Pub Date : 2012-07-01DOI: 10.5053/EJOBIOS.2012.6.0.4
S. Kaushik, Anand Kumar Pushker, S. Lakhanpaul, Kewal KrishanSharma, R. Ramani
Background: Kerria lacca, the Indian lac insect, is a phytophagous (sap-feeding) insect thriving on mostly woody dicotyledonous plants. Of more than 400 plant species known to be likely hosts for the lac insect, about 113 host species are found to be successfully infested by the lac insect in India. Architecture of the plant tissue might be a crucial factor for these sap feeders, because for successful establishment, the insect has to pierce the plant tissue to reach the feeding site, viz., the phloem or the xylem tissue. Materials and Methods: Twenty-two diverse host plant taxa classified on the basis of lac yield and insect preference were considered. Anatomical and statistical studies were conducted using distance to the phloem from the stem periphery as a parameter. Results: Statistical observations showed that host preference and lac yield is independent of phloem distance. Conclusions: Other factors such as the contents of carbon, nitrogen, or certain secondary metabolites present in the host plant may be involved in lac insect-plant interaction, which warrant further investigation.
{"title":"Investigations on some of the important host plants of Kerria lacca with reference to phloem distance","authors":"S. Kaushik, Anand Kumar Pushker, S. Lakhanpaul, Kewal KrishanSharma, R. Ramani","doi":"10.5053/EJOBIOS.2012.6.0.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2012.6.0.4","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Kerria lacca, the Indian lac insect, is a phytophagous (sap-feeding) insect thriving on mostly woody dicotyledonous plants. Of more than 400 plant species known to be likely hosts for the lac insect, about 113 host species are found to be successfully infested by the lac insect in India. Architecture of the plant tissue might be a crucial factor for these sap feeders, because for successful establishment, the insect has to pierce the plant tissue to reach the feeding site, viz., the phloem or the xylem tissue. \u0000Materials and Methods: Twenty-two diverse host plant taxa classified on the basis of lac yield and insect preference were considered. Anatomical and statistical studies were conducted using distance to the phloem from the stem periphery as a parameter. \u0000Results: Statistical observations showed that host preference and lac yield is independent of phloem distance. \u0000Conclusions: Other factors such as the contents of carbon, nitrogen, or certain secondary metabolites present in the host plant may be involved in lac insect-plant interaction, which warrant further investigation.","PeriodicalId":11848,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2012.6.0.4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70599767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-07-01DOI: 10.5053/EJOBIOS.2012.6.0.9
M. A. Elouaer, C. Hannachi
Background: Salinity affect germination and seedling growth of several crop species, many techniques are used to improve tolerance and development of plants. Priming is an effective technique that improves germination of several vegetables crop under saline condition. That's why, this experiment was carried to study the effect of seed priming with 5 g/L NaCI and KCI on germination and seedlings growth of safflower {Carthamus tinctorius) exposed to five levels of salinity (0, 5,10,15 and 20 g/L). Materials and Methods: Safflower seeds were soaked in solutions of NaCI (5 g/L for 12 h) and KCI (5 g/L for 24 h) at 20°C. Primed and non primed seeds were put to germinate in petri dishes and irrigated with saline solutions of five concentrations of NaCI (0, 5,10,15 and 20 g/L). Results: NaCI and KCI priming have improved germination parameters (germination percentage, mean germination time, germination index and coefficient of velocity) and growth parameters (radicle and seedling length, seedling fresh and dry weight and Vigour Index) of safflower under saline condition. Conclusions: The present study revealed that, under salt stress, NaCI and KCI priming could be used as a method to improve safflower seed germination. However, further studies are needed to highlight effects of NaCI and KCI seed priming on future growth and development of the culture.
{"title":"Seed priming to improve germination and seedling growth of safflower {Carthamus tinctorius) under salt stress","authors":"M. A. Elouaer, C. Hannachi","doi":"10.5053/EJOBIOS.2012.6.0.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2012.6.0.9","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Salinity affect germination and seedling growth of several crop species, many techniques are used to improve tolerance and development of plants. Priming is an effective technique that improves germination of several vegetables crop under saline condition. That's why, this experiment was carried to study the effect of seed priming with 5 g/L NaCI and KCI on germination and seedlings growth of safflower {Carthamus tinctorius) exposed to five levels of salinity (0, 5,10,15 and 20 g/L). \u0000Materials and Methods: Safflower seeds were soaked in solutions of NaCI (5 g/L for 12 h) and KCI (5 g/L for 24 h) at 20°C. Primed and non primed seeds were put to germinate in petri dishes and irrigated with saline solutions of five concentrations of NaCI (0, 5,10,15 and 20 g/L). \u0000Results: NaCI and KCI priming have improved germination parameters (germination percentage, mean germination time, germination index and coefficient of velocity) and growth parameters (radicle and seedling length, seedling fresh and dry weight and Vigour Index) of safflower under saline condition. \u0000Conclusions: The present study revealed that, under salt stress, NaCI and KCI priming could be used as a method to improve safflower seed germination. However, further studies are needed to highlight effects of NaCI and KCI seed priming on future growth and development of the culture.","PeriodicalId":11848,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2012.6.0.9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70600028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-07-01DOI: 10.5053/EJOBIOS.2012.6.0.11
S. Razavi
Background: Prangos ferulaceae (Apiaceae) is a perennial herb indigenous to Iran where it is used as a medicinal plant. In folk medicine, extracts of the roots and fruits of the plant have been used for the treatment of digestive disorders, healing scars, and to stop bleeding. In the present work, we report the presence of some phenolic compounds from the aerial parts of the plant. Materials and Methods: The air-dried powder of Prangos ferulaceae leaves were Soxhlet extracted, successively, with n-hexane, dichloromethane, and methanol. A portion of concentrated residue of methanol extract was fractionated with an SPE-C18 cartridge using different mixtures of methanolwater. The 40% methanol fraction was analyzed by preparative HPLC using a methanol and water gradient to afford 4 compounds. Results: The purified compounds using preparative HPLC were: a glucosilated coumarin, celereoside and three flavonoids, quercetin 3-O-β-glucoside, isorhamnetin 3-O-β-glucoside, and isorhamnetin 3-O-glucorhamnoside. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by UV, IR, 1D, and 2 D NMR spectral data. Quercetin glucoside and isorhamnetin glucoside exhibited strong antioxidant activity in the DPPH test with an RC50 value of 36.2 and 64.4 μg/mL respectively. Conclusions: It can be concluded that the P. ferulaceae aerial parts contain antioxidant flavonoids and furanocoumarins and that the plants bioactivities and medicinal potential might be attributed to presence of these compounds.
{"title":"Phenolic compounds from the aerial parts of Prangos ferulaceae, with antioxidant activity","authors":"S. Razavi","doi":"10.5053/EJOBIOS.2012.6.0.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2012.6.0.11","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Prangos ferulaceae (Apiaceae) is a perennial herb indigenous to Iran where it is used as a medicinal plant. In folk medicine, extracts of the roots and fruits of the plant have been used for the treatment of digestive disorders, healing scars, and to stop bleeding. In the present work, we report the presence of some phenolic compounds from the aerial parts of the plant. \u0000Materials and Methods: The air-dried powder of Prangos ferulaceae leaves were Soxhlet extracted, successively, with n-hexane, dichloromethane, and methanol. A portion of concentrated residue of methanol extract was fractionated with an SPE-C18 cartridge using different mixtures of methanolwater. The 40% methanol fraction was analyzed by preparative HPLC using a methanol and water gradient to afford 4 compounds. \u0000Results: The purified compounds using preparative HPLC were: a glucosilated coumarin, celereoside and three flavonoids, quercetin 3-O-β-glucoside, isorhamnetin 3-O-β-glucoside, and isorhamnetin 3-O-glucorhamnoside. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by UV, IR, 1D, and 2 D NMR spectral data. Quercetin glucoside and isorhamnetin glucoside exhibited strong antioxidant activity in the DPPH test with an RC50 value of 36.2 and 64.4 μg/mL respectively. \u0000Conclusions: It can be concluded that the P. ferulaceae aerial parts contain antioxidant flavonoids and furanocoumarins and that the plants bioactivities and medicinal potential might be attributed to presence of these compounds.","PeriodicalId":11848,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2012.6.0.11","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70599802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-07-01DOI: 10.5053/EJOBIOS.2012.6.0.15
N. Kızıldağ, Husniye Aka Sagliker, Ahu Kutlay, Şahin Cenkseven, C. Darıcı
Background: Salt-affected soils occupy wide areas that have ecological importance in semi-arid and arid regions. Excessive amounts of salt have adverse effects on soil physical and chemical properties and also on the microbiological processes. The soils of Pinus maritima, Pinus pinea, and Eucalyptus camaldulensis were found to be under salinity stress in the present study area. Thus, the carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus contents, microbial biomass, and carbon mineralization were determined in the soils sampled from the Tarsus-Karabucak Forest of the Eastern Mediterranean Region (Turkey). Method: Carbon mineralization of all samples was measured by the CO2 respiration method over 30 d at 28°C and constant moisture. Results: There were no significant differences in the carbon mineralization among the soils. The average fungi count in 1 g of air dried soils of P. maritima, P. pinea, and E. camaldulensis were found to be a 72000 colony forming unit (cfu)/g, 25300 cfu/g, and 28500 cfu/g, respectively. The total bacterial counts were 4x103 cfu/g, 10x103 cfu/g, and 7x103 cfu/g and the counts of anaerobic bacteria were 17800 cfu/g, 42900 cfu/g, and 27300 cfu/g, respectively. Conclusions: It is possible to conclude that salt, as an ecological factor, had no effect on microbial activity. This may be as a result of heavy rains which decreased the salt concentrations of the soil in the sampling region.
{"title":"Some soil properties and microbial biomass of Pinus maritima, Pinus pinea and Eucalyptus camaldulensis from the Eastern Mediterranean coasts","authors":"N. Kızıldağ, Husniye Aka Sagliker, Ahu Kutlay, Şahin Cenkseven, C. Darıcı","doi":"10.5053/EJOBIOS.2012.6.0.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2012.6.0.15","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Salt-affected soils occupy wide areas that have ecological importance in semi-arid and arid regions. Excessive amounts of salt have adverse effects on soil physical and chemical properties and also on the microbiological processes. The soils of Pinus maritima, Pinus pinea, and Eucalyptus camaldulensis were found to be under salinity stress in the present study area. Thus, the carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus contents, microbial biomass, and carbon mineralization were determined in the soils sampled from the Tarsus-Karabucak Forest of the Eastern Mediterranean Region (Turkey). \u0000Method: Carbon mineralization of all samples was measured by the CO2 respiration method over 30 d at 28°C and constant moisture. \u0000Results: There were no significant differences in the carbon mineralization among the soils. The average fungi count in 1 g of air dried soils of P. maritima, P. pinea, and E. camaldulensis were found to be a 72000 colony forming unit (cfu)/g, 25300 cfu/g, and 28500 cfu/g, respectively. The total bacterial counts were 4x103 cfu/g, 10x103 cfu/g, and 7x103 cfu/g and the counts of anaerobic bacteria were 17800 cfu/g, 42900 cfu/g, and 27300 cfu/g, respectively. \u0000Conclusions: It is possible to conclude that salt, as an ecological factor, had no effect on microbial activity. This may be as a result of heavy rains which decreased the salt concentrations of the soil in the sampling region.","PeriodicalId":11848,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2012.6.0.15","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70599706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-07-01DOI: 10.5053/EJOBIOS.2012.6.0.12
C. Yıldırım, N. Karavin, A. Cansaran
Background: Functional traits play important roles in plant growth and survival. According to functional traits, there are several classification types for plants such as adaptive and demographic strategies. Materials and Methods: In this study, eight endemic taxa were collected from the Amasya Kirklar Mountain in Turkey and were classified and evaluated by Grime's CSR (Competitive, Stress tolerant, Ruderal) strategy scheme. Results: These plants are in the LR(lc) (Lower risk/least concern) red list category and they are hemicryptophytes according to Raunkiaer's life forms. The CSR strategies of Asyneuma limonifolium subsp. pestalozzae, Digitalis lamarckii, and Paracaryum ancyritanum were CR, Linaria corifolia and Scutellaria salviifolia were CR/CSR, Phlomis armeniaca was C/CR, and Sideritis dichotoma andJurinea pontica were SC. Conclusions: CR, CR/CSR, and C/CR plants are resistant to competition and disturbance such as grazing, trampling, mowing, soil erosion, and fire, whereas, SC are resistant to competition and stress, for example drought.
{"title":"Classification and evaluation of some endemic plants from Turkey using Grime's CSR strategies","authors":"C. Yıldırım, N. Karavin, A. Cansaran","doi":"10.5053/EJOBIOS.2012.6.0.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2012.6.0.12","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Functional traits play important roles in plant growth and survival. According to functional traits, there are several classification types for plants such as adaptive and demographic strategies. \u0000Materials and Methods: In this study, eight endemic taxa were collected from the Amasya Kirklar Mountain in Turkey and were classified and evaluated by Grime's CSR (Competitive, Stress tolerant, Ruderal) strategy scheme. \u0000Results: These plants are in the LR(lc) (Lower risk/least concern) red list category and they are hemicryptophytes according to Raunkiaer's life forms. The CSR strategies of Asyneuma limonifolium subsp. pestalozzae, Digitalis lamarckii, and Paracaryum ancyritanum were CR, Linaria corifolia and Scutellaria salviifolia were CR/CSR, Phlomis armeniaca was C/CR, and Sideritis dichotoma andJurinea pontica were SC. \u0000Conclusions: CR, CR/CSR, and C/CR plants are resistant to competition and disturbance such as grazing, trampling, mowing, soil erosion, and fire, whereas, SC are resistant to competition and stress, for example drought.","PeriodicalId":11848,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2012.6.0.12","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70599364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-07-01DOI: 10.5053/EJOBIOS.2012.6.0.14
M. Ayvaz, M. Koyuncu, Avni Guven, K. Fagerstedt
Background: When mineral nutrients are present in excess or in inadequate amounts, their effects can be severe in plants and can be considered as abiotic stress. In this study, we report how hormonal levels in barley cultivars respond to the toxic effect of boron, an essential plant micronutrient. Materials a n d Methods: Two different barley {Hordeum vulgare) cultivars (Vamik Hoca and Efes 98) were used as a study material. Boron was applied in three different concentrations (0,10, 20 ppm) to plants that had grown from seeds for four weeks. Plants were harvested, stem-root length and stem-root dry-fresh weight content were determined. For further analysis, chlorophyll, total protein, endogenic IAA and ABA content analyses were carried out. Results: According to the data obtained, plant growth and development decreased with increasing boron concentrations. With increasing boron concentrations, soluble total protein increased in both cultivars. Boron application led to increased endogenic IAA content in both cultivars. 10 and 20 ppm boron application led to increased endogenic ABA content in Vamik Hoca cultivar whereas endogenic ABA content decreased in Efes 98. Absence of boron application led to increased endogenic IAA and ABA content in both cultivars. Conclusions: As a result, the response to boron is different in the two cultivars and Efes 98 may be more resistant to the toxicity than Vamik Hoca cultivar.
{"title":"Does boron affect hormone levels of barley cultivars","authors":"M. Ayvaz, M. Koyuncu, Avni Guven, K. Fagerstedt","doi":"10.5053/EJOBIOS.2012.6.0.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2012.6.0.14","url":null,"abstract":"Background: When mineral nutrients are present in excess or in inadequate amounts, their effects can be severe in plants and can be considered as abiotic stress. In this study, we report how hormonal levels in barley cultivars respond to the toxic effect of boron, an essential plant micronutrient. \u0000Materials a n d Methods: Two different barley {Hordeum vulgare) cultivars (Vamik Hoca and Efes 98) were used as a study material. Boron was applied in three different concentrations (0,10, 20 ppm) to plants that had grown from seeds for four weeks. Plants were harvested, stem-root length and stem-root dry-fresh weight content were determined. For further analysis, chlorophyll, total protein, endogenic IAA and ABA content analyses were carried out. \u0000Results: According to the data obtained, plant growth and development decreased with increasing boron concentrations. With increasing boron concentrations, soluble total protein increased in both cultivars. Boron application led to increased endogenic IAA content in both cultivars. 10 and 20 ppm boron application led to increased endogenic ABA content in Vamik Hoca cultivar whereas endogenic ABA content decreased in Efes 98. Absence of boron application led to increased endogenic IAA and ABA content in both cultivars. \u0000Conclusions: As a result, the response to boron is different in the two cultivars and Efes 98 may be more resistant to the toxicity than Vamik Hoca cultivar.","PeriodicalId":11848,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2012.6.0.14","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70599592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-07-01DOI: 10.5053/EJOBIOS.2012.6.0.2
I. Ugulu, Y. Dogan, T. Kesercioğlu
Background: Increasing anthropogenic influences on the environment, especially urbanization, have caused adverse effects on the natural ecosystems. As a result, green campuses have become rare places where the characteristics of the area flora can be observed. In this context, the aim of the present study is to identify the floral richness of the campus of the Buca Faculty of Education (BEF), an important floristic area within the city of Izmir, and to clarify how this richness is used in the educational processes. Method: The study was carried out between the periods 2008-2010. Plants growing on the BEF Campus constitute the research material. Plants growing on the campus were examined, necessary samples were collected. After the determination of plants, how they were used in B.Sc, M.Sc. and Ph.D. classes was investigated. For this purpose, interviews were performed with seven teaching staff from the Buca Faculty of Education Department of Biology. Results: A total of 108 plant taxa belonging to 52 families were identified in the campus area. Further study of the families showed that the family Rosaceae is represented by the highest number of taxa, fourteen, followed by Fabaceae represented by nine taxa. In addition, according to opinions of the academic staff, different ways of using such plants in training were identified and discussed. Conclusion: A principal conclusion to be drawn is that a general programme in Applied Biology and Ethnobotany should be made available to all students. When the increase of plant usage for medicinal purposes in recent years is taken into consideration, field studies related especially to ethnobotany can be a very useful specialisation for M.Sc. and Ph.D. students. It would be beneficial for graduates in a variety of disciplines, including Botany, as well as Agriculture, Anthropology, Forestry, Medicine, Pharmacology, Sociology, and others.
{"title":"The vascular plants of Buca Faculty of Education Campus (Izmir): Contribution to educational practices","authors":"I. Ugulu, Y. Dogan, T. Kesercioğlu","doi":"10.5053/EJOBIOS.2012.6.0.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2012.6.0.2","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Increasing anthropogenic influences on the environment, especially urbanization, have caused adverse effects on the natural ecosystems. As a result, green campuses have become rare places where the characteristics of the area flora can be observed. In this context, the aim of the present study is to identify the floral richness of the campus of the Buca Faculty of Education (BEF), an important floristic area within the city of Izmir, and to clarify how this richness is used in the educational processes. \u0000Method: The study was carried out between the periods 2008-2010. Plants growing on the BEF Campus constitute the research material. Plants growing on the campus were examined, necessary samples were collected. After the determination of plants, how they were used in B.Sc, M.Sc. and Ph.D. classes was investigated. For this purpose, interviews were performed with seven teaching staff from the Buca Faculty of Education Department of Biology. \u0000Results: A total of 108 plant taxa belonging to 52 families were identified in the campus area. Further study of the families showed that the family Rosaceae is represented by the highest number of taxa, fourteen, followed by Fabaceae represented by nine taxa. In addition, according to opinions of the academic staff, different ways of using such plants in training were identified and discussed. \u0000Conclusion: A principal conclusion to be drawn is that a general programme in Applied Biology and Ethnobotany should be made available to all students. When the increase of plant usage for medicinal purposes in recent years is taken into consideration, field studies related especially to ethnobotany can be a very useful specialisation for M.Sc. and Ph.D. students. It would be beneficial for graduates in a variety of disciplines, including Botany, as well as Agriculture, Anthropology, Forestry, Medicine, Pharmacology, Sociology, and others.","PeriodicalId":11848,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2012.6.0.2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70599482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-07-01DOI: 10.5053/EJOBIOS.2012.6.0.7
A. Nedelcheva
Background: Asian medicinal plants are an integral part of the Bulgarian traditions and folk botanical knowledge and as from the past until now, have their place in the Bulgarian market. In the last decade the interest in new plant-based products has increased. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted with the aim to bring out the facts about the diversity of Asian medicinal plants, present in medicinal plant-based products that are recently available on the Bulgarian market. The survey data was gathered during a period of 7 years (2003-2010) from the main national databases that contain information about herbal medicines and interviews, along with field-collected data. Results: More than 185 species of medicinal plants, belonging to 38 families and 137 genera were registered. Only twenty species were found to be used mostly in plant-based products for example Panax ginseng, Eleuterococcus senticosus, Ginkgo bilоba, Camellia sinensis, Zingiber officinale, Rhodiola rosea, Euphorbia pallasii, Scutelaria baicalensis, Garcinia cambogia, Hibiscus spp., Cinnamomum verum, Piper nigrum, Curcuma zedoaria, Syzigium aromaticum, etc. Most of them can be compounds of plant extract products, herbal remedies, spices, food and food additives, which are mainly proved to be beneficial as immune stimulants, memory enhancers, antitumor agents, sedatives, aphrodisiacs, antimycotics, wellness tea, body weight reducers, stimulants, blood pressure reducers, etc. Conclusions: Some of the species were used in the past for different purposes, while others are completely unknown and exotic. The occurrence of new combinations and mixtures containing both traditional Bulgarian and Asian folk medicine herbs was observed. This particular way of development, of traditional medicine in modern life, is of special interest to the ethnobotanists and is discussed further in the study.
{"title":"Traditional knowledge and modern trends for Asian medicinal plants in Bulgaria from an ethnobotanical view","authors":"A. Nedelcheva","doi":"10.5053/EJOBIOS.2012.6.0.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2012.6.0.7","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Asian medicinal plants are an integral part of the Bulgarian traditions and folk botanical knowledge and as from the past until now, have their place in the Bulgarian market. In the last decade the interest in new plant-based products has increased. \u0000Materials and Methods: This study was conducted with the aim to bring out the facts about the diversity of Asian medicinal plants, present in medicinal plant-based products that are recently available on the Bulgarian market. The survey data was gathered during a period of 7 years (2003-2010) from the main national databases that contain information about herbal medicines and interviews, along with field-collected data. \u0000Results: More than 185 species of medicinal plants, belonging to 38 families and 137 genera were registered. Only twenty species were found to be used mostly in plant-based products for example Panax ginseng, Eleuterococcus senticosus, Ginkgo bilоba, Camellia sinensis, Zingiber officinale, Rhodiola rosea, Euphorbia pallasii, Scutelaria baicalensis, Garcinia cambogia, Hibiscus spp., Cinnamomum verum, Piper nigrum, Curcuma zedoaria, Syzigium aromaticum, etc. Most of them can be compounds of plant extract products, herbal remedies, spices, food and food additives, which are mainly proved to be beneficial as immune stimulants, memory enhancers, antitumor agents, sedatives, aphrodisiacs, antimycotics, wellness tea, body weight reducers, stimulants, blood pressure reducers, etc. \u0000Conclusions: Some of the species were used in the past for different purposes, while others are completely unknown and exotic. The occurrence of new combinations and mixtures containing both traditional Bulgarian and Asian folk medicine herbs was observed. This particular way of \u0000development, of traditional medicine in modern life, is of special interest to the ethnobotanists and is discussed further in the study.","PeriodicalId":11848,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2012.6.0.7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70599906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-07-01DOI: 10.5053/EJOBIOS.2012.6.0.5
Showkat Hussain Ganie, P. Srivastava, A. Narula, Z. Ali, M. Sharma
Background: "Shankhpushp i " , an important indigenous drug of Ayurveda, an ancient system of Indian medicine, improves memory power and intellect. It is used in many Ayurvedic formulations, either singly or in combination with other herbs, meant for sleeplessness, epilepsy, hallucinations and anxiety. At least three different plant species viz., Clitoria ternatea, Convolvulus pluricaulis and Evolvulus alsinoides are used as the source of this drug in the different parts of the country. Because of increased demand and high price, shankhpushp i is often adulterated in the trade by other related species. Therefore, a reliable authentication method is needed to facilitate differentiation/ identification of the genuine material from its adulterants. The present study was aimed at developing RAPD-based markers for identification of C. pluricaulis, E. alsinoides and C. ternatea, and analyzing the market samples of the drug to ascertain their authenticity. Materials and Methods: Fresh samples of source plants of shankhpushp i were collected from Ghaziabad and Delhi. The market samples were procured from the crude-drug markets of different geographical regions of India. The amplified polymorphic D N A (RAPD) technique was employed for characterization of genuine and market samples. Twenty-five 11 -mer oligonucleotide primers were used to amplify the D N A isolated. Results: Out of 25 primers, only four (OPN-03, OPN-04 , O P N 0 5 and OPN-06) yielded amplification products that produced clear and reproducible bands, which were used to characterize the market samples. RAPD profile of some market samples did not match with the authentic samples, indicating that these samples were either adulterated or spur ious. Conclus ions: The RAPD markers developed in this study may provide guidance for the authentication of plant materials traded as shankhpushp i .
{"title":"Authentication of shankhpushpi by RAPD markers","authors":"Showkat Hussain Ganie, P. Srivastava, A. Narula, Z. Ali, M. Sharma","doi":"10.5053/EJOBIOS.2012.6.0.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2012.6.0.5","url":null,"abstract":"Background: \"Shankhpushp i \" , an important indigenous drug of Ayurveda, an ancient system of Indian medicine, improves memory power and intellect. It is used in many Ayurvedic formulations, either singly or in combination with other herbs, meant for sleeplessness, epilepsy, hallucinations and anxiety. At least three different plant species viz., Clitoria ternatea, Convolvulus pluricaulis and Evolvulus alsinoides are used as the source of this drug in the different parts of the country. Because of increased demand and high price, shankhpushp i is often adulterated in the trade by other related species. Therefore, a reliable authentication method is needed to facilitate differentiation/ identification of the genuine material from its adulterants. The present study was aimed at developing RAPD-based markers for identification of C. pluricaulis, E. alsinoides and C. ternatea, and analyzing the market samples of the drug to ascertain their authenticity. Materials and Methods: Fresh samples of source plants of shankhpushp i were collected from Ghaziabad and Delhi. The market samples were procured from the crude-drug markets of different geographical regions of India. The amplified polymorphic D N A (RAPD) technique was employed for characterization of genuine and market samples. Twenty-five 11 -mer oligonucleotide primers were used to amplify the D N A isolated. Results: Out of 25 primers, only four (OPN-03, OPN-04 , O P N 0 5 and OPN-06) yielded amplification products that produced clear and reproducible bands, which were used to characterize the market samples. RAPD profile of some market samples did not match with the authentic samples, indicating that these samples were either adulterated or spur ious. Conclus ions: The RAPD markers developed in this study may provide guidance for the authentication of plant materials traded as shankhpushp i .","PeriodicalId":11848,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2012.6.0.5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70600205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-07-01DOI: 10.5053/EJOBIOS.2011.5.0.6
S. W. Goveas, R. Madtha, S. Nivas, L. D’Souza
Enumeration of the endophytic fungi from the red listed, critically endangered medicinal plant, Coscinium fenestratum was investigated for the first time. The ubiquitous presence of 41 endophytic fungi belonging to sixteen different taxa was identified from 195 samples of healthy leaves and stem using traditional morphological methods. The overall colonization rate of endophytes in both the leaf and the stem was found to be 21.02%.The stem showed low percentage frequency of colonization of the endophytic fungi when compared to leaf segments. Among the endophytic flora, Phomopsis jacquiniana was found to be the core-group fungus with a colonization frequency of 4.6%.
{"title":"Isolation of endophytic fungi from Coscinium fenestratum -a red listed endangered medicinal plant","authors":"S. W. Goveas, R. Madtha, S. Nivas, L. D’Souza","doi":"10.5053/EJOBIOS.2011.5.0.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2011.5.0.6","url":null,"abstract":"Enumeration of the endophytic fungi from the red listed, critically endangered medicinal plant, Coscinium fenestratum was investigated for the first time. The ubiquitous presence of 41 endophytic fungi belonging to sixteen different taxa was identified from 195 samples of healthy leaves and stem using traditional morphological methods. The overall colonization rate of endophytes in both the leaf and the stem was found to be 21.02%.The stem showed low percentage frequency of colonization of the endophytic fungi when compared to leaf segments. Among the endophytic flora, Phomopsis jacquiniana was found to be the core-group fungus with a colonization frequency of 4.6%.","PeriodicalId":11848,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2011.5.0.6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70599171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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