Pub Date : 2009-07-01DOI: 10.5053/EJOBIOS.2009.3.0.5
O. T. Yayintas
In this study, 286 plant specimens were collected and identified from the Yilanli Mountain region. In additionally 107 taxa, belonging to 18 families and 52 genera, were found. Among these, 12 liverworts species were defined. In addition 29 taxa are new records for square C11 according to the Henderson 1961 grid system.
{"title":"A contribution to the bryophyte flora of southwestern Turkey: Bryophyte flora of Yilanli Mountain (Mugla-Turkey)","authors":"O. T. Yayintas","doi":"10.5053/EJOBIOS.2009.3.0.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2009.3.0.5","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, 286 plant specimens were collected and identified from the Yilanli Mountain region. In additionally 107 taxa, belonging to 18 families and 52 genera, were found. Among these, 12 liverworts species were defined. In addition 29 taxa are new records for square C11 according to the Henderson 1961 grid system.","PeriodicalId":11848,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2009.3.0.5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70596891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-07-01DOI: 10.5053/EJOBIOS.2009.3.0.2
Hao Zhang, M. Qiu, Gen-xuan Wang, Y. Gan, Kefeng Zheng, Xu-guo Yao
Stomatal oscillation has been described as an efficient mechanism to prevent water loss, decrease the transpiration rate and to improve water use efficiency under severe drought conditions. Former researches demonstrated that ABA-induced H2O2 production and H2O2activated Ca 2+ channels were important mechanism for ABA-induced stomatal oscillation. In this study, how sensitivity to abscisic acid (ABA) regulates stomatal oscillation was investigated with Arabidopsis thaliana mutants (abi1-1, insensitivity to ABA and era1-2, hypersensitive to ABA) and wild types. The results showed that (1) hypersensitivity to ABA strengthens stomatal oscillation and closure induced by ABA; (2) insensitivity to ABA abolishes stomatal oscillation and closure induced by ABA; and (3) there is a positive relationship between stomatal oscillation, closure and sensitivity to abscisic acid. The data indicates that sensitivity to ABA may regulate stomatal oscillation and closure in Arabidopsis thaliana.
{"title":"The effect of sensitivity to abscisic acid on stomatal behaviour in Arabidopsis thaliana","authors":"Hao Zhang, M. Qiu, Gen-xuan Wang, Y. Gan, Kefeng Zheng, Xu-guo Yao","doi":"10.5053/EJOBIOS.2009.3.0.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2009.3.0.2","url":null,"abstract":"Stomatal oscillation has been described as an efficient mechanism to prevent water loss, decrease the transpiration rate and to improve water use efficiency under severe drought conditions. Former researches demonstrated that ABA-induced H2O2 production and H2O2activated Ca 2+ channels were important mechanism for ABA-induced stomatal oscillation. In this study, how sensitivity to abscisic acid (ABA) regulates stomatal oscillation was investigated with Arabidopsis thaliana mutants (abi1-1, insensitivity to ABA and era1-2, hypersensitive to ABA) and wild types. The results showed that (1) hypersensitivity to ABA strengthens stomatal oscillation and closure induced by ABA; (2) insensitivity to ABA abolishes stomatal oscillation and closure induced by ABA; and (3) there is a positive relationship between stomatal oscillation, closure and sensitivity to abscisic acid. The data indicates that sensitivity to ABA may regulate stomatal oscillation and closure in Arabidopsis thaliana.","PeriodicalId":11848,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2009.3.0.2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70597186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-07-01DOI: 10.5053/EJOBIOS.2009.3.0.6
B. Adhikari, S. Uniyal, G. Rawat
The present paper deals with the vegetation structure and community patterns within and between various plant communities in the Tehri Dam Submergence Zone in Garhwal, in the western Himalaya, Uttarakhand, India. The submergence zone is comprised of two valleys, the Bhagirathi submergence zone and the Bhilangna submergence zone. Four major plant communities were identified in both the submergence zones with varied associations through TWINSPAN. Most of the communities are similar in both the submergence zones, while their associations altered due to the micro-climatic variations. The species richness and diversity was high in most of the sites in the Bhagirathi submergence zone compared to the Bhilangna submergence zone, where species richness and diversity were more or less similar in most of the sites. The evenness values in most of the sites indicate that the species were distributed evenly in the Bhagirathi submergence zone, while heterogeneously in most of the sites in the Bhilangna submergence zone. However, the rate of species change, for example, the sdiversity was higher in the Bhilangna submergence zone compared to the Bhagirathi submergence zone. The biomass of Lantana (74.5%) was high for the entire submergence zone compared to Carissa (25.4%), with respect to the total available biomass for both species. However, the extraction was more for Carissa (2.2%) as compared to Lantana (1.2%), with respect to the total biomass of each species.
{"title":"Vegetation structure and community patterns of Tehri Dam Submergence Zone, Uttarakhand, India","authors":"B. Adhikari, S. Uniyal, G. Rawat","doi":"10.5053/EJOBIOS.2009.3.0.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2009.3.0.6","url":null,"abstract":"The present paper deals with the vegetation structure and community patterns within and between various plant communities in the Tehri Dam Submergence Zone in Garhwal, in the western Himalaya, Uttarakhand, India. The submergence zone is comprised of two valleys, the Bhagirathi submergence zone and the Bhilangna submergence zone. Four major plant communities were identified in both the submergence zones with varied associations through TWINSPAN. Most of the communities are similar in both the submergence zones, while their associations altered due to the micro-climatic variations. The species richness and diversity was high in most of the sites in the Bhagirathi submergence zone compared to the Bhilangna submergence zone, where species richness and diversity were more or less similar in most of the sites. The evenness values in most of the sites indicate that the species were distributed evenly in the Bhagirathi submergence zone, while heterogeneously in most of the sites in the Bhilangna submergence zone. However, the rate of species change, for example, the sdiversity was higher in the Bhilangna submergence zone compared to the Bhagirathi submergence zone. The biomass of Lantana (74.5%) was high for the entire submergence zone compared to Carissa (25.4%), with respect to the total available biomass for both species. However, the extraction was more for Carissa (2.2%) as compared to Lantana (1.2%), with respect to the total biomass of each species.","PeriodicalId":11848,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2009.3.0.6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70597454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-07-01DOI: 10.5053/EJOBIOS.2009.3.0.1
V. D. Nair, C. A. Jaleel, R. Gopi, M. Gomathinayagam, R. Panneerselvam
In this study, Ocimum sanctum plants were treated with paclobutrazol (PBZ) and Abscissic acid (ABA) to analyze the changes in the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant responses. Nonenzymatic antioxidants like ascorbic acid decreased in the ABA treated plants. But it increased in the PBZ treated plants. Although both PBZ and ABA treatments considerably increased the -tocopherol content, it was more in the PBZ treated plants. Enzymatic antioxidants like ascorbate peroxidase and superoxide dismutase were also increased by the treatments. Catalase activity was increased by both growth regulators to a significant extent when compared with the control plants. In conclusion, our results indicated that the PBZ and ABA applications at low concentrations could be used as potential tools to increase defense mechanisms in medicinal plants.
{"title":"Antioxidant potential of Ocimum sanctum under growth regulator treatments","authors":"V. D. Nair, C. A. Jaleel, R. Gopi, M. Gomathinayagam, R. Panneerselvam","doi":"10.5053/EJOBIOS.2009.3.0.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2009.3.0.1","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, Ocimum sanctum plants were treated with paclobutrazol (PBZ) and Abscissic acid (ABA) to analyze the changes in the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant responses. Nonenzymatic antioxidants like ascorbic acid decreased in the ABA treated plants. But it increased in the PBZ treated plants. Although both PBZ and ABA treatments considerably increased the -tocopherol content, it was more in the PBZ treated plants. Enzymatic antioxidants like ascorbate peroxidase and superoxide dismutase were also increased by the treatments. Catalase activity was increased by both growth regulators to a significant extent when compared with the control plants. In conclusion, our results indicated that the PBZ and ABA applications at low concentrations could be used as potential tools to increase defense mechanisms in medicinal plants.","PeriodicalId":11848,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2009.3.0.1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70596988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-07-01DOI: 10.5053/EJOBIOS.2009.3.0.11
S. Razavi, R. Hajiboland
The seed dormancy of Prangos ferulaceae (Apiaceae) has been studied with treatment the seeds by soaking, scarification, cold and warm stratification, alternating temperatures and GA3. Our results showed that the seeds dormancy can be broken by cold stratification at 5°C and 12°C which induced germination up to 35 and 40%, respectively. Alternating temperatures (15/6°C) promote germination only to 15%. Scarification, soaking, warm stratification and GA 3 had no significant effects on seed germination. It has been found that light inhibits seed germination and the seeds have a negative photoblasticity. It has also been shown that cold temperatures promote the growth of the undeveloped embryo of the plant. After 10 weeks stratification of the seeds at 5°C, the embryo length increased 200%. In conclusion, it is obvious that, the seeds of P. ferulaceae have morphophysiologic dormancy.
{"title":"Dormancy breaking and germination of Prangos ferulaceae seeds","authors":"S. Razavi, R. Hajiboland","doi":"10.5053/EJOBIOS.2009.3.0.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2009.3.0.11","url":null,"abstract":"The seed dormancy of Prangos ferulaceae (Apiaceae) has been studied with treatment the seeds by soaking, scarification, cold and warm stratification, alternating temperatures and GA3. Our results showed that the seeds dormancy can be broken by cold stratification at 5°C and 12°C which induced germination up to 35 and 40%, respectively. Alternating temperatures (15/6°C) promote germination only to 15%. Scarification, soaking, warm stratification and GA 3 had no significant effects on seed germination. It has been found that light inhibits seed germination and the seeds have a negative photoblasticity. It has also been shown that cold temperatures promote the growth of the undeveloped embryo of the plant. After 10 weeks stratification of the seeds at 5°C, the embryo length increased 200%. In conclusion, it is obvious that, the seeds of P. ferulaceae have morphophysiologic dormancy.","PeriodicalId":11848,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2009.3.0.11","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70597084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-07-01DOI: 10.5053/EJOBIOS.2009.3.0.13
B. Efeoğlu, S. Terzioğlu
The effects of heat stress at 37°C and 45°C for 8 h on the seedlings of Karacadag and Firat wheat cultivars differing in sensitivity was investigated by means of chlorophyll a fluorescence, photosynthetic pigment content and 2-D SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the thylakoid membrane. Heat stress inhibited chlorophyll accumulation at 45°C for 8 h and caused marked alterations in the chlorophyll a fluorescence and photosynthesis in the primary leaves of the wheat cultivars at 37°C and 45°C for 8 h. Examination of the 2-D SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis of the thylakoid membrane proteins from the two wheat cultivars showed that while a heat treatment at 37°C and 45°C did not induce or enhance the synthesis of any protein. While the synthesis of some proteins were repressed when compared to the control temperature cultivars, the photosynthetic responses of Karacadag were less altered than Firat to the effect that; Karacadag showed lower reduction in the chlorophyll content, FV and FV/FM parameters where the F0 parameter only increased in the Firat cultivar at 45°C. Therefore, Karacadag was determined to be a heat tolerant cultivar that can be used for cultivation in warmer regions.
{"title":"Photosynthetic responses of two wheat varieties to high temperature","authors":"B. Efeoğlu, S. Terzioğlu","doi":"10.5053/EJOBIOS.2009.3.0.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2009.3.0.13","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of heat stress at 37°C and 45°C for 8 h on the seedlings of Karacadag and Firat wheat cultivars differing in sensitivity was investigated by means of chlorophyll a fluorescence, photosynthetic pigment content and 2-D SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the thylakoid membrane. Heat stress inhibited chlorophyll accumulation at 45°C for 8 h and caused marked alterations in the chlorophyll a fluorescence and photosynthesis in the primary leaves of the wheat cultivars at 37°C and 45°C for 8 h. Examination of the 2-D SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis of the thylakoid membrane proteins from the two wheat cultivars showed that while a heat treatment at 37°C and 45°C did not induce or enhance the synthesis of any protein. While the synthesis of some proteins were repressed when compared to the control temperature cultivars, the photosynthetic responses of Karacadag were less altered than Firat to the effect that; Karacadag showed lower reduction in the chlorophyll content, FV and FV/FM parameters where the F0 parameter only increased in the Firat cultivar at 45°C. Therefore, Karacadag was determined to be a heat tolerant cultivar that can be used for cultivation in warmer regions.","PeriodicalId":11848,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70597131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-07-01DOI: 10.5053/EJOBIOS.2009.3.0.9
A. Gohari, S. Saeidnia, A. Shahverdi, N. Yassa, M. Malmir, Kamyar Mollazade, A. Naghinejad
The genus, Hymenocrater, belongs to the plant family Lamiaceae which contains eleven shrub species, of which H. calycinus belonges and grows wildly in Northeastern Iran. From the ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of the flowered aerial parts of Hymenocrater calycinus, four compounds were isolated using chromatographic methods and identified by spectroscopic data (MS, 1 H- and 13 C-NMR, HMQC, HMBC and 1 H- 1 H COSY). The effect of rosmarinic acid, as the main component in our study was applied to Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger by the broth dilution method. Isolated compounds were identified as s-sitosterol (1), ursolic acid (2), rosmarinic acid (3) and quercetin-3-O- rutinoside (4). The results of our assay against bacteria and fungi show that, rosmarinic acid has an antifungal property against Candida albicans (MIC, 250 μg mL -1 ).
hymenocater属，属膜层植物科，包含11种灌木，其中calycinus属并广泛生长于伊朗东北部。从萼花莲(hymenocater calycinus)有花部位的乙酸乙酯和甲醇提取物中分离得到4个化合物，并通过MS、1h - nmr和13c - nmr、HMQC、HMBC和1h - 1h COSY等光谱数据进行鉴定。以迷迭香酸为主要成分，采用肉汤稀释法研究其对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、白色念珠菌和黑曲霉的抑菌效果。化合物鉴定为s-谷甾醇(1)、熊果酸(2)、迷迭香酸(3)和槲皮素-3- o -芦丁苷(4)。对细菌和真菌的抑菌实验结果表明，迷迭香酸对白色念珠菌(MIC, 250 μg mL -1)具有抗真菌作用。
{"title":"PHYTOCHEMISTRY AND ANTIMICROBIAL COMPOUNDS OF HYMENOCRATER CALYCINUS","authors":"A. Gohari, S. Saeidnia, A. Shahverdi, N. Yassa, M. Malmir, Kamyar Mollazade, A. Naghinejad","doi":"10.5053/EJOBIOS.2009.3.0.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2009.3.0.9","url":null,"abstract":"The genus, Hymenocrater, belongs to the plant family Lamiaceae which contains eleven shrub species, of which H. calycinus belonges and grows wildly in Northeastern Iran. From the ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of the flowered aerial parts of Hymenocrater calycinus, four compounds were isolated using chromatographic methods and identified by spectroscopic data (MS, 1 H- and 13 C-NMR, HMQC, HMBC and 1 H- 1 H COSY). The effect of rosmarinic acid, as the main component in our study was applied to Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger by the broth dilution method. Isolated compounds were identified as s-sitosterol (1), ursolic acid (2), rosmarinic acid (3) and quercetin-3-O- rutinoside (4). The results of our assay against bacteria and fungi show that, rosmarinic acid has an antifungal property against Candida albicans (MIC, 250 μg mL -1 ).","PeriodicalId":11848,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2009.3.0.9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70597402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-01-01DOI: 10.5053/EJOBIOS.2009.3.0.17
W. Yoon, Y. Ham, Sang-Suk Kim, B. Yoo, J. Moon, J. Baik, N. Lee, C. Hyun
Despite its beneficial role in host defense mechanisms, excessive nitric oxide (NO) production by activated macrophages has been implicated in several inflammatory diseases. To clarify the mechanisms of the anti-inflammatory activities of Sargassum micracanthum, we evaluated whether extracts of S. micracanthum could modulate the production of NO by activated macrophages. S. micracanthum were extracted with 80% EtOH. The extract was then successively partitioned with hexane, CH 2 Cl 2 , EtOAc, BuOH, and water. The results indicate that the hexane and CH2Cl2 fractions of S. micracanthum extract were effective inhibitors of LPS-induced NO and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production in RAW 264.7 cells. The inhibitory effects of the hexane and CH2Cl2 fractions of S. micracanthum were accompanied by dosedependent decreases in the production of iNOS and COX-2 proteins and iNOS and COX-2 mRNA expression. To test the inhibitory effects of S. micracanthum fractions on other cytokines, we also performed ELISA and RT-PCR assays for TNF- , IL-1s, and IL-6 in LPSstimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. In these assays, the hexane and CH2Cl2 fractions of S. micracanthum produced dose-dependent decreases in the production and mRNA expression of TNF- , IL-1s, and IL-6. To test the potential application of S. micracanthum extract as a cosmetic material, we also performed MTT assays on human dermal fibroblast cells, as well as primary skin irritation tests. In these assays, S. micracanthum extracts did not induce any adverse reactions. Based on these results, we suggest that S. micracanthum extracts may be considered potential anti-inflammatory candidates for topical application.
{"title":"Suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, iNOS, and COX-2 expression by brown algae Sargassum micracanthum in RAW 264.7 macrophages","authors":"W. Yoon, Y. Ham, Sang-Suk Kim, B. Yoo, J. Moon, J. Baik, N. Lee, C. Hyun","doi":"10.5053/EJOBIOS.2009.3.0.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2009.3.0.17","url":null,"abstract":"Despite its beneficial role in host defense mechanisms, excessive nitric oxide (NO) production by activated macrophages has been implicated in several inflammatory diseases. To clarify the mechanisms of the anti-inflammatory activities of Sargassum micracanthum, we evaluated whether extracts of S. micracanthum could modulate the production of NO by activated macrophages. S. micracanthum were extracted with 80% EtOH. The extract was then successively partitioned with hexane, CH 2 Cl 2 , EtOAc, BuOH, and water. The results indicate that the hexane and CH2Cl2 fractions of S. micracanthum extract were effective inhibitors of LPS-induced NO and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production in RAW 264.7 cells. The inhibitory effects of the hexane and CH2Cl2 fractions of S. micracanthum were accompanied by dosedependent decreases in the production of iNOS and COX-2 proteins and iNOS and COX-2 mRNA expression. To test the inhibitory effects of S. micracanthum fractions on other cytokines, we also performed ELISA and RT-PCR assays for TNF- , IL-1s, and IL-6 in LPSstimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. In these assays, the hexane and CH2Cl2 fractions of S. micracanthum produced dose-dependent decreases in the production and mRNA expression of TNF- , IL-1s, and IL-6. To test the potential application of S. micracanthum extract as a cosmetic material, we also performed MTT assays on human dermal fibroblast cells, as well as primary skin irritation tests. In these assays, S. micracanthum extracts did not induce any adverse reactions. Based on these results, we suggest that S. micracanthum extracts may be considered potential anti-inflammatory candidates for topical application.","PeriodicalId":11848,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Biosciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2009.3.0.17","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70596999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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