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Placental lncRNA expression associated with placental cadmium concentrations and birth weight. 胎盘 lncRNA 表达与胎盘镉浓度和出生体重相关。
IF 3.8 Q1 GENETICS & HEREDITY Pub Date : 2020-05-10 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/eep/dvaa003
Michael R Hussey, Amber Burt, Maya A Deyssenroth, Brian P Jackson, Ke Hao, Shouneng Peng, Jia Chen, Carmen J Marsit, Todd M Everson

Heavy metal exposures, such as cadmium, can have negative effects on infant birth weight (BW)-among other developmental outcomes-with placental dysfunction potentially playing a role in these effects. In this study, we examined how differential placental expression of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) may be associated with cadmium levels in placenta and whether differences in the expression of those lncRNAs were associated with fetal growth. In the Rhode Island Child Health Study, we used data from Illumina HiSeq whole transcriptome RNA sequencing (n = 199) to examine association between lncRNA expression and measures of infant BW as well as placental cadmium concentrations controlled for appropriate covariates. Of the 1191 lncRNAs sequenced, 46 demonstrated associations (q < 0.05) with BW in models controlling for infant sex, maternal age, BMI, maternal education, and smoking during pregnancy. Furthermore, four of these transcripts were associated with placental cadmium concentrations, with MIR22HG and ERVH48-1 demonstrating increases in expression associated with increasing cadmium exposure and elevated odds of small for gestational age birth, while AC114763.2 and LINC02595 demonstrated reduced expression associated with cadmium, but elevated odds of large for gestational age birth with increasing expression. We identified relationships between lncRNA expression with both placental cadmium concentrations and BW. This study provides evidence that disrupted placental expression of lncRNAs may be a part of cadmium's mechanisms of reproductive toxicity.

重金属(如镉)暴露会对婴儿出生体重(BW)及其他发育结果产生负面影响,而胎盘功能障碍可能在这些影响中起到一定作用。在这项研究中,我们研究了胎盘中长非编码 RNA(lncRNA)的不同表达可能与胎盘中的镉水平有何关联,以及这些 lncRNA 的表达差异是否与胎儿的生长有关。在罗德岛儿童健康研究(Rhode Island Child Health Study)中,我们利用Illumina HiSeq全转录组RNA测序数据(n = 199)研究了lncRNA表达与婴儿体重测量以及胎盘镉浓度之间的关系,并控制了适当的协变量。在测序的1191个lncRNA中,46个表现出相关性(q MIR22HG和ERVH48-1表现出与镉暴露增加相关的表达增加以及小胎龄出生几率升高,而AC114763.2和LINC02595表现出与镉相关的表达降低,但随着表达增加,大胎龄出生几率升高。我们确定了 lncRNA 表达与胎盘镉浓度和体重之间的关系。这项研究提供的证据表明,lncRNA的胎盘表达紊乱可能是镉的生殖毒性机制的一部分。
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引用次数: 0
Symposium summary: Epigenetic inheritance-impact for biology and society 26-28 August 2019, Zurich, Switzerland. 2019年8月26-28日,瑞士苏黎世,表观遗传对生物学和社会的影响
IF 3.8 Q1 GENETICS & HEREDITY Pub Date : 2020-05-06 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/eep/dvaa004
Irina Lazar-Contes, Martin Roszkowski, Deepak K Tanwar, Isabelle M Mansuy

The concept of epigenetic inheritance proposes a new and unconventional way to think about heredity in health and disease, at the interface between genetics and the environment. Epigenetic inheritance is a form of biological inheritance not encoded in the DNA sequence itself but mediated by epigenetic factors. Because epigenetic factors can be modulated by the environment, they can relay this information to the genome and modify its activity consequentially. If epigenetic changes induced by environmental exposure are present in the germline and persist in germ cells during development until conception, they have the potential to transfer the traces of ancestral exposure to the progeny. This form of heredity relates to the extremely important question of nature versus nurture and how much of our own make-up is genetically or epigenetically determined, a question that remains largely unresolved. Because it questions the dominant dogma of genetics and brings a paradigm shift in sciences, it has to creating strong bridges between disciplines and provide solid causal evidence to be firmly established. The second edition of a conference fully dedicated to epigenetic inheritance was held in August 2019 in Zurich, Switzerland. This symposium titled 'Epigenetic inheritance: impact for biology and society' (http://www.epigenetic-inheritance-zurich.ethz.ch), gathered experts in the field of epigenetic inheritance to discuss the concept and pertinent findings, exchange views and expertise about models and methods, and address challenges raised by this new discipline. The symposium offered a mix of invited lectures and short talks selected from abstracts, poster sessions and a workshop 'Meet the experts: Q&A'. A tour of a local omics facility the Functional Genomics Center Zurich was also offered to interested participants. Additional comments and impressions were shared by attendees on Twitter #eisz19 during and after the symposium. This summary provides an overview of the different sessions and talks and describes the main findings presented.

表观遗传的概念提出了一种新的和非传统的方式来思考健康和疾病中的遗传,在遗传学和环境之间的接口。表观遗传是一种不以DNA序列本身编码,而是由表观遗传因子介导的生物遗传形式。由于表观遗传因素可以被环境调节,它们可以将这些信息传递给基因组并相应地改变其活性。如果由环境暴露引起的表观遗传变化存在于生殖细胞中,并在发育过程中持续存在于生殖细胞中直至受孕,则它们有可能将祖先暴露的痕迹转移给后代。这种形式的遗传关系到一个极其重要的问题,即先天与后天,以及我们自身的构成有多少是由遗传或表观遗传决定的,这个问题在很大程度上仍未得到解决。因为它质疑了遗传学的主导教条,并带来了科学范式的转变,它必须在学科之间建立牢固的桥梁,并提供坚实的因果证据,才能牢固地建立起来。2019年8月,第二届专门讨论表观遗传的会议在瑞士苏黎世举行。本次研讨会题为“表观遗传:对生物学和社会的影响”(http://www.epigenetic-inheritance-zurich.ethz.ch),聚集了表观遗传领域的专家,讨论了表观遗传的概念和相关发现,交流了关于模型和方法的观点和专业知识,并解决了这一新学科提出的挑战。研讨会提供了邀请讲座和从摘要中挑选的简短演讲,海报会议和“与专家会面:问答”研讨会。有兴趣的参与者还可以参观苏黎世功能基因组学中心的当地组学设施。在研讨会期间和之后,与会者在Twitter #eisz19上分享了其他评论和印象。本摘要提供了不同会议和演讲的概述,并描述了提出的主要发现。
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引用次数: 2
Erratum: Acetaminophen use during pregnancy and DNA methylation in the placenta of the extremely low gestational age newborn (ELGAN) cohort. 更正:怀孕期间对乙酰氨基酚的使用和极低胎龄新生儿(ELGAN)队列胎盘中的DNA甲基化。
IF 3.8 Q1 GENETICS & HEREDITY Pub Date : 2020-05-06 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/eep/dvaa006
Kezia A Addo, Catherine Bulka, Radhika Dhingra, Hudson P Santos, Lisa Smeester, T Michael O'Shea, Rebecca C Fry

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1093/eep/dvz010.][This corrects the article DOI: 10.1093/eep/dvz010.].

[这更正了文章DOI: 10.1093/eep/dvz010。][更正文章DOI: 10.1093/eep/dvz010.]。
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引用次数: 30
Cannabis use and the sperm epigenome: a budding concern? 大麻使用和精子表观基因组:一个崭露头角的问题?
IF 3.8 Q1 GENETICS & HEREDITY Pub Date : 2020-03-19 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/eep/dvaa002
Rose Schrott, Susan K Murphy

The United States is swiftly moving toward increased legalization of medical and recreational cannabis. Currently considered the most commonly used illicit psychoactive drug, recreational cannabis is legal in 11 states and Washington, DC, and male use is an important and understudied concern. Questions remain, however, about the potential long-term consequences of this exposure and how cannabis might impact the epigenetic integrity of sperm in such a way that could influence the health and development of offspring. This review summarizes cannabis use and potency in the USA, provides a brief overview of DNA methylation as an epigenetic mechanism that is vulnerable in sperm to environmental exposures including cannabis, and summarizes studies that have examined the effects of parental exposure to cannabis or delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC, the main psychoactive component of cannabis) on the epigenetic profile of the gametes and behavior of offspring. These studies have demonstrated significant changes to the sperm DNA methylome following cannabis use in humans, and THC exposure in rats. Furthermore, the use of rodent models has shown methylation and behavioral changes in rats born to fathers exposed to THC or synthetic cannabinoids, or to parents who were both exposed to THC. These data substantiate an urgent need for additional studies assessing the effects of cannabis exposure on childhood health and development. This is especially true given the current growing state of cannabis use in the USA.

美国正在迅速走向医用和娱乐用大麻的合法化。娱乐性大麻目前被认为是最常用的非法精神药物,在11个州和华盛顿特区是合法的,男性使用大麻是一个重要的问题,但尚未得到充分研究。然而,关于这种接触的潜在长期后果,以及大麻如何影响精子的表观遗传完整性,从而影响后代的健康和发育,问题仍然存在。这篇综述总结了大麻在美国的使用和效力,简要概述了DNA甲基化作为精子易受包括大麻在内的环境暴露的表观遗传机制,并总结了父母暴露于大麻或德尔塔-9四氢大麻酚(THC,大麻的主要精神活性成分)对后代配子表观遗传谱和行为的影响的研究。这些研究表明,在人类使用大麻和大鼠接触四氢大麻酚后,精子DNA甲基组发生了重大变化。此外,啮齿类动物模型的使用表明,暴露于四氢大麻酚或合成大麻素的父亲或暴露于四氢大麻酚的父母所生的大鼠的甲基化和行为变化。这些数据证实,迫切需要进行更多的研究,评估接触大麻对儿童健康和发育的影响。考虑到目前美国大麻使用的增长状态,这一点尤其正确。
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引用次数: 19
Erratum: Epigenome-wide association of father's smoking with offspring DNA methylation: a hypothesis-generating study. 勘误:父亲吸烟与后代DNA甲基化的全表观基因组关联:一项假设生成研究。
IF 3.8 Q1 GENETICS & HEREDITY Pub Date : 2020-02-04 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/eep/dvz027
G T Mørkve Knudsen, F I Rezwan, A Johannessen, S M Skulstad, R J Bertelsen, F G Real, S Krauss-Etschmann, V Patil, D Jarvis, S H Arshad, J W Holloway, C Svanes

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1093/eep/dvz023.][This corrects the article DOI: 10.1093/eep/dvz023.].

[此更正文章DOI: 10.1093/eep/dvz023。][更正文章DOI: 10.1093/eep/dvz023.]。
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引用次数: 2
Non-CpG methylation biases bisulphite PCR towards low or unmethylated mitochondrial DNA: recommendations for the field. 非cpg甲基化偏差亚硫酸盐PCR对低或未甲基化线粒体DNA:对该领域的建议。
IF 3.8 Q1 GENETICS & HEREDITY Pub Date : 2020-02-04 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/eep/dvaa001
Margaret J Morris, Luke B Hesson, Neil A Youngson

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is a circular genome of 16 kb that is present in multiple copies in mitochondria. mtDNA codes for genes that contribute to mitochondrial structure and function. A long-standing question has asked whether mtDNA is epigenetically regulated similarly to the nuclear genome. Recently published data suggest that unlike the nuclear genome where CpG methylation is the norm, mtDNA is methylated predominantly at non-CpG cytosines. This raises important methodological considerations for future investigations. In particular, existing bisulphite PCR techniques may be unsuitable due to primers being biased towards amplification from unmethylated mtDNA. Here, we describe how this may have led to previous studies underestimating the level of mtDNA methylation and reiterate methodological strategies for its accurate assessment.

线粒体DNA (mtDNA)是一个16kb的环状基因组,存在于线粒体的多个拷贝中。mtDNA编码有助于线粒体结构和功能的基因。一个长期存在的问题是,mtDNA是否受到与核基因组相似的表观遗传调控。最近发表的数据表明,与CpG甲基化是常态的核基因组不同,mtDNA主要在非CpG胞嘧啶上甲基化。这为今后的研究提出了重要的方法学考虑。特别是,现有的亚硫酸盐PCR技术可能不适合,因为引物偏向于扩增未甲基化的mtDNA。在这里,我们描述了这可能导致之前的研究低估了mtDNA甲基化水平,并重申了准确评估mtDNA甲基化的方法策略。
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引用次数: 7
Epigenetic anticipation for food and reproduction. 表观遗传学对食物和繁殖的预期。
IF 3.8 Q1 GENETICS & HEREDITY Pub Date : 2020-01-30 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/eep/dvz026
Christelle Leung, Bernard Angers, Patrick Bergeron

Physiological changes in anticipation of cyclic environmental events are common for the persistence of populations in fluctuating environments (e.g. seasons). However, dealing with sporadic resources such as the intermittent production of seed masting trees may be challenging unless reliable cues also make them predictable. To be adaptive, the anticipation of such episodic events would have to trigger the corresponding physiological response. Epigenetic modifications could result in such physiological anticipatory responses to future changes. The eastern chipmunk (Tamias striatus) is known to adjust its reproductive activity to match juvenile weaning with peak seed availability of masting trees, which are essential for their survival. We therefore expected that epigenetic changes would be linked to spring reproductive initiation in anticipation for beech seed availability in fall. We correlated the variation of DNA methylation profiles of 114 adult chipmunks captured in May with beech seeds abundance in September, over 4 years, for three distinct populations, as well as individuals sampled twice during reproductive and non-reproductive years. The significant correlation between spring epigenetic variation and the amount of food in the fall confirmed the phenotypic flexibility of individuals according to environmental fluctuations. Altogether, these results underlined the key role of epigenetic processes in anticipatory responses enabling organisms to persist in fluctuating environments.

预测周期性环境事件的生理变化是种群在波动环境(如季节)中持续生存的常见现象。然而,处理零星的资源(如间歇性生产的播种树)可能具有挑战性,除非可靠的线索也能使它们变得可预测。为了适应环境,对这种偶发事件的预期必须触发相应的生理反应。表观遗传修饰可能会导致对未来变化的这种生理预期反应。众所周知,东部花栗鼠(Tamias striatus)会调整其繁殖活动,以配合幼鼠断奶期和它们赖以生存的树木种子供应高峰期。因此,我们预计表观遗传学的变化将与春季生殖活动的启动有关,以期待秋季山毛榉种子的供应。我们将 4 年中在 5 月份捕获的 114 只成年花栗鼠的 DNA 甲基化图谱变化与 9 月份山毛榉种子的丰度进行了相关性分析,结果显示了三个不同的种群,以及在繁殖期和非繁殖期采样两次的个体。春季表观遗传变异与秋季食物量之间的显着相关性证实了个体表型随环境波动而变化的灵活性。总之,这些结果凸显了表观遗传过程在预测反应中的关键作用,使生物能够在波动的环境中持续生存。
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引用次数: 0
Erratum to: Issue 6 (1) 勘误表:第6期(1)
IF 3.8 Q1 GENETICS & HEREDITY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/eep/dvaa012
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引用次数: 0
2019 environment, epigenetics and reproduction. 2019年环境、表观遗传学和生殖。
IF 3.8 Q1 GENETICS & HEREDITY Pub Date : 2019-12-23 eCollection Date: 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1093/eep/dvz025
Michael K Skinner

A conference summary of the fourth 2018 biannual Kenya Africa Conference 'Environment, Epigenetics and Reproduction' is provided. A special Environmental Epigenetics issue containing a number of papers in Volume 5, Issue 3 and 4 are discussed.

提供了2018年第四届两年一次的肯尼亚非洲会议“环境、表观遗传学和生殖”的会议摘要。一个特殊的环境表观遗传学问题包含了一些论文在第5卷,第3期和第4讨论。
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引用次数: 0
Folic acid supplementation reduces multigenerational sperm miRNA perturbation induced by in utero environmental contaminant exposure. 补充叶酸可减少子宫内环境污染物暴露引起的多代精子miRNA扰动。
IF 3.8 Q1 GENETICS & HEREDITY Pub Date : 2019-12-14 eCollection Date: 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1093/eep/dvz024
P M Herst, M Dalvai, M Lessard, P L Charest, P Navarro, C Joly-Beauparlant, A Droit, J M Trasler, S Kimmins, A J MacFarlane, M-O Benoit-Biancamano, J L Bailey

Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) can induce epigenetic changes in the paternal germline. Here, we report that folic acid (FA) supplementation mitigates sperm miRNA profiles transgenerationally following in utero paternal exposure to POPs in a rat model. Pregnant founder dams were exposed to an environmentally relevant POPs mixture (or corn oil) ± FA supplementation and subsequent F1-F4 male descendants were not exposed to POPs and were fed the FA control diet. Sperm miRNA profiles of intergenerational (F1, F2) and transgenerational (F3, F4) lineages were investigated using miRNA deep sequencing. Across the F1-F4 generations, sperm miRNA profiles were less perturbed with POPs+FA compared to sperm from descendants of dams treated with POPs alone. POPs exposure consistently led to alteration of three sperm miRNAs across two generations, and similarly one sperm miRNA due to POPs+FA; which was in common with one POPs intergenerationally altered sperm miRNA. The sperm miRNAs that were affected by POPs alone are known to target genes involved in mammary gland and embryonic organ development in F1, sex differentiation and reproductive system development in F2 and cognition and brain development in F3. When the POPs treatment was combined with FA supplementation, however, these same miRNA-targeted gene pathways were perturbed to a lesser extend and only in F1 sperm. These findings suggest that FA partially mitigates the effect of POPs on paternally derived miRNA in a intergenerational manner.

持久性有机污染物(POPs)可引起父系种系的表观遗传变化。在这里,我们报告了在大鼠模型中,叶酸(FA)的补充减轻了子宫内父亲暴露于持久性有机污染物后的精子miRNA谱的代际变化。怀孕的方正坝暴露于与环境相关的持久性有机污染物混合物(或玉米油)±FA,随后的F1-F4雄性后代不暴露于持久性有机污染物,饲喂FA对照饲料。利用miRNA深度测序技术研究了代际(F1, F2)和跨代(F3, F4)精子miRNA谱。在F1-F4代中,与单独接受POPs处理的雄鼠后代的精子相比,POPs+FA对精子miRNA谱的干扰较小。持久性有机污染物暴露持续导致三种精子miRNA在两代之间发生改变,同样,由于持久性有机污染物+FA,一种精子miRNA发生改变;这与一种持久性有机污染物代际改变的精子miRNA是相同的。已知仅受持久性有机污染物影响的精子mirna的靶基因涉及F1中的乳腺和胚胎器官发育,F2中的性别分化和生殖系统发育以及F3中的认知和大脑发育。然而,当持久性有机污染物治疗与FA补充相结合时,这些相同的mirna靶向基因通路受到较小程度的干扰,并且仅在F1精子中受到干扰。这些发现表明,FA以代际方式部分减轻了持久性有机污染物对父亲来源的miRNA的影响。
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引用次数: 16
期刊
Environmental Epigenetics
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