socio-economic and ecological significance. In the context of managing high-level radioactive waste storage and disposal in the future, alongside technical considerations, there exist challenges related to public acceptance and communication. Radioactive waste management, including the siting of storage or disposal facilities, is a socially sensitive matter. The storage and disposal of radioactive waste represent a complex and multifaceted challenge that requires a comprehensive approach spanning multiple disciplines. One of the functions of Integrated Coastal Management (ICM) is to coordinate conflicts related to coastal use. The concept has been progressively embraced and implemented by nations globally. This study employs grounded theory to examine the perspectives of the interviewed stakeholders. It subsequently introduces the principles of integrated coastal management for conflict resolution post-compilation. The study utilizes the principles and mechanisms of integrated coastal management to address or alleviate the challenges related to radioactive waste management in our country. Issues concerning conflict in relation to storage and disposal.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11672,"journal":{"name":"Energy Policy","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 114381"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142528554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-24DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2024.114387
B. Williams , D. Bishop
Demand response (DR) is the shifting of electricity demand to align with generation or other constraints, which can extend the lifetime of network components and increase the use of renewable energy. DR implementation depends on technical, economic, and behavioural factors, alongside country-specific factors. In this work, the existing and emerging DR potential in New Zealand is calculated, based on technological capacities. New Zealand is shown to have abundant DR potential, equivalent to 69% of national electrical energy demand, which can be harnessed through retrofitting and incentivisation. The residential, commercial, industrial, and agricultural sectors each offer considerable DR potential, with water heating, refrigeration systems, and electric motors key candidates. Electric vehicles and the electrification of industrial process heat in line with New Zealand's decarbonisation goals will offer additional DR potential, equivalent to 23% of existing electricity demand. Specific policy recommendations are provided, including the incorporation of controllability into emerging electrification projects to facilitate their use for DR. These findings suggest DR can be a solution for electricity load management in New Zealand and other countries, and provide a framework for policy makers, network operators, and electricity companies to target DR implementation, enhancing energy system resilience and sustainability.
需求响应（DR）是指根据发电量或其他限制因素转移电力需求，这可以延长网络组件的使用寿命并增加可再生能源的使用。需求响应的实施取决于技术、经济和行为因素，以及具体国家的因素。在这项工作中，根据技术能力计算了新西兰现有和新兴的 DR 潜力。结果表明，新西兰拥有丰富的可再生能源潜力，相当于全国电能需求的 69%，可以通过改造和激励措施加以利用。住宅、商业、工业和农业部门都具有相当大的 DR 潜力，其中水加热、制冷系统和电动机是主要候选项目。根据新西兰的脱碳目标，电动汽车和工业加工热电气化将提供额外的 DR 潜力，相当于现有电力需求的 23%。报告提出了具体的政策建议，包括将可控性纳入新兴电气化项目，以促进其用于 DR。这些研究结果表明，在新西兰和其他国家，可再生能源可以作为电力负荷管理的一种解决方案，并为政策制定者、网络运营商和电力公司提供了一个框架，以便有针对性地实施可再生能源，提高能源系统的恢复能力和可持续性。
{"title":"Flexible futures: The potential for electrical energy demand response in New Zealand","authors":"B. Williams , D. Bishop","doi":"10.1016/j.enpol.2024.114387","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enpol.2024.114387","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Demand response (DR) is the shifting of electricity demand to align with generation or other constraints, which can extend the lifetime of network components and increase the use of renewable energy. DR implementation depends on technical, economic, and behavioural factors, alongside country-specific factors. In this work, the existing and emerging DR potential in New Zealand is calculated, based on technological capacities. New Zealand is shown to have abundant DR potential, equivalent to 69% of national electrical energy demand, which can be harnessed through retrofitting and incentivisation. The residential, commercial, industrial, and agricultural sectors each offer considerable DR potential, with water heating, refrigeration systems, and electric motors key candidates. Electric vehicles and the electrification of industrial process heat in line with New Zealand's decarbonisation goals will offer additional DR potential, equivalent to 23% of existing electricity demand. Specific policy recommendations are provided, including the incorporation of controllability into emerging electrification projects to facilitate their use for DR. These findings suggest DR can be a solution for electricity load management in New Zealand and other countries, and provide a framework for policy makers, network operators, and electricity companies to target DR implementation, enhancing energy system resilience and sustainability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11672,"journal":{"name":"Energy Policy","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 114387"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142527831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-23DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2024.114385
Nain Martinez , Diana Terrazas-Santamaria
Nearshoring and global value chain reconfiguration trends have gained renewed relevance amid mounting disruptions in globalized production models. However, the precise dynamics behind shifts in the nascent electric vehicle (EV) industry value chain remain unclear. This study examines the factors that drive direct investment into Mexico's EV production ecosystem. It analyzes how these investment patterns reshape regional value chains while accelerating the transition toward electromobility. This analysis is based on an original 2019–2023 dataset of 48 Mexican EV production investment projects and three emblematic case studies: Tesla, Metalsa, and Sanhua. The findings suggest that the confluence of USMCA trade pact stipulations, US-China tensions, climate policy, and consumer incentives in the US, alongside specialized capabilities in Mexico, catalyze this nascent EV industry. In this fluctuating landscape, Mexico plays a dual role, both reducing US reliance on Chinese-dominated chains while attracting international firms interested in integrating into regional production networks. Thereby, the study delineates the specific drivers beyond nearshoring that have attracted EV production investment to Mexico. It, therefore, provides insights into the forces shaping Mexico's emergence as a strategic hub for regionalized EV manufacturing and outlines implications for future corporate strategies and public policies.
{"title":"Beyond nearshoring: The political economy of Mexico's emerging electric vehicle industry","authors":"Nain Martinez , Diana Terrazas-Santamaria","doi":"10.1016/j.enpol.2024.114385","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enpol.2024.114385","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nearshoring and global value chain reconfiguration trends have gained renewed relevance amid mounting disruptions in globalized production models. However, the precise dynamics behind shifts in the nascent electric vehicle (EV) industry value chain remain unclear. This study examines the factors that drive direct investment into Mexico's EV production ecosystem. It analyzes how these investment patterns reshape regional value chains while accelerating the transition toward electromobility. This analysis is based on an original 2019–2023 dataset of 48 Mexican EV production investment projects and three emblematic case studies: Tesla, Metalsa, and Sanhua. The findings suggest that the confluence of USMCA trade pact stipulations, US-China tensions, climate policy, and consumer incentives in the US, alongside specialized capabilities in Mexico, catalyze this nascent EV industry. In this fluctuating landscape, Mexico plays a dual role, both reducing US reliance on Chinese-dominated chains while attracting international firms interested in integrating into regional production networks. Thereby, the study delineates the specific drivers beyond nearshoring that have attracted EV production investment to Mexico. It, therefore, provides insights into the forces shaping Mexico's emergence as a strategic hub for regionalized EV manufacturing and outlines implications for future corporate strategies and public policies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11672,"journal":{"name":"Energy Policy","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 114385"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142527828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-22DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2024.114391
Mohamed Abd-El-Hakeem Mohamed
This paper presents an approach for selecting optimal load-shedding values for individual subscribers or consumers. Implementing this method can bring positive outcomes for consumers by minimizing risks and economic losses caused by power outages. It enables network operators to address power supply deficits and overcome network issues, especially those affecting weaker areas. The optimal load-shedding values are determined by employing IGWA (Improved grey wolf algorithm) through a Graded Objective Function Strategy. The proposed method essentially centered on categorizing loads into two levels based on their importance. The first level includes essential loads, the disruption of which results in risks or significant economic losses. The second level comprises less critical loads, and they do not have more risks or economic losses when power outages. This approach applies specifically to residential loads. The control scheme diagram of disconnecting and reconnecting the current is established by estimating the critical load limit during power outage periods. The necessary arrangements can be made, leading to a proactive measure against risks and losses. The proposal has been implemented in Egypt's electricity network. this proposed method provides a simple and effective solution to the ongoing crisis and provides permanent resolution of problems arising from power outages.
{"title":"Tackle power outage effects for Egypt's energy crisis via localized optimum load shedding","authors":"Mohamed Abd-El-Hakeem Mohamed","doi":"10.1016/j.enpol.2024.114391","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enpol.2024.114391","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents an approach for selecting optimal load-shedding values for individual subscribers or consumers. Implementing this method can bring positive outcomes for consumers by minimizing risks and economic losses caused by power outages. It enables network operators to address power supply deficits and overcome network issues, especially those affecting weaker areas. The optimal load-shedding values are determined by employing IGWA (Improved grey wolf algorithm) through a Graded Objective Function Strategy. The proposed method essentially centered on categorizing loads into two levels based on their importance. The first level includes essential loads, the disruption of which results in risks or significant economic losses. The second level comprises less critical loads, and they do not have more risks or economic losses when power outages. This approach applies specifically to residential loads. The control scheme diagram of disconnecting and reconnecting the current is established by estimating the critical load limit during power outage periods. The necessary arrangements can be made, leading to a proactive measure against risks and losses. The proposal has been implemented in Egypt's electricity network. this proposed method provides a simple and effective solution to the ongoing crisis and provides permanent resolution of problems arising from power outages.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11672,"journal":{"name":"Energy Policy","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 114391"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142527832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-22DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2024.114321
Nicholas Goedeking , Jonas Meckling
California and Germany share ambitious emission reduction targets. Yet California is ahead of Germany in electrifying transportation by several metrics, including the number of public charging stations. We show that variation in the politics of coordination in California and Germany explains the different outcomes. Transforming energy systems requires coordination across various complementary technologies and infrastructures—here between the supply of electric vehicles and the buildout of charging stations. In California, a strong electrification coalition emerged across automakers selling electric vehicles as well as utilities and third-party firms providing charging infrastructure. Power market rules made capital investments for charging infrastructure instantly profitable for California monopoly utilities. By contrast, in Germany's liberalized power market, investing in capital-intensive charging infrastructure was not profitable for electric utilities. As a result, utilities did not emerge as a political force in the electrification coalition. Instead, utilities and automakers were in gridlock, failing to coordinate electric vehicle rollout and public charging station buildout. Our findings highlight the limits of business-led coordination, raising the question which institutions help address coordination failures in clean energy transitions.
{"title":"Coordinating the energy transition: Electrifying transportation in California and Germany","authors":"Nicholas Goedeking , Jonas Meckling","doi":"10.1016/j.enpol.2024.114321","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enpol.2024.114321","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>California and Germany share ambitious emission reduction targets. Yet California is ahead of Germany in electrifying transportation by several metrics, including the number of public charging stations. We show that variation in the politics of coordination in California and Germany explains the different outcomes. Transforming energy systems requires coordination across various complementary technologies and infrastructures—here between the supply of electric vehicles and the buildout of charging stations. In California, a strong electrification coalition emerged across automakers selling electric vehicles as well as utilities and third-party firms providing charging infrastructure. Power market rules made capital investments for charging infrastructure instantly profitable for California monopoly utilities. By contrast, in Germany's liberalized power market, investing in capital-intensive charging infrastructure was not profitable for electric utilities. As a result, utilities did not emerge as a political force in the electrification coalition. Instead, utilities and automakers were in gridlock, failing to coordinate electric vehicle rollout and public charging station buildout. Our findings highlight the limits of business-led coordination, raising the question which institutions help address coordination failures in clean energy transitions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11672,"journal":{"name":"Energy Policy","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 114321"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142527836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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