Pub Date : 2023-01-30DOI: 10.32526/ennrj/21/202200157
M. Mujiyo, Ramadhina Nurdianti, K. Komariah, S. Sutarno
The study area, Eromoko, has agricultural land covering 79.76% of the area, which experiences drought every year, causing a decrease in crop yields. Information on agricultural land dryness is needed to reduce the impact of dryness conditions on the agricultural sector. The effect of drought can be minimized using the transformation of the Normalized Difference Drought Index (NDDI) algorithm on Landsat 8 Imagery because it is considered capable of being used for land drought analysis that is accurate and efficient in time and cost. This study created a model for estimating soil moisture with actual soil moisture as the dependent variable and NDDI as the independent variable in several agricultural land uses in Eromoko. The results showed that the estimation model could estimate soil moisture with accuracy in plantations at 85.31%, irrigated paddy fields at 75.99%, rainfed paddy fields at 76.62%, and moors at 88.48%. The dryness category in the study area is 3,314.82 ha (35% of the total area). The variability of land use greatly affects the drying conditions. Dryness conditions can be reduced by controlling the dryness factors. Mitigation efforts to maintain soil moisture include irrigation planning based on the estimation model, applying bio-mulch and organic mulch, organic fertilization, and meeting water requirements in the harvesting period.
{"title":"Agricultural Land Dryness Distribution Using the Normalized Difference Drought Index (NDDI) Algorithm on Landsat 8 Imagery in Eromoko, Indonesia","authors":"M. Mujiyo, Ramadhina Nurdianti, K. Komariah, S. Sutarno","doi":"10.32526/ennrj/21/202200157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32526/ennrj/21/202200157","url":null,"abstract":"The study area, Eromoko, has agricultural land covering 79.76% of the area, which experiences drought every year, causing a decrease in crop yields. Information on agricultural land dryness is needed to reduce the impact of dryness conditions on the agricultural sector. The effect of drought can be minimized using the transformation of the Normalized Difference Drought Index (NDDI) algorithm on Landsat 8 Imagery because it is considered capable of being used for land drought analysis that is accurate and efficient in time and cost. This study created a model for estimating soil moisture with actual soil moisture as the dependent variable and NDDI as the independent variable in several agricultural land uses in Eromoko. The results showed that the estimation model could estimate soil moisture with accuracy in plantations at 85.31%, irrigated paddy fields at 75.99%, rainfed paddy fields at 76.62%, and moors at 88.48%. The dryness category in the study area is 3,314.82 ha (35% of the total area). The variability of land use greatly affects the drying conditions. Dryness conditions can be reduced by controlling the dryness factors. Mitigation efforts to maintain soil moisture include irrigation planning based on the estimation model, applying bio-mulch and organic mulch, organic fertilization, and meeting water requirements in the harvesting period.","PeriodicalId":11784,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Natural Resources Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43233781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-27DOI: 10.32526/ennrj/21/202200186
Hassan Md. Naveed Anzum, T. K. Chakraborty, Himel Bosu
Farmers in the south-west coastal Bangladesh are frequently affected by climate change due to their proximity to the Bay of Bengal and heavy reliance on agriculture for their livelihoods. In this case, farmers need to know the best implementation methods (adaptation strategies) to reduce crop losses in a changing climate. The present research evaluated the perceptions of farmers to climate change and determine the socio-economic factors which influence the farmers in choosing the right adaptation decisions. Data were collected through close-ended and open-ended structured questionnaire from 52 coastal households and analyzed through descriptive statistics and logistic regression using SPSS V.16. Results revealed that almost all farmers perceived increasing temperature and changes in rainfall patterns over the last 15 years. In response to a changing climate, farmers adopted 13 adaptation strategies where irrigation ranked the first and crop insurance was the last. The logit analysis suggests that household age, education, family income, family member, farm size, farming experience, organizational participations, and training received have a significant influence on farmer’s adaptation choices. Despite various support and technological interventions being available, changing weather, natural disaster pattern, lower income, and lack of credit facilities ranked as the highest problems farmers encountered during adaptation. This study helps to identify important household characteristics that can be applied in the future to formulate and implement a successful adaptation policy. Finally, this study recommends that effective training and early warning systems and provision of credit and market access facilities are necessary to enhance farmer’s resilience to climate change.
{"title":"Farmer’s Perception and Factors Influencing Adoption of Adaptation Measures to Cope with Climate Change: An Evidence from Coastal Bangladesh","authors":"Hassan Md. Naveed Anzum, T. K. Chakraborty, Himel Bosu","doi":"10.32526/ennrj/21/202200186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32526/ennrj/21/202200186","url":null,"abstract":"Farmers in the south-west coastal Bangladesh are frequently affected by climate change due to their proximity to the Bay of Bengal and heavy reliance on agriculture for their livelihoods. In this case, farmers need to know the best implementation methods (adaptation strategies) to reduce crop losses in a changing climate. The present research evaluated the perceptions of farmers to climate change and determine the socio-economic factors which influence the farmers in choosing the right adaptation decisions. Data were collected through close-ended and open-ended structured questionnaire from 52 coastal households and analyzed through descriptive statistics and logistic regression using SPSS V.16. Results revealed that almost all farmers perceived increasing temperature and changes in rainfall patterns over the last 15 years. In response to a changing climate, farmers adopted 13 adaptation strategies where irrigation ranked the first and crop insurance was the last. The logit analysis suggests that household age, education, family income, family member, farm size, farming experience, organizational participations, and training received have a significant influence on farmer’s adaptation choices. Despite various support and technological interventions being available, changing weather, natural disaster pattern, lower income, and lack of credit facilities ranked as the highest problems farmers encountered during adaptation. This study helps to identify important household characteristics that can be applied in the future to formulate and implement a successful adaptation policy. Finally, this study recommends that effective training and early warning systems and provision of credit and market access facilities are necessary to enhance farmer’s resilience to climate change.","PeriodicalId":11784,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Natural Resources Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44438047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-13DOI: 10.32526/ennrj/21/202200221
Sivamani Sivalingam, V. Gopal
In the present study, extracted algal alginate from red algae as natural coagulant was used for removal of textile dye congo red (CR) from water. In developing countries like India, only about 10% of the wastewater being generated is treated, whereas the remaining 90% is discharged into the water bodies as it stands. Color and turbidity are the most common problems in the disposal of wastewater. The removal of color is one of the key challenges in wastewater treatment. For the coagulation process, the synthetic textile wastewater samples had CR concentrations of 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 mg/L and varying initial pH of 4, 5, and 6. Different dosages of calcium and alginate (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 g/L) were used to perform the experiments. The obtained results exhibited that the effectiveness of color removal was higher at lower pH 4, and the calcium and alginate dosages are dependent on the CR concentration of the synthetic textile wastewater. These investigations demonstrating the higher efficiency of calcium alginate as a coagulant, where maximum color removal achieved over 95.05%. Increasing alginate dosages and residence times can enhance the performance of coagulation. Dye color is often present in real wastewater and needs to be removed before being reused or discharged to the environment.
{"title":"Coagulation Study on Extracted Algal Alginate from Red Algae as Natural Coagulant for Remediation of Textile Dye Congo Red","authors":"Sivamani Sivalingam, V. Gopal","doi":"10.32526/ennrj/21/202200221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32526/ennrj/21/202200221","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study, extracted algal alginate from red algae as natural coagulant was used for removal of textile dye congo red (CR) from water. In developing countries like India, only about 10% of the wastewater being generated is treated, whereas the remaining 90% is discharged into the water bodies as it stands. Color and turbidity are the most common problems in the disposal of wastewater. The removal of color is one of the key challenges in wastewater treatment. For the coagulation process, the synthetic textile wastewater samples had CR concentrations of 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 mg/L and varying initial pH of 4, 5, and 6. Different dosages of calcium and alginate (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 g/L) were used to perform the experiments. The obtained results exhibited that the effectiveness of color removal was higher at lower pH 4, and the calcium and alginate dosages are dependent on the CR concentration of the synthetic textile wastewater. These investigations demonstrating the higher efficiency of calcium alginate as a coagulant, where maximum color removal achieved over 95.05%. Increasing alginate dosages and residence times can enhance the performance of coagulation. Dye color is often present in real wastewater and needs to be removed before being reused or discharged to the environment.","PeriodicalId":11784,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Natural Resources Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45912982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-22DOI: 10.32526/ennrj/21/202200210
Thanapat Thepubon, P. Choeisai, K. Choeisai, Kazuaki Syutsubo
A laboratory-scale, two-phase multi-staged up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (MS-UASB) treatment system was monitored over time in order to evaluate its treatment efficiency and performance when treating non-diluted industrial tapioca starch wastewater under ambient temperature in Thailand. The system consisted of an acidification (AC) reactor and MS-UASB reactor and was operated for 280 days. The two-phase MS-UASB achieved a maximum organic loading rate (OLR) of 8 kg-COD/m3/day for the overall system and reached 80.5% of chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency. Based on the inlet wastewater of each reactor, the AC reactor removed 61.85% of suspended solids and achieved acidification of the wastewater to produce volatile fatty acids at over 50%. Meanwhile, the MS-UASB reactor achieved 74.5% COD removal efficiency. Further analysis found that the increase in soluble extracellular polymeric substances per bound extracellular polymeric substances (S-EPS/B-EPS) was related to the floating sludge phenomenon, which occurred under excess OLR condition.
{"title":"Treating Tapioca Starch Industrial Wastewater Using Two-Phase Multi-Staged Up-Flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (MS-UASB)","authors":"Thanapat Thepubon, P. Choeisai, K. Choeisai, Kazuaki Syutsubo","doi":"10.32526/ennrj/21/202200210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32526/ennrj/21/202200210","url":null,"abstract":"A laboratory-scale, two-phase multi-staged up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (MS-UASB) treatment system was monitored over time in order to evaluate its treatment efficiency and performance when treating non-diluted industrial tapioca starch wastewater under ambient temperature in Thailand. The system consisted of an acidification (AC) reactor and MS-UASB reactor and was operated for 280 days. The two-phase MS-UASB achieved a maximum organic loading rate (OLR) of 8 kg-COD/m3/day for the overall system and reached 80.5% of chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency. Based on the inlet wastewater of each reactor, the AC reactor removed 61.85% of suspended solids and achieved acidification of the wastewater to produce volatile fatty acids at over 50%. Meanwhile, the MS-UASB reactor achieved 74.5% COD removal efficiency. Further analysis found that the increase in soluble extracellular polymeric substances per bound extracellular polymeric substances (S-EPS/B-EPS) was related to the floating sludge phenomenon, which occurred under excess OLR condition.","PeriodicalId":11784,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Natural Resources Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43560604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-30DOI: 10.32526/ennrj/21/202200104
Thichakorn Pudcha, Awassada Phongphiphat, K. Wangyao, S. Towprayoon
Forecasting municipal solid waste generation is crucial in planning for effective and sustainable waste management. Where data on waste are limited, the grey model (GM) has proven to be a useful tool for forecasting. This study applied GM for forecasting municipal solid waste generation in Thailand up to 2030, based on a dataset from 2011-2018. Both univariate models and multivariate models with four influencing factors (population density, gross domestic product per capita, household expenditure, and household size) were tested. The GM (1,1)-0.1 and GM (1,3) provided the lowest prediction errors among all models. Based on these models, waste generation in 2030 was projected to be 84,070-95,728 tonnes/day (1.23-1.40 kg/capita/day), an approximately 10-25% increase compared to 2018. In a business-as-usual scenario, there would be 6,404,848 tonnes of improperly treated waste by 2030, resulting in greenhouse gas emissions from its disposal of up to 2,600 GgCO2e. This amount of waste is equivalent to 380 MWe of electricity; therefore, it should receive more attention. Results show that the improved management of improperly treated waste would help Thailand reach its waste-to-energy production target of 500 MW by 2036. Furthermore, diverting this portion of waste from open dump sites would directly reduce greenhouse gas emissions from the waste sector more than the set target of Thailand’s Nationally Determined Contribution Roadmap on Mitigation 2021-2030 (1,300 GgCO2e).
{"title":"Forecasting Municipal Solid Waste Generation in Thailand with Grey Modellin","authors":"Thichakorn Pudcha, Awassada Phongphiphat, K. Wangyao, S. Towprayoon","doi":"10.32526/ennrj/21/202200104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32526/ennrj/21/202200104","url":null,"abstract":"Forecasting municipal solid waste generation is crucial in planning for effective and sustainable waste management. Where data on waste are limited, the grey model (GM) has proven to be a useful tool for forecasting. This study applied GM for forecasting municipal solid waste generation in Thailand up to 2030, based on a dataset from 2011-2018. Both univariate models and multivariate models with four influencing factors (population density, gross domestic product per capita, household expenditure, and household size) were tested. The GM (1,1)-0.1 and GM (1,3) provided the lowest prediction errors among all models. Based on these models, waste generation in 2030 was projected to be 84,070-95,728 tonnes/day (1.23-1.40 kg/capita/day), an approximately 10-25% increase compared to 2018. In a business-as-usual scenario, there would be 6,404,848 tonnes of improperly treated waste by 2030, resulting in greenhouse gas emissions from its disposal of up to 2,600 GgCO2e. This amount of waste is equivalent to 380 MWe of electricity; therefore, it should receive more attention. Results show that the improved management of improperly treated waste would help Thailand reach its waste-to-energy production target of 500 MW by 2036. Furthermore, diverting this portion of waste from open dump sites would directly reduce greenhouse gas emissions from the waste sector more than the set target of Thailand’s Nationally Determined Contribution Roadmap on Mitigation 2021-2030 (1,300 GgCO2e).","PeriodicalId":11784,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Natural Resources Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48807639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-25DOI: 10.32526/ennrj/21/202200175
B. Neupane, N. Gautam, M. S. Miya, Anju Upadhyaya, Y. Timilsina, D. Gautam, Shalikram Kandel, Bijaya Dhami
Non-timber forest products (NTFPs) contribute to livelihood of rural communities which is influenced by numerous socio-economic variables. This study assessed the financial contribution of Zanthoxylum armatum and the influence of respondents’ various socio-economic characteristics on such contribution in Ghatan of Beni Municipality, Myagdi District, Nepal. For this study, we used semi-structured questionnaires to 80 purposively selected households, followed by 10 key informant interviews, four focus group discussions, and direct field observations. A Pearson correlation matrix was used to determine the dependence of several socio-economic variables on average annual household income from the sale of Z. armatum. The average annual income per household from the sale of Z. armatum was found to be the highest (494 USD) in Brahmin/Chhetri households and the lowest (372 USD) in Dalit households. Among five variables used in the regression model, only three of them: land holding size (khet), time taken to harvest (days), and wealth ranking (rich) were found positively significant with p-values of 0.042, 0.000, and 0.064 respectively. Whereas, the education status of the respondents (literate) and the main income source (agriculture) were found negatively significant with p-values of 0.046 and 0.064, respectively. Furthermore, we believe that this result will help to promote the conservation of Z. armatum and other valuable medicinal plants as well as their sustainable management in the study area and similar areas.
{"title":"Socio-Economic Contribution of Zanthoxylum armatum (Timur) in the Rural Household Income of Myagdi District, Nepal","authors":"B. Neupane, N. Gautam, M. S. Miya, Anju Upadhyaya, Y. Timilsina, D. Gautam, Shalikram Kandel, Bijaya Dhami","doi":"10.32526/ennrj/21/202200175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32526/ennrj/21/202200175","url":null,"abstract":"Non-timber forest products (NTFPs) contribute to livelihood of rural communities which is influenced by numerous socio-economic variables. This study assessed the financial contribution of Zanthoxylum armatum and the influence of respondents’ various socio-economic characteristics on such contribution in Ghatan of Beni Municipality, Myagdi District, Nepal. For this study, we used semi-structured questionnaires to 80 purposively selected households, followed by 10 key informant interviews, four focus group discussions, and direct field observations. A Pearson correlation matrix was used to determine the dependence of several socio-economic variables on average annual household income from the sale of Z. armatum. The average annual income per household from the sale of Z. armatum was found to be the highest (494 USD) in Brahmin/Chhetri households and the lowest (372 USD) in Dalit households. Among five variables used in the regression model, only three of them: land holding size (khet), time taken to harvest (days), and wealth ranking (rich) were found positively significant with p-values of 0.042, 0.000, and 0.064 respectively. Whereas, the education status of the respondents (literate) and the main income source (agriculture) were found negatively significant with p-values of 0.046 and 0.064, respectively. Furthermore, we believe that this result will help to promote the conservation of Z. armatum and other valuable medicinal plants as well as their sustainable management in the study area and similar areas.","PeriodicalId":11784,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Natural Resources Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45096789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-23DOI: 10.32526/ennrj/21/202200192
Mauizatul Hasanah, A. Wijaya, F. Arsyad, R. Mohadi, A. Lesbani
In this study, fruit peel-based magnetic (M-Sp) and hydrochar-based magnetic (M-HSp) materials were successfully synthesized by hydrothermal and magnetization treatments. Characterization using X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry, and scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy confirmed their successful synthesis. The materials were applied as adsorbents for the removal of malachite green (MG) dye. Equilibrium adsorption occurred at 90 min according to the PSO kinetic model, and the adsorption followed the Langmuir isotherm. The adsorption capacity of the materials was improved by the hydrothermal and magnetic treatments compared to that of the untreated initial material. The adsorption capacities of M-Sp and M-HSp were 69.444 and 88.889 mg/g, respectively. The M-Sp and M-HSp adsorbents could be reused for up to four regeneration cycles compared to the three cycles for the initial material. The adsorption mechanism of MG dye by the M-Sp and M-HSp adsorbents was suggested to occur via hydrogen bond, electrostatic, π-π, and physical interactions. The magnetic materials prepared in this study had a high adsorption capacity and adsorbent reusability, rendering them promising for use in dye removal and to facilitate separation between adsorbents and adsorbates.
{"title":"Preparation of C-based Magnetic Materials from Fruit Peel and Hydrochar using Snake Fruit (Salacca zalacca) Peel as Adsorbents for the Removal of Malachite Green Dye","authors":"Mauizatul Hasanah, A. Wijaya, F. Arsyad, R. Mohadi, A. Lesbani","doi":"10.32526/ennrj/21/202200192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32526/ennrj/21/202200192","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, fruit peel-based magnetic (M-Sp) and hydrochar-based magnetic (M-HSp) materials were successfully synthesized by hydrothermal and magnetization treatments. Characterization using X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry, and scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy confirmed their successful synthesis. The materials were applied as adsorbents for the removal of malachite green (MG) dye. Equilibrium adsorption occurred at 90 min according to the PSO kinetic model, and the adsorption followed the Langmuir isotherm. The adsorption capacity of the materials was improved by the hydrothermal and magnetic treatments compared to that of the untreated initial material. The adsorption capacities of M-Sp and M-HSp were 69.444 and 88.889 mg/g, respectively. The M-Sp and M-HSp adsorbents could be reused for up to four regeneration cycles compared to the three cycles for the initial material. The adsorption mechanism of MG dye by the M-Sp and M-HSp adsorbents was suggested to occur via hydrogen bond, electrostatic, π-π, and physical interactions. The magnetic materials prepared in this study had a high adsorption capacity and adsorbent reusability, rendering them promising for use in dye removal and to facilitate separation between adsorbents and adsorbates.","PeriodicalId":11784,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Natural Resources Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41438017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-02DOI: 10.32526/ennrj/21/202200121
Sitthisak Pinmongkhonkul, Warin Boonriam, W. Madhyamapurush, N. Iamchuen, Panupong Chaiwongsaen, Dej Mann, Prathakphong Riyamongkol, K. Seetapan, S. Hasin
Restoration of watershed forest ecosystems can perform different disturbance regimes over remnant forests, which can ultimately affect plant diversity, soil formation, and carbon storage. To address an issue, this study assessed tree species diversity, aboveground biomass (AGB), and aboveground carbon (AGC) storage of the watershed forest in Phayao Province, Thailand. Data collection was conducted in 18 plots along nine watersheds along the topographic gradients. Tree height and diameter at breast height (DBH) were collected. AGB of vegetation was estimated by using the allometric equation. Likewise, AGC storage was evaluated from half of AGB. A total of 133 species belonging to 105 genera and 39 families were recorded from the watershed forests (1.8 ha). Mixed deciduous forest (MDF) and dry evergreen forest (DEF) exhibited high density and high diversity index, respectively. The highest value of total AGC storage was found in the MDF with 91.2 ton C/ha, following by DEF (78.3 ton C/ha) and dry dipterocarp forest (DDF) (60.5 ton C/ha). Detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) revealed that the occurrences of Albizia saman, Hopea odorata, Lagerstroemia calyculata, and Acrocarpus fraxinifolius related to AGB, AGC, slope, and tree canopy in the DEF. Intensity of slope influenced tree species occurrence in the watershed forest of Phayao.
{"title":"Species Diversity, Aboveground Biomass, and Carbon Storage of Watershed Forest in Phayao Province, Thailand","authors":"Sitthisak Pinmongkhonkul, Warin Boonriam, W. Madhyamapurush, N. Iamchuen, Panupong Chaiwongsaen, Dej Mann, Prathakphong Riyamongkol, K. Seetapan, S. Hasin","doi":"10.32526/ennrj/21/202200121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32526/ennrj/21/202200121","url":null,"abstract":"Restoration of watershed forest ecosystems can perform different disturbance regimes over remnant forests, which can ultimately affect plant diversity, soil formation, and carbon storage. To address an issue, this study assessed tree species diversity, aboveground biomass (AGB), and aboveground carbon (AGC) storage of the watershed forest in Phayao Province, Thailand. Data collection was conducted in 18 plots along nine watersheds along the topographic gradients. Tree height and diameter at breast height (DBH) were collected. AGB of vegetation was estimated by using the allometric equation. Likewise, AGC storage was evaluated from half of AGB. A total of 133 species belonging to 105 genera and 39 families were recorded from the watershed forests (1.8 ha). Mixed deciduous forest (MDF) and dry evergreen forest (DEF) exhibited high density and high diversity index, respectively. The highest value of total AGC storage was found in the MDF with 91.2 ton C/ha, following by DEF (78.3 ton C/ha) and dry dipterocarp forest (DDF) (60.5 ton C/ha). Detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) revealed that the occurrences of Albizia saman, Hopea odorata, Lagerstroemia calyculata, and Acrocarpus fraxinifolius related to AGB, AGC, slope, and tree canopy in the DEF. Intensity of slope influenced tree species occurrence in the watershed forest of Phayao.","PeriodicalId":11784,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Natural Resources Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47863642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-31DOI: 10.32526/ennrj/21/202200146
Amara Apilux, Thitiporn Thongkam, Thitaporn Tusai, Phasit Petisiwaveth, S. Kladsomboon
This study determined the extent of heavy metal contamination of local fruit in Rayong, Thailand, an area where an industrial base is adjacent to agricultural areas. Dietary exposure to agricultural products grown in contaminated areas can cause multiple adverse effects to the human body. In order to avoid such undesirable effects, concentrations of heavy metals [arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn)] were investigated in popular tropical fruits from three districts of Rayong, namely Wang Chan, Klang and Mueang. The levels of heavy metals were determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and cold vapor-atomic absorption spectrometry (CV-AAS). Levels of the six heavy metals in sampled fruits (durian, jackfruit, pineapple, rambutan, long kong, and mangosteen) were in the range of 0.0004-6.7095 mg/kg; 16.7% of fruit samples exceeded maximum permissible limits of Pb. Based on health risk assessments, values of estimated daily intake (EDI) were less than those of maximum tolerable daily intake. However, for non-carcinogenic risks, high hazard index (HI) values were found in some markets while for carcinogenic risks (CRs), CR values of three fruits (durian, jackfruit, and mangosteen) exceeded acceptable levels. Therefore, long-term fruit consumption could impact health of local consumers. These results provided insight into the need for regular monitoring of heavy metal concentrations in potentially contaminated fruits and for prevention of its potential effects.
{"title":"Determination of Heavy Metal Residues in Tropical Fruits near Industrial Estates in Rayong Province, Thailand: A Risk Assessment Study","authors":"Amara Apilux, Thitiporn Thongkam, Thitaporn Tusai, Phasit Petisiwaveth, S. Kladsomboon","doi":"10.32526/ennrj/21/202200146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32526/ennrj/21/202200146","url":null,"abstract":"This study determined the extent of heavy metal contamination of local fruit in Rayong, Thailand, an area where an industrial base is adjacent to agricultural areas. Dietary exposure to agricultural products grown in contaminated areas can cause multiple adverse effects to the human body. In order to avoid such undesirable effects, concentrations of heavy metals [arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn)] were investigated in popular tropical fruits from three districts of Rayong, namely Wang Chan, Klang and Mueang. The levels of heavy metals were determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and cold vapor-atomic absorption spectrometry (CV-AAS). Levels of the six heavy metals in sampled fruits (durian, jackfruit, pineapple, rambutan, long kong, and mangosteen) were in the range of 0.0004-6.7095 mg/kg; 16.7% of fruit samples exceeded maximum permissible limits of Pb. Based on health risk assessments, values of estimated daily intake (EDI) were less than those of maximum tolerable daily intake. However, for non-carcinogenic risks, high hazard index (HI) values were found in some markets while for carcinogenic risks (CRs), CR values of three fruits (durian, jackfruit, and mangosteen) exceeded acceptable levels. Therefore, long-term fruit consumption could impact health of local consumers. These results provided insight into the need for regular monitoring of heavy metal concentrations in potentially contaminated fruits and for prevention of its potential effects.","PeriodicalId":11784,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Natural Resources Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42126737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-12DOI: 10.32526/ennrj/21/202200103
M. Malovanyy, V. Zhuk, I. Tymchuk, Ruslan Grechanik, V. Sliusar, N. Vronska, Anastasiya Marakhovska, Andriy Sereda
Results of experimental pilot-scale study of aerobic pre-treatment of the leachate of the Hrybovychi municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill (Ukraine) in batch reactor mode and in semi-continuous mode are presented. The dependencies of key pollution indicators, namely biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, pH, suspended solids, and total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), during a 30-day periodical aeration process were obtained. The first 15 days treatment was in the batch reactor mode treating an initial volume of raw leachate. The second 15 days treatment was in a semi-continuous reactor mode: 400 L of aerobically pre-treated leachate were pumped to the next treatment stage and consequently the same volume of raw leachate was added in the bioreactor tank. Aerobic biological treatment of Hrybovychi landfill leachate using the developed method achieved significant treatment effects, namely 55.3% of the total Kjeldahl nitrogen, 27% of COD, 70.2% of BOD5 and 66.5% of BODtot. Time dependences of TKN, COD, BOD5, and BODtot are well fitted by simple exponential trends, which correspond to first-order reactions. Landfill leachate, aerobically pre-treated in the pilot-scale treatment unit, can be discharged for final treatment to the bio-plateau or to the wastewater treatment plant.
{"title":"Pilot-Scale Modelling of Aerated Lagoon Technology for the Treatment of Landfill Leachate: Case Study Hrybovychi Plant","authors":"M. Malovanyy, V. Zhuk, I. Tymchuk, Ruslan Grechanik, V. Sliusar, N. Vronska, Anastasiya Marakhovska, Andriy Sereda","doi":"10.32526/ennrj/21/202200103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32526/ennrj/21/202200103","url":null,"abstract":"Results of experimental pilot-scale study of aerobic pre-treatment of the leachate of the Hrybovychi municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill (Ukraine) in batch reactor mode and in semi-continuous mode are presented. The dependencies of key pollution indicators, namely biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, pH, suspended solids, and total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), during a 30-day periodical aeration process were obtained. The first 15 days treatment was in the batch reactor mode treating an initial volume of raw leachate. The second 15 days treatment was in a semi-continuous reactor mode: 400 L of aerobically pre-treated leachate were pumped to the next treatment stage and consequently the same volume of raw leachate was added in the bioreactor tank. Aerobic biological treatment of Hrybovychi landfill leachate using the developed method achieved significant treatment effects, namely 55.3% of the total Kjeldahl nitrogen, 27% of COD, 70.2% of BOD5 and 66.5% of BODtot. Time dependences of TKN, COD, BOD5, and BODtot are well fitted by simple exponential trends, which correspond to first-order reactions. Landfill leachate, aerobically pre-treated in the pilot-scale treatment unit, can be discharged for final treatment to the bio-plateau or to the wastewater treatment plant.","PeriodicalId":11784,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Natural Resources Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45888102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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