Environmental and Experimental Botany最新文献_第5页

Modulating ABA-dependent growth and development by overexpressing cytochrome P450 ABA 8′-hydroxylase in Medicago truncatula

IF 4.5 2区生物学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental and Experimental Botany

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106060

Shuwen Li , Jianbo Yuan , Fufei Zhou , Yaling Liu , Hong Xie , Wei Jia , Yuehui Chao , Liebao Han

Abscisic acid (ABA) is a pivotal phytohormone involved in regulating various aspects of plant growth, development, and responses to environmental stress. The Cytochrome P450 family member ABA 8′-hydroxylase (8′OH-ABA) is proposed to play a central role in the catabolic degradation of ABA. In the present study, the 8'OH-ABA gene from Medicago truncatula was isolated and functionally characterized using transgenic overexpression approaches. Under non-stress conditions, plants overexpressing 8'-OH-ABA displayed notable phenotypic variations compared to wild-type plants, including altered leaf morphology, an extended lifespan, and delayed flowering. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed a reduction in cell spacing and curvature at the leaf margins, which was attributed to the smaller size of epidermal cells in the stem, ultimately contributing to a slower growth rate. Furthermore, these overexpressing plants exhibited heightened sensitivity to drought stress, an effect closely associated with 8′OH-ABA expression. Transcriptome analysis revealed 3814 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), with 13 genes enriched in the "abscisic acid-activated signaling pathway" and 29 in the "carotenoid biosynthesis" pathway. Notably, we identified genes directly linked to ABA responses, including the ABA 8′-hydroxylase CYP707A2, the transcription factor gene MYC2, and the cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP78A5, which regulates organ size and leaf development. Collectively, these findings indicated the regulatory role of 8’OH-ABA in plant development and drought stress response, thereby highlighting the importance of ABA signaling in these biological processes.

{"title":"Modulating ABA-dependent growth and development by overexpressing cytochrome P450 ABA 8′-hydroxylase in Medicago truncatula","authors":"Shuwen Li , Jianbo Yuan , Fufei Zhou , Yaling Liu , Hong Xie , Wei Jia , Yuehui Chao , Liebao Han","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106060","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106060","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Abscisic acid (ABA) is a pivotal phytohormone involved in regulating various aspects of plant growth, development, and responses to environmental stress. The Cytochrome P450 family member ABA 8′-hydroxylase (8′OH-ABA) is proposed to play a central role in the catabolic degradation of ABA. In the present study, the <em>8'OH-ABA</em> gene from <em>Medicago truncatula</em> was isolated and functionally characterized using transgenic overexpression approaches. Under non-stress conditions, plants overexpressing <em>8'-OH-ABA</em> displayed notable phenotypic variations compared to wild-type plants, including altered leaf morphology, an extended lifespan, and delayed flowering. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed a reduction in cell spacing and curvature at the leaf margins, which was attributed to the smaller size of epidermal cells in the stem, ultimately contributing to a slower growth rate. Furthermore, these overexpressing plants exhibited heightened sensitivity to drought stress, an effect closely associated with 8′OH-ABA expression. Transcriptome analysis revealed 3814 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), with 13 genes enriched in the \"abscisic acid-activated signaling pathway\" and 29 in the \"carotenoid biosynthesis\" pathway. Notably, we identified genes directly linked to ABA responses, including the <em>ABA 8′-hydroxylase CYP707A2</em>, the transcription factor gene <em>MYC2</em>, and the <em>cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP78A5</em>, which regulates organ size and leaf development. Collectively, these findings indicated the regulatory role of 8’OH-ABA in plant development and drought stress response, thereby highlighting the importance of ABA signaling in these biological processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 106060"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143163983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The knockout of tobacco NtCBL10 inhibits leaf Cl- accumulation and leads to light-dependent necrosis & light-independent chlorosis under salt stress

IF 4.5 2区生物学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental and Experimental Botany

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106083

Jingjing Mao , Guang Yuan , Richard G.F. Visser , Yuling Bai , Gang Xu , Lin Xue , Dongping Mao , Haobao Liu , Yang Ning , Qian Wang , C. Gerard van der Linden

CBL10 was shown to be a key gene for salt tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. In this study, we evaluated the role of CBL10 in the tobacco salt tolerance response by characterizing the gene editing-induced loss-of-function knockout mutants of the two NtCBL10 homeologous genes NtCBL10A and NtCBL10B. The importance of NtCBL10 for the response to salinity was evidenced by the salt supersensitivity of the Nt-cbl10a10b double mutants, with fast-developing chlorosis and severe necrotic lesions on leaves. Stomatal conductance and photochemical efficiency of photosystem 2 (PhiPS2) of the Nt-cbl10a10b double mutant were significantly inhibited already at a very early stage of the salt stress response. Leaf Na⁺ concentrations were not much affected in these plants, but the Cl^- content of the Nt-cbl10a10b double mutants was significantly lower than that of wild-type plants, which is the first report of CBL10 in the regulation of Cl^- homeostasis. Interestingly, the necrosis phenotype of Nt-cbl10a10b double mutants was dependent on light, while the chlorosis phenotype of Nt-cbl10a10b double mutants was light-independent. Different from the previous studies that focus on the role of CBL10 in Na⁺ homeostasis regulation, this study indicates that NtCBL10 is a key component in regulating multiple aspects of ion homeostasis under salt stress.

{"title":"The knockout of tobacco NtCBL10 inhibits leaf Cl- accumulation and leads to light-dependent necrosis & light-independent chlorosis under salt stress","authors":"Jingjing Mao , Guang Yuan , Richard G.F. Visser , Yuling Bai , Gang Xu , Lin Xue , Dongping Mao , Haobao Liu , Yang Ning , Qian Wang , C. Gerard van der Linden","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106083","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106083","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>CBL10</em> was shown to be a key gene for salt tolerance in <em>Arabidopsis thaliana</em>. In this study, we evaluated the role of <em>CBL10</em> in the tobacco salt tolerance response by characterizing the gene editing-induced loss-of-function knockout mutants of the two <em>NtCBL10</em> homeologous genes <em>NtCBL10A</em> and <em>NtCBL10B</em>. The importance of <em>NtCBL10</em> for the response to salinity was evidenced by the salt supersensitivity of the <em>Nt</em>-<em>cbl10a10b</em> double mutants, with fast-developing chlorosis and severe necrotic lesions on leaves. Stomatal conductance and photochemical efficiency of photosystem 2 (PhiPS2) of the <em>Nt</em>-<em>cbl10a10b</em> double mutant were significantly inhibited already at a very early stage of the salt stress response. Leaf Na<sup>+</sup> concentrations were not much affected in these plants, but the Cl<sup>-</sup> content of the <em>Nt</em>-<em>cbl10a10b</em> double mutants was significantly lower than that of wild-type plants, which is the first report of <em>CBL10</em> in the regulation of Cl<sup>-</sup> homeostasis. Interestingly, the necrosis phenotype of <em>Nt</em>-<em>cbl10a10b</em> double mutants was dependent on light, while the chlorosis phenotype of <em>Nt</em>-<em>cbl10a10b</em> double mutants was light-independent. Different from the previous studies that focus on the role of <em>CBL10</em> in Na<sup>+</sup> homeostasis regulation, this study indicates that <em>NtCBL10</em> is a key component in regulating multiple aspects of ion homeostasis under salt stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 106083"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143163984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Alfalfa MsGAD2 induces γ-aminobutyric acid accumulation and enhances Cd resistance in transgenic tobacco

IF 4.5 2区生物学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental and Experimental Botany

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106058

Bo Qin , Minglong Sun , Hongzhen Liu , Kexin Wang , Hongrui Zhang , Tie Li , Dongmei Li , Huihui Zhang

The present study compared two alfalfa varieties with different Cd-stress resistance levels: Medicago sativa ‘Zhaodong’ (ZD, resistant) and ‘Zhongmu No.1’ (ZM, sensitive). While the varieties showed no significant difference in Cd content under Cd stress, ZD exhibited greater adaptability, indicated by lower suppression of PSII activity, photosynthetic carbon assimilation, and reduced ROS damage. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) based on RNA-seq data revealed that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with physiological resistance indicators were significantly enriched in KEGG pathways related to proline (PRO) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) synthesis, including alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism (map00250), arginine biosynthesis (map00220), and arginine and proline metabolism (map00330). Notably, the accumulation of proline and GABA was higher in the resistant alfalfa variety ZD. Furthermore, a key gene in the GABA synthesis pathway, MsGAD2, was identified as potentially playing a crucial role in the Cd-stress adaptation. To investigate its role in Cd stress resistance, alfalfa MsGAD2 was heterologously overexpressed in tobacco. MsGAD2 overexpression significantly enhanced GABA synthesis in tobacco leaves under both control and, especially, Cd stress conditions. MsGAD2 overexpression also effectively prevented the decline of chlorophyll in tobacco leaves under Cd stress. It achieved this by stabilizing the activities of PSII and PSI and optimizing energy distribution within the PSII reaction center, thereby alleviating photosynthetic inhibition. The accumulation of GABA further enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) in tobacco leaves under Cd stress, thus promoting PRO accumulation and mitigating oxidative damage associated with Cd exposure. Thus, PRO and GABA accumulation likely contributed to ZD’s superior adaptability to Cd stress compared to ZM. Thus, MsGAD2 played a crucial role in enhancing Cd tolerance in transgenic tobacco. These findings not only elucidate the mechanisms by which GABA is involved in Cd-stress adaptation, but also provide valuable genetic resources for breeding Cd-resistant alfalfa.

{"title":"Alfalfa MsGAD2 induces γ-aminobutyric acid accumulation and enhances Cd resistance in transgenic tobacco","authors":"Bo Qin , Minglong Sun , Hongzhen Liu , Kexin Wang , Hongrui Zhang , Tie Li , Dongmei Li , Huihui Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106058","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106058","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study compared two alfalfa varieties with different Cd-stress resistance levels: <em>Medicago sativa</em> ‘Zhaodong’ (ZD, resistant) and ‘Zhongmu No.1’ (ZM, sensitive). While the varieties showed no significant difference in Cd content under Cd stress, ZD exhibited greater adaptability, indicated by lower suppression of PSII activity, photosynthetic carbon assimilation, and reduced ROS damage. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) based on RNA-seq data revealed that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with physiological resistance indicators were significantly enriched in KEGG pathways related to proline (PRO) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) synthesis, including alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism (map00250), arginine biosynthesis (map00220), and arginine and proline metabolism (map00330). Notably, the accumulation of proline and GABA was higher in the resistant alfalfa variety ZD. Furthermore, a key gene in the GABA synthesis pathway, <em>MsGAD2</em>, was identified as potentially playing a crucial role in the Cd-stress adaptation. To investigate its role in Cd stress resistance, alfalfa <em>MsGAD2</em> was heterologously overexpressed in tobacco. <em>MsGAD2</em> overexpression significantly enhanced GABA synthesis in tobacco leaves under both control and, especially, Cd stress conditions. <em>MsGAD2</em> overexpression also effectively prevented the decline of chlorophyll in tobacco leaves under Cd stress. It achieved this by stabilizing the activities of PSII and PSI and optimizing energy distribution within the PSII reaction center, thereby alleviating photosynthetic inhibition. The accumulation of GABA further enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) in tobacco leaves under Cd stress, thus promoting PRO accumulation and mitigating oxidative damage associated with Cd exposure. Thus, PRO and GABA accumulation likely contributed to ZD’s superior adaptability to Cd stress compared to ZM. Thus, <em>MsGAD2</em> played a crucial role in enhancing Cd tolerance in transgenic tobacco. These findings not only elucidate the mechanisms by which GABA is involved in Cd-stress adaptation, but also provide valuable genetic resources for breeding Cd-resistant alfalfa.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 106058"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143165607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mechanisms activating trace heavy metals in the rhizosphere microenvironment of Amaranthus hypochondriacus L.

IF 4.5 2区生物学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental and Experimental Botany

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106067

Xia Zhong , Yuexin Fu , Guo Yu , Pingping Jiang , Shaohong You , Jie Liu

Soil heavy metal activation is closely related to rhizosphere soil pH, O₂ and enzyme activity levels. In this study, we used laser ablation inductively coupled plasmamass spectrometry (ICPMS), planar optode (PO), soil in situ enzyme spectrum analysis, and the diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) method to investigate heavy metal accumulation in Amaranthus hypochondriacus L. growing in polluted soil (Cd, Pb and Zn) and unpolluted soil, as well as dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, soil enzyme activity, and trace heavy metal dynamics in rhizosphere and nonrhizosphere soils. The results revealed that the growth of A. hypochondriacus was significantly inhibited under combined Cd, Pb, and Zn stress, with the most pronounced effects on root and branch biomass. Radial oxygen loss (ROL) and alkalization occurred in the roots of A. hypochondriacus, which were influenced primarily by root growth and environmental conditions. The enzyme activity patterns indicated that acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and β-glucosidase (BG) activities were primarily associated with the root system and that the activities of these enzymes were relatively low in nonrooted soil. Under heavy metal stress, the ACP, ALP and BG activities in the hotspots of soil increased. DO, pH, and soil enzyme activity were significantly correlated with the presence of heavy metals Cd, Pb, and Zn, influencing the mobilization mechanisms of trace metals in the rhizosphere. These findings lay the groundwork for understanding the impact of root-induced alterations in O₂, pH, and soil enzyme activity on the mobility of trace heavy metals in soil.

{"title":"Mechanisms activating trace heavy metals in the rhizosphere microenvironment of Amaranthus hypochondriacus L.","authors":"Xia Zhong , Yuexin Fu , Guo Yu , Pingping Jiang , Shaohong You , Jie Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106067","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106067","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil heavy metal activation is closely related to rhizosphere soil pH, O<sub>2</sub> and enzyme activity levels. In this study, we used laser ablation inductively coupled plasma<img>mass spectrometry (ICP<img>MS), planar optode (PO), soil in situ enzyme spectrum analysis, and the diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) method to investigate heavy metal accumulation in <em>Amaranthus hypochondriacus</em> L. growing in polluted soil (Cd, Pb and Zn) and unpolluted soil, as well as dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, soil enzyme activity, and trace heavy metal dynamics in rhizosphere and nonrhizosphere soils. The results revealed that the growth of <em>A. hypochondriacus</em> was significantly inhibited under combined Cd, Pb, and Zn stress, with the most pronounced effects on root and branch biomass. Radial oxygen loss (ROL) and alkalization occurred in the roots of <em>A. hypochondriacus</em>, which were influenced primarily by root growth and environmental conditions. The enzyme activity patterns indicated that acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and β-glucosidase (BG) activities were primarily associated with the root system and that the activities of these enzymes were relatively low in nonrooted soil. Under heavy metal stress, the ACP, ALP and BG activities in the hotspots of soil increased. DO, pH, and soil enzyme activity were significantly correlated with the presence of heavy metals Cd, Pb, and Zn, influencing the mobilization mechanisms of trace metals in the rhizosphere. These findings lay the groundwork for understanding the impact of root-induced alterations in O<sub>2</sub>, pH, and soil enzyme activity on the mobility of trace heavy metals in soil.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 106067"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143165608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transcriptomic analysis reveals distinct strategies of two potato cultivars against Phytophthora infestans and identifies StWRKY26 as a positive regulator of late blight resistance

IF 4.5 2区生物学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental and Experimental Botany

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106084

Jingye Fu , Ben Ma , Li Zhu , Yuhan Zhang , Yuxin Li , Shuaibin Tian , Luyao Wang , Hongjiang Liu , Guocheng Wei , Liping Yu , Xueli Huang , Changhe Wei , Lang Yan , Peihua Li , Yan Liu , Yangmei Wang , Xiyao Wang , Qiang Wang

Late blight caused by Phytophthora infestans seriously threatens world’s potato production. Understanding the responsive mechanism of potato to P. infestans infection and exploring key regulators would be advantageous for improving the late blight resistance. Here, we firstly assessed the late blight resistance of 10 potato cultivars collected from Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture and found that Chuan Liang Shu (CLS) is highly resistant, while Bu Wu Yu (BWY) is extremely susceptible. Comparative transcriptomics further revealed distinct mechanisms of CLS and BWY in response to P. infestans infection, in which CLS activates defense pathways rapidly, while BWY prioritizes energy towards growth and development pathways. Specifically, the up-regulated genes in CLS were largely enriched in oxidation-reduction process and SA-related pathways, resulting in activated ROS-scavenging systems and SA signaling. Clustering analysis for the expression patterns of transcription factors (TFs) demonstrates that the WRKY family members were significantly enriched in a cluster that is specifically induced in CLS after P. infestans infection. Silencing StWRKY26, one of the four WRKYs with higher induction levels, significantly compromise the intrinsic resistance against P. infestans in CLS. Our study enriches the knowledge of transcriptional responses of potato under P. infestans infection and provide candidate genes for breeding potato cultivars with strong late blight resistance.

{"title":"Transcriptomic analysis reveals distinct strategies of two potato cultivars against Phytophthora infestans and identifies StWRKY26 as a positive regulator of late blight resistance","authors":"Jingye Fu , Ben Ma , Li Zhu , Yuhan Zhang , Yuxin Li , Shuaibin Tian , Luyao Wang , Hongjiang Liu , Guocheng Wei , Liping Yu , Xueli Huang , Changhe Wei , Lang Yan , Peihua Li , Yan Liu , Yangmei Wang , Xiyao Wang , Qiang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106084","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106084","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Late blight caused by <em>Phytophthora infestans</em> seriously threatens world’s potato production. Understanding the responsive mechanism of potato to <em>P. infestans</em> infection and exploring key regulators would be advantageous for improving the late blight resistance. Here, we firstly assessed the late blight resistance of 10 potato cultivars collected from Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture and found that Chuan Liang Shu (CLS) is highly resistant, while Bu Wu Yu (BWY) is extremely susceptible. Comparative transcriptomics further revealed distinct mechanisms of CLS and BWY in response to <em>P. infestans</em> infection, in which CLS activates defense pathways rapidly, while BWY prioritizes energy towards growth and development pathways. Specifically, the up-regulated genes in CLS were largely enriched in oxidation-reduction process and SA-related pathways, resulting in activated ROS-scavenging systems and SA signaling. Clustering analysis for the expression patterns of transcription factors (TFs) demonstrates that the WRKY family members were significantly enriched in a cluster that is specifically induced in CLS after <em>P. infestans</em> infection. Silencing <em>StWRKY26,</em> one of the four WRKYs with higher induction levels, significantly compromise the intrinsic resistance against <em>P. infestans</em> in CLS. Our study enriches the knowledge of transcriptional responses of potato under <em>P. infestans</em> infection and provide candidate genes for breeding potato cultivars with strong late blight resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 106084"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143163985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

PaGL1-like2 from Platanus acerifolia regulates anthocyanin accumulation and plant architecture

IF 4.5 2区生物学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental and Experimental Botany

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106078

Yongkang Lu , Yujuan Hu , Yuqing Chen , Manzhu Bao , Yanping Zhang

The London plane (Platanus acerifolia) is an important street tree known for its branching characteristics, making it valuable for garden applications. R2R3-MYB transcription factors play a crucial role in regulating plant development and metabolism. In this study, we isolated the PaGL1-like2 gene, which encodes an R2R3-MYB transcription factor from P. acerifolia, and its gene function was validated. Overexpression of PaGL1-like2 in tobacco altered the expression levels of structural genes in the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway, resulting in changes in the accumulation of metabolites such as anthocyanins, flavonols, and lignin. Additionally, overexpression of this gene led to architectural changes in tobacco plants, including axillary bud outgrowth, leaf narrowing, and increased branching angles of leaf stalks. Transcriptome analysis indicated that PaGL1-like2 may regulate the expression of genes involved in plant hormone signal transduction, as well as starch and sugar metabolism pathways, ultimately influencing tobacco plant architecture. These findings suggest that PaGL1-like2 is involved in various biological processes due to its multifunctionality. Furthermore, this study provides valuable insights and strategies for the regulation of woody plant architecture.

{"title":"PaGL1-like2 from Platanus acerifolia regulates anthocyanin accumulation and plant architecture","authors":"Yongkang Lu , Yujuan Hu , Yuqing Chen , Manzhu Bao , Yanping Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106078","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106078","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The London plane (<em>Platanus acerifolia</em>) is an important street tree known for its branching characteristics, making it valuable for garden applications. R2R3-MYB transcription factors play a crucial role in regulating plant development and metabolism. In this study, we isolated the <em>PaGL1-like2</em> gene, which encodes an R2R3-MYB transcription factor from <em>P. acerifolia</em>, and its gene function was validated. Overexpression of <em>PaGL1-like2</em> in tobacco altered the expression levels of structural genes in the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway, resulting in changes in the accumulation of metabolites such as anthocyanins, flavonols, and lignin. Additionally, overexpression of this gene led to architectural changes in tobacco plants, including axillary bud outgrowth, leaf narrowing, and increased branching angles of leaf stalks. Transcriptome analysis indicated that <em>PaGL1-like2</em> may regulate the expression of genes involved in plant hormone signal transduction, as well as starch and sugar metabolism pathways, ultimately influencing tobacco plant architecture. These findings suggest that <em>PaGL1-like2</em> is involved in various biological processes due to its multifunctionality. Furthermore, this study provides valuable insights and strategies for the regulation of woody plant architecture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 106078"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143163982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Invasive species are more homogenous in their root morphology and exudate metabolome than non-invasive alien species

IF 4.5 2区生物学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental and Experimental Botany

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106057

Nikita Rathore , Věra Hanzelková , Tomáš Dostálek , Dinesh Thakur , Zuzana Münzbergová

•
Invasive species, known for destabilizing ecosystems, may induce biotic homogenization by reducing functional diversity compared to non-invasive species. Root traits, such as exudate production, play a significant role in belowground plant interactions. However, the differences in these traits between invasive and non-invasive alien species, as well as their potential to contribute to functional homogenization, remain insufficiently understood.

•
We investigated whether invasive species (1) exhibit distinct root morphology and exudate metabolome and show greater homogeneity than non-invasive species, and (2) how functional dissimilarity changes with increasing phylogenetic dissimilarity in invasive versus non-invasive species by analyzing root morphological traits and exudate metabolome profiles in 65 plant species with different invasion status.

•
Results showed no significant differences in root morphology or exudate metabolome composition, though certain metabolites differed between the two groups. Overall, invasive species were more homogenous in both aspects, even after controlling for their phylogenetic relationships. Non-invasive species exhibited increased functional dissimilarity with increasing phylogenetic dissimilarity in root morphology, while the opposite was observed in root exudate metabolome.

•
Our study indicates that invasive species exhibit greater functional homogeneity, leading to reduced functional diversity. This reduction leads to lower ecosystem multifunctionality and niche complementarity, potentially posing a significant threat to ecosystem functioning and soil biodiversity.

{"title":"Invasive species are more homogenous in their root morphology and exudate metabolome than non-invasive alien species","authors":"Nikita Rathore , Věra Hanzelková , Tomáš Dostálek , Dinesh Thakur , Zuzana Münzbergová","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106057","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106057","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><ul><li><span>•</span><span><div>Invasive species, known for destabilizing ecosystems, may induce biotic homogenization by reducing functional diversity compared to non-invasive species. Root traits, such as exudate production, play a significant role in belowground plant interactions. However, the differences in these traits between invasive and non-invasive alien species, as well as their potential to contribute to functional homogenization, remain insufficiently understood.</div></span></li></ul><ul><li><span>•</span><span><div>We investigated whether invasive species (1) exhibit distinct root morphology and exudate metabolome and show greater homogeneity than non-invasive species, and (2) how functional dissimilarity changes with increasing phylogenetic dissimilarity in invasive versus non-invasive species by analyzing root morphological traits and exudate metabolome profiles in 65 plant species with different invasion status.</div></span></li></ul><ul><li><span>•</span><span><div>Results showed no significant differences in root morphology or exudate metabolome composition, though certain metabolites differed between the two groups. Overall, invasive species were more homogenous in both aspects, even after controlling for their phylogenetic relationships. Non-invasive species exhibited increased functional dissimilarity with increasing phylogenetic dissimilarity in root morphology, while the opposite was observed in root exudate metabolome.</div></span></li></ul><ul><li><span>•</span><span><div>Our study indicates that invasive species exhibit greater functional homogeneity, leading to reduced functional diversity. This reduction leads to lower ecosystem multifunctionality and niche complementarity, potentially posing a significant threat to ecosystem functioning and soil biodiversity.</div></span></li></ul></div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 106057"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143165614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigating the impact of spring (Vrn-A1) and winter (vrn-A1) vernalization alleles on frost tolerance induced by light spectrum and low temperatures in different wheat backgrounds

IF 4.5 2区生物学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental and Experimental Botany

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106079

Mohamed Ahres , Tamás Pálmai , Zsuzsanna Farkas , Zsolt Gulyás , Alexandra Soltész , Péter Borbély , Zahra Tahmasebi , D. Brian Fowler , Gábor Galiba

The need for exposure to low, but non-freezing temperatures is a common aspect of both cold acclimation and vernalization, suggesting a possible link between these two processes. Cold hardiness levels are regulated by the C-repeat binding factor (CBF) regulon, whereas vernalization requirements are influenced by vernalization genes (VRNs). The VRN1 gene has an epistatic effect on the CBF regulon, reducing frost tolerance during post-vernalization. It is widely acknowledged that, apart from low temperature, light also serves as an external signal influencing the expression of CBF genes indicating that photoperiod and light quality play important roles in regulating cold acclimation processes. For instance, frost-tolerant winter wheat illuminated by white light with additional far-red light increases frost resistance due to low red:far-red (R:FR) ratio. However, information regarding the regulation or influence of VRN1 gene on the light quality induced frost tolerance is currently lacking. In the present study, reciprocal near-isogenic lines (NILs) produced from crossing the non-hardy spring-habit (Vrn-A1) cultivar ‘Manitou’ with the very cold-hardy winter-habit (vrn-A1) cultivar ‘Norstar’ were used. Our objective was to investigate how winter/spring VRN1 alleles (vrn-A1/Vrn-A1), inserted in the same genetic background, affect wheat frost tolerance under different spectral illuminations at temperatures of 15 °C and 5 °C. Based on freezing tests and the cold-related gene expressions patterns, it appears that the light-induced frost tolerance does not completely depend on VRN1 gene expression but is strongly dependent on the background. Additionally, the presence of the spring allele is capable of sensitizing an otherwise frost-tolerant genotype to frost.

{"title":"Investigating the impact of spring (Vrn-A1) and winter (vrn-A1) vernalization alleles on frost tolerance induced by light spectrum and low temperatures in different wheat backgrounds","authors":"Mohamed Ahres , Tamás Pálmai , Zsuzsanna Farkas , Zsolt Gulyás , Alexandra Soltész , Péter Borbély , Zahra Tahmasebi , D. Brian Fowler , Gábor Galiba","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106079","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106079","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The need for exposure to low, but non-freezing temperatures is a common aspect of both cold acclimation and vernalization, suggesting a possible link between these two processes. Cold hardiness levels are regulated by the C-repeat binding factor (CBF) regulon, whereas vernalization requirements are influenced by vernalization genes (<em>VRN</em>s). The <em>VRN1</em> gene has an epistatic effect on the CBF regulon, reducing frost tolerance during post-vernalization. It is widely acknowledged that, apart from low temperature, light also serves as an external signal influencing the expression of CBF genes indicating that photoperiod and light quality play important roles in regulating cold acclimation processes. For instance, frost-tolerant winter wheat illuminated by white light with additional far-red light increases frost resistance due to low red:far-red (R:FR) ratio. However, information regarding the regulation or influence of <em>VRN1</em> gene on the light quality induced frost tolerance is currently lacking. In the present study, reciprocal near-isogenic lines (NILs) produced from crossing the non-hardy spring-habit (<em>Vrn-A1</em>) cultivar ‘Manitou’ with the very cold-hardy winter-habit (<em>vrn-A1</em>) cultivar ‘Norstar’ were used. Our objective was to investigate how winter/spring VRN1 alleles (<em>vrn-A1</em>/<em>Vrn-A1</em>), inserted in the same genetic background, affect wheat frost tolerance under different spectral illuminations at temperatures of 15 °C and 5 °C. Based on freezing tests and the cold-related gene expressions patterns, it appears that the light-induced frost tolerance does not completely depend on <em>VRN1</em> gene expression but is strongly dependent on the background. Additionally, the presence of the spring allele is capable of sensitizing an otherwise frost-tolerant genotype to frost.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 106079"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143164012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transcriptome analysis and physiological response to heat and cold stress in flax (Linum usitatissimum L) at the seedling stage

IF 4.5 2区生物学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental and Experimental Botany

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106076

Qian Zhao , Shuyao Li , Fu Wang , Jianyu Lu , Guofei Tan , Ningning Wang , Fan Qi , Changjiang Zhang , Michael K. Deyholos , Zhenyuan Zang , Jun Zhang , Jian Zhang

Exposure to low temperatures renders flax seedlings vulnerable to oxidative damage, leading to delayed flowering, while high temperatures hinder seedling growth and negatively impact pollen viability. The seedling stage is particularly sensitive to environmental stressors, which can result in decreased flax yield and compromised seed oil quality. In this study, phenotypic assessments, along with physiological, biochemical, and transcriptomic analyses, were conducted on flax plants subjected to both high and low temperature stress, followed by 6 d recovery period. Results showed that the length and weight of seedlings and shoots were greatest in flax plants that had recovered from low temperature stress. After exposure to low temperature stress, flax seedlings exhibited the highest relative water content (RWC) and relative water loss (RWL) measuring 66.56 % and 93.34 %, respectively. The levels of Pro, SOD, CAT, POD, and nine phytohormones were significantly elevated compared to the control, whereas MDA levels were notably declined. A total of 43,471 genes were identified in the transcriptome data, Among these 32,319 exhibited significant differential expression. GO analysis highlighted enrichment in biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions. KEGG analysis showed enrichment in plant hormone signal transduction and secondary metabolite biosynthesis. Moreover, differentially expressed genes associated with phytohormone synthesis and signal transduction were analyzed. The expression level of salicylic acid (SA) genes was significantly upregulated under high temperature stress, whereas jasmonic acid (JA) genes were significantly up-regulated under low temperature stress. These findings will elucidate the intricate regulatory mechanisms of osmoregulatory factors, antioxidant enzymes, and endogenous plant hormones in flax's response to high and low temperature stress, offering valuable insights for the selection and breeding of resistant flax varieties and the enhancement of genetic resources.

{"title":"Transcriptome analysis and physiological response to heat and cold stress in flax (Linum usitatissimum L) at the seedling stage","authors":"Qian Zhao , Shuyao Li , Fu Wang , Jianyu Lu , Guofei Tan , Ningning Wang , Fan Qi , Changjiang Zhang , Michael K. Deyholos , Zhenyuan Zang , Jun Zhang , Jian Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106076","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106076","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Exposure to low temperatures renders flax seedlings vulnerable to oxidative damage, leading to delayed flowering, while high temperatures hinder seedling growth and negatively impact pollen viability. The seedling stage is particularly sensitive to environmental stressors, which can result in decreased flax yield and compromised seed oil quality. In this study, phenotypic assessments, along with physiological, biochemical, and transcriptomic analyses, were conducted on flax plants subjected to both high and low temperature stress, followed by 6 d recovery period. Results showed that the length and weight of seedlings and shoots were greatest in flax plants that had recovered from low temperature stress. After exposure to low temperature stress, flax seedlings exhibited the highest relative water content (RWC) and relative water loss (RWL) measuring 66.56 % and 93.34 %, respectively. The levels of Pro, SOD, CAT, POD, and nine phytohormones were significantly elevated compared to the control, whereas MDA levels were notably declined. A total of 43,471 genes were identified in the transcriptome data, Among these 32,319 exhibited significant differential expression. GO analysis highlighted enrichment in biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions. KEGG analysis showed enrichment in plant hormone signal transduction and secondary metabolite biosynthesis. Moreover, differentially expressed genes associated with phytohormone synthesis and signal transduction were analyzed. The expression level of salicylic acid (SA) genes was significantly upregulated under high temperature stress, whereas jasmonic acid (JA) genes were significantly up-regulated under low temperature stress. These findings will elucidate the intricate regulatory mechanisms of osmoregulatory factors, antioxidant enzymes, and endogenous plant hormones in flax's response to high and low temperature stress, offering valuable insights for the selection and breeding of resistant flax varieties and the enhancement of genetic resources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 106076"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143163979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Revealing the soybean seed waterlogging tolerance molecular mechanism through integrated transcriptome and proteome analysis

IF 4.5 2区生物学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental and Experimental Botany

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106056

Yongqiang Wang, Yuxiang Zhu, Dong Xue, Na Zhao, Mengnan Yao, Enqiang Zhou, Chunyan Gu, Bo Li, Yao Zhou, Zongdi Li, Yuxin Shi, Yamei Miao, Xuejun Wang, Kaihua Wang, Libin Wei

Waterlogging stress is one of the factors restricting soybean agricultural production. However, there are few studies on waterlogging tolerance in soybean seeds at germination stage. In this study, the physiological responses of soybean seeds under waterlogging stress at different durations (0, 12, 24, 36, 48 hours) were investigated. In the sensitive material (SX19–787), germination rate, root length, seedling length, fresh weight and vigor index were significantly lower than the control after 36 h waterlogging treatment, while the tolerant material (CN-5) still maintained high germination vigor. To elucidate the waterlogging tolerance mechanism, proteome, transcriptome sequencing and physiological–biochemical tests were employed. A total of 32 DEPs and 2281 DEGs were specifically expressed in CN-5. Seven DEPs and 11,067 DEGs were co-expressed in CN-5 and SX19–787. Combined proteome and transcriptome sequencing analysis showed that GRP-2, PER53, and PME31 proteins which regulate cell wall metabolism and RPL protein were hub proteins, DHAR3, GSTF9, CAMTA5, ACO3 and SDH were hub genes, indicating that they played a key role in waterlogging tolerance in soybean seeds at germination stage. The tolerant material (CN-5) showed higher PME and GST enzyme activity and lower PDC enzyme activity. The adaptive strategies for waterlogging tolerance in soybean seeds at germination stage may be: enhancing cell wall homeostasis, enhancing the tricarboxylic acid cycle and reducing ethanol fermentation to provide energy, enhancing antioxidant activity, and regulating ribosome metabolism. Overall, these findings provide in-depth insights into the waterlogging tolerance in soybean seeds at germination stage, and provide a theoretical basis for the breeding and identification of waterlogging-tolerant soybean varieties.

{"title":"Revealing the soybean seed waterlogging tolerance molecular mechanism through integrated transcriptome and proteome analysis","authors":"Yongqiang Wang, Yuxiang Zhu, Dong Xue, Na Zhao, Mengnan Yao, Enqiang Zhou, Chunyan Gu, Bo Li, Yao Zhou, Zongdi Li, Yuxin Shi, Yamei Miao, Xuejun Wang, Kaihua Wang, Libin Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106056","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106056","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Waterlogging stress is one of the factors restricting soybean agricultural production. However, there are few studies on waterlogging tolerance in soybean seeds at germination stage. In this study, the physiological responses of soybean seeds under waterlogging stress at different durations (0, 12, 24, 36, 48 hours) were investigated. In the sensitive material (SX19–787), germination rate, root length, seedling length, fresh weight and vigor index were significantly lower than the control after 36 h waterlogging treatment, while the tolerant material (CN-5) still maintained high germination vigor. To elucidate the waterlogging tolerance mechanism, proteome, transcriptome sequencing and physiological–biochemical tests were employed. A total of 32 DEPs and 2281 DEGs were specifically expressed in CN-5. Seven DEPs and 11,067 DEGs were co-expressed in CN-5 and SX19–787. Combined proteome and transcriptome sequencing analysis showed that GRP-2, PER53, and PME31 proteins which regulate cell wall metabolism and RPL protein were hub proteins, DHAR3, GSTF9, CAMTA5, ACO3 and SDH were hub genes, indicating that they played a key role in waterlogging tolerance in soybean seeds at germination stage. The tolerant material (CN-5) showed higher PME and GST enzyme activity and lower PDC enzyme activity. The adaptive strategies for waterlogging tolerance in soybean seeds at germination stage may be: enhancing cell wall homeostasis, enhancing the tricarboxylic acid cycle and reducing ethanol fermentation to provide energy, enhancing antioxidant activity, and regulating ribosome metabolism. Overall, these findings provide in-depth insights into the waterlogging tolerance in soybean seeds at germination stage, and provide a theoretical basis for the breeding and identification of waterlogging-tolerant soybean varieties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 106056"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143165613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0